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Show . I1 M will W C 11 X' 1 Position of Woman as Viirihuial Slave V : iAA ' , x . - . s -v to B Raised, Says Atatlior I" ;'., ,' . - r " ' ' , -v , With- S Few Mesa Left, She Will ftt fj(' I ,."vvr ' ' . Pick Her-wo Mate and Rule A AJ:'' v . , - - 'v V;.' ; -y " - . -"" W-sy v-- 4 , y A k "In ancient days," says Miss Gamble, ' . ,. O l.r-- ! V "female prisoners were regarded Ji-t , . '.VeS- -.-4 as the special booty of their cap- f v ;" V -Vwjr J WVJ g tors." Marriage by capture is X a- ; (f-f, ;V- v ?." r " I here illustrated by the famous AWi V ' f Vt . - - - ' . Just preceding the F.ench revolution high Is V-l A .:r A W vr ' &'A - -d to .tn,u out to watch r'tT-'ftf V- W4 -th delated excitement the execution V i , wV A ' rv v , of peasams for the breach of some trivial -? LH , T' ! ; fc Jia- Sx f f ' " ; k iaw 7he ga:!,lotine'" says M,ss Gamb,e- V ? 5- y J vVs a 15 v " -K 4 very thoroughly c'ercd away such prac- V' V , 1 tlCCS" Th,s painting of The Mas mere of Li t A- V? X A , - r women for Echoed - the m-n louflh rrocl.nn .He ,1 g,nu , , of our toe." Wfni since the hen si k s of life the upply of the former 1 T 7 ' , "4 U" 5 I ! i In the dnys before wife c iptme fert iipm man s sition U n generally F 'r In the prehistoiic lungle i collated hv the dem nds of the latter C'j 1 i f 1 e. ame prevalent there was no teueul It i too reohltioll iry to 1 V Tf V Ihe "oman 1 st tntrol Mtrn ge still , etuns its origin 1 me n W - ;4 f ! 4 v V, "J i' marriage as it later came to msI otl.rvviv 1 ho I n . h i e1 olntl m did much H of ,Up flm'13 tle rR,p In? nna 'E'HStnn06 namely the owner t H W " f v ) Js tint i the fithei of the child to cle r in I he d pcneia i of the Frcncli k 1 , SL mm ha hid hi da ship and control of women With the ex sJ-!i'1'f - v ( v 4 lf i n w oie nit master of tlu m th n ihiliti J his fict t nds to pie weight to r fKUc h!,s hme 0,,t and "1 ti of phjsicnl force all the ceiemomes ' , f - j, N . 4 , f t S 1 V ' ( eisnndhtdn i nU c i r them M irrias.e Miss ( minks slakmeut legaidiug the 03CZ3 tU'turcd h,s wire with customs uhasand usage of pumithe . 1 - 1 , ? , .5 , , w hich flmlh came mto h lng me uit n.th smenoss , f Inn. a club line lately he mainage hue bun pieenri When i J h 4 f - V . L mK nine thin that man was supreme f i Imiiuiii.H i h r in the upper so- I.as wooed her wlh more manneis but woman mame she is guen to hei hu k ? i t s,- the time bem- th it he wanted the si ort cicl cf Iinie in tlic cais piecedlng the with equal supenintv He. In been the band bj her father oi some other jnale if V " F - cf chasln- diwn nd npturin a stiange rehiti n 1 he c mn on j e i le were taxed ruler; he the one to take her and shelter relative. Mie promises to obey her master ,, .-v.., ... ,:,,, womnn abot whom there was more lure, beyond endurance, killed for interfering lier; she the one to "honor and obey"; her and accepts a ring as a badge of her de- ' 4 more to flatter his conceit and egotism. with the most trivial rights of the nobility, father the one to give her away. pendence upon him. She relinquishes her v - V W V AJ Wives ever n- that l:iv have been more persecuted and starved In order that the Many women have objected strenuously own name and family, accepting as her own r" t y X $ $ or ess in slaverv forced to live more with rich might have luxuries. Themost.de- to the obvious disadvantages for their sex the name and family of her husband. She i i t t r L'A", the family of the husband than with her generate practices were current among the in the present system of marriage, and now follows him to his home, where, as she is J J fx- k I own parents ; forced to take his name and high born women, one of the most nn- I'.llza Burt Gamble, the famous student of supported by his bounty, ehe is subject to v s 4 . 4. V V f V. f accept sucli money as he doled out. womanly of them being to stroll out to see feminine history. and psychology and an an- his will and pleasure. Until women are , , .SV1 uVtA -That the capture of women for wives," with delighted e.xHtement peasants who thorlly upon sociology, says that the great economically, free they will remain sexual ' f f,h k & ' savs Aliss Gamble, "arose because the inde- bad violated some absurdly trivial law put European war will destroy marriage as it ' slaves. . . ' ' t Jf & 'f 'is i ivendence of free women was a bar to the to death. Their position held nothing for V now exists and will really emancipate "Of all the forms of human slavery , ,4 " . W C k if grntlllcation of the lower instincts in man them but amusement, and thev took every "Nwomen from the Influence of the cave man which have ever been devised there has s - tv. f ? f i cau i the presence of all the facts at hand advantage to gratify their satiated tastes. ' ot captor. probably never been one soMegrading as is J - - ' v J ' sc-ircelv be doubted, and that women suli- The revolution cleared away this ntmos- , As this war rolls on year after year and that which has been practiced within the ' , " , V nllttc1 ' to the position of wife only when plere ve1T thoroughly wllh the Knlllollne the total of the dead men . mounts higher marital relation, nor one in which the ex- U , v ' obll,.(.fl to do so or when deprived of liberty and thereafter not only morals but economic and higher the future of -omen indeed be- trlcation of the enslaved has been a matter s .1 N nnddra-ed from home and friends, is only position were bettered. comes more and more of a question. of such utter hopelessness. The present Jk ' m apparent. "The' Kuronn war has groier ,iossn- The millions of men who die and leave struggle of women for freedom shows how V , ,, .,ii, , - , ., , V i - , "Willi a svsfcin, however, under which hililies for clianging social conditions than widows, (linicees or women with whom thev deeply rooted is the instinct which demands i , , ' , i,-.nr ,i i , n- , mi 1 - uuo . , 6 TOO years every womanly instinct has t li e revolution. Jwenlv-hve inllllon men in normal times would have married will their subjection. . V s i. .,,,, f,.,i , , , , , , , , . v r been smothered, and under which female have been called away from the Industrial leave a huge hole in the social life of Eu- 1 "-, VV S , , , -,i- ,.r , , , i tl d a v vi activitv has been ut lzed in the service of work of l.urope, and yet," Miss Gamble rope. Will the women thus left raatcless Lower lhan in Past Ages. . , , , . , , , ,i0 , ,, ,,, . , , . ,., ,,, , , - , the strong sex Instinct developed in males, says, "Hie removal of these men will not refuse to go thniugl. ife w-lthout love or According to those opinions of the au- v . s w the outward expression of female delicacy materially Interfere with the useful indus- w.thout children; Will they hold to former thor, which appear in her new book, "The ' -r has doubtless diminished, and in their tries of Hnrope, as is shown In the fact that standards of condue and observe the old Sexes in Science and History," published by weakened mental and physical condition ' Uielr withdrawal has not greatly disturbed WfvlVEK since the days when t r V ln tlle Prehistoric jungle Hi "J! W "ln woman lost control SrH of "' fam,ly the CRve a if aL, mau nns uad il,s lay' captured his wife with a club. Store lately he lias wooed her with more manners but with equal superiority. He. has been the ruler; he the one to take her and shelter her; she the one to "honor and obey"; her father the one to give her away. Many women have objected strenuously to the obvious disadvantages for their sex in the present system of marriage, and now Eliza Burt Gamble, the famous student of feminine history, and psychology and an authority au-thority upon sociology, says that the great European war will destroy marriage as it ' now exists and will really emancipate "K. women from the Influence of the cave man ' Vpe of captor. , As this war rolls on year after year and the total of the dead men mounts higher and higher the future of -omen indeed becomes be-comes more and more of a question. The millions of men who die aud leave , w idows, fiancees. or women with whom they in normal times would have married will leave a huge hole in the social life of Europe. Eu-rope. Will the women thus left raatcless refuse to go through life without love or without children? Will they hold to former standards of conduct and observe the old rules of morality? Will they be content to be spinsters all their lives? Miss Gamble says; "After the war only the most robust among women will propagate propa-gate the nice. These women, as did the women under early organized society, will etioose their mates. They will exercise absolute ab-solute control over the sex functions. Thus will be avoided the terrible consequences which have resulted from the present form of marriage. "Restricts Women Only." "The system of marriage iu vogue at the present time has never restricted men to the possession of a single woman. Monogamy as established under male sn-. premacy means one husband for one woman, while a man may have as many women as he is able or willing to support. As women a instill dependent upon men for the ncces- siiies of life the supply of the former is regulated bv the demands of the latter. Marriage still retains its original meaning mean-ing and significance namely, the ownership owner-ship and control of women. With the exception ex-ception of physical force all the ceremonies, customs, ideas and usages of primitive marriages have been preserved. When a woman marries she is "given to her husband hus-band by her father or some other jnale relative. Mie promises to obey her master and accepts a ring as a badge of her dependence de-pendence upon him. She relinquishes her own name and family, accepting as her own the name and family of her husband. She follows him to his home, where, as she is supported by his bounty, she is subject to his will and pleasure. Until women are economically, free they will remain sexual slaves. . "Of all the forms of human slavery which have ever been devised there has probably never been one soMegrading as is that which has been practiced within the marital relation, nor one ln which the extrication ex-trication of the enslaved has been a matter of such utter hopelessness. The present struggle of women for freedom shows how deeply rooted is the instinct which demands their subjection." Lower Than in Past Ages. According to these opinions of the author, au-thor, which appear iu her new book, "The Sexes in Science and History," published by G. T. Putnam's Sous, womeu today are Immeasurably Im-measurably lower in position than they were ages ago and they have been miserably degraded. The present war will fiuii'j work, she thinks, of restoring women to the ascendancy. Hereafter we may expect women to take the command as they did ln the first known families. The first organization organi-zation of human beings was based .on the idea that women were supreme. The children chil-dren took the name of the mother and their children kept their grandmother's tribal name. Women held land, they invented the first, fools that were used, they first thought of saving grain for seed. They first made clothes to preserve health. They began art by rude paintings for home decorations. They managed affairs of the community, but they were not beasts of burden. A woman captured in war was not taken as a A modern marriage in which the bride is given to her husband and, Miss Gamble says, "accepts a ring as her badge of "dependence upon her master mas-ter and her subjection to his will and pleasure." harem slave by her captor, but was placed on an equality with the other womeu of the tribe. . ' "Later, how-ever," says Miss Gamble, "female "fe-male prisoners began to be regarded as the special booty of their captors and as belonging be-longing exclusively to them, and although in primitive times marriage outside the limits of related groups was prohibited, owing to the esteem in which military chieftains came to be held this claim was at length allowed them. Auy courageous young warrior, conscious of his popularity, might gather about him a band of clansmen clans-men and march against a neighboring tribe, the women taken prisoners on such expedi tions being the special prizes of their captors. "These prisoners were entitled to none of the privileges of the community into which they were taken, and as the hostility felt toward unrelated tribes had become so strong as to be shared by the women, the captive woman could no longer look for pity even from her own sex." From this time in the history f ihe race may be traced the decline of woman's power and the subjection of the natural female impulses. im-pulses. All over the world it became the custom to play the cave man and to capture such V women for wifehood as the man jisf might want. In the days before wife captme became prevalent there was no marriage as it later came to exist that is the fathers of the children child-ren wore not masters of the mothers moth-ers and had no control over them. Marriage which fluallv came into being meant nothing noth-ing more than that man was supreme f-i the time being; that he wanted the sport of chasing down and rapturing a strange woman about whom there was more nue, more to flatter his conceit aud egotism. Wives ever since that day have been more or less in slavery, forced to live more with the family of the husband than with her own parents; forced to take his name and accept sucli money as he doled out. "That the capture of women for wives," says Miss Gamble, "arose because the independence inde-pendence of free women was a bar to the gratification of the lower instincts in man can in the presence of all the facts at hand scarcely lie doubted, aud that women submitted sub-mitted to the position of wife only when obliged to do so, or when deprived of liberty and dragged from home and friends, Is only too apparent. "Willi a system, however, under which for 6,000 years every womanly instinct has been smothered, "and under which female activity has been utilized iu the service of the strong sex Instinct develojed in males, the outward expression of female delicacy has doubtless diminished, and in their weakened mental and physical condition women, dependent not only for all the luxuries luxu-ries but the necessities of life as well upon pleasing the men, have doubtless given them, blinded as they have become by the conditions of their own peculiar development, develop-ment, some reason for believing that within the female, as within the male, passion has been the ruling characteristic. ".Notwithstanding the fact that, during the last, twenty-five years marked progress is observed in the social and economic progress of women, still the sexual position posi-tion of the great mass of women lias steadily stead-ily declined. So far as her sex relations are concerned civilized woman occupies a lower isitlon than that occupied by the female animal. The traffic in women is carried car-ried on in every country on the earth. Our sexual conditions and our present economic and industrial situation loudly proclaim the degeneracy of our time." Unit the current war will have some effect ef-fect upon woman s position it is generally believed. It is too revolutionary to lie otherwise. The I-rench revolution did much to clear away the degeneracy of the French nobilitv. ibis fact, tends to give weight to Miss (.ambles statement regarding the soreness of a chancre. Immorality was ruler in the upper society so-ciety of J-ranee in the vears preceding the revolution. The common people wero taxed neyoiui endurance, killed for Interfering with the most trivial rights of the nobility, persecuted and starved In order that the rich might hnve luxuries. The most degenerate de-generate practices were current, among the high born women, one of the most unwomanly un-womanly of them being to stroll out to see with delighted excitement peasants who had violated some absurdly trivial law put to death. Their position held Dothlng for them but amusement, and they took every advantage to gratify their satiated tastes. The revolution cleared away this atmosphere atmos-phere very thoroughly with the guillotine and thereafter not only morals but economic position were bettered. "The' Eurrijoan war has greater jiossi-bililies jiossi-bililies for changing social conditions than the revolution. Twenly-h've million men have been called away from the Industrial work of .Europe, and yet," Miss Gamble says, "the removal of these men will not materially Interfere with the useful industries indus-tries of Europe, as is shown In the fact that (heir withdrawal has not greatly disturbed the industrial situation, and this, too, notwithstanding not-withstanding the fact that many new ofrcn-pations ofrcn-pations have been, created by war. The work formerly done by these men has been largely taken up by women. Marriage to Disappear? "It should be Ixirne in mind that under the new conditions which are approaching tlie const rnet i ve element developed In human sr.eiely is again to assume command over the dest i-ik-i he forces which have tieen in control since the beginning of the historic perbnl. As this clement has been confided to women anil as it is by them transmitted to offspring il is not dillieiilt to forecast the position which the women of the future will occupy. The institution of marriage, as it now exists will disappear." I opyriKtil, 1917, Ly J. K-:lcy. |
