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Show BROAD 5CHEI OF DEFENSE IS WAHMLYURGED Congress of Constructive Patriotism Favors Universal Uni-versal Military Training. MEETING WINDS UP WITH BIG BANQUET Rear Admiral Peary, Senator Sena-tor Chamberlain, Former Senator Young of Iowa and Others Speak. WASHINGTON, Jan. 27. Emphatic approval of a broad sahame of national dofonso was given unanimously today by the Congress of Constructive Patriotism Patri-otism at the closing busineHS session of its meeting here under the auspices of the National Security leaguo. In a statement of principles the congress declared' de-clared' for univorsal military training, for restoration of the navy to second place in tho Atlantic and first place in the Pacific, for development of American Ameri-can woman power, for a nation-wide campaign for patriotism through education educa-tion and for effective Americanization efforts to destroy dual citizenship. Tonight the meeting came to an end with a banquet, attended by more than 800 delegates, who heard addresses by Bear Admiral Robert E. Peary, Senator Chamberlain, chairman of the senate military committee: former Sonator La-fayotto La-fayotto Young of Iowa, and Georgo W. Wickorsham, former attorney general. Admiral Peary outlined a programme for developing air powor for defense and reviewed the part air attacks have had in the fighting of the present war. Principles Adopted. In its declaration of principles the congress con-gress affirmed the belief that the right of the individual to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness is the basic principle prin-ciple of the American government, and then declared: "And we hold that in our relations with foreign governments we should continue to affirm and to defend these rights." All Americans, it is declared, should be brought to recognize "the dangers that beset our republic," inasmuch as we are unprepared to defend our national na-tional integrity against other nations whose aspirations and theories of government gov-ernment may be in conflict with ours." TJmt congress also adopted a committee commit-tee report outlining a comprehensive Slan of spreading Knowledge on the uty and privileges of citizenship and a resolution urging the enactment of legislation to secure "a national executive execu-tive budget system." Universal Training. In recommending universal training, the congress indorsed the following general gen-eral principles: Military or naval training for all physically fit young men prior to the age of 21, and preferably in the nineteenth nine-teenth year. The training to be intensive, continuous continu-ous field or sea training for the period necessary to produce an effective soldier sol-dier or sailor. The system to be under exclusive federal control. Obligation to serve in war, as well as to train in time of peace. A committee proposal to include in the section "No pay to be given during dur-ing training" was stricken out by the congress. Admiral Peary said the day was at hand when command of land or sea would mean nothing without command of the air, and that no attack can be driven home on European battle fronts without the assistance of the air service. ser-vice. He pictured some of the great advances in aviation that already have come out of the war. What Might Happen. "At the present time," he said, "four foreign powers, probably six, have the men, the machines and the expert knowledge that would enable any ono of them by issuing an order today to destroy Washington or any other of our great coastal citios from the air in a Bingle night two weeks from now. We have neither airplanes nor dirigibles, nor aviators nor anti-aircraft gnus, nor any other means of preventing such destruction. de-struction. ' ' The United States, the admiral said, could be given an adequate air power through a programme providing for a separate department of aeronautics, with a place in the president's cabinet; an aviation class including many thousands thou-sands of young men throughout the country; a driving home of broad conceptions con-ceptions of aeronautic needs on the floor of congress; a comprehensive aero coast defense system, including a continuous cordon of sentinel planes offuhore; coordination co-ordination of efforts to develop aeronautics aero-nautics backed by powerful financial interests, and a great central aeronautic manufacturing plant. Favors Bond Issue. To cover the expense of these measures, meas-ures, Admiral Peary said, a bond issue should be authorized. The millions spent on the army and navy, he declared, de-clared, will be wasted unless we have such an air fleet as will give the United Unit-ed States unquestioned command of the air for tho continent of North America. Amer-ica. ' ' Former Senator Young pleaded for national efforts to weld the country into one nation. He urgod that every practice prac-tice of accepting toreign fashions and views, from philosophy to music and women's dresses, bo discouraged and that no immigrant be admitted to citizenship citi-zenship until his every qualification had been adequately tested. Mr. Wiekersnam dwelt npon the placo tho Monroe doctrine haa played in American history. "Our nation was greatest," he said, "when it most clearly recognized its responsibilities and most courageously stood forward, sword in hand, to enforce en-force them; we have talked much of late too much about peace, without regard for any consideration of what peace entails. "Some of us have talked and are still talking about becoming part of a league to enforce peace, apparently without reflecting re-flecting that such a league is but another an-other name for an offensive and defensive defen-sive alliance such as our whole national history and policy run counter to. "if we are permanently to surrender surren-der our rights to exclude tne nations of Europe or Asia from the extension of their institutions to South and Central America it will be idle to talk of forming form-ing an international peace league." Would Take Time. Although the United States possesses a productive equipment in excess of that of any other two powers, it would take from five to thirty years to produce pro-duce its own munitions for a great war as at present organized, Howard L. Coffin, Cof-fin, member of the advisory committee of tha national defense council, today told the Congress of Constructive Patriotism. Pa-triotism. ' "Congress has already don everything every-thing it is necessary for congress to do toward industrial preparedness, ' ' he said. "What remains to be done must be done by sheer hard work alone." Air. Coffin said the defense council, created by congress to make the productive pro-ductive capacity of the nation ready, would -shortly issue ' ' the first textbook text-book on munition making ever printed. print-ed. ' ' He described also some or the stops to be taken, including the placing of "minimum annual educational orders" or-ders" for war materials of all kinds with private plants listed to furnish certain -things in war times. Beyond that, ho said, was the enrollment of skilled labor to guard against enlistment enlist-ment of these men and disruption of the industries. Bitter Experience. American manufacturers had found by bitter experience, he said, that it took one to two years to convert their plants to produce foreign war orders. It would take nearly as long, he said, to again convert them to turn out American Amer-ican arms aud ammunition. "And about SO per cent of our total manufacturing capacity would be turned to that work in time of war," he said. Singling out the motor car industry, Mr. Coffin, himself an automobile engineer, en-gineer, said only fifteen of the hundred major plants would be making cars in time or war. The others would all be converted into munitions plants. The national defense council is listing every plant for its best war uses, regardless of its present occupation. "We must think and work for adequate ade-quate preparedness," he said, "when the country has been skating on the thinnest kind of diplomatic ice for two years. " Wilson Assailed. Other speakers included Herbert My-rick My-rick of Springfield, Mass., and Representative Repre-sentative Gardner of Massachusetts, who assailed President Wilson's international internation-al peace league proposal. "The only league I am for." said Representative Gardner, "would be composed com-posed of the forty-eight states of the Union. " Mr. Myrick took a different view of President Wilson's recent declaration: "Pan-American peace, successfully established es-tablished now," he said, "will go far toward inducing the nations of the eastern east-ern hemisphere to adopt forthwith those eternal American principles whose authoritative au-thoritative enunciation may be crystallized crystal-lized into three words, 'the Wilson doctrine.' doc-trine.' " But Mexico was a challenge to the Pan-American peace union, Mr. Myriek pointed out, adding: "Let us make a food job of it before we tackle the Pan-ora's Pan-ora's box of old world troubles. " The speaker said the situation in Mexico Mex-ico was due to "6000 overlords, who own all the land that their 16,000,000 fellows covet." P. H. W. Boss, president of the National Na-tional Marine league, declared that the upbuilding of an American merchant marine must have a part in any preparedness pre-paredness programme for both military and economic reasons. "Preparedness expenditures cannot be maintained," he said, "without preparedness pre-paredness income, and that income is dependent upon selling American products prod-ucts abroad, which can be accomplished onlv with American ships." |