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Show NEAR EAST FAVORS 1LS0IW ETHICS Future Is Discussed by Sir Mark Sykes, Eminent British Authority. He Points Out That Allied Democracy Has a Big Task Ahead. By FLOYD MACGRIPF, Universal service Staff Correspondent. L, ON" DON1, Oct. 30. (By Wail) It is generally recognized that a new era. with a code of Wilsonian ethics, must bo put forward In the near east Asia Minor. Armenia, Palestine, Mesopotamia and A rahla or Kuropc will continue to be divided against itself. For these lands, the cradle of civilization, are rleh and have been coveted, especially by Gorman)'. Gor-man)'. Religion undoubtedly will have to be considered In the creation of any new-states, new-states, for t his area cqii tains the fountain foun-tain head of tho world's chief religions Christianity, Judaism and Mohammedanism Mohammedan-ism a cause of no small part of the strife In those regions for ages. But according to Sir Mark Sykes, an authority who has given the problem of : the near east much study, no progress toward betterment of conditions in that area was possible until the Dardanelles and t lie Bosphorus were put beyond the reach of the individual states, and Constantinople Con-stantinople is freed of secret operations of uncontrolled groups of international financiers. Other Big Problems. Afler lhat the problem will be to free Syrians, Jews, Greeks, Kurds, Chaldeans and Arabs from Turkish rule, which, dur- : ing the past few centuries, has endeavored en-deavored to keep those peoples in a state of ignorance and semisavagery. "The cancer of Constantinople must, be cut out of world politics." says isykes. "The Turk holds Constantinople because no one nation in Europe dare trust another an-other with so great a prize. But Turkish guardianship of the straits lias meant tyranny in Asia and dissension in Europe. Eu-rope. So long as the effective mllitary force which dominates the Dardanelles 1 and Bosphorus Is Turkish, so long will Constantinople be the hatching place of wars, the focus of intrigue, both political and financial. "The only remedy is for the straits to be internationalized. Whether the sultan of turkey resides at Constantinople or not is a matter of little consequence. But allied democracy must have a force there sufficient to put its authority beyond be-yond question. K Levantine finance is to continue, as a post-war factor, then one of the root causes of future conflict-s will have been left untouched." Great Work Ahead. 1 Only tho eastern half of Asia Minor, known as Anatolia, may ho considered Turkish, and this is all of the Ottoman Asiatic empire that really is Turkish-made Turkish-made so by massacres of other peoples. This area is larger than Franco and rich In minerals. Some cities, especially along the Agean, have Greek and Christian settlements, set-tlements, but Turks dominate mostly. Thus, pxcludlng the straits, the area about Constantinople and Anatolia might continue as a Turkish nation. Elsewhere development or the various peoples snourn oe permit ten unharmed. But this cannot be accomplished in a few ) years. When peoples have been ground i down like the Armenians, or encouraged in evil like the Kurds, or divided and retarded like the Arabs, says Sykes, they cannot become nations all at once by phrases about self-determination or national na-tional revival. "They must have help." says Sykes. "A period of assistance, sponsorship, edu-I edu-I cation and development must intervene 1 before such peoples can hope to evolve j stable and self-supporting institutions. I We have seen how emancipation and na-t na-t tlonalism uncontrolled and unchecked have worked in the Balkans, where a ' collection of newly invented or revived states have menaced the peace of Europe for the last forty years with their minor policies, ambitions and aggressions. Task for Democracy. "But In the near east there is a material ma-terial wealth and a general desire for improvement. im-provement. If life and property can be. made secure and the material assets of these regions developed, in a decade prosperity, pros-perity, education and general well-being will produco the necessary political elements ele-ments to maintain Individual national existence, ex-istence, ' "The' task of allied democracy Is to supply means for covering this Intervening Inter-vening period of transition. There are areas capable of assuming almost complete com-plete independence, and there are others sunken in the very depths of savagery and anarchy. And none is capable of self-defense. ! "The question of the straits and Con- ! stautinopolitan finance can be settled on a broad international basis by allied democracy de-mocracy talcing direct joint control. The redemption of the non-Ottoman peoples and provinces of tho Ottoman empire can be settled by allied democracy appointing appoint-ing given nations as trustees for fiiven areas under specified conditions, which should guard effectively against any danger dan-ger of annexation, permanent protectorate protec-torate or monopolistic exploitation. This w ould tide over the peoples during the transitional period." |