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Show VAST STEPS TAKEN ID CRUSH GERMAN POWER Much Aid Rendered Allies, but Military Strength Is Still to Be Felt. TM K ninry of America's entry and p:n iiri;iiioii in the war really be-f; be-f; I ris with tin ;i 1 1 noil nc-me n t by lii ntiiiny tit it. joI if of unn-Mtrict-t Niiluniirliif w;ii'f;iV'-. Thin :m-Tiounr :m-Tiounr ''irK'nt. wax nia'U- in tlx latter part of January. Siiiii' that tint'- America bus I m I ." r- I ,i 'vast ;i r 1 1 1 , 1 1 i h sent t housii mis of men to Europe, has extended Ion ns a mounting to billions to 1 he allies, has entered upon h tremendous shipbuilding programme, designed to del cat I hi; German Ger-man .submarine campaign; ban raised enormous KiiiiM by itM Anry loans and Ii;ih g i ven vast encouragement to the 1 1 1 1 1 r . Thus far A m erica 'm military strength In not being lelt. True, American troops nr. in thfs trenches in France; but not in Core-, and ii in . not expected that 1 lu-v will be until probably t hp latter part of l!HN. Kill America i.s performing tho equnllv Imporiani duty of feeding-the feeding-the world the allied world and the neutral world, ho lung an it Is able to demonstrate thai Its foodstuffs and supplies, purchased from tho United States are not finding their way into ( iermn tiv, America has taken part In I he gre;it allied war council ii t Paris. Ilur naval officers have conferred willi tiie British and I'Yeiuh naval chiefs and her fleets arc co-npmaMng with those of the allies in the w;ir zone, tier greatest casualties reuniting f loin the war thu.s far have hern at Ken.. A couple of i ransport s, a torpedo boat or two, have been torpedoed with lo.Mjit-s of life, and several merchant ships have been hunk. On laiUt, America's Amer-ica's casualty lint has not yel grown to crv Rrcat proportions. Some of our Sammies have been killed in trench raids anrl some taken prisoner. Several American Amer-ican soldiers have been killed by German aerlnl raids on hospitals and roncentra-t roncentra-t iii 1 1 and training camps in France. National guard troops have been sent to Krance ami arrived safely. No transports trans-ports loaded with t roops have yet been sunk. Those ira n sport s torpedoed by V-bouts were returning to the United States. What tho American navy hivs been doing in the way of sinking- or apt urine submarines, of course, is not made public, but the British testify to the effect Iveness of American aid In the ant l-U-hoat campaign. The horrors of war have not as yet struck America. There has been an increase in-crease In the cost of foodstuffs at home, partly due to the demands upon us for supplies by the allies and partly due to conditions of war generally. We have gone through a somewhat mild sugar short ago and coal fa mi no, but nothing" compared to whH the French have been compelled to suffer. Some ln.onu.imii young men have registered reg-istered for military service, and the first quota of those registered men are in training camps preparing for service in .France. The aerial programme is reported re-ported to be progressing satisfactorily, nit hough details are not made public. The national guard Is either in France or In training camps at homo training for service abroad. January 11 Reply of the allied powers to President Wilson's peace note is made public in Washington. Allies announce their peace terms include the evacuation evacua-tion of Belgium, restoration of Alsace-1xrralne Alsace-1xrralne and evacuation of occupied portions por-tions of France. January 22 President Wilson, in an address to tiie United States senate, outlines out-lines his proposals for a policy of the I'nited States to procure a lasting world's peace. He urges a peace without victory, freedom of the seas, equality of small nations, etc. January 27 Officially announced in Washington that General Pershing and American punitive expedition are on the way out of Mexico. January 31 Germany announces policy of unrestricted submarine warfare in notes presented to the American ambassador ambas-sador at Berlin, and to the state department, depart-ment, of "I tarred zones." This was the action which had long been feared by neutral and allied governments alike, and was the Incipiency of a policy which ultimately ul-timately brought tiie 1'iiited States into the war. The announcement was recorded as a supererisis for the United States. In her notes the Gorman empire an-! nounced the establishment of "barred zones" around Great Britain. France, , Italy and In the eastern Mediterranean. It was generally considered that the United States government would immedi- ; ately sever diplomatic relations. i Colonel Roosevelt, in a statement, urges the president to ignore the note and seize all German shipping in American porta j iis soon as Germany commences to act on her new programme. February 1 The German freighter Liebenfels, interned at Charleston. S. C, is sunk by her crew in expectation of a break between Germain- and the United, States. February 3 President Wilson in an address to the United States congress a nnounees that he has severed relations with the German empire. The German auxiliary cruisers Kron Prlnz Wilhohn and Frinz F.itel Fried-rich, Fried-rich, interned at t he Philadelphia navy yard, are seised by order of the navv department. February 4 President Wilson in a note to the American diplomatic representatives repre-sentatives abroad urges them to notify neutral governments of A merica's severance sev-erance of relations with Germany and inform them that the president believes1 i; will make for peace in the world if other neutrals should do likewise. j February 5 United States Ambassador' Gerard at Fermi is banded his passports! by the German foreign .office. February 7 The senate passes a resolution reso-lution indorsing the president's action in severing diplomatic relations with Germany. Ger-many. Steamship California torpedoed off the coast of Ireland with one American citizen citi-zen aboard. Secretary of State Landing announces ' hat American merchant shinning may ;,rm for defense against German naval subma fines. February 10 Am bassaoor Gerard, his staff, a ml many American- leave Benin, for Switzerland. The United Sntes so v. eminent announces that it will snpplv naval cuns and sunners for the American Ameri-can merchant marine. February 14 A:n hasa dor von Perns' Pern-s' on';', with iii emhassv staff. manv "''m-.an subjects and German consuls. Ails on The steamship Frederick VII for oneniia gen. The A me: :can school er Lyman M. Law is attacked by a German submarine subma-rine and sunk by a bomb. Tn? a', t crystallizes sentiment in Washington that i lie Per';:i government's actions n re bring ins a termination to the pacific stae. February 16 Ti e stea mship Frederick VIII, wii.i the German ambassador. Von t Bernstorff. on ho;t:"d, is detained at Hali fax by the British and ike vessel aid passengers searched. 1 February 17 Captain Charles A. Polaek of the German passenger !ii:cr Kron-prmzet.-en, test::'yms at an investis-a-; ion in the I'nited S cates court at Fns-'on. Fns-'on. says that the steamship was deliberately delib-erately disabled by her crew while lying interned at Boston in the custody of the I'nited States marshal under direct or-. g .c: s fi o:u the imperial German govern-' m lit. Ft; ty - three I houtiand national guards - f TOTAL. MEN" UKD ARMS. , 'I ' i i Hi' t iof tlte c n ; tit. e cord i a !; and t i. : r a!'. '. es ha '. e T.-cjh, i.nni t-.A - !; c-.:..l ''.iMfj,!- a rr;in.e r, 'j . tu" jieat Britain ... 5. '.". j'j '. ;i I .' ':,''!,' " I Japan 1, Mj 0 . j -1 I.":.! t c J States ... l,"inj,ir.J ,iir,t 4 ' ,(' ' ' H jrnan.a :'. jO.O'ju i Serbia ;:ntj,iVnj I l.-iiiiin :,irt,ijittj I . : .Motii.-iie'io . ... Jj'.'.iii) -,r,e' e SOO.a-ju Portugal 2-V,)'-" ; I.iii.-r;a i'' I Hiurn C'j.'J'J ';:'. a 11, UM1) i 'P.u-.-ia has not. abrogated her ireaiy alliame wiii: tiie entente cordiale. but 1 I tax ifciined to tuinll iitr o'niigatiuns to tne other si-Jnaturles of tne interenteiitc- ' UealieK. ! The central alliance and its allies have ",iJuO,0'"u suldiers bearing arms. j German empires 7,f"W,UUi A List ria-Hungary 3,oo0. o0j j Tui-ki-iit empire 300,000 Bulgaria vu.OO'j (The personnel of the belligerents' navies are not Included in tho figures.) I . men are ordered to their state headquarters headquar-ters from the Mexican border. February 19 A roused to a frenzy by the high price of foodstuffs, women of the tenements riot in Ntw York. February 20 Food riots continue in New York. Thona nds of women march to i lie city hall, demanding food. February 22 Food rioting by women takes place in Philadelphia. February 23 The United States freighter Orleans, ono of the first. American mere ha ntmen to brave t lie Gemian submarine zone, arrives safely at Bordeaux and i3 feted by the townspeople. towns-people. February 26 President Wilson in an add reea to congress asks authority to arm American merchantmen for defense aa inst German submarines. February 27 London announces that twelve person h. including three Americans, Ameri-cans, were killed when tho Cunarder Laconia was torpedoed by a U-boal. February 23 Announcement is made in Washington that Germany, in a secret diplomatic note to the German ambassador ambassa-dor to Mexico, proposed aji alliance between be-tween the. German empire, the Japanese empire and tho republic of Mexico to make war on the United States. Mexico was to receive general financial support from Germany and fhe return (In case of successful war; to her of Texas and Arizona. March 1 The house of representatives at Washington passes a resolution authorizing au-thorizing the president to arm American merchant ships for defense. March 3 Filibustering adopted in the senate by a small group of senators places In jeopardy tiie fate of the armed shipping bill. M arch 4 President Wilson takes the oath of office administered by Chief Justice White of the United States supreme su-preme court, beginning his second term as president of the I'nited States. The president in a statement to the nation asserts that "a little group of wilful men have rendered the great government gov-ernment of the I'nited States helpless" by reason of their filibustering in the senate to hold up the armed ship bill. Armed ship bill is killed In the senate in the closing hours of the Sixty-fourth congress. President culls for a change of rules in the senate which will prevent further obstruction by filibustering. The twelve senators who opposed the armed ship bill are denounced throughout the country. March 9 President TTUson calls congress con-gress in extra session to meet April 16. Announces that he will arm merchant shipping without "waiting for authority from congress. March 12 The United States government govern-ment notifies all nations that American merchant ships are armed for defense against submarines. - Ambassador James W. Gerard lands at Key West from Havana, on his return to the United fe'tates from Berlin, via France. Spain and Cuba. March 18 Announcement is made in London of the sinking of three American steamships, Cltv of Memphis, City of Illinois Il-linois and the Yigilaneia, by German U-boats. U-boats. Manch 21 President "Wilson issues a call for a special session of congress to take place on April 2 instead of April 16. War proclamation is expected. March 22 Mass meeting of 15,000 persons per-sons at Madison Square Garden, New York, adopts resolution calling upon congress con-gress to declare war against Germany. The American oil tanker Henldton is sunk without warning by a German submarine. sub-marine. Twenty reported lost. March 24 The United States recalls its minister to Belgium and ends participation par-ticipation in Belgian relief. March 25 President Wilson orders mobilization of the navy. March 28 The United States proceeds with mobilization of the national guard. April 2 President Wilson in an address to congress asks that . a state of war be declared between the United States and the Imperial German government. He declares the acts of Germany have been acts of war against the I'nited States and asks authority to use "all of the military and other resources of the United States to bring the German government to terms and bring peace to the world." The steamer Aztec, the second armed American merchant vessel to sail from the United States, is torpedoed and sunk by a German submarine eff the French coast. April 4 The senate of the United States passes the war resolution by a vote of S2 to 6. April 6 Secretary of the Treasury Mc-Adoo Mc-Adoo asks congress to authorize Sr., 502.-5CS.620 502.-5CS.620 to provide for extraordinary expansion ex-pansion of the military forces and government gov-ernment departments to meet the requirements re-quirements of war. General staff bill providing for the raising of a million men for the army within a year is introduced in congress. April 6 I'nited States marshals throughout the country arrest sixty-five enemy aliens suspected of plotting against the United States. April 8 The house of representatives rasses resolution declaring state of war and defining regulations which shall apple ap-ple to enemv aliens in the I'nited States. The United States authorities at New York seize- eighteen German liners interned in-terned there since the beginning of the war. April 9 Secretarv of the Treasury "Mc-Adoo "Mc-Adoo announces that the immediate financial proposal of the government is a five-mUlion-dollar loan. Austria-Hungary severs diplomatic relations re-lations with the I'nited States. Federal authorities seize fourteen Austrian Aus-trian merchant ships interned at New York. April 13 It is announced in London that Rear Admiral William S. Sims. United States navy, heading a mission of American naval officers, had arrived safely safe-ly in England. April 14 The house of representatives paes ST, 000.0 00. 000 war measure. April 21 Arthur James Balfour, secretary secre-tary of state for foreign affairs for Great Britain, and a party of other distinguished British statesmen and military men. lands in the United States for a war conference confer-ence at Washington. April 22 Arthur James Balfour, British Brit-ish secretary of state for foreign affairs, arrives at Washington, after having disembarked dis-embarked with his party at an unnamed Atlantic port. April 24 Joseph .Toff re. marshal of France, tiie leader who stopped the Teutons Teu-tons at the Marne. and other members of the French war mission arrive in tiie I'nited States and proceeded to Washington. Washing-ton. April 25 Marsha! JofTre and Rene Vi-v:ani. Vi-v:ani. with other French war commissioners, commis-sioners, receive ovations from enthusiastic thousands on arrival in Washington. American merchant ship Mongolia sinks a German submarine, drawing first blood for America. April 28 By overwhelming majorities, both the seriate and the house pass the selective coifecrintion bill. The war department a i. no uncos rns to raise an army of 2'0O.tnio conscripts. May 4 Count Adam Tarnowski, Austrian Aus-trian ambassador to the United States. I who had rot been rc-ofrnir-r l ns i wji I however, sails for home with his embassv staif arrJ Austrian consuls. May 10 l ii.rloo Ai lotta. minister of transnortai ion in the Italian cabinet, and a party of Italian war commissioners arrive ar-rive at New York on way to Washington tor war conference. May 16 Announcement made that a squadron of American torpedo-boat destroyers de-stroyers has safely crossed the ocean and Is patrolling the seas in co-oporaiion with the. British navy. May 18 The war department orders ..j.OOO regular army troops to Franco to be commanded by General John J. Persuing. Per-suing. President Wilson signs the conscription bill anrl issues a proclamation that all men or the United States between the ages of 21 andx30 are to register on June o, 1917. May 19 President Wilson names Herbert Her-bert i. . Hoover United States food administrator, ad-ministrator, placing the entire food problem prob-lem m his hands. . May 21 Two trained nurses, passen-Sers passen-Sers on the steamship Mongolia, were killed when part of a defective shell used m target practice boomeranged. it was announced by tho navy department. May 23 The first detachment of American Amer-ican troops United Slates army engineersarrives engi-neersarrives in London, England. mV ?TuRear AdmiraI Mima, in command com-mand of the American naval force In Vecadmiraat0rS' !aiaCd to the ranlt of ! sl.hlahin1TAfI"Vn'slranon pre'ts orison- vo oTUa to uted in lIlc houee b' a mTiVnV'"nne PacIfists a arrested in all J? '!"', "if. United .states on charges ot resisting the selective conscription law. bornnoh4rA'maef- me0,in" 1,1 th onx "CiXT' 1,1 pro,est Tt is aniioiinrerl from an unnamed Russian Rus-sian port that Elilu, Root, hea" of the American mission . to Ruia inrt l u Party have arrived safelvYn Russia ami are proceeding to Petrograd a"C' tUene(1's ?'" J.- men . tor mmtarv -1."id -1 are registered Unitd .Stales in erVUe, ,h''sli.t the le'uve1 nserip'tVn0!3"06 W,,h 'he Se" from eth7n;v1v'nflrf Amerln aviators American- o cors' the fll'st safelv 2 111 Fra''e. arrived saleij, ,t 1S announced in Washington theXitVshwIr N?rt.hcllfr". chairman of York mission, arrives in New vaJstn?hr,?n!?eneral, .Pershlnfr hailed by Fran, e! S n his arriva' in slo'lo R?,sts.a'ld 'i16 American war mission mis-sion to Russia arrive In Petrograd June 15 The first Liberty loan of 1917 closes heavily oversubscribed mJraSa--t aWe'drM W,th con"" i-iveUsn,!n1,,;fngBto,nS:,an "f v;iuw ?7 Annunement Is made from "sto" ;hat thousands of American rogulais and marines have landed in board by P1"83"""1' Wls0 the sniping theUi?7Th!,Amerlean steamer Orleans, the hrat American merchant ship to brave tne submarine war zone, is sSnk by I German submarine. July 9Emma ooldman and Alexander vioHEafLare rnYicle6 0t aspiring to violate the selective draft law and are Seen,fdd ,'V-n-'0 ye.ars' imprisonment drin- X "S.n lssue? a Proclamation JiflSenUce? ,nto paisersSo.Oh000Urv,a?ifonr",eSentat'VeS July 20 Drawing of the draft numbers of registered men takes place at Washington. Wash-ington. July 24Major General Goethals. general gen-eral manager of the emergency fleet corporation, cor-poration, and William Den man, chairman of the shipping board, resign. Edward N". Hurley succeeds Denman and Rear Admiral Capps takes the place of General Goethals. August 8 The United States senate, by a vote of 66 to 7, passes the administration admin-istration food bill. August 10 President Wilson signs the food bill and Immediately appoints Herbert Her-bert C. Hoover as national food administrator. admin-istrator. August 14 The war deoartment appoints ap-points Major General William A. Mann to command the first division of national guard troops, known as "The Rainbow division." to go to France. August 23 President Wilson appoints Dr. Harry A. Garfield, president of Williams Wil-liams college, coal administrator, and fixes the price of coal at the mines from S-4 to S3s30 a ton. August 28 President Wilson, in a note to the Vatican, rejects tiie pooe's peace plea, asserting that the present government govern-ment of Germany cannot be trusted. AUGUST 31. Pacifists of the People's Peace council, having been refused permission to hold meetings in Milwaukee and several other cities, arrive in Chicago for a convention there. SEPTEMBER 1. National guardsmen and police of Chicago, Chi-cago, under orders from Governor Low-den Low-den of Illinois, break up a meeting of the People's Peace council. SEPTEMBER 5. By a vote of 72 to 7. the senate placed a 32 per cent tax on all war protits. SEPTEMBER 8. Secret ary of State Lansing reveals Swedish diplomats as secret aides to Germans in sinking merchant ships. Copies of communications from Count von Lux burg. German envoy to the Argentine, Ar-gentine, transmitted to Berlin tli rough the Swedish legation at Buenos Aires, are made public. SEPTEMBER 10. The senate passes the war tax bill levying levy-ing a gross tax estimated to provide $2.-406. $2.-406. 670, uw. SEPTEMBER 13. Secretary of State Lansiii-j. in new disclosures, dis-closures, reveals that t!:e Swedish minister min-ister to Mexico had furnished information informa-tion regarding allied acu cities to the German legation there, It being planned to present him with an imperial decoration decora-tion as a reward. SEPTEMBER 28. A prand jury at Chicago returns a blanket indictment against ltiS loaders of the 1. W. W.. . barging a nation-wide conspiracy to hamper the go eminent in the war. OCTOBER 2. The senate adonis tiie war revenue bill, estimated to produce CJ,o:;c.0i'i0,m00. OCTOEER 4. Major General Joan J. Pershing- is raised to the rank of full general. OCTOBER 5. Sen at commit' ce on privileges and elections votes to in ves v.-z. : i.e speeches of Senator I .a Foliettt- of Wisconsin. OCTOBER 6. ; great war congress of the "United States comes to an end. OCTOBER 17. An unnamed American destroyer is torpedoed in the war zone, but makes port. One man is killed and five wounded. OCTOBER 19. The American army transport Antilles is sunk by a German submarine while returning from France. Seventy of the 237 persons aboard are reported missing. OCTOBER 27. Secretary of the Treasury McAdoo announces an-nounces that the second Liberty loan of 1917, ended this date, was an overwhelming overwhelm-ing success. Unofficial reports indicate that it has passed the maximum figure of 5,000.000,000, with a probable oversubscription over-subscription of S300,t700, 000. OCTOBER 27. A trench raid on the American -German front is successfully negotiated, i American troopers for the first time go into action. NOVEMBER 2. Tt is announced in Washington that eight persons were killed when the United States army transport Finland was torpedoed tor-pedoed by a German submarine. The Finland made port safely. NOVEMBER 3. The imperial German war office reports the first American prisoners captured. NOVEMBER 3. Under cover of the intense barrage and drumfire, German infantry raids the American lines, killing three American troopers, wounding five and capturing twelve. November 6 The American patrol boat Alcedo is torpedoed and sunk by a German Ger-man submarine in the war zone, according accord-ing to an announcement made by the navy department. One officer and twenty enlisted men are missing. November 7 American positions on the American-German line are shelled by enemy en-emy artillery. First American killed in action in France is buried, following impressive ceremonies participated in by French and American officers. The American war mission, headed by Colonel E. M. House, arrives at a British port to attend a conference of the allies at Paris. Secretary of the Treasury McAdoo officially of-ficially announces that the second Libertv loan of 1917 reached the figure of $4,617,-632,300 $4,617,-632,300 subscribed to by 9,400,000 persons. November 8 The American war mission, mis-sion, headed by Colonel E. M. House, arrives in London, England. November 14 The American troops in France meet and defeat a German patrol in no man's land, killing and wounding a number of the enemy. November 15 Lord NorthcUffe, chair- -man of the British war mission to the United States, on his return to London warns Premier Lloyd George that unless there is swift improvement in the manner in which the war is being conducted, the United States may become disgusted and take over the control of the war. November 19 Secretary of the Navy Daniels in a statemen t at Washington declares that the German U-boats are no longer a serious menace. November 20 United States" destroyer Chauncey sinks after a collision in the war zone with a loss of twenty-one lives. November 22 -American war mission, headed by Colonel E. M. House, arrived in Paris. November 27 Shortage of oal throughout the United States becomes acute, but is felt most severely in northeastern north-eastern states. Dr. Garfield. United States coal administrator, is asked to J rush a supply to famine centers. j November 29 Groat interallied war ' council orens in Paris, with the United States and fourteen other nations at war j with Germany participating. j November 30 Announced that the "Rainbow division." composed of national na-tional guardsmen from practieaiiv every state. has arrived In France and is training train-ing under Pershing. December 2 War savings stamps and cert i ficates. America's newest pian for raising w ar funds, are placed on saie throughout the eountiy. Parties of American engineers take part in the Cam bra i battle when they are surprised at work by t.:e Germans. December 4 President Wilson in an address to congress call? for a declaration declara-tion or" war against Austi ia-Hungai y. December 6 American cities rush relief re-lief trains and Red Cross units ro Tdaii-:'ax Tdaii-:'ax when 2 per sons are ki: led. thou- ; sand? injured and oiher thousands made homeless by the explosion uf the i Freii'-h munition? ship Mont Blanc, I following a collision In the hr.rnor with ! the Belgian relief ship Imo. Half of i::o' city of ilaiifax is reported destroyed and I in flames. December 7 A joint resolution i adopted by tiie senate and house de-c'ares de-c'ares a sta to of wa r t exist no: weon the I'nited Suites and A us; ria-II unwary. December 8 Untied Slates destroyer |
