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Show HnwQiofifoPi oci iQbrtPriOutliDI IW1S IMosf Persons Are Surprisingly "Two- .jjj r.'i&mH$&- I Faced' If I 0 rail a man or woman "two-I "two-I faced" is to offer an insult, and yet that is exactly what almost everybody deserves to be called. In the sense that there is a radical difference between the two sides of our faces, that the right side is seldom anything like a duplicate of the left side, almost all of us are "two-faced." Science finds that it is very rare, indeed, in-deed, for any human face to show anything any-thing like perfect symmetry in its two sides. Although the extent to which the two sides differ is often not apparent as we look at the face itself, it can bo made plain by some simple and very interesting in-teresting experiments with photograph". Take a full-face photograph of a person per-son and cut it in two lengthwise halves, through the exact middle of the nose. Make a photograph of the left-hand side of the picture reversing it so that it will look as if were the right-hand side. Join the resulting picture to the left-hand left-hand side of the photograph with which you started and you will, in most cases, have a face that looks quite different from the one in the original photograph. Repeat this process with the right-hand right-hand side of the face and you will get a picture that looks very little like the original and also is quite different from the one obtained by matching up the two left sides. What astonishing results can be obtained ob-tained by experiments of this kind are shown by the photographs of President Harding and William Jennings Bryan, reproduced on this page. Both the Hard-intr Hard-intr and Bryan faces look quite svnv I metrical, quite alike in shape and size, but we see that there is a wide difference be-tween be-tween them when we mat li JbSSL up the right-hand side with SBuk another right and the left- flRSiKfl hand side with another left. VgnHg Mary Garden has a fncp MB that seems much more symmetrical sym-metrical than the average person's, but here, again, our eyes are deceiving us. She would take on quite a BSStm different appearance- if the flHHfl right-hand side of her face were an .tiflBHH exact duplicate of the left, and she be- comes still another f' ''.Sltf woman when the A left-hand side is f duplicated on the rpjk right If either of VTOBl these changes should take place vtm some night while t3 Miss Garden lay Li RBleep she would hardly recognize herself when she looked into the mirror on her dressing table the next morning. Still more surprising results are obtained" ob-tained" by applying these experiments to the charming Fairbanks Twins By duplicating du-plicating one twin's left-hand face on the right side and by duplicating the other'6 right-hand face on the left side we get two faces that show little or no resemblance to each other, and also that look not at all like either of the actual twim. Beauty lovers should be thankful that the Fairbanks Twins were not born with symmetrical faces, for, the photographs pho-tographs on this page show, they would have been robbed of most of the charm that has made them famous if both sides of their faces had been just alike j These experiments with human faces re interesting not only because of the-surprising the-surprising and grotesque result they often give, but because they lend support to the new scientific theory that every mother's son or daughter of us started out to be twins and was only prevented by an odd accident of nature from coming com-ing into the world along with a little brother or sister. The bodies of what are known as fraternal fra-ternal twins those who had their origin ori-gin in a pair of separate cells are gel- Mary Garden jjBpy wt: 'SSSlni as she actually ?U"!'' ' jHH: the left side; c metrical, but ' quite a differ- I ence between the two sides y . .. ' 0 . "r'v .i at - ,L. u inp . M ' . ' ;' ' ' ne of the Fairbanks Twins would fflHRrQlPF : Jt- with the left-hand iidc of her face duplicated on the right; and the HHgfvnlr, mx8E&m HQSr Wit lower, how the other twin would look If both The Fairbanks Twins as they really are, with faces very lovely in spite of the fact that nature's twinning process has not made the two sides of them quite symmetrical dom exact duplicates of one another, but only show a strong tendency to similarity. simi-larity. So with most of us who were born singly, the two sides of our bodies show considerable variation, as our experiments ex-periments with photographs of various faces have shown. But the tendency always al-ways is, just as it is in the case of the fratertiul twins, for the two sides to be alike Occasionally, however, we find what science calls "bilateral individuals" persons whose two sides are exactly ulike. Such persons, according to Dr. Arnold Gesell, director of the Yale Psycho-Clinic, at New Haven, Conn., owe the symmetry of their bodies to just such a twinning process as that which produces pro-duces what are known as duplicate twins. Duplicate twins are always of the same sex. They resemble one another an-other much more closely than fraternal twins and they are believed to originate from a single cell, Instead of from two separate ones. "The human individual," says A Dr. Gesell in a recent issue of I "The Scientific Monthly," "is undoubtedly derived from a single fertilized cell. From this cell, through a process of symmetrical sym-metrical division, develop all his right and left hand homologous organs and the right and left halves of his 'unpaired' organs and structures. He is a product S of developmental duplicity. "Now in the case of true, com- X plete, duplicate twins this process proc-ess of duplication has been carried car-ried to such a degree that two offsprings result from the single cell, instead of one symmetrical Individual A perfectly symmetrical bilateral individual, on the one hand, and a perfect pair of duplicated dupli-cated individuals on the other, represent repre-sent the ideal extremes of the process of twinning. "Between these extremes there are many gradations and deviations, some of them benign, others monstrous, in character. Instead of a full twinning of 0 the whole body there may be twinning of various parts, or only of one part. For example, in one typo of twinship I the size of the head and the presence of two noses may be the only sign of twin- I ship." The whole subject of twins is one in which science takes an extraordinary in- I barest. If we could solve with any com- i pletcnoss the reasons for the resem- I Miss Garden as sne v """" would look if both sides of her face were the same as n the right, as she would look if both sides were the same as the right vM blanccs shown by even one pair of duplicate du-plicate twins it is believed that we shounl bo throwing valuable light on some of the most 'puzzling problems of heredity development and education "Dr. Morton Prince has called double personality a veritable gold mine for the study of psychological phtnomena." say.-Dr. say.-Dr. Gesell "Duplicate twins represent double personality in a different but no less significant sense." Dr. C. H. Danforth, anatomist 'f the Washington University School of Medicine, Medi-cine, has been making an exhaustive ttidy of the physical characteristics of twins and the degree of their resemblance. resem-blance. Duplicate twins, as Dr. Danforth x-plain.s x-plain.s in a recent issue of "The Journal of Heredity." do not vary in height over a quarter of an inch nor in weight oVl a pound or two, nor in eye ami hair color. Other agreements are in shape of head, gait, sound of voice, reaction to foods and susceptibility to identical diseases. dis-eases. There is further agrecihenl in Kkes and dislikes, in preferences, mental men-tal and moral traits, affections, eU.' In fraternal twins most of these agreements agree-ments go by the board, with different heights, weights, like5, dislikes, different color of hair and eyes, different sicknesses, sick-nesses, affections and characteristics in general. The differences between them are such as obtain between brothers nn.i sislers generally. One phenomenon is identical handwriting. "There is the matter of nght-hande-J-n ess" ;t ii r I bft-handedn ess." says Dr. Danforth. "A rather surprising number num-ber of twins seem to be opposites in this respect, one right-handed and one left-handed These are cases of 'mirror images,' with heart and other viscera re-versed re-versed in their Symmetry, "It may he due to twin babies being placed in bed facing each other, and if care is not taken to change them about frequently their heads become asymmetrical asymmet-rical on opposite sides. This may possibly pos-sibly affect the hemisphere of the brain differently, and certainly influences the amount of use that is made of the left band in one infant and the right in the other. Notwithstanding this feature, the handwriting of duplicate twins is practically identical." Much is said concerning the best results re-sults matrimonially of a pair who are opposites in most matters, as getting through life more happily than a pair of more identical tastes. But, no; the latter condition wins on investigation. "Most pairs of parents with twins," ; s Dr. Danforth, "have many points in . amnion, perhaps selecting each other on the basis "r community of physical as well as mental traits "In su' h mating the possible average of combination traits within a given family is somewhat reduced and the likelihood of children with similar germ plasm correspondingly increased. This would account for the hereditary resemblances resem-blances of fraternal twins, also. "It is difficult, by the way, to get firsthand first-hand data from fraternal twins. They don't seem to interest each other nor to make use of the fact that they have a twin brother or sister, a result of coming com-ing from two radically different cells, fertilized simultaneously We got verv few responses from this type, and these not very satisfactory, out of thousands 6f questionnaires sent out. Such twins differ widely in general appearance, size, mental capacity and tastes, are likely to leave school at different times and generally gen-erally drift apart." Science's advice to parents who desire de-sire their children to be like themselves is that they, the parents, must be components, com-ponents, not opponents that like must wed with like, the same color of hair and eyes, if possible, If not, any wav Lhe same likes and dislikes, the safne tastes and physical and mental attri DUtes, and the same general attitude to WBSs tfflBM 11 ',. ; .J I7 1 1 .31 ! L, J; William Jennings liryan as iie wod look (above) if the left side of I face were duplicated on ihe rfgH and (below) if the right side weve duplicated on the left -J li How President Harding would jfl (above) if both sides of his f ere hke the right side, and (H 'w) if both slides were like tlH wrd all the various problems otW ' Recent investigations lead to thfHB that the htters of dogs and other'H rnals are a result of the same condVQj that produce identical human twinH striking similarities shown bv mdir& members of the litters are. it is thS Jue to the fact of their being delt? roni ' perm plasm. |