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Show RICUFlSARElDE li UIAR MOUND ROUS Pamphlet Prepared by Former For-mer Utahn Describes Explorations. Investigations Show Activities Activi-ties of Race of Ancient Inhabitants. Out; of liie ino.Mt recent and i n 1 cres t i shirt. -m of l'h.: iif'i.iieulc-y uf I'lah Is r-on-tairn-d in ;i pamphlet on M'i'-ntifie lnves-tl:;af lnves-tl:;af ion.s nf the n h mid - ru i n:i near r';i ra-fc-MNih, Iron e.iinl, written by Nie! M. Judii, formeri;- of the I ' n i ver.sl t v of I'lali .in, novv li'-ad r,f the department of arcli-j arcli-j ;i r-ulf.-v of he. New Nil t if ma I M n.soum, U :.mIilmk , I i. i . Mr. .hid. IV ;irtiee fluffs Hh origin in :i Imril eypedil mil 1 1 J if h i' l a I; ei 1 In I !l 1 7 hy Hie r-'rnil h-unian f nM 1 1 u 1 1 m and the Tnix'.ir-f Tnix'.ir-f ttv of I'li.li, al Ihe iv-pret. uf the hitter. .Ml'. .lu.M diie. le.l the worlc, with the. ,-o-operulion ul President John A. Wldtsoc and I'rtil'es.s'ir Levi Kdar Viiiiii' and with the aeiiw ;i:-.si:,Lan e of Alidr:W A. Kerr UH field n-presi-jitativtv Kii'le tlueliin-H of eiiith wrC uncovered ' on this expedition idid 1 1 1 lan ti lira of minor a n I n i I ie.s were found, taeh of -which i.s ih, own Icey lo Die dully activi- j i ten and i ml nsf r n-s of l lie ancient house i nii!dei-H. according to Mr. Jmid'.s nota- lions. The mide houses .showed the ea- 1 laMi.-dniicnt of a compact eninmiinity, with ! a dei'inile .social organization. I Mig Mound" Chosen. The parly reached I'antwonah parly in .luly and at once centered It m attention upon an elevation known locally as "t lie lii' nioiind," a hmce Unoll measuring up- I proximn I cly Lr.'.". feci in dianu:ter and ton 1'cet hih. This mound wan ehn.sen for, feveru! reasons. The most important wixa Hint it was the largest complete knoll in I lhat vicinity and promised more perfect. I examples of a P'h 1 1 ee t n re and deeper court ! deposits than adjacent mounds. It was . also in Ihe way of proposed improvements li ml was- i in mine nl 1 In da iik-t of eorn-. eorn-. i 1 - t e red ucl ion. with final loss of its archaeological contents. ' "The nm-i'd hlanket of saehrush which covered i lie mound was first cut and lui rued." I lie pa mphlet reads. "Trenches were then l.e'im in several places, in .sea rcli of w a lis ami floors. The actual Work of excavation was done with shovels; shov-els; iriiins n nd scrapers heincr employed only iii removing the earth which had heen examined and thrown out hy the workmen. work-men. This method, although slower, resulted re-sulted in more extensive collections of small artifacts and insured, also, greater accuracy in t ravine; the various floor lei-els a nd house w alls, some of which were determined only with the greatest difficulty o wim,' to ihelr coloration and to the compact condition of the surrounding surround-ing soil. When house remains were encountered en-countered I hey were in i media tely exposed, provided o ronneelinc: structures were ' uiscoercd which required previous at- tcntion." ! Used for AYorship. i iinne oh j eels and ornaments of many shapes and .sizes, and in various decrees of completion, wer.e found in unexpected mnnhfrs. according to .Mr. Judd in his recent, pamphlet. "Anions this mass of worked and unworked material there may he recognized st el till fni intents of sueh ' animals as the deer, antelope, mountain sheep, hear and various smaller mam-nials." mam-nials." r. Judd said. "There are also a few fragments of heavy antler which np-pear np-pear to he elk and several pieces of large, w ork ei huno t hat have heen tentatively identified as those of the huffalo. All ; of these, taken toget her. indicate that the ancient house builders were persistent hunters and tha t t lie animals killed not onl contributed largely to their food snim'.y, hut formed, also, the chief source ;f five of the materials most essential to tiie e.c,.riumic pursuits of the comnmnitv.'-Amoiii,- the structures concealed hy the Un mound excavated were circular rooms :i'nt i,te remains of possibly a number of ceremonial rooms, similar to those discovered dis-covered by Pean llyron PumnilnErs, formerly of the T'niversity of 'tali. Although Al-though some of these structures lack some of the structural details of the ancient an-cient cliff dwellings they were evidently used for the purpose of worshiping the miu god. the moon mother and the gods :f war. The chief results of the recent Smithsonian Smith-sonian liistitutiou-T'niversity of X ' tali expedition ex-pedition was the successful exposure of some fortv odd houses and numerous associated as-sociated structures, comprising the greater irt of an extensive prehistoric village. These w ere of diM inet types, grouped to form a single compact eommunitv. The more permanent dwellings were of adobe, huilt up usually in course and smoothed or plastered on the inside and the secondary sec-ondary buildings may be described as brusli shelters, the living quarters of the villagers. L'opies Sent to "U." Large numbers of artifacts were recovered re-covered from' the refuse .heaps which :''!!cd the open soaces between the houses. Most o;" these are of bone and stone but ;-.:arred fragments of more perishable materials were also found, and all of :hem. taken toi;eth?t indicate that the indent artisans possessed considerable ,:;'-;einhty and attained creditable results iUh their crude implements. Among the' .thjects collected are many shards of j arihen ware vessels decorated with .-eomctric figures of a type common to prehistoric communities south' and east f tiie Ivio Lolorado river. inasmuch as Icoorative motives did not change readily nuong the ancient house builders of the -out Invest tiiis similarity in pottery de-jicrn de-jicrn is no t e wort iv. The artifacts discovered in the mounds f southern I'tali were equally divided between the I'niversity of I'lah and the j Smithsonian Institution of Washington, i Mr. Judd recently rem rued to Wnsh-pgtou Wnsh-pgtou after a two montas' expedition in I "he ancient ciiff-d weilers' homes of j .oetbern Ltah. S"eral hundred couies of this pamphlet! ia e heen mailed to the I'niversity of ."tah to be used by the department of rciiaeologv under the direction of Tro-cssor Tro-cssor Young. 1 . |
