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Show UTAH WOMEN DO NOT APPRECIATE THEIR RIGHT OF SUFffliE, Sffi The Ogden Historical society met this afternoon at tho University club rooms on Washington avenue. Tho president, Mrs. W. H. Meal, and Mrs. D. H. Adams were- hostesses. Mrs IT. B. Johnston gave an interesting talk on the American Red Cross work. Mrs. II. B. Johnston gave an interesting inter-esting talk on the American Red Cross work. The club appointed as' delegates to the Federation of Clubs Mrs. S. S. Smith, Mrs. Robert Reynolds Rey-nolds and Mrs. J. A. McGee. Mrs. Josophino Hirst gave a splendid splen-did paper on "History of Utah," which follows: History of Utah. Utah is a corruption of tho word "Eutaw," tho name of a tribo of Indians. In-dians. It was explored by two Franciscan Fran-ciscan monks, Escalantc and Domin-guez, Domin-guez, in 1776. As a result of this ox ploration this territory was a part of Mexico when settled by the Mormon people under the leadership of Brig-ham Brig-ham Young in 19-17. As a result of the war between the United Statos and Mexico in 1848, Utah was made a part of this country and became a duly organized territory in 1S50. with Brig-ham Brig-ham Young appointed as its first governor, gov-ernor, an offico he held for seven years. Like all pioneers, the early sottlers suffered tho hardships and privations of frontier life, but their deeply conceived con-ceived religious faith, and their indomitable indom-itable will and industry meant success, suc-cess, and sustained them when in these first years of lifo in a now country coun-try they beheld wild and desort lands, the hostile Indians and the grea,t problems of how to obta.in tho necessities neces-sities of lifo. With courage they set themselves to tho task of building rude homos for shelter, of clearing and plowing the land and getting the water thereon that they might raise the precious grains to appease hunger and to Bus-tain Bus-tain lifo. These people were Industrious Indus-trious and thrifty. Thoy worked early and late, and with a zeal that from the first insured future prosperity. They believed that Dlvino Providence who had directed them to this place In the wilderness would crown their efforts with succoss. Their faith was justified, for slowly and with many privations their numbers Increased till thoy be-camo be-camo a duly recognized commonwealth common-wealth under the laws of the constitution constitu-tion of tho United States. Before being admitted as a territory terri-tory of tho United States, Utah was known by the name of "Deseret," meaning honey-bee. From this the beehivo as a state emblem was chosen as being typical of the industry and thrift of the people. In 1862 gold and sliver mines wore opened at Bingham under tho direction direc-tion of General Patrick Connor. This was a new industry and one destined to become one of the greatest sources of wealth. Today Utah is one of tho foremost mining slates and ranks high in tho production of silver, lead, copper and gold, as well as in many other valuable minerals. The pony express was started between be-tween Salt Lake City and tho Missouri river in 1862 and the overland stage and telegraph lines as early as 1848. In 1869 the great transcontinental lines of the Union Pacific and tho Central Cen-tral Pacific railways were completed across the northern part of the state. These afforded direct communication with both the Atlantic and Pacific seaboards sea-boards and assisted largely in developing develop-ing tho stato, especially the northern part, wherein are located tie largest cities and towns. Educational work began early, and in three yoars after the first white settlement set-tlement was planted the Utah sta.te university was founded. Today this institution has an enrollment of 1,76-1 students, excluslvo of tho elementary training school. The Agricultural college col-lege at Logan has a registration of 610 students of college grade and 235 of high school and winter course; added to this are summer school, correspondence, cor-respondence, round-ups and housekeepers' housekeep-ers' conference, making a total registration regis-tration of 3,099. In forty-flvo high schools, 10,000 students are being educated edu-cated at the oxpense of the stato, which Professor Mosiah Hall, stato high school inspector, says "Is the birthright of evory American boy and girl." About 100,000 pupils aro instructed in-structed this year In tho public schools of our stato. In addition to this there aro six Indian schools, maintained by the government, within tho confines of the state. Twenty-two churches enjoy freedom of worship in the stato of Utah.' The Mormon church roprosonts tho dominant domi-nant faith and has approximately a membership of 286,149 followers, and church property valued at $15,000,000. It claims more than 2,000 ordained ministers and moro than twice that number of unordaincd ministers. Next to this church In point of numbors and wealth Is tho Roman Catholic, and a cIobo competitor of tho latter is the Episcopal. Presbyterian, MethodlBt and Congregational have approximately approxi-mately about tho same membership and amount of church property. All of tho abovo churchos maintain excellent schools, somo of tbem offering collegiate col-legiate courses. Utah was tho third state to confer upon womon tho right of suffrage. To my mind it is doubtful if tho women, at least a majority of women, sense tho big possibilities of tho franchise in dealing with the political quostlona of tho day. But surely there was on awakenng last presidential oloctlon, when tho liquor Interests of tho state wcro squeezed out of existence and prohibition was instituted. Was It the silent voto of women who stood for happier homos and moro decent surroundings sur-roundings that tipped lie vote in favor of justice and righteousness? ThlB wo cannot answer, but we, who long havo favored prohibition, are supremely thankful that our stato, our glorious Utah, is redeemed from tho throttling grasp of drunkenneBB and the many sins and Inheritances that follow In its train. Physical Features. Utah lies mostly In the Great Basin. Its extromo width is 275 miles and Its extreme length 345 miles. It is a land of mountains, topped with snowy peaks and seamed with wild and rugged canyons; of beautiful lakes and icrtilo valleys that smile with verdure; of vast forests aa yot undeveloped and littlo known; df deserts that seemingly seem-ingly frown on man's endeavors, but which are not without beauty and use-' fulnoss; a land of sunny blue skies, an ' abundant water supply and climatic features conducive to the best health; a land of natural resources that lock ', within themselves boundless sourq.es of wealth and opportunity. Its drainage system may be divided I into two parts, the Colorado system,' and that of tho Great Basin, whose rivers flow Into salt lakes, or lakes' with no outlets to the sea. The Colo-j rado systom drains the eastern and I southeastern parts of the state. The, part lying within the Great Basin is i drained by rivers flowing into Great Salt Lako, Sevier lake and minor salt lakes. Tho great American desert lies west and southwest of Great Salt Lake. Only a small portion of the stato lies at an olovation of 4,000 feet above sea level. Broad elevated plateaus, 1 deeply cut by canyons and narrow1 stream gores, aro typographical feat-! ures of tho eastern and southeastern I part of the slate. The steep sides of J tlicso plateaus separate the westorn from tho eastern part. Tho climate is known as continental and denotes no very great extremes. The coldest weather Is in January, the hottest is In July. Tho average weather tempera-turo tempera-turo for the year Is 49 degrees. Tho precipitation varies materially, according to location. In tho northern part of tho stato tho greatest rainfall Is In winter and spring, while in tho southern part many places record tho maximum in summer. There aro underground currents of water, the use of which has but recently re-cently begun. Within the last two years artesian wells hav been sunk In various parts of the state, both for municipal and culinary purposes with flattering results. The municipal wells In Ogden valley furnish the people of Ogden an abundance of water, 100 per cont pure. As tho precipitation varies from 5.o6 inches to 22.21 Inches (which variation varia-tion is due almost entirely to the typography" of tho state), there is as a consequence much of tho land undeveloped. un-developed. Twenty-two million acres of land in tho state is susceptible of cultivation for agricultural purposes, and only about one-fourth of this has been entered and reclaimed. Through various homestead acts the government govern-ment offers inducements of value to settlors of unoccupied and undeveloped lands. Utah was the first state to adopt irrigation, and since 1847. the date of tho first white settlement, 500 reservoirs reser-voirs have been constructed, 6,000 miles of main canals and 2,000 miles of laterals havo also been built. Under the stato "Enabling Act" two permanent perma-nent reservoirs havo been built. Tho Hatchtown project waters 7,000 acres of land at a cost of $180,000, and the Pluto project waters 35,000 acres at a cost of $800,000. The Strawberry project, tho only one of its kind in Utah, was built by the federal govern-j ment at a cost of several million ! dollars. It was completed In the summer sum-mer of 1916 and reclaims about 72,000 acres of desert lands. Dry farm lands are selected from' time to time and sot aside by the gov-' orament for entry in sections of the1 stato where tho rainfall exceeds twelve Inches. Ory farming is no longer an experiment it is successfully success-fully practiced In somo parts of the state. Better wheat and oats aro raised on dry lands than on the irriga- . bio lands. Tho grain 1b harder and contains a greater percentage of protein. pro-tein. Utah wheat grown on dry lands . is shipped in large quantities to many i other states to mix with the softer i wheat grown there. Experimental stations aro main- tained throughout tho different parts . of the state by tho fedoral agricul-; agricul-; tural department for tho purpose of ; ascertaining tho best and most practical prac-tical methods of growing various farm . products in Its different" soils. Its . soils are rich and deep, extending in somo instances to a depth of forty foeL Utah produces more sugar beets and barley to the acre than, any other state, and ranks with two other statos first in tho yield of potatoes to tho aero. It stands second among tho statos in the production of wheat per . acre and is in a class by itself as a consistent and steady producer of , alfalfa seed. In tho variety and quality of its fruits, It is unexcelled and boasts 50,000 aores planted to orchards. Subtropical Sub-tropical fruits, such as are ralsod In , central California English walnuts, . pecans and pomegrantes aro ralsod In Utah's "DLxlo," Washington county. Tho manufacture of sugar in Utah Is second only to that of tho manufacture manu-facture and extraotlon of metals. The estimated value of sugar of 1916 was ' $15,000,000. Tho raising or sugar bcts yields profitable cash crops, and the acreago Is likely to increase with the i demands of the now factories being built. Germany, Franco and Russia were , sugar producing countries before tho present war interfered, with tho industry. indus-try. Now tho Unltod States Is called . upon to supply an extra amount, hence tho rush to build more factories and increase tho output , Tho raising of livostock is anothor important industry. Grazing lands are extenslvo and thousands of acros that cannot be tilled aro utilized for pas- turo lanus. Dairying recolves much attention and the dairy products are of excollcnt quality. The wool from Utah's flocks last year added $13,000,-000 $13,000,-000 to tho wealth of tho state. Packing plants aro being estab- , llshod. It Is a surprise to know that . tho Ogdon concern is the largost packing pack-ing plant west of Omaha. Canning factories aro being located in many districts in the northorn part of tho stato, especially In tho vicinity of . Ogden. Fruits, vegetables and cereals are thus preserved for future use. Big markets are just now assured for the abovo products owing to tho unusual demand, but how can our markots be maintained after tho war? Forests. Twelve national parks, or forest reserves, re-serves, are wholly or party wthln tho state. Their main areas include the principal mountain ranges tho high and rugged Uinta range In the north-oaBt, north-oaBt, trending east and we3t; the long Wasatch range-, extending north and Pll'jip1 - UJ'IWMHHlipjIj south almost to the Arizona boundary; several Isolated ridges in the southwest south-west and the Bear and Raft river heights in tho north. These forest areas together with eleven in southern Idaho comprise district No. A, under the Jurisdiction of the district for-estor for-estor at Ogden. Upon tho protection of those forests depends tho pure and plentiful water supply of many of tho cities and towns. Thoy afford grazing for thousands thou-sands of sheep and cattle; they furnish fur-nish vast supplies of timber for industrial indus-trial purposes; they give to tho mountains moun-tains and streams a distinctively picturesque pic-turesque beauty; they conserve the flora and fauna that otherwise might become extinct. ' It is estimated that between soven and eight billion feet of merchantable lumber, railroad ties and mining props can bo taken from tho timber of Utah's national parks. In addition there are vast tracts of quaking aspen which may somo day supply pulp mills for the manufacture of paper. District Forester L. F. Knoipp says that alcohol will oventually bo a big source of fuel supply, and that wood alcohol con be made cheaper than gasoline. Further, the supply is easily assured when it is known that In milling operations oper-ations approximately one-third of a tree is wasted In cutting; the sawdust thus produced can bo made to produco alcohol. Our forests are being conserved, but disposition of their products Is still embryonic. Like many other of our state's resources thoy need the magic touch of transportation to reach their zenith of usefulness. Mining, In the mining industry Utah is active, ac-tive, and modorn methods of treating aro practiced: yet this industry is Still in its Infancy and Utah's unknown mineral wealth lies closely locked in Mother Earth's bosom. Only research. Investigation and experiment will re-1 veal Its hidden fortunes to future gen- orations. Record breaking outputs of gold, silver, copper, lead and zinc marked this industry' in 1916. In , dollars arid cents the copper mines of Bingham tako precedence. These i mines are unique as tho oro is taken j from tho open surface by steam shovels. This operation Is said to be second only to that in the building of tho Panama canal. I havo heard tho following story about the openmg of the Bingham copper mines: Copper was known to bo thero beneath a thick surfaco of dirt. To obtain it a slow and expensive expen-sive method of drilling was practlcod till one day Mr. Jackling appeared. He asked why thoy did not scrapo tho surfaco of dirt away. It was dono, and tho result is an open copper mino of fabulous wealth which last year netted tho owners about $12,000,000. Apropos of tho above story is ono connected with the establishment of cement factories near Ogden a frw years ago. An Ogden promoter sense d . the possibilities of the oro bed near Brlgham City and tried to interest tho Commercial club of that thriving little city in a proposition to build a cement factory. They thought ho was indulging indulg-ing in Utopian dreams and laughingly turned down his proposition. Like Columbus, this promoter believed .in himself and In his theories, so ho journeyed jour-neyed to Chicago, where he Interested a wealthy man in what is today one of tho big industries of the west. Tho silver mlnos of Park City and Tlntic havo been heavy producers of the white metal for a quarter of a century, and are known in mining circles throughout tho land. In addition to the minerals already mentioned, there are asphalt, gypsum, 6alt, lime, sulphur, iron, alum and potash. Thero are valuable clay product and buildings and ornamental stones, such as granites, sandstones, mables and onyx. Soml-proclous stones aro also found. All these aro vari-colored, somo mottled and all very beautiful. Tho coal fields of Utah are limitless, covering over 14,000 square miles and al estimated to contain approximately 200,000,000.000, worth $350,000,000,000. Tho amount and value of the by-pro- ;:4H ducts of coal, such a3 gas, tar, am- fm monia and creosote, can not b esti- JB mated. From coal tar wo got the ana- , line dyes, which, pevious to tho pres- tdn ent war, American textile manufac- K turers obtained from Germany. Chera- ?tB ists In our country now claim that our v'. present supply is assured from Amer- W ica's own resources. Besides analino dyes, upward of a hundred medicines aro also products of coal tar. Among tho miscellaneous list of Utah's mln-orals mln-orals are tungsten, uranium and vana- L dium, all used In tho process of mak-ing mak-ing steel. W& Utah la tho only potash producing fljkl state in the Union. This mineral is Is used in the manufacture of dyos and explosivos. Aluminum is also ex- t'H tracted from it. Before the war Ger- JH many held a close monopoly on 39 ( Contlred on Pago 3 ) JjS Utah Women Do Not ' Appreciate Their Right of Suffrage ( Continued from Page 2 ) potash. When the supply was cut short through Germany's own needs, the United States spent several hundred hun-dred thousand dollars In search of this mineral. By chance this mine was discovered at Marysvale, Piute county. Tho ore beds there cover an area of ten square miles, and prospects of other beds havo been located and are awaiting development. We are all more or less acquainted with Gary, Ind., where the United States Steel company has located an immense plant for the manufacture of steel. Utah Is more favorably situated situ-ated respecting tho oro supply than is Gary. Less than ten years ago Gary did not exist. Presto! almost in a night it was built in tho heart of Lako Michigan's sand dunes, and to this city big freighters transport the ore from the mines of northern Michigan and Minnesota, a distance of over 400 miles. We must admit that transportation transpor-tation from Gary to a market aro better than those of Utah, and this fact verifies our state's need for more railways. Utah, situated far Inland, away from the coasts and border linos, is a most desirable placo for the manufacture of munitions and other requirements of tho government during war. It would bo practically impossible for an enemy invading the United States to surmount sur-mount the natural barriers of Utah. Tho lofty mountains and desert wastes stand as silent sentinels guarding this promised land. Few soldiers would be required to guard the narrow defiles of the canyons, through whAch pass the , great transcontinental UneB; and this makes Utah almost immune from invasion in-vasion by an enemj'. Manufacturers are just beginning to sense the strategic strate-gic situation of Utah as a distributing center. Occupying a central position in the heart of the intermountaln re-gfon, re-gfon, and only a day's journey tp the Pacific coast, it commands a trade district dis-trict of large extend, wherein are located thriving communities of Industrious Indus-trious and wike-awake citizens. Its crying needs are more people, more capital, more railways, more and better roads, more advertising. Every person loyal to the state and its interests in-terests should constitute himself an advertising medium, to stimulate production pro-duction from every source now neglected. neg-lected. Without doubt Utah's mineral field is the greatest in the Union. How can we make it known if we do not exploit ex-ploit it? Co-operative organizations under the fostering control of the state and supported by a wise and interested inter-ested people will openup Utah's resources re-sources to the advantage not only of our own people, but to a nation and a waiting world. In closing, it seems pertinent to pay tribute to the good people of our state. I have lived among them many years and never found them wanting in neighborly conduct and true friendship friend-ship befitting a pioneer people. True, the melting pot has been kept at boiling boil-ing heat, for much of our population is foreign-born, or the children of foreign for-eign born parents. In European countries coun-tries from which many of our people came, their ambition was repressed and stultified for economic and social reasons. Here in Utah they have had every advantage that a new country presents a free government, free schools and equal opportunities to express ex-press and assert their individual desires. de-sires. They have proved equal to the task of redeeming their homes from the arid wastes, of establishing churches and schools and taking a 1 place among the state of this great i Union. We can not question the peoples' peo-ples' loyalty and patriotism when we note Utah's generouB response for volunteers to fight the nation's battles; bat-tles; of the splendid work of conservation conserva-tion wherein practically all the people I men, women and children are doing "their bit," of the exemplar' industry i of the women under the banner of the i Red Cross, and of the support given I the Liberty bonds. Illinois, outside of I Chicago, subscribed something over $2,000,000 in support of these bonds, I H while Utah, proportionately a great 1 deal smaller in population, registered for more than $6,000,000.. Utah's acts speak louder than words; her people IH are becoming known and when known are liked and .appreciated. Their place in history is in the making. Let us 'jH hope that a nation is willing to re ceive us for what we already are and for what we may become. |
