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Show Persistency of Admiral Sims Creates Efficient Navy for 'United States Although Condemned by His Countrymen and Threatened With Court Martial, Officer Continues Con-tinues to Criticize and Work Until Amer-can Amer-can Vessels Are Best in World. By BURTON S. H ENDRICK. lOoyrUM. by the World's Work. I'ui'hstud l.y .nrai!i;inu-!U with the Me-iAire Me-iAire Newspaper S lulicnte.) TH K f. minis letter which Sims now wrote to rresu!eiit Koosevelt In November. hits been fre- il ne nt iy referred to m newspaper si; -tches of the Admiral' 3 career ; t: the. text itself has never been puh-'ihet!. puh-'ihet!. however, Hs reproduction in this pl.ue has an h:-tor:al value: "Mr; I : ;h:il I may be pardoned for the lit t ::y I take tn addressing you a personal per-sonal ctter; a:d my only excu.-e for so il':ng is the vital Importance of the subject sub-ject that 1 wish to brum- to your attention, atten-tion, rarv.rly. the extreme danger of the proiiit very in.ftirient condition of the r.av, co:::-iered as a fighting force. ''You will doubtless recall that in 107, when you were assistant secretary of the navy, you imitated certain r.-forms in naval target practice as a result of tn formation obta.nrd from the naval attache at-tache abroad concern i ; :g the proi;re?s In marksmanship ir. foreign navies. The , Spar, is-h war interrupted these reforms. and no progress whatever has lieen made , since. ; Complains of Marksmanship. "I have within the rust few months submitted sub-mitted tD the navy department a number of reports of foreign target practice and or. other matters in eonne'tion with the l.rM:r.i; efficienry of our Vfjis; and. after as exhaustive a study of these subjects sub-jects as my opportunities would afford. I have, in the last of these reports, bc-n forced to the very serious conrluvlon thai trie protection ard armament of even our ; most re- ent brut eships are so Klnrir.irly i:. tenor in firiw-lp! as wed an in .let.vils. to tr.os.- of o:r possible enemies, and that OJr marksmanship is so cruhin:- inferior to theirs, that one or more of our ships would, in their present condition, in- eviiably suffer lin mi I hit i ntf defeat ftt the ha:. da of eo,uul numln-rs of our rnetny'H Vessels of t !ie sa rue class and diwpiaet. -nient. "I fullv realize the extreme pra vlty of this statement ; but It is t lie result of n lontr and conscientious sludv of the sul-Ject sul-Ject ; and I am convinced that It Is t he plain truth; and this opinion i held by nil the naval officers of my itctiuatntance who have seriously con-ilered th- sunjivis treated in the report above inillrnted. "The comma :idi i -In - cti ief of th n:c al force on the Asiatic s.ation. li.-ar Admfral lb mey. In furwiirdiiiK my last report to the secretary of the tui y. tatet that he f;:lly agrees with the conclusions tlierein ur.en, and that lie considers our present situation extreme I y critical. Facts Garnered at Embassies. "In thl report I have set forth ns clearly as possible tli reasons In supporf of the alxe Btatt. nient which reasons are principally prin-cipally based on information acquired during a period of three years as naval attaihe to our emhasslr at Paris and St. Petersburg, and one ear on this str.tlon. wh.re 1 have had opportunities of becoming be-coming f miliar wit h th fb-tatls of a num!er of the most recent foreign vee!s. "It won hi have been my duty to nave made thee comparisons, between otir veneris and those of other nations, while I was M-eup !nc the ottion of t tn-he, but I was una 'ie to do so at that t sine as I was not t hen artjua intrd with the details of the construction of our latest ves"!s. "That my criticisms r however, not exaKT'-ra ; ed is u n fort una tely hut too coinpl- tely demonstrated by a recent special spe-cial target practice in the north Atlantic squadron which shows much irreater in-efMeietn in-efMeietn y In n arksmnnsh lp than I have' reported or than I could have Imagined possible. Five ships each fired during five minutes at a hulk at a ramce of about yarns and made a totai ff two hits. The hulk was afterward sunk at close ranpe. "I am aware of the Irregularity of thus (Continued on page 15, Editorial S&c.) Am.'rl.-;,ti n.. il rft'i.Mfii.-v. V. unwhiV HlO AlU'Tl-'.ltl p.oplr U 'h' lie.lMng nf 111 other U a Lord Mayor's Hanquet. "t S .1 1 1 M :t C I h n 11 1 I'l'r.nllt . S 1 II 1 1 ';( ii np-M : .iiu'i- at th.i hud ni-i r'.H l'.(MHL-'t lit 1 In t h.ti v-ar t lui K- 'friinif r t Mi-nt .mi A ni' i" ten 11 Hiiun!ron im .i -ea 1 t-,( pt-.iet le eruisn In Kuiopf.tn wal.-r. 'hr, st n I; I uk pa rl of Its pi om am w a s thai . while t ho fieri had illll'IU-lU.H.H (O !, t'llU'latld Itllit I'l-.IIK-', l':H ItLUflM! y 1 l." U . . t ;'!-m.i:i v. At I h.il tunc A ute rm.i tin bd uvt i. ill Of L u r r-1 1 1 : - i-f lh, Kurm"'." Mtu.tti'ii. 1 : n l;i m-1 had ju--t p.t.-.l tliuu:!ii the iMN.tl s-'aie of 1 -': the y.-ar in whieli 1 1 1 lil-tI' ii'..-''"V"r.Mi th.it l b-rnia u y w.is buitdiiu.; wai -hups m I a r.tte that, iu t h !-, or fi".if uur.'', w . "i Id h.. Ktvi-n the kner a Med in the North s-a mu poWeiful tli in that of tho liritiMi e nuitff. British and French naval offi'-Ts wne ser lug as watlors en f e-htriK t a' s, sp v -lutf out iJtTiP.ilil n.ial jt paraU"Ws; i man officer w.-ro hi tie drtnktm: tlu-ir toast of d.-r T.iK. a 1 at th lV.!lim' be-t be-t wool 1 tie in unit ami British 1 aval tn-n was n strong that t hoy emhd hart I y ; restrain tiu-ii:s.'!v."i In e.wh nttirr's omu- j puny, 'l'iiat war was Inevitable hetwe.-n tho two nations was a commonplace of i cotivern utluu. I U. S. Navy Watches. Aiu-tUmiis. utn'ii t'u-" thot!k'h'. nf this ftuuiUon in nil, vhl'h vvii.. n.-t ,fun. rv-K..ru,'d rv-K..ru,'d It :n utt:r ,r.Ur. I v i.part troin thtnsolo. but I,,.:!. Uu lii itNh :uid tho .'-.-rnwuis ti.iil tli.Mr eyes ki I 1 1 the Vim-i!,-:. n navy us i. f.'rvo that rnu'ht hoc Improbably be tiir.vvn in, and the i-ultl:i-tl.Mi of fwit rt-iit!.ni with inir prople h:is therefore re'.ir-'l. 1 :.s nvil I'.-lu y In bi'tll COUIUries. U'h-n. theief.l-', t',)t. Amerleali i -e! is:t--i1 Ilnvhitnl ;i:ut l-Y.lt'.'-o n:nl ih-.-'lueh ! n ll .it :it:s to visit i;ert:;.i:iy, :h i;'"i:i.u r. k;i heil it not I'llly :i.s .1 .-.lu-hr. hit as ah I rut Ha t l"h that Amerloan MpathUn va.uhl lie with Lire it lh ltaln In the inipenilirik' eoiitevt. tn the other liaml, l-hikUii'i ami I'raiK-i; "'The .shaft to the M:it;a-I'if ' " "I'll.. 1 Mi, no,,, I iM'lo.llli,; ShellH ' " ' I ! I'lote.-tllM, for li.tll 1'1'eW.H.' ' I n , 'I. lent A in, n' 1 nil l.oi 1 lois: r " I k of Toii'.alo. i an, I l', Hl,il,.' " "l'. :i 1 'a ol llattle 1 h ill In Nine e ,r, j '' Tho linieau Management of the i " 'I'lfteen Yf.'irs' 1'l.cht for a Safe Turret Tur-ret ' " 'Our Hr.st Keel.' Categorical Statement Asked. . "The ,t, hari ment ,l,"tli,,s that your -.lalemer.i ho .ateorloal aiul e;,.olty ,.s to ,;, taer or not on ha. ooninuinlout- e,l. .t'.reotly or liullrcotlv. iMiLlloiy or I'l l- ! I atel, to ,,l:tors of rape;-H .,r their rep I r,i,'!i!:i'.lvi'., or to any other pornon-i. In- . formation vehteh could te JuMtty UNe.l y ' I a fourhlatU'n for Mormational .Ht.ileni.mtfi t of the or. uaoler of those tu.i'le titnler the hove-roted eiilHion.i In the Hrtlole whh'h appeare-i in the January tunntier of 'Me-Cl'i' 'Me-Cl'i' e s maaine.' "If ou have not. either dlreeilv or ie.illreollv. suniilled aueh Information, tfio tieparlnient desired ovthlolt tnforuiatlon , as to whether ou are prepare,! to assume as-sume responsibility for tho truth of any of the important ta;- ments therein eou- talue l, under tho iiNive-uoled oaptionj. i and if sii.-ii he the case, a brief and explicit ex-plicit indication of the statements in winch yini concur. "l;. spe f'ullv. C.'-i.-.-ned) "V. 11. M i Ti'.U.F, "Secretary, "rommauder 'illiam S. Sims, L. S. N., j "lhi'eau of .Vavlkat'.on. "N.w'y lvparlnien:. aslitpitfou, lh c." Comedy Ueneath Surface. I Meanw hlle. u comedy w ad beinj- played under tne tun face. Thero is no harm In saylm- how that, wliilo IY.sid.eiit T.oose- ! elt had not lnspirtvl the Ueuterduh! ar- 1 tide, be knew that It was In process of incuhat'on and that lie w.,s K'a.l to have it published. With all his personal force h:'..l all li e adu(,il,Kta o'' hi.s position lie ! Si'."- .el lorf! In, ,,.,. i . ,le. I ''' '' 1,1 ! l o t ... It,.,! tl,,.. e w as 1 ''; t.Mlt- no, hlli,; about I li..,. bat t le. i"l'U' thai ,UO n,. ',,.s. th. " ' uiiu.-r w ., t ,.r, luit I',- ah.. e !. so 'on thai (h.:r tun,. In a 1 1 ' l P t'' l!uU tuiiel lumished no pro,, cl loii to lb.e,r crelvsl lace Mtne luuv: , Med , hlwh above the d, cl, that thev In, ni.,1,,.,1 ideal lar-to lar-to the pro, pe. -live enemv; the ammunition am-munition liuisa.unes w.re .-o exposed I ;l "".'l en.m,u,ient would have nccess.rlly menu a te,,ible explosion i ami so o,i. ti,;1, Aiuertc ms. supposed elevcret moouanloa-.s , the or,d. .sb.o.ild have de,uued and built s-ich a m.'tixtr. uv a, ih.o KeniucUv Is hi itself a,;iii!,ii:,; Mill mere astouml-' astouml-' " ls ''"' -'iter the departments attention at-tention had b, eu called to the,,- defects, it should have u. on calmlv buiidin,-oth, buiidin,-oth, r slnps precisely hl.o It. Ueports Are turned. I r-rom 11i0 to r.ie; Sims kept up Ills j solitary eamp.uj;,, analnst thee error: b.:s reports, as ahf.v.lv- described, were cov.imnte.l t, the Haines. 1-h mil: he de-I de-I chic. I on another unprecedenled move, w .uch was one even more insubordinate than Iks let tor to the president. This tunc he took his cause .Hr.c.lv , ,he American people us, -If. Ho -umuicued us triend. Henvv Ke ut erd: 1. 1. th.o marine iir.ist. and asked bun to prepare a popular popu-lar litata.-m.o artlc'e dc'r'.'cn tb.e detects de-tects of our ships as set lorth m bis reports. re-ports. Tb.e moment chosen for this ex-poso ex-poso veils a dramatic one; it appeared In -lci ,ur, s M.lj;.i;.:i,, iu J.cui.irv PHK .lust wb.en the Amerlctin navy started on its historic crinse around the world. ! robably no sincle article ever pubh,bed n this country cau,c.l such a sensation. However insuborvima ; e b.is procedure- I max have b,v v,mman,!, Sims lid at! lea.t aclueved bus purpose of toon. sic.,; ropmar attention upon the detects ill I American warsiui s. Kcr w,es the! hevvtecapers all over the counuv talked I of I t; lo else: the odibuial off.ce'of "ic-v'lure "ic-v'lure s" received tons of cluuuuis re- I fcrrir.i- to its "urucaf r.otic crude " I 15 INSISTENT 01 i f EFFICIENCY ljmination of Officer j ! 'ins Results Despite j Many Obstacles. "etW From r:s.- Om.I eu t.ersou.illy: but tb.e li.um.T sj ".. .' ., cressicn, that is universal ,fV;..!; the l rated States concerning of tlio n-v'. -PP-'-irs to ire tb.e need of prompt nud f'fcrm therefor so extremely . J V; eversteppin; the ootiii.ts of 1 ... .,..,.,'i vour person. il at-' at-' ,; l".pc:-s indicated in the ;iro"Vi:iiaiu,i--Pai'fic.,lady the ,-'' ";,h A.iiu.ral Kemev s : '.-ir,-"H'-' l-"1 ,low " "l i- ,','o.'hcncraM,- secretary o: tne !.'vo-v n-sr-vtfur.y. .Vour c'oed'.ent servant. ,. "M. S. SI MS. K" I.ieutonant, l". S. X." .. a" .bese reports." whs lesi-;,. lesi-;,. .-v 't's .vumianJ as soon as he r e.i -eac.ut thus audacious let-,'.';:.i-V.is to order another t.rst !e ";t t'.us the fleet made U per v while the liiit'.sh navy. UiT j.r.Vvi::5 th.- Veivv c'.. " Stfnt for. to.'k t'u- tulK-st a.lvan:a' of tl:.' Aiar- . '..!. n i-it. i' n ( (.t . 1 1 1 : n k our nfi'u-.-Ts ami . .ItliT.s on tf'- it, t iavi.-h at'a! iS'T.;:i-taais iS'T.;:i-taais y,ala. It u.is in'. a th.ls i!-!i-at.' s;t-u.i'.h'M s;t-u.i'.h'M that. C'uninianiler Sims 'hrcv a! bo-nNsh.'.l tl-o ,iu.!oit "f wht.-t! only1 suh'iU.-nt e writ s t h-1 iu--I v.'S ud 1';-- ; t:-. In a luii''!.'1 'Mi U' Amt-ricati saiK'.-Sj .it the Gini'lhall a spc:.h w niih , .'w Uulo J with ih- w ls ; Sims Throws Hornbshcll. ; "If t'-.e t::r.e vt r zona's w!:e!i tl'.e T:i-i'- : 1 ish tMi''ir !? f''no:i?'v ir na-:.al t- a '.u-ro;t '.u-ro;t A!i .oa'. ::i'in your !'tt; an oo'int upon .'Vo:y s!:';. ov.ry uo'lar. t'Vry aia-: ami ,' : ' u'ro; c( Mi.vJ of yo-r i. ::i ,.' i v i bc'.'otal t..a m'..s." T':.o f.v.'t is that u: tho very rr'jir.-Tit wh.vi Comma lult'r S.ms was (,t.r. ,r,. t .'o lir.t ish. onipivf was 't-rtou.-!v tnm.na-1' " hy an cN'.eimal e::v-:uy. tor On-rnut ny was then in iki!.',' tht rr.'-; eha-is'.'.'e nrcrar,i-t nrcrar,i-t .ons for t T f t.i viiirrivV.rt's siat-.'iu-i'.t tray tlir-'fore be ;:tu.;i:ictl. 'I s'.'i'liTr1 frxMn 'n ht ar:, no: :'-oin he-ol." :ms a f t irv.a .!'!, im I'.to trnuii rt.-artit-d his out'n,!, as !aor- ti-,a'." rui. 1 1 L-. t'- . t '.iy lov'fCti upon ::!.s j i :.-! -rt. pr.u". ioaliy as a d-elarauon of i- vr.l :a . war K- tat- r.nitod S'a'.r.s; a:;d. had U r.oi br : ;ro:v.-" ; '. y . ; :s;ivom c 1. : ac v w ,.:!. h.-.ve U-n J :i ! f , el !n so riuir.. Oertn.-.n sMK'j.v.fii t oui not ura!-r;aiul liow a a A :r.cr: t:i r.A '. o;"f ao r co j M i::;i!? sue .1 a sp.v,-h ex'.'-mt: ur.o-r e;lu,r. l;;s:ruc- 1 lions from his so"ernincn:. i Furore Created. ' A.l tha Ctt-rnan ar,a I-:s ; Pcc'ot.?s i:: t l'n::-d st;. :os immed: a :' lr.t- i "ica:.-:;:-. h.:L'.ri ..ni ;'e:::io:.s rainei y':ni Ui.-a.nto:i -V:-.:a:;d;:i-; c-:f s- tmrv.e-d'.ate tmrv.e-d'.ate disrv.oa;. course, tno powrn- ijiti:: co.; id n.u inir-. s ;.'a an in.nsore-t:o:;; in.nsore-t:o:;; c'.ir to r-'':d;a.o S::r. il, aara- r-.id i.ot s -Ox'tv-dt- i in making tl.o t-ss''ti-t:a! ohai'.c- a In the n.i y dt'arimeiu's o..ns;i-uo'.iou aans. find he- ralliL'.l t!iat I iH-.Ma-i'.y w.ii t:-.o only o,::-. Wii.m i"' i 1 1 - manner Sims rc-ot?:vi! Soori-rary Me'v-alfs 1 U".i,:-, t .-a-re fore, hv at onoc took it to the !resa!,nt. "At'l'rh-Mtiy thev intend to court- martial mo." lie suid. . "U e.l. don't, you de.-erve It?" nnsw.'rcd , the .resident. "Havon't vou been insub-! insub-! ordinate ;" j "Vcs." Sims rorl;od. "Just as Ir.subor-dtnatt. Ir.subor-dtnatt. as you were on ;i famous occa- f s:on." 1 v Thi's. r,'forenco to la-o;eveIt's "Hound '. : Ivi'in ' ti-.o Snanish war bi.-unut loud! j sutiaws trom ti;e chief executive I Court Martial Dropped. I After Commander Sims K ft. he sent for th.L secretary of the navy and directed di-rected htm to drop all court martial pro- ceedir.u-s. The controversy was brinvm out i:::; crtar.t truths, the ' president said. I .ii. d there was no sense In yhiitm- the iss-ie by court martial. S-na;or it ale. who had started his in-vesutauon in-vesutauon wi'h. the idea of tl:. proving the Sin' ss ci'-M-tes. soon became convinced con-vinced that th-y a'.! rested on s ;id fact and i-ron;p:;y dropped his proc-edimc the ! :md.n;s. indeed. wcre never published, j Uu: tne modem Am.t- rtcan navv i!'es 1 trom the publication of the Keuterdahl I article. Many of the old ships were re-cor.s:ructed re-cor.s:ructed ami their d-rYets partly remedied; rem-edied; while tho frreat dreadnouirhtd that ' took t?ie water suhse,uent;v:he ships that f Tin the rishtin sir-nth of the ! navy t '"'day are i:i vt-rity mode.s of naval j ar.'hiw.-tur.?. To have tausrht American gunners to ' shoot uh deadly accuracy and to have! I eon.ovlled AmeriuMn ship coi.structors to i i build warships the equal of any in th-1 1 i world such were Sims's contributions to J Investigation Started. Sor.ator H.-.:; ihen oh:-.:r:fati 01 the ''ivi! iv:i::in:v. suxrt.-U a:i o-u. i-t tc ONrt-- inirt'o. of i:-ovi:iv' Mr. K,Hlt,:M.;::l ;lt',i h:s ;iiH'to-s-sv.-;icior! iM'.-uvii.ir.'-v -;xa o:! Oom-n'..t;uUT Oom-n'..t;uUT :::sver' ii.irs 0 --o'.'i - od i-.vcriuu-ie. Vi-o:i ihss i;!vst:c;ui ti.ia reached ;'s ir.-t ecii'::s Vrai. rorrr.aiuicr S :r.$ receiveu ih:s ra::r iwTm.dai-le- oen:muv.ica::on from his chief t!-- -,cretary of th.e r.avy; N'.r.v TVo:r : T cm t VV.sI-.lr.cior.. re'oruarv s:r: T ce?v:-rei:t h;tvu:- ; t.i bro'.i;;h; to ;v;for.i:-vi a -vv u:;':,: i; yovi :a var;oi:s coii'inMrticaiiors to rhe scrotary of tl.e r.avy. an-i sor-.io of those co:::.:::eJ :n an arti.Se er.;i;d ,T.-.o Neea? o: Our Navy" in the Janiuirv mmi-l-. r of 'M .C".ve's r.v-ra.: :-.e. owr t.e s,tr.:;jre of He:iry Kc;.;ervu;h:, vom w.l. vle.is.j s .:!:! it iinir.eiha- .-vio-ori.-a: Hri srec:::o statemcm on ' the lo.'.nvins po.nrs; Source of Information Asked. TM yo'j. ri'.roet:- or ip.d!rec::y. f.:r-r,:h f.:r-r,:h :o Mr. Keuic ro.nhl. or to ;inv cr.e ao:.r.r for thai srer-.'e.ran. or far a:-.y c : r. er : r. a : v : m a i . ! : ' o r ; i o : i w h : h c o '-i '. d ;'.:st'.y be rocarded as an a .ie-.yjaie c.uio:i uor, which to base the v.i.lm:? statt. -r.er.'.s co:::a;:ud . ;he ahovc-cioted irt:.-:.o under the fo::ov::;a- ca-.;:or.s: i 'A Flee: AVi:h M.i.:i Arir.or L r.der 1 Wa:er.' j '0.:r Ir.ve?;mor.; in Ships With Suh-mersr.d Suh-mersr.d Arrr.or.' "The l.owr.ess o: Amer:'.r. ' ' 'Or. e-Third of C::r.3 Usele " i-. a to Chir.a for that vour. iv.ar. to sto.e at e:ve," Roosevelt told the Cs.? '-;our.s v.:" be!:.? S:ms. h -r rr:ire charge of target vrac-,r vrac-,r e-'-et:i n:onths: do exactly as j-' does not :uvom?!Uh some- tc thit t:r.:e. cut off h:s head and retody elie." , te-ii. Sin:s thus beo:imo i::sivot--r K. r-io;.ee. a rvsit'.oa which he I six ard a half years. As a t-;e of his trainin:. th.e A:r.er-Vr.r.ers A:r.er-Vr.r.ers becatr.e th.e irreatei-t I "e'wcr'.a. even surpassi:1. those B-:::h r.i.vy itself. l:ideed it was V'"S:;rs ucmor.stnited the com-scce com-scce of the Soot: system that ri:.s- n.tvy adopted il i:i itll uu ; "l"r.e ::"ai judir.ent was pa-ssed iss wer's by President Koosevelt. fc ;ir. o : : : c I com m u n i c a : : o n 1 :i t'i: "Cr.-.raor.der Si:::s has done r target prac:;ce th.iLn a:- other 1 ;r,e l'r.;.ed S:a;es. It is chiefly l f..m thii we shoot as well as ; Ii :s hun-.:ha:;r.r to th.ink what ho'.s we were during the Spanish f izes U. S. Ships. fcs t:xe Siras had been calling at-l at-l :o uu.'.i in the navy that were Krs ser.cus. especially in the conic con-ic c: chips. He first stepped on r er:e.ir. "n: ?d e rr. " battleship in lis sis the Kentucky, then at Gi- e." route to China. The experi-B5 experi-B5 a sheek:r.r re-ela:ion. "The ?-." '-he adm-mi sa-s. "is not a k.? a: a I. She is the worst crime H :er.s;ru-:t:en evtr perpetrated hy he race.'' It would take too much ct sen he the many uefects which t!n, it was necessary t repr.n;ai.d hini. Like all S.rrs' viohitl'-trn o: rotr:c:. ! h 'wcver. this one. in the liitht of sui qivr.t eve:us. s-.n" v hcP.::io a tpieiidid i ! c. inpter in his i:'e s:ory. "T::e w:l- s oj h ' s'.'-y are CTio rs." ' forn-.tr Prudent Tit "rem.-irked a y ar i c.i:.. " V :.-n I w .1- p res 'do;-. ; I repr: - ; mandpd a nua! i ;';.vr for sayn the very thine he U d 'hi,; now." T: at o'O-eer o'O-eer was t'omir.t rider. i:ow Vice Ad-v.:-j.'. funs, in command of the Anierica:i r.as v I i:: i:urore." " I ! I r j the c o u r ? e of t . . ! s sa m e " i i ! t S i n s ph-TAed that he h'i1 a'so t..e gift c:' ; pr-o:: e-'y. i 'o 5 uh:ni : -d a report on : n-1. n-1. !:c.i! :or.d:: ;ons .:i !1 .rope, w j- j eiarv'.i :,at the Fh:ro:-va!i war could r.vl t- f!'ay--J Ii-i.r four vcars. T-' s: repcirt u .is made in l 9 ! He a'co fa : i , that Triitland and Yruice woni-i b1 a";es and t.int Italy womd suhse uently jen t M-rn. This iore-a5t, com Dined with his i prediction th. it the L'nittd S'-a'es would, be found fihm-cr side by side w.tn Great Britain was !:.; an inaccurate reading ot t-j L'se-iueii t events. Sims as Historian. Thus no man cuM have been se'e "ed M ho would jo completely have r"Dres. nt- ' i ed in European waters tne Airer'.'-ati peo- ; ! pie and the Aifrican navy at their best. Tne articles wn.tc.i will beitm wit h the ruit in-jtal i:r. ; iit v. ill sl.ow Admiral Sims ; In a new lUht as th.i. naal historian of the r. At the present time Americans rei 'ly know little a' out tile performances of th.e ' British navy and their own. The fact . that there was no final toectacuiar tea i enraaetiient has tended to dwarf tho combined com-bined sea forces in comparison with the army. T.iere is a more or ies& hazv ida - tluu sea nouer wai the mighty force th.a: ; eventually made ine. i table th.e su-c?ss of th allies, and Admiral S'.ms will show in nrecise terms way tuis was so. II. a f.rst article iii picture Oerrnp.ny as a ictor;ous lUiemy. and victorious be-' eaue, despite the overmastering strentrth 1 of the British fleer, Germany was re'i'ly ' haviriir thing's at sea her own wrtv. The L business of sea pouer is to maintain com- I mumeatlens, but m Atunl. ?K, when the v'riited States entered the war. t::e Frit- :sh fleet, because of tiie new and sudden I -change :n warfare at sea, was not tuc-) . cecding i;i doing this. " rAme-"--n'-n T';e cr,aUt : tour wih fi-Mt-c iu his i;Vh',1, -1 yrn-e a :astu picture of the' Hrh . H-:i:.i';lt races w-orkhig- s:ue hv sl-! w'ifi "'h:.Vl;":"' I'-'-mony and ih term;nat;o"' aa..L tne powers whicii w, re i-tt-m boa',5. 111 be vK-s -rib-: d i-i d--l:u', and tbc c.irt p'.a.v fd by ti.e Ac-v-vicm K.'.vy will be -ivt'n' t rticular proniiiUMice. I Anti-U-Boat Activity. Few Americans really appreciate the 'extent of our antisubmarine activities i acuities based on Queenstown and Bere-havf'i, Bere-havf'i, in Ireland, and Bre-it. t. Nazaire. Bordeaux, and other stations in France, j on Gibraltar in the Mediterranean, on Corfu in the Adriatic, "on the Azores and other points. I The work of the combined forces in ! driving the suhmarines from one fie'd ot" operation lo another forcing them : far out to sea, and then aa'n compe!-i compe!-i ing them to seek waters near the coast. ; w h e r e in turn trey w e re a u a e k e d a u d , destroyed by aircraft will he described. A dramatic chanter w ill G-f many's 1 frantic r.ttemp's t. meet the allied arti- I submarine campaign. She did this first I by buiUiintr l;n-ge cru'ser subinarint-. j which could operate far out in mid-o"ean: mid-o"ean: she sent seven sea-'.'ii subma- rmes to the American coast to prey un m (ships off our sh.re: he- purpose in do-; do-; i: this was n.t that she hoped to cl-. -I stroy much tot. "age, but that she hoped j to start a pul-i'-- clamor in the United ; ; States that wuu'd compel tMe tovernmcmt 1 i to with.draw our antisubmarine craft j f r o ! n F u r o p e a n waters. i ; Tries to Negative Campaign. j t Germany's at tacks on hospital ships I : aroused the ind.gi'.ation. of the world; yet ) .h.ow many real. zed that this represented 1 merely one despairi" attempt to negative nega-tive the allied antisubmarine can.pai t: u ? There was much speculation at tho time as to whether these inhuman 3 'tacks en s ck and wounded men were really inter.- j ; tior.a!; there were these who gave Ger-n Ger-n any the benefit of behevin? that they , were accidental. Yet the h.stor.cal fact I : that they were not only intentional. ' but that Germa ny informed tiie allies ! th.at such attacks would be nti.de; be r 1 purpose was to force the allies to divert their destroyers from escortiuc merchantmen mer-chantmen and use them as convoys for hospitai ships. Germany's various schemes to divert the antisubmarine pa-tro'. pa-tro'. scatter the allied effort, and in this' wa y secure a free field i f a rt ion 0:1 th e irreat trade routes, form a orettv ?am.e of ' hide ani seek, but Adm'ra! Sims w::; show how all tactics to this end failed, j Xorth Sea Barrage. The determination to crush the sub- j marine led to tiie construct. on. almost j entirely by Americans, of a great bar- I rage across the North sea from the Ork- : p e y s to the c or. s t of N" o r w ay. A d mi ra I j Simp's forces c-stbhshed an a;r fo"ce of : !' 5. 00? i'5-n and oi'ficei-s, v. ivch constantly constant-ly patrolled the French. British and Irish Tne work in destroying submarines accomplished ac-complished by "mystery ships.'' that is. war vessels cliculsed as merchantmen, sent out for the express purpose of Icing- torpedoed, forms an exciting and diverting di-verting part of th.e story. The success of the much -celebrated American "chaser" "chas-er" will a;so appeal to Americans. Few peopie on this side of the water know that it was American chasers th.at destroyed the Austrian submarines at F'urarzo. in the Adriatic a pe rformanee 1 as thrihmg as Vacatur's attacks on tiie ! corsairs of Algiers. Ail these pe '-form- 1 I ances led up to the supreme task--th 1 1 e'earime of the seas that made pos-ib'e 1 j the transportation of more than L . j .."" j American soldiers to France. Tina, and supplying our allies with food a n d w a ' I materials, represented the purpose of ilu I antisubmarine campaign. 1 U. S. Aid Assured Success. j While the British feet had manv irr.v i anti-submarine craft at work th.au the i I I nited States, yet it is pnmtieioty rt i i ! th::', witi'out our contribution, te Mih:!- 1- ' 1 r:ne wuuid not have been olestrc;--d. fori ! our shins added lust that superiority that was essential to victory. Similarly. 1 1 1 e six d r e a d n o u g h. t s v.- h 1 c h I th I' nit eel States s-mi to th.e North s --a j added that strength to the grand flet which trade inevitable the surr-mder of j the Gernars at Scapa Flow. The fact , that th.e United Sts.tes had another s.vuad- ron of dreadnoughts hascu on Ber''a en. 1 I'"r!a;'i.l. is also not cnei-a:;v k: own. i W thout these Amt ricar. shirs. Gre.it ! Britain had only a few more dreadnoughts ', th': n tli? Germans. ' Tiie American r.avy foucht not only- o" j sea. but on land. From Washington w-.o t tent the greatest t-uns used on the w-st- 1 em front against the German army. The construction of these naval guns. th--:r shipment to France, their transportation lo th.e field of battle, and th.e destructive I work th.at they accomplished against the German. lines, show the American s; nut of initiative and enterprise at its be?;. Work of Navy Guns. ' Th--se tnrs shot enormous pre)- ct lie s j thirty mi.'-'s; tr.-y wcre under Admiral ! Sim.s's conmi'r.d ju-t as were the cle.-tro- j in th? Irish sea. Besides describmc J these - arlike performanres. the admiral i will ieh the story of Brtti&n-Anu-riean co- j or elation, per'nu.-s the most complete iilus- j t rat ion iu in story of harmonious action England's Weakness. The reason is thru Great Britain controlled con-trolled tiie seas only iu part; sine did dominate dom-inate the surface of the water, but she did rot control the sub-surface; for stealthdy working under the waves tiie German submarines were destroying her mere bant ship?, and destroying them at a rate which, if continued, meant the sur-, render of Great Britain in an aopreeia- . ble period. When Admiral Sims lauded ' in E'ngland early in Ami!. 1D17, he found : Mmself practically reduced to despair. England had only three weeks' suoniv of! grain on hand, an. J in the surrounding waters her food ships were goimr down at ! the rate of more than $00,C"tr tons a' month. 1 No one in Furoof at that time eou'd . see anything but blackness ahead, for nu ' effective method had been devised for de- featmg this campaign. Such was the picture pic-ture in Aori!. ii17. A year afterward. I ; Aprii. UUS, the situation had entirely changed. The submarine was still a dan-I 1 ger, bu: its importance as the decis; e ! ; elemen; in the war haul disaprcared. j ; Germany's atten pt to cut Great Britain's I i sea communications, to starve the British' j people into surrender, and to make hn- I possible the transportation of an Am-'p- j ; lean army and American supplies to Ku- . ; rope, had fai'.c-d. Park as the militarv ; , situation was in April, ltiS, the allied had 1 , won the war. j j Submarine Made Helpless. j The reduction cf the submarine to a position o: helplessness will :" urnash Ad- j miral Sims his theme. He will d-scribe ' tiie part played by a type of warship tiie1 destrover which, while not a new' i;. pe. performed a service in this war which "had i never been fore seem He will show how back of this destroyer, making 1 orsib-e J her operations, lay the mighty silent force' 1 of th.e- grand fleet. The admiral will show' how, almost as a counsel of desperation,! the allies resurrected a device which had i , done great service iu the Napoleonic wart-- i the convoy, how brilliantly this succeeiVd i , how. indeed, it defeated the submarine.) He will describe these mighty convovs ' of thirty and more .merchant ships in a"c- ! Lion, escorted by the !i:ti- nav al w-as-ji,. ' unknown, in Nanoleo: ic da s. maneuvering! In 1 1 v-'-v y s e . . s at n : h t without h X ' t -T ' turning rapidly t ril:c u.ud left. z:g-ag- 1 ting, circ.mg and dodging tl:e phesohores- ! cent .al-es th.at marhed tiie approach oft t-ie torpedo. The almost constant battles ; that tcok place in the waters approaclung j I In gland -nd France, between the escorts 1 of these convoys and the underv a tor |