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Show . 5 ixpert Discusses the Various Vari-ous Forms of Fuel Econ-llVj Econ-llVj omy Contrivances. DPreheaters. Auxiliary Air s Pr Heaters, Compounds and oir Carbureters Explained, ';. It hardly need be mentioned that at 0. , i. time euch as this, when every drop T t ful must be utilized and the most ktmed from it, motorists and operators f gasoline using vehicles of all kinds 1 :' rill be approached by those offering fuel saving devices. The market Is being: ; s looded with all sorts of contrivances phlch are claimed to save gasoline or I . nake possible the use of a fuel of lower rrade. It is true that some of these levices have real merit, but a goodly n- lumber are worthless for the purpose re Tesignated. The motorist who reads k :. nuch automobile literature and the accessory acces-sory manufacturer's advertisements al-1 al-1 d I -eady knows that dozens of different 1 :ypes of devices are offered, and if one - were to believe all the claims made for : some of them the device should be worth ' " ten times the amount asked. Often -some ' of the devices do good work in one dtrec- i tion, but do more harm in another, n The very commonest form of fuel sav-ej. sav-ej. Jng device is the auxiliary air attachment. attach-ment. There are any number of forms V1 " of these, all designed to do practically n.n-.the same thing admit more air to be sucked in with the mixture. In some r sf these the manifold is tapped to receive :.V. 2ither an automatic air valve or one con-' con-' - trolled by hand or by some part of the sngine. It is clear to see that if these ievices merely admit more air, the very 3ame condition can be had if the carbureter car-bureter air range is sufficient. In prac-?-'tically every modern engine the carbu-TK carbu-TK reter installation is correct for that en-F en-F gine, and the air range cannot be Im-,en Im-,en proved upon for all round' performance. Better economy may be had, to be sure, . but in many cases something is going to rcniSbe sacrificed acceleration, climbing abil-i abil-i lidty, speed or throttling down ability. On andaome cars the auxiliary air devices are on helpful, but why not find out first if your . T carbureter can be made to feed more , air, if economy is all you are after, m i: on Heated Manifolds. :o!; Another case of gasoline saver, and a L:;!arge class, is that including heated mani- en: folds. This form of device deserves a l0 -great deal more consideration than it ...seems to be getting. While the modern ' "oarbureter can handle present day fuel 1 with fairly good results additional heat "' "erajnly helps toward better vaporiza-: vaporiza-: cyiiind greater economy. It is regret- viecle that most of the heated manifolds r ire applicable only to Fords and some sther small cars. !e" Aside from the heated manifolds there ari ire numerous heating devices of other e; construction, including exhaust pre-ras pre-ras oeaters, electric preheaters, etc. I doubt ,'..tfj;her these can compare, in the majority major-ity peases, with a well designed heated manifold. In the newer manifolds the Inlet passage is in contact with the p, ;metal of the exhaust passage either all Jr: along its' length or part way. Different . '.internal constructions are used to heat the whole mixture thoroughly. In some ;Jno provision is made for thorough heat-1 heat-1 l ing, the object being merely to get some lis heat to the mixture. These will be found r. not so efficient as the thorough heaters. Many of these manifolds are claimed to !, make possible the use of kerosene as L fuel, after the engine has been started von gasoline. It is quite true that a fair n'-degree of satisfaction will be had and often an attractive economy figure ob-...tained; ob-...tained; but there are other things to be considered which will be taken up later in the treatment of kerosene burners. There are any number of compounds on the market designed to be put into . the gasoline. I know of only one such .compound which actually has any merit ' whatever. The great majority of these i ; compounds will not do all that is claimed 1, for them, and when the price asked is .' considered I cannot see how the motorist motor-ist can accept them unless the manufac- "-' turer guarantees a certain economy and Ht'is a maker of such responsibility as to -.-stand back of that guarantee. The action ! , ,1s explained in all sorts of ways, but I , should like to see one of these com-pounds com-pounds which from Its mere presence in '"the mixture will give better economy. It Ia Is stated that the mixture can be thinned - when the compound is used, but unless v the maker fully guarantees the product m - (unqualifiedly guarantees it) first thin ,.the mixture without the compound and Q see how that works. pib s, Carburetion Facts. All motorists are aware that carbureter Si makers advance certain claims for their product when substituted for the car- buroter you now have. In some cases the change of a carburetor does give an appreciable saving, but in an equal num-' num-' .ber of cases the results are no better and often are worse than with the original orig-inal Installation. The maker may test his product on one or two types of engines en-gines and assume that the same econ- - omy will be had on all types. The motor-' motor-' 1st, however, should bear in mind that the car manufacturer always is anxious i" to select the carbureter that will give the best economy figure without sacrificing sacri-ficing acceleration, climbing ability and ' ')pwer. ' ler iee(llng an steam feeding de-vic.are de-vic.are here aplenty, and though some ipl of the makers are quite conservative in their statements about the results to be had a number make claims which are rii! to say the least ridiculous. Some of It' them do effect a saving, but they should i I not be installed primarily for this pur- L1 pose. Kssentlarly the correct typo of device helps tu prevent carbon from de- , positing and Rives a better performing engine In most cases. The kerosene carbureters and kerosene ' appliances as a whole deserve a great deal of consideration. There is no doubt . they will permit kerosene to be burned and given an engine performance which 5 few of us would complain about, considering consid-ering the saving In fuel money. But a ! number of these devices are very poorly designed for specific Installations, and while they handle a cheaper fuel they ..cause very rapid carbonization to take i place, and when the rings and pistons of the engine are not a very good fit ralso give rise to oil contamination. The kerosene which does not burn works ,,. down past the pistons, gets into the oil 68 and does not evaporate as readily as gasoline. Thus the lubricating qualities of the oil are partly destroyed. Also some of these kerosene devices, while jnf they handle the fuel all right at a given speed, or in fact within a certain range, ! give a queer action at other times and lso give occasional trouble in accelera- r, Uon and climbing. |