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Show German People Becoming More Desperate With the Stress of the Great War U-Boat Question Goes Deeper and Deeper Under the Skins of Kaiser's People, Ambassador Ambassa-dor Gerard Declares. "Face to Face With Kaiserism" By JAMES W. GERARD, American Ambassador at the German Imperial Court, July 23, 1913, to February 4, 1917. Author of "My Tour Years in Germany." Copyright, 1918, by Public Ledger Company. Copyright Canada, 191S, by fublic Ledger Company. CHAPTER XL August 1916 (Continued) An Unpublished Un-published Diary. mt AW summaries of tha news pub- C llshed by th general staff and Riven to the emperor to read. He sJ Kets only Gcrman-Amerlitan news from America and no bad news from anywhere. On the Lusltanla case thero Is a disposition to think, because we wero not warlike over Mexico, we will stand anything. The kaiser will not see mo because of the delivery of arms by Americans to the allies, and has bo BtatmL Thero is no shortage of food supply. I was told yesturday they did not need our Polish relief committee for German Poland, Po-land, aa Germany can take care of this alone. The hate of Americans is intense. in-tense. Hut this hate can be turned off and on hy tho government. The people believe everything they sea in the papers. The monetary situation Is not bad. All the money for war supplies has been spent In Germany, except perhaps for a few horses, etc, from Scandinavia. Tho chancellor and Von Jagow have been In Vienna, Von Jagow told me only on current business, but '-his was a diplomatic diplo-matic etatement. I believe they went to settle the fate of Poland. I hear Prussia wants an Independent Poland and Austria Aus-tria wants to make it part of the Austrian Aus-trian empire. In any event, I think Prussia Prus-sia will secure the organizing of the army which wiU coon be raised. A prominent Pole told me two days ago that the peasants were coddled by Russia, whose motto in Poland was "dlvldo et impera," and that they will violently resent being drafted Into the Prussian army. The bitter attacks on the chancellor continue. At a recent meeting In Bavaria Ba-varia resolutions were passed that the first objective of tho war was to get rid of tho chancellor and the second to "clean out the Anglophile foreign office," which prevented Germany from resorting to "reckless" methods for the srvift winning win-ning of the war. Wide Break of Civil and Military As a son-in-law of a high official told me today, the break between the military and navy on one side and the civil government gov-ernment on the other has widened almost al-most Into civil war. The same man told me that the kaiser had lately become Mr. Gerard's second book, written since las departure from Berlin upon the severing of diplomatic relations with Imperial Germany, has been secured se-cured by the Public Lodger for exclusive ex-clusive newspaper publication In the United States and Canada. It will appear simultaneously in daily installments in-stallments In this and other newspapers news-papers licensed by the Public Ledger. Any infringement of the Public Ledger's copyright will be prosecuted. prose-cuted. quite apathetic and lets events take their course. One of my attaches has broken down completely, cries when spoken to. Living In a fiercely hostile atmosphere is not agreeable, and I wonder how long the rest of us can hold out. The harvest is very good, but does not provide fat, and, as yet, meat But the starving out business I have always said was an "Iridescent" dream. New men, 80,000 in this vicinity alone, are being called to the colors. Everyone here Is getting more on the razor edge, prisoners are treated more roughly and get worse food. Bavaria is getting restless and dissatisfied. This will not amount to anything definite, but it is a sign of the times. 1 went to Herringsdorff for a few days of swimming. At a concert In the evening eve-ning a man recited a poem he said he had written about "having bled enough." He was vehemently applauded. Quite a contrast to the days when the best actors ac-tors in Germany were not ashamed to spout the "Hymn of Hate"! Tha military people use the censorship even against papers friendly to the chancellor, chan-cellor, and Germans certainly can hate each other as thoroughly and scientifically scientifi-cally as they do most other nations. Dr. Alonzo Taylor thinks that in peace times someone fed this nation too much meat. The newspapers are preparing the people peo-ple for the entry of Rumania. Professor , a school friend of Tisza's and Burian's who was recently In Austria, saw Burian and says Burian Is ready and even anxious to make an arbitration treaty with America and also send an ambassador In Dumba's place to Washington. This is out of my jurisdlc- (Continued on Page Two.) mm people MORE DESPERATE (Continued from Page One.) tion. He says that tomorrow or next day there, will be an interpellation in the Hungarian chamber about sending an ambassador to America. The National Liberals probably will unite with the Conservatives and demand a strong hold on Beligum, if not actual possession of that country, as one of the objects of the war. This union of National Liberals and Conservatives is dangerous and may mean a resumption of unrestricted submarine sub-marine warfare. ' The entry of Rumania took everyone by surprise. Beldiman, tbe Rumanian minister here, was visiting the reigning Prince of Honenzollern Sigmaringen, brother of the Rumanian king, and apparently ap-parently knew nothing of the danger of a break. Triumph of Hindenburg. Todav ITIndenhurg is named chief of the general staff, and his chief of staff, LudendorlT, la made quartermaster-general. Kalkenhnyn, former chief of staff, is bounced without even the excuse of a diplomatic Illness. This is all a great concession to popular opinion. I do not know where Hindenburg stands with reference ref-erence to America, but have beard that he is a reasonable man. Of course, here the army has as much to say in foreign affairs as the foreign oftlce, if not more. When I was at the great general headquarters, head-quarters, Falkenhayn, although I knew him, did not call on me, and dodged me. He did not even appear at the kaiser's taMe when I lunched there. From all this I judge he was against America on the submarine ques't ion. I nlso have heard that when Helfferich was talking before the kaiser, in favor of peace with America. Falkenhayn interrupted him. but was told by the kaiser to "stick to his last," or words to that effect. Thesd people here are now nervous and unstrung and actually believe that America Amer-ica will now enter the war against them. It is Impossible to conceive of the general gen-eral breakdown of nerves among this people. t havn heard latelv of men as old as 47 being taken for the army. Zimmerma.in has now tone on a vacation, vaca-tion, hi: place being temporarily filled by Yon Treutler, Prussian ml nlster to Bavaria, Ba-varia, who since the commencement of the war has been with the kaiser. I judge this means the kaiser is looking personally into matters nt the foreign office. of-fice. Von Treutler is. I think, against the resumption of reckless submarine war. He is lunching with me today. He la ; rather the type of the intelligent man- . of-the-world and sportsman, and has little of the Prussian desire to "Imponieren" by putting bis voice two octaves lower and glaring at one like an enraged , bullfrog. lr. William Pavard Hale of Mexican fame, who is in Perhn representing the f b p rst ra rere. ba? become very thick with official here. Von .Iaow and Zim-me-n,;i:m are much impressed by him. The 'Jerri. ans may hate the president, but there pre in America hundreds of fhoujanrN of Czechs from Bohemia, Poles f-oMi Pol an 1 Slovaks. Rnthenians. Croatian? Croa-tian? and SVivs from Hnncarv, Raima-, "bins. ltjCbm. Greeks. Russians. Scorch, Height ns and French who hate the Gcr- mat's. I titdjpve 1lp Cermnns want an excuse n resume reckle submarine war nnd an 1 American correspondent has taken the. job of making bad feeling to justify such a course. I'-Hoat Desperation. ' September, i:'H. As ihe?e people get d-speraie the submarine ipiestion gets uf ; r und deeper under their ekin. I really th.nii that it is only a question of lime. , Of course, from what I learn here Ci i :: e is si. re to come In and this Is. cptiud iaue. As the lon.vul general at Hamburg has reported, m-c.ous riots have occurred i ht-r e. two by ' he poor classes, mostly o-i.tn. and one by students. The crowd s.iuuled, "I -own with the kaiser," called f .r an end of the war, tailing for ui-., ui-., uilied submarine war against Kugland. The hale of A nierna ns g rows daily. If it deed it is possible to be greater. Ir.t Ne,j.o:i Morris, A merican in i is ter o c.we b'n, was hero. He aial his wife ire i h .ruling pe-'p'-e. lie is very popu-.ir popu-.ir In Sweden. K'.kus is also here on his a .i v to Con ta v. i : no pie. If any one can ,-eC; away" w : : h that difficult post he i an. I took K'kus tn see Von Jugnw and had him at lunch with Von Treutler. t He man In Zimmerrna tin's place. 1 talked with 1 .Ikus to Von .la tow about Syrian relief. A S nan. v:inte name 1 cannot ;iv e aw ay. fays the Turkish government 1 : ep ii ted to our t mPassy in Turkey that j :iu harvest in Syria wat the best in' eira, whereas, in truth, this year's h.tr- est. on account of drought and hist 1 year's on account of locusts. :ire the worst in thn;y-fie vents. Missionaries have told me thut Svrians are starving. A fact for the Kus-lun born Germany docs not recognize the American oitizen-mi'p oitizen-mi'p or naturalization of a person bora in! IPiviba. ! "Wsierlnv there was n conference of all patty leaders nt the chancellor's. I understand un-derstand nothing was said about America nr submarine nuestion. I doubt this. The pren hero and certain other agencies are : rvlng to convince A m erica that all U ; e m eful. hut, H. iron Mumm two days ago told Khkus, i'n this house, that the rnth-lesH rnth-lesH suiun.-irtne war undoubtedly would be resumed. In general eonversaMon wltb Von Jaow reci-ntly. be said that tbe offensive on the Somme could not rominuo wit h-out h-out the great smply of shells from America, Amer-ica, it.- nl si i said tbnt recentl" ft German oibmarine Hubtuered in the channel bad to allow forty-one ships to pass, and that lie wa s sure t ha t each ship w ns full of ammunition and soMlers, hut prohahly had some protectins American nngnls on hoard, and, therefore, the submarine did not torpedo without warning. Jle seemed quite bitter. The wife of an American newspaper correspondent was recently attacked in the street. Of course, the hushand will not cable this to America. Two stenographers stenogra-phers from this embassy were recently slapped on coming out of a theater he-cause he-cause they were speakint; Entill.ih. Reventlow's paper was recently suppressed sup-pressed and Reventlow forbidden to write without special permission. This Is a good slRn from the chancellor. Dr. Hale was recently given a special trip to the west front and allowed to talk to the crown prince, etc. President's Peace Note Welcome December, 1016. The Germans are simply sim-ply delighted with the president's peace note. Only a few cranks or conseivative papers are against It. I saw Zimmermann the day nfter my arrival. He was most friendly and said he hoped he and I would be able, as usual, to settle eveiything in a A-rendly 1 manner. Yesterday he lunched here and gave me the German reply after lunch. He told me at the first talk that he, the chancellor, chan-cellor, Hindenburg and Ludendorn were all working together. Most people here say that Hindenburg and Ludendorff are at present the real rulers of Germany. Zimmermann remarked that there was no danger from "reckless" submarine war. Zimmermann said he regretted the sending of the Belgians to Germany, but it was hard now to go back on what they had done. I have some hope that a retreat re-treat may be'arranged possibly by sending send-ing the Belgians hack gradually and saying say-ing nothing about it. The American chamber of commerce here .will give a bl? dinner January 0 to welcome me hack. Zimmermann and Von Gwinner, head of Deutsche hank, have agreed to speak and many prominent promi-nent Germans have accepted. The press department of the foreign office of-fice lias been reorganized by Zimmermann Zimmer-mann and Hammann. t lie former head, fired. The new head is Major Detitel-mosee, Detitel-mosee, formerly of the general staff, a personal friend of mine. The emperor is at Potsdam ami con-suited con-suited with Zimmermann, General voii Kessel, etc., as to the reply to the president's presi-dent's peace note. Berlin is much more meluncholy than when I left. General von Kessel came to our American colony Christmas tree for poor Berlin children. It was very pathetic. One little kid got up and prayed for peace and every one wept. I hope to get to see I.udendorff and Hindenburg Hin-denburg soon and see how they feel toward to-ward America. I went to Ruhleben, the British civilian camp, yesterday to tell the prisoners that al! over 4j go heme. It was quite a Christmas gift, as 700 there are over that age. (Note: Don't think this agreement of Germany and England ever went into effectll (Continued Tomorrow.) |
