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Show News Review of Current Events the World Over Washington Bicentennial Opened by President Hoover Stimson's Stern Warning to Japan Chinese Pushed Back in Terrific Battle. By EDWARD W. PICKARD VERY city, town and hamlet In the United States and most of the capitals cap-itals of the world paid tribute to the character and achievements of George I ' I Washington on Monday, Mon-day, the two hundredth hun-dredth anniversary of his birth. The. celebrations, cele-brations, fostered by Congressman Sol Bloom's commission, will continue in this country through most of the year in one form or another. Officially, Of-ficially, the bicentennial bicenten-nial doings were President opened in Washing-Hoover Washing-Hoover ton w'ien President Hoover delivered an address before a Joint session of congress con-gress which was attended by all high officials of the government, the members mem-bers of the Supreme court and the diplomatic dip-lomatic corps. Standing before the brilliant gathering, gather-ing, Mr. Hoover called on the American Ameri-can people to rededicate themselves to those principles befitting a free people peo-ple of which Washington was a living exponent "We have need again," he said, "to bring forth the picture of the glories and the valor of Lexington and Concord nnd Bunker Hill, the suffering and fortitude of Valley Forge, the victory vic-tory of Yorktown. We have need to revive the meaning and the sheer moral mor-al courage of the Declaration of Independence, Inde-pendence, the struggles of the continental conti-nental congress, the forming of the Constitution." No part of these great events, the President reminded those who packed the galleries, "can be separated from the name and the dominant leadership of George Washington." There were many other ceremonies in and near Washington. The President Presi-dent laid a wreath on Washington's tomb at Mount Vernon; the Richmond Light Infantry Blues and the Richmond Rich-mond Grays marched in a colorful parade pa-rade through Alexandria; the National Education association in convention were addressed by Mr. Hoover; and in the evening there was a grand colonial co-lonial ball in Washington and a "birth-night "birth-night ball" at Gadsby's tavern in Alexandria Alex-andria duplicating as far as possible the last blrthnight ball Washington attended there, in 179S. 'TpIIROUGH the medium of a letter -- to Senator Borah, Secretary of State Stimson served notice on Japan and the world at large that the United States still stands by the open door policy enunciated by John Hay in 1S09. recognized by the Washington conference confer-ence of 1021-22 and implicit in the nine-power treaty and other agreements agree-ments concerning the Pacific. These pacts he declared to be interdependent, interdepend-ent, and the maintenance of the integrity in-tegrity of China necessary for the welfare wel-fare not only of China but of the whole world. In effect Mr. Stimson's statement state-ment is a threat by the administration that the United States will abrogate the Washington treaty limiting the capital ship strength of the naval powers pow-ers and restricting American defenses in the western Pacific if Japan persists per-sists in disregarding the nine-power treaty guaranteeing the territorial integrity in-tegrity of China. He said if the Pacific Pa-cific treaties had been faithfully observed ob-served such a situation as now exists could not have arisen. COACHED by skilful German soldiers, sol-diers, the Chinese troops in the Shanghai battle area successfully withstood with-stood a terrific attack by the Japanese that lasted three days and cost uncounted lives. The invaders shelled the positions held by the Chinese along the line to the Woosung forts almost continuously and repeated re-peated attempts to ad-v ad-v a n c e the infantry were made, but at the close of the operations oper-ations the Chinese, N iaiMbS. v." I badly battered, were T- V- Soong i still there. Two days later the Japanese airmen made a furious fu-rious attack on Kiangwan, showering down huge bombs on the defenders; and then the troops again attempted to rush the Chinese positions, without any success. Reinforcements were caHe," for and the Tokyo government, wbi--.. had Just won a victory in the elections, decided to send two more army divisions, and a full general to supersede Lieut. Gen. Kenkichi Uyeda. The Chinese government, encouraged encour-aged and determined to resist to the last, was hurrying more troops to Shanghai and the energetic T. V". Soong was making marked progress in his great task of raising money to keep up the fight. Large contributions contribu-tions were received not only from all parts of China but from Chinese in many other lands. As the week neared the close the Japanese, enraged by the resistance resist-ance they had met, launched a new offensive that was reported to be driving driv-ing the Chinese back in disorder. This was the bloodiest battle so far In the Shanghai conflict. Japanese planes dropped cans of gasoline on Kiangwan and Miaohungchen, bombs ignited the explosive and conflagrations resulted. JAPAN'S reply to the latest admonition admoni-tion of the League of Nations council coun-cil was received in Geneva and was found to be a stiffly worded and resentful re-sentful retort. The Japanese government, govern-ment, it said, could not understand why the appeal of the twelve powers was made to Japan, instead of to China, the real aggressor. The league pact, it added, does not exclude self-defense, self-defense, nor does it leave China free to attack everybody in sight. Tokyo told tiie league that its observations are "obscure" and "superfluous," for Japan entertains no territorial or political po-litical ambitions in China. Japan, said the note, cannot consider China as an "organized "people" in the sense used by the league covenant, and declares it is impossible to treat the chaos in China as if it were order. Altogether, the reply from Tokyo was little less than a slap in the face for the league council. r NE seeming result of the war in the Orient was the approval by the senate naval affairs committee of the Hale bill authorizing the expenditure expendi-ture of $775,000,000 for the building of our navy up to tonnage parity with Great Britain and to the treaty ratio with Japan. Reversing its attitude of several weeks ago, the committee voted unanimously to report the measure to the senate with a recommendation that it be passed at once. A similar bill is still stuck in the house naval affairs committee. D EFORE getting too far away from L) China, the latest developments in Manchuria must be recorded. With the assistance of friendly Chinese, in- it ,S - j eluding General Ma, who formerly fought them, the Japanese have carried out their plan to make Manchuria Man-churia a state independent inde-pendent of China. They created a new state of Ankuo which means "land of peace" and it was announced an-nounced that it would be ruled by Henry Fu- Henry Pu-Yl Yl- the yunS man who for a time was the "boy emperor" of China. Changchun Chang-chun was selected as the capital of Ankuo and public buildings there were being prepared for Henry's installation installa-tion which was set for March 1. It was believed he would be declared president or dictator for life. Of course the government of Ankuo will be quite subservient to Japan. This new state will not be permitted permit-ted to exist unchallenged, however. Already Al-ready rebellious forces have been collected col-lected and are reported to be moving mov-ing against Hsl Hsia, governor of Kirin province, and one of the leaders lead-ers who organized Ankuo. Their attack at-tack was directed primarily at Imiem-po, Imiem-po, 90 miles from Harbin. DELEGATES to the disarmament conference in Geneva will just talk until the Easter recess, which will begin March 19 and last probably two weeks. Then the subcommissions will get busy with all the proposals for armament reduction that have been made by the various nations. Meanwhile Mean-while the delegates can mull over these thirty-five plans and the draft convention offered by the preparatory commission. Such was the decision of the steering committee, which apparently appar-ently thought the delay would give things a chance to turn for the better. Ambassador Hugh Gibson and his colleagues col-leagues of the American delegation didn't like this arrangement at all and said so, but they were overruled for France, Germany and Great Britain were in no hurry to bring matters to a decision. FRANCE'S new premier is Andre Tardieu, and his ministry and policies pol-icies have been promptly given a vote of confidence by parliament. Tardieu will make no change in the French disarmament and reparations policies, he told the deputies. The government, he said, will participate in negotiations with a view to adjusting the reparations repara-tions schedule, but It will not permit repudiation of existing agreements. In the field of disarmament the new ministry agrees with the last that security se-curity is a prerequisite to reduction of arms. One change made by Tardieu, however, how-ever, was the subject of hot debate. He has united the army, navy and aviation avia-tion ministries into a single ministry of defense, the portfolio being given to Francois Pietri. The premier defended de-fended the plan warmly, pointing out that the unified ministry gave France a tremendous advantage over other countries in discussing any scheme of disarmament and would enable the nation na-tion to make drastic cuts, both budgetary and direct. In certain branches of armament without sacrificing sacri-ficing defensive strength. GOV. WILLIAM H. MURRAY ot Oklahoma Is now a full-fledged candidate for the Democratic Presidential Presi-dential nomination. Calling the newspaper news-paper men to the ex ecutive mansion m Oklahoma City, "Alfalfa "Al-falfa Bill" handed out a statement to that effect. In it he declared de-clared he would "make no trades, form no combination nor compromise com-promise on any principle" prin-ciple" for delegates or for the nomination. "If successful my hands will be free of ,, baneful influences," Gov' Murray he said. "I feel reasonably certain of the election if nominated." Thereupon this spectacular gentleman gentle-man departed for Indiana where be made a number of addresses calculated calculat-ed to further his ambition. Senator Burton K. Wheeler of Montana Mon-tana wrote to Governor Murray asking ask-ing his opinion of the senator's bill to establish a bimetallic currency, and the governor's reply shows he thinks as did William Jennings Bryan. "There can be no dispute about both gold and silver representing value, even without reference to value as money," he wrote. "Since a sound currency should represent a limited proportion of value, plus a reserve re-serve of actual money, and since there Is not sufficient gold to do this without with-out a diminution of the money in circulation, it would seem essential that silver should be added, as was Intended by the Constitution. "The government should coin a sufficient suf-ficient amount of money, gold and silver, sil-ver, to take care of normal business, and, in addition, a sufficient per cent to become the basis "for 'token' money, through bank currency. The world wdll suffer until that is done." SPEAKER GARNER'S plan for an economy committee to survey the possibilities of a reorganization of the government and reduction of federal fed-eral expenditures was accepted by the house, the resolution being adopted by a surprisingly large bipartisan majority. The committee, which is to report by April 15, was named and began be-gan its work by asking President Hoover for his detailed views on reorganization re-organization and economies. Drafting of the revenue bill Increasing Increas-ing taxes to meet the deficit was started start-ed by the house ways and means committee. com-mittee. The measure will include a manufactures sales tax that is expected expect-ed to bring in $600,000,000. Secretary of the Treasury Mills told the committee com-mittee that he didn't wholly approve of this feature but that the treasury would prepare a workable plan for assessment and collection of such an impost It is proposed to apply the tax at the point of final processing before the article goes to the wholesaler. whole-saler. The same tax is to be levied on imported articles in addition to the tariff. Representative Beck of Pennsylvania Pennsyl-vania made an eloquent appeal to the house to refuse the appropriation of $11,309,500 asked by the appropriation appropria-tion committee for the enforcement of prohibition during the fiscal year 1933. The house applauded him generously gen-erously and then voted to sustain the appropriation. EAMON DE VALERA'S fianna fail party won the elections in Ire-I Ire-I land and he is almost certain to be I the next president of the Free State. & ' VrnvO-U-' 'J, I -1 ' ..3 witn seven districts yet to elect, he and his labor allies have 77 seats in the new dail eirann, to 68 for the government party and its independent supporters. President Cosgrave said he nnd his party had decided to go into opposition and not to seek any alliance to keep the Eamon de fianna fail out of Valera power. The Irish Labor party, according to its leader, Thomas Thom-as Johnson, will go along with De Valera Va-lera in his program of economic reconstruction, re-construction, but it stands by the treaty with England, and if De Valera tries to abrogate this, the Laborites will turn his party out of office. They can do this, holding the balance of power. In Dublin it is believed the life of the new government will be short. THREE candidates will oppose Paul von Hindenburg for the presidency of Germany. The nomination of Adolf Hitler, leader of the Fascists or National Na-tional Socialists, was formally made, as was that of Theodore Duesterberg, head of the steel helmet organization, he being the Nationalist candidate. The Communist nominee is Ernst Thaelmann. The entry of Duesterberg and Hitler indicated that their attempt to unite on a candidate to run against Von Hindenburg had broken down. Hitler's headquarters recently had denied de-nied he was seeking the presidency. GOVERNOR ROOSEVELT of New York took the bull by the horns, defied Tammany and ousted from office of-fice Sheriff Thomas D. Farley of New York city. The governor said he was not satisfied with Farley's explanation of his income as reveaied by the legislative leg-islative investigation committee. Farley has said he would give his support to Roosevelt's candidacy for, the Presidential nomination, regard-! less of what action the governor might take in his case. Politicians did not agree on the possible effect of the governor's gov-ernor's action. IS). 1932. Western Newspaper UalolU 1 |