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Show I'liiiwiwwi . mi Wwiwl I ligjfflWMllMllll J ilf -AsWH How labor Is Keeping the Boys "Over There" Supplied Sup-plied With Rood and Ammunition Copyright, 3918, Tho International Syndicate. I"JT N TIMES of stress or danger, I whether personal or national. I comes the test o courage, forc-S forc-S sight and loyalty. Perhaps never in the history of the world has there been such a demand upon the resources re-sources of nations as at the present time. Every av,enue of trade, industry, comraercp and individual usefulness must lead to tho one great purpose, the husbanding of all tho strength of the country and the economic effective direction of It towards winning the war. Here and there one may hear of a pro-German or even the pacifist may-cry may-cry for peace upon any term, or thero may be Instances of turning the necessities neces-sities of the land to personal greed, but the great heart of the nation beats in unison with the plans of tho administration, ad-ministration, and everywhere and nearly everybody Is doing his or her "bit" to crush the hydra-headed monster mon-ster of Prussian militarism. This Is j truo in every walk of life and labor has done, Is doing and will do Its full share toward the much deserved end. Many men who failed to get In the army through somo physical disability disabil-ity are working in munition factories to help send powder to Germany through American guns. Men who at first were regarded as slackers have caught tho spirit of tho war for freedom free-dom and are offering their sor vices In any way ihe Government can use them. They have, been welcomed by the rich man's son and the workshops IW ERE. YOU WOMEN In office, ! 14 school teachers rfnd others who i -11 are shut up ail winter long, U f listen to what a group of young women have done ihls summer; and Prepare to follow their, example next summer, The manager of a big and fashionable fashion-able hotel was fishing around for somo way In which to provide fresh vegetables vege-tables for his table without tho necessity nec-essity of shipping them from a long distance as had been the custom thero. He met one of the young women. "Why don't you let us come up and raise your vegetables for you?" sho asked. "We don't know much about farming, but I suppose we can learn." And therewith was born a new occupation oc-cupation for women that of gardening garden-ing for big summer hotels. Made Good The irirlK wnnl Thnv lir mnrla IROod; so good In fact that the manager already la planning to go into tho enterprise on a much larger scale next year. But It U doubtful If a more pleasant and more healthful way could be found In which to spend a summer vacation than by going up to tlje mountains or down to the shore somewhere some-where and growing tho vegetables for a big resort hotel. At least that is the experience of the grqup of girls who have , blazed tho way for their sisters In this form of summer outing. The girls arc enjoying themselves immensely. im-mensely. They arc having a dandy limn, they admit it, "Why, I never are perfect hives of Democracy. Uncle j Sam has made the zone near these ; workshops "dry" and tho average i workman Instead of spending his money for drink now puts his savings I in Liberty Bonds and Thrift Stamps I Places along the mor front, which were formerly used for pleasure ' grounds, have been turned Into places for factories, antT'mcn who used to swim and loaf at these resorts arc now at work for all sorts of tilings must be ma'de for the boys "over there." Plants where "fire water" was recently re-cently distilled have been turned Into factories where apple butter Is made for the boys on the other side to spread on their bread. Black molasses Is also made from which alcohol is distilled and this combined with something some-thing else Is used In making explosives. ex-plosives. Men and women work In factories turning out acroplunc parts which are sent over In sections and assembled by American mechanics In France. Tho ship yards "are perhaps the most interesting of all and the determination with which the laborer works at these places makes the true American proud of such men. Great Shipbuilding At Hog Island, which is the largest of tho ship yards, over one hundred men were overcome by heat during the hot spell In tho early part of August. The plant was closed down for a day or so for the heat on the steel was intense, yet many of Ihe had a better time in my life," they all chimed in when the Interviewer asked them how they liked It, And he didn't wonder. Way up among the mountains and lakes of northern New Hampshire, within a few miles of the Canadian border and the country that hunters love, in the midst of a most beautiful and picturesque pic-turesque country that is where the eight young women who have started this new field of useful endcavpr arc spending the summer. Most of them are school teachers. They say this Is a hundred times better than being jicnned up in city or town during the heated season. "Fine Workers "They have gone far -beyond my expectations," said the manager of the hotel, discussing tho subject.. "I had my doubts when wo started the sciii-iuc, uui Liicse uoumis nave an vanished. van-ished. 3t Is inspiring to s'eo the earnestness earn-estness and the determination with which they go about the work. They enjoy themselves and they arc having a fine time, but they did not come up here with any idea of having merely a 'summer lark or even with the idea of making a lot of money. They came with a serious purpose, of helping to win the war by adding to the country's food supplies. The PI or) It was only necessary to take one look at the girls to see that they arc contented. Enthusiasm and Joy fairly beam from their faces. Two members mem-bers of t.ho eight alternate as hbusc- Milt &mm IIMfe ''hMM-qJk yyr f??s : - : i men declared that they preferred to work on, declaring that "the" Kaiser must have his modicine." These men each wear a badge of honor and besides, be-sides, they must show a pass containing contain-ing their photograph on entering the yard. Uncle Sam is taking no chances with German spies at this stage of the game. Ships are being launched nearly every ev-ery day, ninety-seven going down the ways from the various yards on July 1th. As fast as these ships are finished fin-ished they are loaded with food for our soldiers, including also the 120.-000,000 120.-000,000 Allies, who must bo fed and the amount of food sent over is stag gering. Vnst Number Of nifics Tho record of tho ammunition plants is almost unbelievable for, according ac-cording to tho War Department, 27,-000,000 27,-000,000 cartridges were made in one day for the United States troops. This number dess uot include tho cartridges car-tridges mads, for other countries. Tho dally record for the production of army rifles was broken in the week ending June 29th, when 55.79 1 modified modi-fied Enfield and Springfield rifles wcro produced. A. worker named Cahill in the rifle department of tho Midvalc Steel Company, at Eddystone, Pennsylvania, Penn-sylvania, assembled 2S1 model 1917 rlfies lu a ten-hour day a few weeks ago. This is the record but approximately approxi-mately each man now assembles 200. keepers for the group; but they all prefer the outdoor duties and are al-.ways al-.ways glad to get back into the garden work again. One of their delights on coming Into the house in the evening, after finishing the day's tasks, is to show the "housekeepers" what good appetites gardening gives them by repeating re-peating In chorus: "We want our dinner." "And we have good appetites," said one of the girls. "This life with the hoo and the rako is a great tonic. I can recommend It to anyone." To show how enthusiastic theso girls are. how eagerly and determinedly determined-ly they have entered into the task of raising food, one Illustration will an-' an-' swer. They went to the mountains to plant and cultlvato the war garden to provide peas, beans, lettuce and such vegetables for tho hotel. The large potato patch was a separate proposition, and the duty of caring for thM belonged to the workers on some of tho regular hotel farms, of which there are sixteen In all. covering 2.500 acres. However, there was a shortage of inar powor in that section as well as elsewhere throughout the country. And so voluntarily and without a suggestion sug-gestion from anybody elso tho girls got out into that potato patch one morning and there they stayed until all the cultivating and bug picking that, was necessary was done. And they kept this up. That is the way these school teachers teach-ers and otTlco girls are going to It up In the mountains of New Hampshire. Their homes are in Brooklyn, Now York; Rockland. Maine; Lakowood, New Jersey, and Kecne, New Hampshire. Hamp-shire. Here They Arc Miss Cecilia D. Emerson, of Lake-wood, Lake-wood, N. J.. assistant secretary In the Y. W. C. A there, is the leader of tho group. She has two brothers In i France. Tho other Lakewood girls are Mlsa Etta M. Johnson, teacher in When this same factory was assembling assem-bling rlfies for the British 50 was the average. Today the men are working j for tho glory of American prestige and It makes a difference. When compli- mented Mr. Cahill's only remark was "I guess our boys' will need them in the trenches." Our aeroplane factories are working overtime to get out the required number. num-ber. On one or two occasions spies havo tampced with aeroplane wires, but fortunately this was discovered In time and none of the Inferior parts were sent over. Many women work In these factories as well as in the gas mask factory, where thousands of these protections against German cruelty are produced. Labor on the farm is just as essen- I How They Are Raising Food In War Garden for a Fas?-1 ionable Hotel Volunteer Women Furnishing Autos and Helping To Gather Fruit Their Success On Regular Farms Copyright. 101S, Tho International Syndicate. the graded schools; Miss Elsie L. Johnson, klntergarten teacher; Miss Anna Lc Compte, kindergarten teacher; teach-er; Miss Ada C. Willctt, manager of a business office there. Miss Edna C. Whltcomb, of Keene. N. H., is a student In the domestic art department qt Columbia University. Miss Elizabeth Harrer, of Brooklyn, Is a teacher In tho New Tork public schools. Miss Martha S. Barllctt. of Rockland, Rock-land, Maine, is also a teacher. Next year er-.ch of these girls will be fitted to take charge of a group and carry out similar work clsowhcro. They are getting valuable experience and training this year. Henry Is teaching them thaMs, Henry Bcmls, the farmer and Is directing them In their work. But Henry says they arc tho most apt pupils and that he "only has to tell them a thrag once and then they go right ahead and do it without any mistakes." " J I tlal as in the factory and somo of the ' cantonments have war gardens where food to help tho soldiers Is grown. The great West has brought forth a won- UCriUl nurvusi unu 11 uur ijuujji-s m obey the food laws we will be able to feed ourselves and our Allies. Some of our cantonments requlro more buildings and labor Is at work there rushing up barracks for the new men as our army Increases In Washington Washing-ton great buildings have been put up to meet war conditions and the city has increased In population about 20,-000. 20,-000. Many of these are workmen come to help. Uncle Sam in this great crisis leaving their work in civil life. Tho Secretary of Labor. Honorable William B. Wilson and Mr. Samuel Gompcrs, the head of tho labor unions, un-ions, aro doing all In their power to assist the laboring man in winning the war. Tho housing and feeding1 of laborers is another problem and millions of dollars arc being spent on this, especially espe-cially In the housing, as hundreds of homes havo been erected near large plants. Theso are rented to the la borers at a nominal sum. Commissaries Commis-saries where good food at cheap prices Is furnished for the laborers havo risen like magic and are to be found near every factory. Great plants have been taken over by the Government Govern-ment and thousands of workers are turning out shoes and clothing for our boys "over there." War Labor Board All questions affecting the 50,000 workers in essential plants at Bridgeport Bridge-port arc submitted to a War Labor Board, and an agreement to abide by tho lattcr's decisions Is posted in every factory In the city. Strikes amounted to little and were settled before n German propaganda could spread over the plants. The high cost of living was the main feature of the last strike I and this was settled in a short time. I ' 1 IsMi-m v mm.- ? m WSUii- -Warn i Tho girls hae a piano In their cottage cot-tage and they help to pass the short evenings (they retire early) with singing sing-ing and music. They are all very fond of "Zip," the dog. It was a red-letter red-letter day for him when he was allowed al-lowed to follow the girls into the garden gar-den to have their picture taken. A Social Register Group Women arc helping in war garden vork at another big summer " hotel. The Greenbrier at White Sulphur Springs, in tho West- Virginia AUe-ghenles. AUe-ghenles. Somo of the farmerettes there are women whose names are familiar in the social columns of the country. They too seem to be enjoying enjoy-ing the work they are doing In helping help-ing to save the garden product which is being grown there. A great deal of interest has been aroused In the war gardens there; and in that section sec-tion of West Virginia every available plot of ground has been turned into vegetable patches. Besides raising fresh vegetables a lot are being canned. The caddie boys with their caddlo master, for Instance, picked more than ten bushels of beans one morning before they began their work on the links: and the women helped. The Bryii Mam' Plan Another move in which women aro helping to save food and which has tho hearty approval of the National War Garden Commission of Washington, Washing-ton, Is known as the Bryn Mawr plan. The scheme Is In operation along tho "main line" out of Philadelphia under the direction of Mrs. Andrew Wright Crawford, of Bryn Mawr; nnd It has been adopted elsewhere. This service to save war garden crops consists of having women with automobiles at their disposal volunteer to go out and help pick tho fruit or garden product and haul It to the market or cannery. Mrs. L. D. Drewry; chairman of the war garden committee In Cincinnati, is one of tho workers who has followed fol-lowed this plan. Woman's Land Army Divisions of the Woman's Land Army arc making so good this year that Jt Is probable their numbers and Tho majority of these Bridgeport j firms make ammunition and are, ol f course, classed as "essential" plants, f Women's Work ' ft Tho existing shortage of labor ag. gravated dally by the military ani naval demands of the Government; which require a greatly increased pro. duction of the war materials and at tho same time the withdrawal fron civilian occupation of about a quarter of a million additional recruits each month necessitates wide spread resource re-source to the labor of women In the. United States. In order that their services may bo fully utilized and their' working power conservod a clearly defined de-fined policy Is needed which shall !t" tcrminc what kind of work woraca should perform, how they should bes bo Introduced, under what condltloai they should be employed and whit work should be. prohibited. Standardj is to hours, night work and conditions condi-tions of labor have already been provided pro-vided by the Government in orders issued is-sued by the Chief of Ordnanco and u. -.. ..i L - i i nit) yuiui-ijuaan;i ucucui in recommendations recom-mendations made by tho War Board, which must be observed by all employ, era. In many of the plants classes la English have boon organized for (h9 workmen from other lands. Not only does the knowledge of English facilitate facili-tate their work, but they come to learn that to be an American citizen means more freedom than to be that j of any other nation and that the American laborer is tho best housed 1 and best fed laborer In the world, also that his work for the war Is aiding the laborer of other lands to a better con- i dltlon. Truly as a prominent Englishman has said: "To tho English the war U a sport, to tho French it Is a sacrifice, and to the American it is a job," and ono in which labor plays a reat part, their opportunities for service will be j more than doubled next year. The j success, for instance, of the Garden Club's farmerctto squad in Cincinnati , has been so marked, according to reports, re-ports, that their work will be greatly j expanded next spring. Much to the surprise of their backers :hcy "paid ineir way ironi ui smu, ' Another phase of girls' work m I food production which deserves mention men-tion is that being dono at the Nassau Cottage Association, Hempstead. Y.. under tho capable supervision ot Miss Florence M. Greenwood. Tno girls who are being cared for there, girls who arc sent there by the court? and who need careful supervision tor a time, have been interested in t9 garden and food conservation work. They knew nothing of this when tno entered the home, but have taken -the cultivating of their vegetable patch and the canning of fruits an vegetables with a keen delight Ai kinds of garden products aro being stowed away on the pantry shelves at Hempstead for winter use. All this work which the women oi the nation aro doing In growing woo is carrying out the call of the National War Garden Commission to "Sow the Seeds of Victory," and' turn the bacf yards and vacant lots evcrywhero W "munition plants;" and then to "Can Vegetables and Can tho Kaiser Too. As the draft Increases with the continuance con-tinuance of tho war. women will called on more and moro to perforin essential war services; and amor. these that of producing and sav.Oo food is one of the most important-Moro important-Moro and more new occupations ! be open to them, and they will n0t hesitate to fall into lino when the op-portunltyprcsents op-portunltyprcsents Itself for them t be of senvice to the natlon f Hero is a call to you. women o. . America; a call fim the mountain? ; and the shore. Those of you who are ; in school houses or in offices all win- i tcr long, find a place where you can go next summer and raise a war garden. gar-den. You will bo helping yourselves : nnd your country at the same time-You time-You will be helping to feed the boys in France. |