OCR Text |
Show THE DAIRY. Tho Cow nnd the Weather. The relation of the comfort of the cow to the cash received by her owner for her products Is one that every dairy man should study with much interest. Those conditions enough good food nnd pure water, shelter fiom the halt of summer and storms of winter, and kind treatment are Just the conditions man denuinds for his own comfort and Just what would be rlue every nnlmnt from every owner, for humnnlt)'s sake, even were there no business lelatlous between be-tween them. What Is the effect of the various condition con-dition of w other upon the animal anyway? The body of tho cow, which Is a complicated piece ot mechanism, Is so constructed as to do lis work best nt a lemperatuie of about 101 degrees F Any marked deviation from the normal temperature Indicates an abnormal or diseased rondltlon of the body This temperature Is maintained by the generation gener-ation ot hfat'wlthiii tho body itself. In- dependent of outside conditions, but in I ! accordance with their demands, one use of the food eaten belnr that of fuel to be burned In keeping the body warm, , Not only must the body be warm j enough, but it must not be too warm. So, when tho air is warmer than the j body Itself, molstuie Is brought to the surface nnd Ihe evaporation of thls-has ' J the necessary cooling effect. Then, again, the body must be kept dry, and, Just os fuel Is necessary tor production of steam in the holler, so Is fuel neces- sary In tho body or the cow for the evaporation of snn,v or rain from her hack and side Prof, F. II. King, In I jfJJ his Agricultural rhyslcs, Is authority Hjffl for the statement that ' It a cow evapo- rates from her body four pounds of water she must expend the equivalent of J 39 pounds ot milk solids" in so do-1 When we stop to think It over, there- foie, wu come to the conclusion that HjfcBJ tho food of the cow serves some very Important uses In her body aside from HB being converted into the product we desire for market, machinery must be jfj kept going, the waste repaired and the temperature maintained In following nut the fninlllnr law of self-preserva- Hon, which Is said In be the first law nt nature, these functions nre performed first, and. If need be, at the expense even of that product Intended for the nurtuin ot offspring. If, then, a pront- able How of milk Is to be maintained, not only must feed be supplied for Its jfj manufacture, but for those other neces allies of the body, which vary to meet the demands Imposed by outside condl- IkfljU tlons. These nre fncts familiar, prob- lasBK ably, to every reader of this hint, and iVjBt )et, how few lenllze their practical IHBbT bearing on their own work. Gordon II. "-'iHBjr True, Arizona Experiment Matlon. 'BBji Differences In Dairy Cows. iflVJ 1-veryone who has had any exp -' ' AVfl ence with milk cows knows that Ine iUflYsi vlduuls vary greatly as to milk r' JtsVi diictton. The ability to determine w, liVcH rows me returning profit Is essential IH, In successful dairying. This Is not ItflV alwuys so eus), but It can be dune hv IIbH tho cuieful weighing and testing ot iJBM milk and keeping an account of tho feed used. In bulletin 60, just Issued I'bbH by thn UllnolH experiment station, '' I'rof. W. J Prasei of the dairy depart- ifljBH ment gives tho result in testing two tJBJB cows Both were grade of no known i tBJBT bleeding. One was nine years old and ivflB the other six) ears. The feed consisted 'isasH of n fair quality of clover hay, tho iflHI green feed available during the season '.hbbB beginning ubout April 10th and a mix .asH tuie or concentrates made urt ot corn IbbH meal, gluten meal, wheat bran, ground hBBsl oats and oil meal, lloth cows wrra : bH given the same treatment and feed, ibH but It was found that for every 100 ibbbbbI pounds of butter fat produced by Nora, tho other cow, Jtose, produced 187 I ibH pounds. Whllo this Is a vast differ- 'ibbbH encu k is by no means as great as -bbbbI may frequently be found among the IbbbbI cows of many dairy herds In Illinois HB In BUiumail.InK Prof Fraser calls Ibbbb1 attention ta the fact that one cow may H pioduce twice ns much butter fat as IsBBBBs! another on exactly the same feed basis. tH and thnt a good row well cared fop IbbbbbI may produce Hyo limes us niiuh a .iBbbB the average cow of the United States. 'BbbI or nearly an much as three "profitu aH bio cow for Illinois He is convinced, SjbbH that nearly all dairymen keen a por? "IbbbbbI tlon ot their herds at an actual loss, "IbbbbI H u. it H c, jlu I tJlluhir r L)i t H ,'. thnt iUi not in" up I H t u dard Breud tile twst cows I" H mi os of known excellence an 1 In H lity and mint ymir own heifer H i i B i Dairy Cows Mutt Hav rotteln rood B M U has bcn a Id anil written In H r t i o th food strong In protein H r i cow With mirh foods they H 1 , ned on for iroo'1 results, hut H Tl If ntial One of th larirest dalry- M K I, Maine euMi the Maine Farmer B fa ( ( inter feeds his cotv and se- Hi vv c j It results when usIimT cotton B Si i ,nd bran exclusively with his HB CI ) iirf Another lareje dairyman B 1 v v inking a critical study of tnest S in i n in his own bains, atatr that ir ' u, rn stover ensilage and hay fod V protein ial fd are wanted " t ,i, rni flow of milk ami keep II i in i r i t r condition nt the same HBI s ii t, the above as so idtratlcB r luuld sli" mii' attention to 1 ... t i it of more protein etui n , tir. Thi general iff nit am inn , n n nose Is to Kins arbonacciius ) i ini'.ii exclusively )3om Mr ex H ' v h! Ii l now rrlvlnsj o wide , ,i ,t n m n. To I ler crop tooth In the L ,, , I In the stock ii ihl'llv a H .y L ius fidder materlnl J, i v is a mntrlal ilrh In the B rt r i, ir (led Tnn other kinds it H . I n folder products have been i I uu ht t the public attention of late ,', i.r r to the sojn ir roy If an and j ,i t iutlirrn con pes, which Is not In H j t t a ' at all but rnther a kind of . I ii 'I h-latter of tliene plants u here w i r n lie ! rtssfutly Krown Is provInK H ,r , in! nih as a pmteln produst Hev- , r i r the stations have been growing H ti ii iuI'o "uucssmily H j rroftt In Maintaining the Milk Flow. H t mil h more feed will It requlm HMj r t i rbt in a mJ (low of lnllli lias Veen HJ rn i ubje ot Investigation at the K K niJ ixperiment station Three HH r mi rrpresentlnK n 'air averaH ot HBv ur Kansas inlkh rows w.re fed H J, v heat straw ground wheat and cot- H j, t'liic I mial The cows were arcus. B tomed to I lie cottonseed meul grj lu HB nil by starting with on half pound B i and In reining a nuarter of a pounl dalll uitll the maximum cf four pounds per day per head was reached HH i This tiansltlon period toiUliel four- Hfl teen ilns Ah this' com hail been t 1C elvlng soiglium pasturp and airalfa , ha) Hr did not wish the straw at J ilrit and were allowed C2 pounds uf i nltairi hay eaih during the transition l tod Hie following figures gl the ' results in the production of butter fat HH . Dally pioduitiuii or butter fat per tow i j pn-wuui to expeilment 30 days Tt ( pound dally produitlnn of butter fat I nr co v during transition period 14 las a pound dall production of S ' butter fat per low during experiment, aj 0 du j k, 3 (2 iiound BBC Tile leductiuu of one tenth pounl In BBS the dally production of butter fat is BBS accounted fur in the sudden change BB from succulent pasture to dry straw Bfl and the Incrtane In the lictatlon BBS period After the cows wore ntcus- BBa tomed to the change the production BBS I of milk and butter fnt wus falrll unl- BBS ' form During the tlilrtj dus under BBB . ' i xperiment these three tows consumed BBS ' 1410 rounds of wheat strnw 510 pounds BBS J of ground wheat, 2114 pounds of cot BBS tonecd meal BBS Accorllng to experiments reported In BBS Press Dullctin No 102 these cows BBS would consume ns much or mom striw BBS and 3f0 pounds of wheat of the above BBS grain as a maintenance ration this BBS leaves 230 pound of ground wheat and BBS 244ti iiounds of cottonseed meat to be BBS charge 1 ngnlnst the butter fnt account BBS At II per hundred for wheat mil II M BBS per hundred for cottonseed uienl this Bfl would amount to 13 US During this time these thiee cows rrodticed 50 2 BBS pounds of butter fnt U 17 cents per BBS pound (the price piomlses to be con- Bfl rlderabl) hither during the winter) the BSj financial account stands as rnllows Bfl t alue of .0 2 pounds butter fat, 19 65 Bfln cost of feel " l"i total proilt, 13 (j BBS profit per cow Jl 19 BBS In the nboie account the skim milk BSJ to piy for the hauling With goo BB ir-inngeincnt It will more than do this BBS It will be noticed thnt this experl- BBB ment lepresents an extreme tnse BS Ncarls ccr farmer has some corn or BS Knfllr corn fodler millet sorghum BBS ' bay prnlrle haj red clover, nlfnlfn BBS c'lt hnj or even out stiau thnt lie W can use Instetd of or In lace of part BSD "f he wheat straw with much lietter H lesults Anj of these rough feed villi BSJ enable the cIhIdiuuu to teduce the BB1 , amount of irain needed here red J clover or nlfalfn is nvallible little or BBBJ . no cottonieed -hI Is require 1 H i " Ccedlnt. i i" h cows on a milk BBBJ , ration n fnrmci will not onlj save nor mone) thin he Hnuld In wiuter them on it inalntensneo latlnn but he BJBJ will k.ep his cows In the habit of gl. BSfli L? milk (a very Important point) will BBfl JinPiA0 .p V" rr""n'-3 skimming BBI ntlon and cheese factorv operating BBBJ on n pajlng Imsls nni will have his BBBJ , ""'""" " n Pinntal.le Invest- BBS! W? '" ,hf 'rrlnB lf ' "'en daslres ilB ' h" enn dlspo-e of nn of his surplus H 'lock nt hlih prices p pSBJJ Ayrshlros ns a Unity Type BBBJ The vrshlie la leguidel b the lend- BBJJ Ing ndvocntea of the breed as pureli n H dnjry tvpe Ileaf characteristics when BSJ taken Into consideration at all In the BBB show ring are t onslderml onlv as dotrl 1 menial to the Ileal Avrshlie tow This point determined then it Is netessurv to judge Avrshlie cows solely b the standard of celIenco for dairy produc -lion Practical utllltv an I unmlstak nblo evldcn e of suiwilor clulrv ciualltles rrc fir SllOUl 1 lie the llrul lKlrlar,,lu bh v icj or siioui i no tne urvt lesiderutum und bic 1 fashion and fancy imlnts Bfl should Iiim mil) minor consideration Consl1(i 1 lei) from the standpoint Bfl 't "' "lr pioduetiui a number or the H co eshiliitixl at the l'an merlcan ex- Bfl. I pniiiM i Hive cvldi nee or altogether too H I mu b Inclination to cnaiseneas and sur- H ,1 Plus fit n and were deficient in the pin- Bit I 1101"' ' '""y ro,m tvi ","1 etpres- SB I s H xi ression 1 rrrei rhletl) in Bfll I (be v 1 in, or nerve us vitality Incli Bfln cnu I b the head I have novel vet BBS! seen a. good dairy cow that did not give H " evlJ net or vltalltv and neive und phy- fl i alral f in In ilia i xpreasl m of the heud H and y i ows with blank expressions BB will I"' wr spondingl) Indlnel to In BSJ femr lecordn ( onstltutlonal vigor and BSE digestive capicdty utii uiiiong the llrst J "3 ntlnls unl mu ng tie evidences of J large dally ro1uctlin the first reciul BSE sIK Is a. Will formed uddc r and well de- veloped muinmarv v.lns Hiid a good cli- BBbJ , culututv k (.nni n dcxcloped row BBBJ (' that produces well is certain to give BBBH ' j evHtnct of It In these hlef ehainrler Sflji isl Istlcs A numUei of ther leatuics en BSfll J j ter In for minor consideration onlv BBSS In "ie ,lns which wus the subject of BBS !, the moit contioveisy It was the cow BBS1 I with distinct and pioniumcd dalrv tvpe BB I thut won 'Ihls cow was u little under BBfl I1 size but ciiticism piarilcall endel BBn there una the under size was mote ap- BBSi parent tlun rcul owing to her stundlnir J on remaiknbl) strong legs Mie had Jj decidedly the best udder an I the m ,t BHi clean cut rtuliy tv, of am enw In the BSfll r'R !t was huld thnt she was bectv BBSJ a but she wus not On the iontrai ho SB vax fioer from a tenden v tow unl H I coursencss und surilun il sit tnan uu of BBV her rivals 'J he row thit won lint m BBB I' thn two-year-old ring and wax subse flfl i quently awarded the rhaini lonshlp ov BBfl (.11 ares, more nearly uppioaitu I this Bfl type than any other unlmnls in the BSE V show, I believe thut boih decislon weie BBfln correct, although It Is unusual to i n flflf , a heifer over a mature cow Ihc I im BBfl I naB pl"Ced at the head of her e las I y BBfl unanimous verdict of the JuJl i, BBI was awarded championship by tn vut BBI of two members of a cominltte c r ihitc Bfl ' tl10 'her vote being cast fcr the cuv, 11 I 1 e I I t 1 I ! h t I s m j i i -, ii h iii i i c in th jg 1 Ut tl n w is iull Ju tl m 1 b her vml itlm from the ac-cei nd tvpe It Is tru that there were a number num-ber of cows highly prised by some of the critics that were or quite a radically different type, but it was a type that suffered In comparison with that of the jrlso wi ners In both the two-ear old and the age I rlnss l'rnf Curtis Ill-lector Ill-lector of Iowa r xperiment Station Tho Creamery Trust. There has been traveling through the press of the country a statement that l arties Interested in the Continental creamery at Topeka Kan, were contemplating con-templating much more extended plan of worh than they were now engaged In that Is, to take In all of the creameries cream-eries of tho country It was stated In the press reports that the company had tven ortnjf2J -with a capital of MOWS MO-WS 000 that distributing dei-ota were to be rstabllahej at Chicago New lork. and Doston, arsl that th manufacture and sal of caMmerr butter would be absolutely controlled by the comtl nail na-il h This Is another one cf the dreams that come occasionally to people who look Into the future but w marrely believe It possible 1 1 bring about such an or-ginuMtlon or-ginuMtlon if such vast magnitude where so many smalt Int rests are to be combine I Later on slnm the above was written it Is r ik rti d further In the papers that the manager of the Continental creamery cream-ery at Topeka stated the ocheme was not at present being pushed They had found some oljst.lcles In the way of this combination that they had not been able to overcome Hlgln Aeport That Dairy Smell. There is one feature uf the pi hate dairy that in nearly every Instance so far as my observation has gone Is lamentable la-mentable neglected that Is the drainage. drain-age. Let us for Instance take one or the most expensive and fashionable dairy houses built on n hill If you (lease and on a hot day In summer give the drainage of that milk house a close Inspection savs a correspond ent of the Jersev Itulletln "iou will rrobably find that the pipes run underground under-ground at the legulatlon depth down bill perhaps a hundred yards and then come to the surface In a clump of bushes Vow go to those bushes and walk all around them so as to be sure and get on the lee side where the wind will bring ou the odor of deceiving slops from the d-ilrv Hear lu mind that about one-fourth the time tho wind blows in the dltectlon of the Jail v -house from these bushes, carrj-Ing carrj-Ing all the bad odors right back where they mint fiom raising the mischief with the cream milk or butter that h i pens to be exposed to them Ihe case su posed lefers to the best mjnnged drainage as a rule but how in It with the averahe milk hou'e' lhat can safel be left to the Imngl nation of the leader Ml this danger and trouble should be reme lies by some simple device fo a disinfecting sink right ut hum) but constructed under scientific rules 1 know In the case of large public Institutions this Is now being done We had late iaf of It at one of the Kentucky In sane asjlunn where the drainage was led to a creek the farmers living along the creek sued the nsvlum nnd tho courts compelled the authorities to put lu a dlslnrerllng plant thnt now works line ( ould not this Idea on a smaller unl cheaper scale lie made effective for prlvuti use In the dairy; I will say nothing about Its use In those creameries creamer-ies that as sjine say ou can smell lone, bvfire jou can see them A Test for Good Butter. The good boua wife who said 'The vva to taste good butter Is to smell It, was surely un expert Jucc,e of butter but-ter riiu tact Is that n really good Judge of butter sellout tastes It, but depends upon the sennet of smell and sight The dealer who reall) knows and deals In kckkI butter can at any time when he is tasting a crock or roll ot butler be seen to ver carefullv pass It In review berure his olfactory nerve, and to break It and note the ai pear-ance pear-ance of the broken surfuccs, savs the -Mlchlgun 1 'armer Hie true flavor or butter can be cpilikls tested In the entlretv of a tackage In this manner while It the sense of taste alone were depended upon and the package was not even quallt) the fact might go unnoticed The qunullt) ot salt In the butter can of course onlv lie determined h tust lug It Hie surfice exposed when n package or sample of butter Is broken should exhibit what Is known as a good grain lhat means that it should havo v clearly defined granular surface similar sim-ilar to that round on the broken sur-raee sur-raee or east Iron or good quality. Do not rail to apply these tests when pass Ing Judgment en the quillty or buttei Their careful obseivanee mil a little practice will make vnu nn expert Milk in Mexico. A II Ilullt a former Kansun now of Chlhu ihui Mex Is at loiwku. says the Kiinwis Cltv Journal organizing u dalr cumpunv to opemte In Mexico fur which he sn)s there Is a great opening having run a dlr at Chihuahua Chihua-hua foi three jcuii.unil made mone) He wishes now to 1 lunch out and establish es-tablish dallies In sixty Mexican towns and came to Kansas tin capital to lloat a. compnnv and most or tt has been seemed Mexicans he savs are grent milk consumers using a tea spoonful or coffee to a cup of hot milk For the oust two yeais milk has sold ut HO cents a gallon supply net equaling equal-ing demand Mexicans use little battel bat-tel preferring cheese I.atei Mr Hunt Hu-nt will take down a trnlnload it American Amer-ican cows He finds It dlllleult t) get in i to go to Mexico to take charge of dairies Why Dehorn P Mau fill-mere are ocised to dehorning dehorn-ing until thev lose some valuable animal an-imal which. If saved would pa tho rxpiiss of the removal of ail horns oh that farm th remainder ot the owner s lift However ihls Is onlv one of the m iny reason why horns should be removed re-moved In many Instances we havo vhwid the dressed carcasses of anl nuils which hove been gored by a vicious vic-ious niembi r or the herd and they pie-(anted pie-(anted a vers bad condition when plated upon th- market Those who have pruetlced the method of dehorning dehorn-ing foi u Aw yeain aie ever ready to recommend the work from th fact that tht get perfect satisfaction Iiom th uiciation by the doollitv und qui mem of the animal, and because th nn be fed und watered all tn bethel and uie a euell) handled and cared foi is u tlotk of sheep In olden times It wiit the custom of oui grand-sin" grand-sin" to prize the polished horns of the bovine but with the passing of the Hint lock und muisle-loaillng guns we have but littlo use an) uior foi horns at least along that Hue And we have no doubt lhat In those eatly davs hornB were not as Injurious both to ownei and other members of th herd as in this age of storming activity I At the present day we tlnd but very few sound horns growing upon animals over two )cui or age as most of tliem become dliceased fiom the ravages ot tho horn II) and an animal thus uf. Illet, i will not do well We Imve roun 1 ninny cases where th stock wus not eloing well and upon examination ex-amination roun 1 that the pell of th animals was diseased by , r ravages or the hoin II) the home eaten hulf clt tl) base f the horn uftei beeom ing Inllim I l inrc-.ted with maggita 1 the anini il mns I n in f h i l fort" iu ntij i s i i n i in i II h ihu wouu iut ui if th i jii c evold of h ni nop' being I f r the Ilv to rk y mv v ho he foil wed the tin I ing of h ms In our sertin fcr a number of eais are n ding the fact that their herds are ast breeding oft the horns anl natural nat-ural r)H or mooleys are taking their place, and especially la this true with the Hhotthom and Durham breeds ilany however, adhere to the belief that th removal of horns especially from grown animals Is a cruel dead and we readily agre with them unless romovrl In the proper manner The horn on an adult animal should be clipped with a sharp pair of horn clipper clip-per making a clean cut and not be haggled off with a saw nnd left oien and torn, leaving a frightful wound that takes months to heal over Wter the horn has been removed a healing application should be placed upon the wound Application of tar oi nit sufficient for a thing thut Is worth doing do-ing at all Is worth doing right n excellent ex-cellent healing solution Is mad is follows fol-lows One gall in pure linseed oli one pint equal pstts arnica turpentine carbolic car-bolic acid nnd tincture of Iron Place solution In machine oil can and applj Immediately to surface of wound Hlnce diseased horns ar" so i omtnon we find that the carotid artery lies so closely exposed to the bise of the horn that It Is often difficult to remove a large horn without severing some of Its prominent feeding veins which must be tnkn up This operatl n Is quite difficult for man) however by sticking a common steel pin through the end of the small artery and giving It a few twists the Moo! Is taslly stopped and the pin with the scab, drops off easll) in course of time This method Is much easier and Just as effective ef-fective as tying the artcrv The proper time to dehorn Is when the animal Is small as the operation Is not then so severe A few apjlha-tlnns apjlha-tlnns or caustic potash to the )oun horn will nearly always remove It but It Is a veiy dingerous operation unless extreme ear Is taken to keep it from coming In contact with the bale hun 1 A lietter way is to secure r dehorning gouge which will soon pay for Itself on any firm and can b secured at nn) general hardware store VAlih this Instrument In-strument one can remove the embro rrom smalt calve rrom two to ten weeks oil or As long tho horn Is loose upon Hit ill and as the wound Is slight and heals In a rew weeks the cair Is left to grow the form of a natural nat-ural poll with but little Inconvenience. Geo Ilrown, In Ohio runner Kemovo the Horns. The world Is moving It Is not twen-t) twen-t) )ears since the triuacie began In favor fa-vor or dehorning animals that were to go In the feed lot At the llrst mention men-tion of such u pioposal m in) were horrified hor-rified They cried out against It as cruel and barbirous hven humane societies brought men Into the courts who began to practice it. The Ontnrli Legislature went so far as to appoint u commissioner to take evidence on tho question nnd to teport upon tho same Articles without number nppeared In the ngrlculluril press pro and con discussing dis-cussing the question but at the first tieurl) all of them were against the practice It was not easy to get any one with courago to come out boldly nnd champion Ihc cause Think of the great change In public sentiment during those brief years No one now talks about the cruelty of dehorning Nobod) fears to do It lest public opinion opin-ion should be down on him ho one believes be-lieves thnt dehorning If Judiciously done will prove nnythlng clso than a sense of gain Hut a tool mnn) do not dehorn through sheer neglect The I ractlce should not be neglected unless un-less lu the case of breeding cattle In which the horns arc nn Indication of certain things of which It may be de-slrublc de-slrublc to Judge through the niellum of the same liven when tho weather Is moderately cold cnttlo tiny safely bo dehorned, which are to go Into the feed lot Hut they should not be dehorned de-horned In extremely cold weather unless un-less when good protection can be provided pro-vided for a few dn)s subsequent!) Minneapolis Parmer |