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Show HOBSON ADVISES SINGLE WAR BODY - - By Richmond P. Hob ton ' and orer Francs In 1I7&-T1, and It la to this council that aha chiefly owes her masterful efficiency . m the - present straxsia atralnat tha combined world. The establishment of such a council coun-cil after their defeat Is the chief causa of the rise to war efficiency of Frames Japan as shs entered the family of nations copied tha German pattern lu national defense, and her superior council of defense Insured swtft victory oyer China and then tha startling victory vic-tory over Russia. Too consequences of beme; without such a council earn out m a striklnc way In tha Russian conduct of that war. Discord between the military and diplomatic acancles paralysed ths for-eminent. for-eminent. Russian diplomacy brought on tha war acalnst the protest of ths military before the military waa ready, and then likewise) eoncluded pears with Japan before the military could exert IU full power. This dlaoord In Roeetaa policy cave Japan tha vlctorjr and Russia Rus-sia tha defeat. The very first step to brlns; order out of apparent military chaos and o reestablish efficiency and restore Russia aa a potential factor in the war la to establish aa speedily as possible a new council of defense, with representatlaei from all tha vartoua factions soldiers committee, workmen's eommtttes, the Duma, ths provisional executive and, of course, the technical or ear-rice branches of the army and navy. It la to be hoped that Mr. Root's commission commis-sion may render prompt assistance In this Una of constructive reorganisation. reorganisa-tion. MISTAKE OF ENGLAND. Tha lack of a council of nation si defense de-fense In Great Britain came - out strontfy In ths discord of tha diplomatic diplo-matic civil and military aceneles during dur-ing ths Boer war. Out of tha oon fusion fu-sion came the beginning of a council of national defenee In Engrnnd, but the ' return of pears left ft tn lather lnde terminate condition, and tha deplorable state of unpreparedneea in which the J great war found the United Kingdom waa largely the result. I waa able in tha Sixty-first and Sixty -second congresses to gat a unanimous unan-imous report from the naval committee of the house. Democrats and Republicans Republi-cans alike, for a bill to establish a council of national defense for America. When this bin finally came up for consideration con-sideration under suspension of ths rules, it waa ruthlessly sidetracked and practically killed to make way for the publlo buildings bill, a big pork barrel bill, pending at the aaraa time. Thia bill was cited by name In a Naval Expert, Former Member of Cs . Recess, Hera of Santiase Battle Siege. ' CHICAGO. June . War la. In many ways, a great scavenger agency for social organisms. With the world on fire, every nation should now look to Its own vital processes. In ordinary times vested wrongs are hard to ap-" ap-" foot. Tha old path is the line of least ' resistance ' . In tha fiery furnace of war wlss , governments cap talis quickly long - steps In ths line of social progress; they can take quirk drastic measures to cheek degeneracy. Ws can rest assured that the Oer-' Oer-' man government, with scientific- thor-, thor-, pughneaa. Is taking advantage of the great war to fortify Ita nation's vital . forces. Wa need not anticipate any ' Internal weakening of that nation's - powers of resistance or aggression ' whllo ths war continues. On the con-I con-I trary. wa may well expect the war to Lad 'produce a steady rise in Germany's I vital forces, whether turned to the ' competitions of pescs or ths strife of srsr. . , EXPERTS TO RULE WORLD. ' I will cite one llrustration. The higher the social evolution the better - will be the differentiation of functiona sr division of labor, along with the higher harmony and general cooperation coopera-tion of parts, requiring longer training nd preparation of the individual. The higher world'a work is dons by experts, ex-perts, for which a long course of train- Ing and education is required. The - dominating nations of ths futurs will be nations of experts. The nation that aspires to lead ths world in peace or In war. In this age, must be an edu- cated nation. An analysis of ths antecedents of sorrow that tha great war finds Germany Ger-many tha only really educated nation in tha world. NATIONAL SOBRIETY VITAL. Thara is another teat of national survival sur-vival that goea even deeper than education edu-cation : that Is ths test of degeneracy. A nation oan be uneduoaled and live, though not in leadership. A nation must be sober or perish. As ws enter upon this great war, let ua harmonise our national Ufa with tha great laws of nature, It la now possibls qulokly to eliminate elimi-nate the wholesale degeneracy that la going on. particularly In our great cities. Our first great duty of tha war la for tha prealdent and congress, the governors snd legislatures of the stales, ths executive aad legislative bodies of our el tie, to Join with the temperance and prohibition. forces and all proceed without delay to eliminate the liquor traffic the causs of tha dla-eaae, dla-eaae, and In 'he shortest time to make America a sober nation, the soberest nation In ths world. POLICY AND OXJtAND STRATEGY. Press reports from Washington indicate in-dicate a continuing ootrflV-t between consreasajidthepresldont. especially power to tha prealdent as war measures meas-ures In accordance with tha admlnle-tratlon'a admlnle-tratlon'a program. Tha president was right In his demand for tha conscription con-scription bill, snd hs was because ths public sentiment of the nation, aroused by the press, stood behlna mm. It does not follow that he will always hs light in asking for laws out of harmony with ths genius of our institutions, or that hs will always win svsn when he Is right. On ths contrary, a growing, grow-ing, distrust of ths president ts clearly discernible In tha legislative branch of the government. Tola deplorable condition of discord between the legislative legis-lative and executive branches of our nature by eliminating the. leglalsttve ! branch of the government. In other countries ths members of the ecatrve departments, tha rs-eponslbls rs-eponslbls ministers, sppear before parliaments par-liaments at will, and in moat cases bold ssata In parliament. We have no such means of harmonising ths legislative legis-lative and executive branches of oar government. -Abroad If ths ministry loses the confidence of the legislative branch of ths government it resigna. Harmony and confidencs must be restored re-stored whenever broken. Not so in our country. A member of tha cabinet who haa lost the confidence of congress con-gress can remain In chsrge of a great executive department until tha president's presi-dent's term of office expires. It sometimes seems thst our president presi-dent takes prids In retaining ever at moat critical Junctures a member of the cabinet after the latter has lost ths confidence of congress and of ths country. Let us proceed st ones to restore the council of notional defense tn Its original orig-inal rorm, adding to Its membership ths chairmen of the military committee, commit-tee, the foreign relatione committee, the ways, and means committee of the house of representatives and similar chairmen of ths senate. Such an enlarged en-larged council would lnsurs harmony between the two branches of ths government; gov-ernment; It would be really competent, as ths present one Is not competent to determine the great question of policy. This would Insure for ths prosecution of war, aa for preparedness In peace, economy, efficiency, continuity In our defenee policies and programs. Ths secretary nf stste should also be a member of the council, aa In the original bill. In order best to brlnx Into ths council ths qusstlons of foreign relations. Ths rules of ths ssnsts and of ths houss should also he revised at once to authorise members of the cabinet to take ths floor and address these bodies on questions relating to their departments The practice of tha president addressing both houses has no doubt been largely ths secret of the entente so remarkably established between- the president and congress. Extend this so that no special resolution resolu-tion will be necessary for sny member of the cnejnet to address ths two bodies separately. Lt us forget partisanship and personal per-sonal prejudice and proceed to make our government really efficient In the mighty struggle in which democracy Is undergoing Its test of survival. the 10.004 leaders In all the walks of American life, as compiled In "Who's Who. In America." shows thst ths boy ' ' wtaj , stops school with the grammar school has only one chance In 000 of becoming a leader; the boy who completes com-pletes high school has ons chance In 400. while tha boy who goes through s 1 on I lege hss ons chance in forty. Ths chsnees of leadership are ln ereesed twenty fold by tha addition of four years of high school, and mors S than 100 fold -by sight years, four In ' f klgli school and four In college. A ns-- ns-- Won is simply an integration of Ita citl-sens, citl-sens, Ws must expect in a general ' way tha same law to affect national . leaderships. Ths average Amerloaa boy stops school before hs completes his ; twelfth year: thst Is. before he bait '. oom pie-tea grammar school. But for tha nations making up tha entente allies ths average In eduoa-i eduoa-i - tlon to below tha American average. i Bvary German boy la required to go . to ackooi till he completes his sixteenth " fear, aad hs generally continues voca-, voca-, -i fjonal night classes after that. j WJueoreesomMlveewUh government nas enaraotsnsed our gov- ' emment In past wara, and haa always entailed serious Inefficiency, In aoroe eases actually paralysing our war operation. oper-ation. We must not pass through ths same costly experiences again. Too much is now at stake. The remedy la to bring the two branches of ths government togsthsr In an expanded council of national defense, de-fense, as previously suggested in thess sitlclee. a council where all ths agencies agen-cies and in strumea tali ties Involved in wsr are represented. This would Insure In-sure harmony in ths government in establishing es-tablishing a wlss and sound, continuing continu-ing policy of national preparedness in time of peace and a wen dlgeated, scientific war policy when war cornea GERMANY SHOWED WAY. Germany was ths first nation to adopt such a superior council, in ths middls of ths last century, and this is reslly what caused Germany to be tha firat nation to attain to mastery In ths ' sciencs of modsm war, ia preparation and In execution.- It te to auch a council coun-cil that Germany chiefly owea her eaay icoHepverMrslarnsh'" plank In tha Democratic platform or Baltimore, but the pacifist forces In the Democratic administration were so radical and dominant that tha. president presi-dent himself took a stand againat the bill, even after tha war In Europe bad thrown Ita shadows upon our shores. The growth of public sentiment for a council of national defense through the activities of several defenee organisations or-ganisations caused the administration to modify Its position and to compromise com-promise on the establishment of the existing council of national defence, but only after the legislative members hsd been dropped from Its membership. PRAISE FOR DEFENSE BOARD. I will taks this occasion to pay tribute to the efficiency snd far reaching reach-ing eervlce of the existing council of national defense, snd especially Ita ad -vteory board and the varloua subsidiary boards and committees and atate branches that havs developed. This organisation and auxiliaries constitute ths ons constructive line of real progress prog-ress In national defenss that has corns from ths wsr. But what a pity ths council waa shorn of Its fundamental |