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Show PIHG RARE illCISTLf Ruction of Rare Metal ;,r Fabrication of Electrical Electri-cal Devices Difficult. yybdenum Treated in a ,-jnner Similar to That Used for Tungsten. -oce-s by which tungsten and F'-Mura'are' refined la described by 'ijng and Scientific Press corre-who corre-who reported tire events of the 'VeiiS lhe Amcrlciul Ilistitutf :id Metallurgical Engineers at r"'." Ti'.e refining of rare minerals '"ecii kep' vc,'-v much a secret, siys '.'poi'ideiil. therefore we are much Tj to Dr. C. V. Balke, the chemi-'i.'v-ior of the Failsteei comp'iny. for -ral policy ill giving detailed infor-. infor-. regarding the process and a I jo fir '"v.rlptioii which follows: ',','rk tungsten for many mctallurgi- Trcoses is rather easily produced at 1 ,,t bv various methods, but to ot-ex.-epllotmlly pure metal suitable '.T,f fabrication of electri r.il devices ...V,.rent melhod and a mum mniv e-one e-one is necessary. The Kansice !:.,riv requires a purity In its metal tr W'j Pf'r ce,lt and its actuil rod-r.V rod-r.V between 8:'. 9 and 1.J PC , ";r;ic impurities In the final prod- )ntst of alumina, iron, and calcium '"-rpe process of manufacturing '.tn of tills purity begins with the Vmost anv ore can be used, but it Ur.omical to use a high grade of Semite- i Fused Twice. 'e ore is crushed in a disc milk, and ti-er pulverized in a pebble mill until all pass through a 100-inesh screen, r': half its weight of soda ash is ij to the finely divided ore and the r're Is fused in a gas furnace. The ( for fusion varies from two to three r;. The charge in the furnace is frequently during the fusion. When i operation is complete, the mixture :aivn onto an iron tray, broken, and ground again to 100-mesh I hied a second time. The crushed I: from the previous process is then :rd with water in wooden tanks pro- with agitators, the process being itrjed until a nearly saturated solu-jof solu-jof sodium tungsten Is obtained. This parsed through a filter press. The red liquid is heated in a stoneware tie or wooden tank, where It is stirred h a solution of calcium chloride until all tljp tungsten is proHpitutod at cal--ium tuniisuilo. I'lr calcium tiinsstate is yva.shoil witli distilled water by iJrran-lation iJrran-lation and is then rtofoinpospd. either in a wooden tank or in 11 Monewan kettle ( with muriatic arid, the add hoi tic heated to boiling with a steam jet and the cal-cinm cal-cinm tun-state added Kraduai'v. Tills h boiled for twenty to thirty minutes. The tvin.k'HJie arid settles out as a bright yei- low precipitate and the Hoar liquor con-. con-. tainln- caicnun -htoridn la drawn off and used in further operations. jTungstic Acid Washed. The lunstic aeld is thou washed with distilled water, first by dcrantation and . finally in a stonowaro Kuctlon filter a numher of times. After bcinj? dried for a short time it will contain approximately approximate-ly ro per cent moisture. This process should yield S3-0:. per rent of the tunstic acid that was in the original ore. As thus produced it frequently contains as much as 0.6 per cent of iron and several other impurities, and is unsuiied for the production pro-duction of pure metal. The crude tunsstio. arid is dissolved in hoilins dilute ammonium hydroxide. If tiie solution is too concentrated the salt will crystallize in the filter press and clog the filter leaves. This solution is permitted per-mitted to stand and settle for an hour or more, and is then filtered until absolutely abso-lutely clear. Tho greatest care must be taken in this process lo keep all the equipment entirely free from dirt. The clear solution is evaporated In steam kettles until almost dry. The salt (ammonium para-tuncrstatel is removed from the bottom of the. kettles and the process repeated with more liquor. The solid ammonium tumrslate is washed several sev-eral times with distilled water and dried on a suction filter. The moist ammonium am-monium para-ttmjrslate is treated wi!,h a mixture of concentrated nitric acid, hydrochloric acid and water and then 1 hoi'cd Kontly. The tuncMic acid rosult-i rosult-i in' from this decomposition is washed with distilled water and then dried as 1 completely as possible. Anv decree of purity may be obtained by repeating this process a sufficient number of times. To produce the oxide from which the metal 1 is made'later the acid is ignited in silica crucibles, either In a js or an electric furnace, until a heavy green oxide is obtained. ob-tained. Ingots Produced. The oxide is reduced in an atmosphere of hydrogen in furnaces of soeeial design.- By controlling the temperature and the time of reduction the fineness of the metallic powder may be controlled. This fineness has a definite influence on the ultimate crystalline structure of the tungsten. tung-sten. To produce the ingots from which worked tungsten is made, the powder is loaded into dies and compressed under extremely ex-tremely heavy pressure. The resultant ingots or bars are very fragile, very heavy, and quite hard. They are converted con-verted into ingots by a heat treatment known as sintering, which is also done in specially designed electric furnaces. The metal is heated to a temperature that permits the growth of crystals and not far below the melting point. There is considerable con-siderable shrinkage during the sintering process, but no loss of weight, except where oxygen has had access to the heated bar. To prevent oxidation and Insure In-sure complete reduction, a hydrogen atmosphere at-mosphere is maintained in the sintering furnaces. Molybdenum is treated in a similar way. Because of its lower melting point, it is possible to reduce the oxide of molybdenum molybde-num in a gas furnace instead of electric furnace: and the. metal itself Is softer, less brittle and much more ductile. It oxidizes readily at the high temperatures necessary for working, and the furnaces designed for its use have a constant stream of hydrogen flowing through tli em. It has been necessary for the Fansteel company to design and build most of the equipment used hi the processes. Undoubtedly Un-doubtedly great improvements will be made in due course and it may be possible pos-sible to eliminate some of the intermediate processes without interfering with the final results. Utah Banks and Industrials. (Reported by J. A. Hngle & Co.) BANK STOCKS. Banker Trust 130b. Columbia Trnst 105a, TVserPt National 306-310. Deseret Savings 310-320. 310-320. Farmers A- Stockers 65a, First National of Osdeu 290a. McComick & Co 230b. National Bank of Republic 26.r.b. National City Bank 16b, National Copper 140b. Securitv State Bonk 100b. Utah State Natl 19-202. Utah Savings & Trust 102b, Walker Bros Bankers 21S251, lion's Savings & Trtit 335b. INDUSTRIAL STOCKS. AmaJcnmated Sugar 17.00-1S.00, 'do preferred pre-ferred lOr.i.-lO'iU. Consolidated Wagon 119. 50n. 'Home Fire Tus 365b, Independent Coal ,90b. T.ion Coal 90.00a. Mt States Tel & Tel 85b, Ocden Packing- S5a. Standard Conl .4S-52. Utnb Idnlio Siif-nr 9.35-9.55. Utah Fire Clar 63b, Utah Pr & Lt 1st pfd 97u. Z C M I 152a. BONDS. JM PTvr 73a. S L Stock Ex 6s 01b. Standard Stand-ard Coal 6s 96-100, Utnb Pr & Lt 1st Pa 88-90. 88-90. Utah Lt & Pr 4s 74b, Utah Securities 63 S9''.a. Utah Gnu & Coke 1st Cb 00a, Alfa club bonds, 100a. Utab Fuel 86b. Coffee Futures, NEW YORK. 0-t. 18. The market for coffee cof-fee futures opened at an advance of 11 to Hi points, with active nioothK selling about 18 to 30 points net hieber during t he early tradinp. There was some further trade buying and scattering scat-tering support, on ' the advance to WA5c for December, which ninde h new hlph record for the movement, and March sold ot 16.10c. Realising checked the advance at this level, and March later told off to J 5.90c. with sentiment senti-ment appearing to be somewhat unsettled by-conflict by-conflict lug reports from the cost, and freight market. The close was 8 to 15 points net higher. October, 16. 13c: TVcember. 15.98c: January, March, May and July, 15.90c; September. Sep-tember. 15.90c. Spot coffee, steady; Rio 7a, 164317c; San-! San-! tos -Is, '25y.225ic. WHOLESALE DAIRY PRODUCE. (Quotations Furnished by Mutual Creamery Company.) Case lots. Fresh extra, creamery butter in cubes..? .63 Fresh extra creamery butter in cartons car-tons 64 Fresh firsts creamery butter, parchment parch-ment prints 61 Freh firsts creamery butter in cartons car-tons Rt1 Cooking butter (60-lb. tubs) 53, Finest selected eggs, cold storage 55 Ranch eges 01 2-3 I Full creuui cheese, triplets 32. I Young Americas 33 : piock Swiss 17 I f roil 111 brick 30 1 Butt.Tfat in churning cream, delfv-j delfv-j crcd Salt Lake G3 j London Money. LONDON', Oct. IS. Bur silver, money, discount, dis-count, unchanged. |