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Show Americans Recognition of v Protectorate Puts an End to Egyptian Insurrection Gveat Britain Begins Movement to Correct Abuses of Her Government in Nile Country. (CopvrM, 11H3. by the Now York IK-raUl ounwny. All Ulj;ht- Uosrncil.) UVpynslit, vui:iU.i. by Uu- Ni'W York j Ueraiu v'i'iniKiny.l vSpecUU to The s;tt Like Tribune uiul , Nov ovk U.-iiihi By WILLIAM T. ELLIS. C'AIUO, June ;, The lul down upon K;Tt i"1 I'nelo Sum has hpod John Hull shun it down, l oth art- t.ow silt In;, uyon it; should there be another explosion that, however. Is ;i possibility lying outside out-side the present narrative of facts. Outwardly. a sudden and amazing change has come oor Ksjpt. A few days it.co a general strike oi Kovvrnmont employees em-ployees in Cairo had ehaiued the wheels of administration. Hiph affairs of state were halted and the streets were not te-mg te-mg cleaned until Tommies nun convicts were put on the latter job. tVstmen were not delivering letters ami on'y soldier-manned soldier-manned trains were running. The strikers strik-ers had inaugurated what was nothing U-ss than a rein of Bolshevism, governing govern-ing the people, in essential things, from a huge central soviet ut Kl A:.har mosque. Cairo looked -ike an armed camp, with street barricades and daily casualties. Behold the change! The government employees are nearly all hack at work. Outward quiet prevails though the sound of a passing mounted patrol breaks in liin rhi -i.-ntiMw as 1 write and op- two liritish martial proclamations, was a fi'I s : "A l'ec:aratiuu bv the l'resldent of the tinted Slates: "Alio Kesidenov, "Cairo. April :'. HMD. "M s ece!h'ii -y, the spvc.ul high commissioner, com-missioner, has received the lollmvlug letter let-ter troiii tin- Anurican diplomatic, ufcent and l onsul general in Kgypt: "Anu-rienn Diplomatic Agency, and Consulate Crcneral, Cairo, Kgypt, April JL 1919. "I have the honor to slat- that I have been directed by mv government to ho-quaint ho-quaint you with the fact that the president presi-dent recii-niKrs the Urit sh protectorate over Kgypi. which was proclaimed hy his majesty's govern men t on December IS, r.n-i. "In according this reeogntt Ion, the president must, of necessity, reserve for further discussion the details I hereof, along with the question of the moiliiieu-tion moiliiieu-tion of any rights belonging to the I'nlted States which may be entailed by vhis de-e:s;on. de-e:s;on. "In this connection, I am desired to say that the president and the American people have every sympathy with the legitimate le-gitimate aspirations of the Egyptian peo-j peo-j p!e for a further nu'iusurf of self-government, hut that they view with regret any effort to obtain the realization j therof hy a resort to violence. ! "Accept, excellency, the renewed rxs-I rxs-I su ranees of mv high consideration. "(.Signed) HAMTSOX GAHY." America's Stand Doubted. Jut how much of the foresolnn; Is ac-I ac-I tuiilly rresuieiu ilsoii alie eifendi say j he is too pood a historian and heir of the American Revolution to tortr-H that no nation ever revolted successfully without with-out violence) and how much of it is local lo-cal or of local Influence is a matter of animated conjecture. That the document has been of paramount Importance In effecting ef-fecting peace and order Is conceded by all. Of course, the Kpyptians were stunned. They at first cried that It was a forgery, "a British trick." Then they declared that it was only n teniiorary thing: that the real viewy of President Wilsum would appear when the peace conference made its formal reply to the Kpyptlan delegation. delega-tion. Meanwhile. Incredulous Kcypt was dazed and bewildered by this bolt from the blue. Had the old gods of the Nile reappeared visib'y and spoken audibly the astonishment eou'd not have been greater. One cultivated Egypt lady even cut off her hair at the news the extreme symbol of grief. The pendulum of fervor for America and President Wilson swuncr so far In ore direction di-rection that it was bound to swing hnck. Xo man or ration could possibly maintain the e.aited position In which they hud been placed. The question uppermost among Americans resident here I? whethcr our government, having failed to recognize the protectorate at any time during the Inst four yenrs. when it might properly hnve done eo for it is not questioned ques-tioned by any American known to me that Egypt Is st'Il unready for complete Independence, Inde-pendence, and that 'he only thinkable directing di-recting power is Great Britain should have chosen this most critical hour, when passions were at a white heat, to take a stn sure to alienate Egyptian good will from America. Responsibility for dashing Egypt's hones should have been shared with the entire peace conference, after henrlng the delegates, dele-gates, already in Paris. The belief stl'.l persists, among the students especially, that the conference will guarantee Egypt's ultima to independence. Abuse to Be Corrected. In their recent inflamed mood, the Egyptians are. not read" to believe it. but the truth is that the ola abuses are going to be corrected, and assurances given, by Great Britain herself. The aroused and enlightened British public opinion may aiwnys e trusted to do what Is right. A ps rliamerurtry investigating committee, headed by I,ord Milner, is now on its way to Egypt. At the head of the British government gov-ernment here are great idealists, like General Gen-eral Allenby. Friends of liberty need have no misgivings about Justice for Ecypt. feoause a British judicial committee Is going to sit upon them. I do not touch uron the dn"n of srifi-ffir- instanrps of timists say: "The trouble is over. Gyppy is afraid of the army which row scien-nficallv scien-nficallv covers the entire hind." Others s;w, "At least we s.:ail not te caught napping again, although it will not be safe for a foreigner to venture outside the reach of the soldiers." Natives say, "Wait until we hear from Paris, and Saad Zagiul Pasha returns." Meanwhile, powerful pow-erful although quiet forces are at work for the re-establishment oi peace. Turning Point Reached. Easter Monday marked the high point in the present phase oi the Egyptian situation. sit-uation. On the day before deputations of Moslems had visited all the Christian churches with messages of congratulation, congratula-tion, good will and fraternity. Easter Monday is a great annua? festial in E'STPt. without respect to creed the spring out-of-doors holiday. This year the El Azhar soviet decreed that it should be made a day of mourning. So, Instead of crowded streets, there were fewer people peo-ple out than usual. Soldiers were con-. con-. fined to barracks to prevent possibility of clashes. Everybody knew the government was preparing for drastic action. Tne strikers and nationalists were "kept guessing." At last the initiative had passed from the Egyptians to the British. "Accounts differ as to why the strike was ended. Natives say that the El Azhar soviet had come to an agreement with the cabinet that if it would resign they would return to work, and that, hearing th'.s, the British hastened to issue a mih-tarv mih-tarv proclamation ordering all strikers back to work on Wednesday, upon peril oi the loss of place and pension. Of course, this was what they call in China "face pidgin." Doubtless the news of- the forthcoming forthcom-ing proclamation leaked to El Azhar; and the strikers hastened to make a virtue of necessity. True, the cabinet did res'gn. but it had already made its' own continuance an impossibility. In addition ad-dition to invoking martial law upon all who interfered with strikers returning to work, the military forbade the levying, collection or contribution of fund-i for strikers and nationalists. Wilson Makes Statement. More potent, it appears, than any of these martial measures was the simultaneous simul-taneous publication with them, in the papers pa-pers of Wednesday, of a statement from the president of the United States, recognizing recog-nizing the British protectorate, thus dashing all the hopes of the nationalists of a favorable decision at Paris. President Presi-dent Wilson had been the Egyptian idol, their mahdi. their messiah for even so the superstitions ran. They had sought his footstool in Paris in the spirit f devotion. de-votion. And he kicked his worshipers in the face! The proclamation, published with the wrongdoing that have marked the conduct con-duct of both sides during the present insurrection. in-surrection. Enough detailed evidences of injustices and even "atrocities" is in my possession to warrant columns of discussion discus-sion to recount them would Inflame prejudices. Unless I am greatly mistaken, radical steps will be taken are being takn by 1 the controlling power here. Unwise and : unfit ftnd swollen heads are already fall- I ing. What cannot be wrung from her is likely to be given by Great Britain to the j Egyptians. All nations governing others are henceforth responsible to the league of i nations, whether they be called protectorates protecto-rates or what not. Meanwhile, along with measures of righteousness should go a cult of good will on the part of the Egyp-tions Egyp-tions toward the British, on the part of the British toward the Egyptians. Only a ; better spirit than now prevails can prevent pre-vent this fair and prosperous land. "The Garden of the Eord," from being engulfed en-gulfed by a variation of Bolshevism, with all its hurt and hate. |