Show i Coiii u Mbt I NEW CRIMES AND PENALTIES What would Draco and Solon think of come of our laws They did not agree on matters of jurisprudence Draco stands as the type of excessive severity sever-ity In criminal Jaw and Solon though all his laws may not endure the modern mod-ern test stands as the father of wise and benign legislation But what would I these ancient legislators think after reading as the writer has done 20000 pages of legislation In the fortyfive States all of It less than two years old Suppose for Instance that Draco I took It all serlously and Imagined that i all the Jaws we passed were meant to be enforced Suppose they rely were I enforced and that the Greek lawgiver should make a tour of the prisons and Jails of the United States Imagine him asking a score of convicts why they I had been convicted I said an Alabama Ala-bama man have been sentenced to thirty mal days for jumping off n train while In motion I said n VirginIan Virgin-Ian rode a horse on the sidewalk through an unincorporated village and am in prison for sixty days L said I another Virginian killed a partridge on the 2nd of February In Cumberland county and am in prison for thirty days I Mild a California woman I am a nurse and I neglected to report to a doctor that a babys eyes became 1 inflamed within two weeks after birth months I p I am in prison for six with the said n Tennessecan lobbied wih Legislature You mean bribed it asked Draco Oh no 1 just lobbied r but I did not address my arguments solely to the judgment and so I am II Mn for live years An Adonis from I the same State curled his mustache I fell In love with a young lady at a p Tennessee boardingschool In a rash moment I ventured to loiter on the opposite op-posite side of the street and I threw p kiss to her Now I have thirty days 1r n to serve In the county jail II I By Jupiter exclaimed Draco I is all very well for you to swear by Jupiter said a man from New Jersey D but I made the mistake of swearing by the name of Jesus Christ and so I have two years to serve I said aNew a-New York man tampered with an automatic au-tomatic ballot machine and for the next Jive years I shall labor for the benefit ben-efit of tho State L said another 1 New Yorker was calling on a friend In the upper story of a skyscraper 3 and 1 ventured to drop some of my advertising p ad-vertising circulars down the letter vertsing crculars I chute Unfortunately I had forgotten t to address them So I got five days or I sid a New Jersey man bitterly did not drop my ad into a letter chute I wish I had 1 made the mistake mis-take of putting it up on thc Palisades and I am sentenced to three years for disfiguring the landscape As to advertising ad-vertising ald a lawyer from Washington Wash-ington I ventured to solicit divorce business by an advertisement in a i newspaper and now I shall read my newspapers in Jail for the next six months 1 can go you one better said a Pennsylvania criminal I thought it would be compliment t9 my country to print my advertisement on a picture of the American flag The court laought differently and I am in seclusion for six months You ought to live Ir South Dakota said a by 1 ottinder I did tho same thing and I il got Off with a Jivedollar fine But ii be thankful you do not live In North Dakota said another criminal I ILl ventured to organize a trust I thought I mIst promote trade by lessening 1 les-sening competition now I have ten cl rJr whichlo reflectupou my coif i M a I said Wisconsin man sold some Impure Ice and I shall spend the Inter Q In-ter in the county jaiL Well you have I my company said a Wisconsin baker 1 ventured to sleep in my bakery My first offense cost me 50 a night which ate up all the profits The second offense of-fense cost me 100 a night which was still more disastrous For the third offense of-fense I had to pay 250 a night And no to oven things up I am lodging six months In jail at the expense of the State I all happens in the course of business sad a Michigander Michigan-der I thought It was all right to buy an empty beer bottle stamped with the brewers name My mistake cost me ninety days In Jail You got off easily eas-ily said a Florida man for I got a year for smashing a bottle similar to the one you bought Well be thankful hA thank-ful you dont keep L boardinghouse in Virginia I failed to put up a sign which the law said must be In large Roman nis Ro-man letters not less than one inch trnt square saying Imitation Butler Used tt Here and now I am a Jailboarder myself my-self for six months In Virginia they use the letter of the Roman law But what would Justinian say of Its spirit 4 b Perhaps to close the IntervIew which might go on almost Indefinitely we can ri Imagine two prisoners from Tennessee saying Well you are all lowgrade EJ criminals You are nothing but misdemeanants 01 mis-demeanants we have the honor to be felons You are perhaps murderers rl said Draco his face brightening at the oo thought of some crime with which he Qi wao familiar Yea we are both murderers l mur-derers I murdered some fish with dynamite P dy-namite a Greek word you knowand am in for three years And my friend I here murdered some trees without the 3 consent of the owner and he also Is In for three years I t Would Draco think the world had cit grown worse and would he note It as I i nn occasion for modern thanksgiving nn that tho Americans live under milder ULh laws1cw Crimes and Penalties by Hon Samuel J Barrows In the January Janu-ary Forum yeirb ivcr LAWTON AT SANTIAGO 2 vc4 Scrappy Lawton and sometimes n t Old Scrappy he was called by the men who served In the Second division rorri of the Fifth army corps In the Santiago campaign He could not be kept from the firing line Wherever the Mauser slugs from Spanish rifles zipped little clouds of dust from the ground or whined and twitted as tUcy cut the air 0 e 1n1 and tall grass there Old Scrappy fjniu could be found lie was told by Chnltee Ludlow Brceklnrldge and others Hint ic o1 blo he had no right to expot hinmelf to j 1 the lire of the enemy He was told that lie CO llGenenil in command of a division Jflc1i which had a front of several mllet I 1 1 rl i ought to be In the rear out of Immediate c Imme-diate danger where he could be found irr r by aides and orderlies But words of caution were lost on Gen 1uwton < When during the fight at J51 Caney A Gen Shatter sent MaJ Noble with a A metHUKcto Gen Luwton the Major hearchcd the beat part of two hpurs before he could find Old Scrappy and Irf A then he discovered him sitting on n box A under a nmiiKO tree with Mauser bul N f Ittts flying all nround him apparently tj I l A ignorant of the danger But nn soon RH P 0 > UJ I Noble appeared he shouted Look out or youll get hit J 1 f l Ho moved up and down the lino of DB I A hklrmlHhers Mtrlotly as u matter ot 1 J 1J A business as he put I The tall figure was a source of Inspiration to the men Imr A They were fond of him They liked his A waya Sometm bin words were fierce nil A bin manner hamh but hiM erd were C nt A > over kind bin heart wa I tender and his o AI disposition wa Mutiny and gentle f Chicago Record DEATH 03 THE KHALIFA 1r The Khalifa met hU death Inst rUy A h rolij manner and VC munntI oyewltneMc0 though < l the man In r CO thoroughly lemiMiYfr ron VI 1 rc E ndmlt thil hla end WRtI Indeed imlliiefte 111 l c i f s 1k vj Li thr thlrk or the flcht und H d fltl 1 LVIV u 11 p 11 vfjxd thit nil 1t M ut SJ Slt success were vata lie dismounted and IO r C ordered all his Emirs to do likewise and rally round him lie then sat down on his sheepskin with the Enilra around him He placed his bodyguard In front and they were all killed to a man The Khalifa was Shot through the head heart arm and leg as his Jlbbeh which MaJ Watson showed to me today to-day testifies He was afterward burled close to where he fell by his own people peo-ple under Col Wlngatos supervision and thus ended the career of a man whom thousands worshipped In their Ignorance With his death It Is to be hoped that the total ccllspe of Mahdlsm News has been brought about London Dally WOMANS INFLUENCE Women have had a good deal of Influence In-fluence in the public affairs of the world in tho thirty or forty centuries since Helen laid old Troy in ashes I was the personal appeals of his niece Harriet Har-riet Lane BO some of the gossips of the times Intimated which prevailed on Bu ohanan then old In whom the fires of ambition had died out to accept the candidacy in 1S5G Adele Cutts the second sec-ond wife of Stephen A Douglas who married Gen Robert Williams a few years after Douglass death and who died last whiter was said at the time to have Incited Douglas to lead the have inclNl Jlal opposition op-position to the Lecomptou proslavery constitution which President Buchanan and the South tried to force upon Kansas Kan-sas in 185S This was one of the most ccrditabie acts qf Douglass career and his wifes hand In It suggests the presumption pre-sumption that If ho had married her a few years earlier hf might have avoided that blunder of 1854 in which the Missouri Mis-souri Compromise was repealed the Whig party killed the Democratic party par-ty split and the war of secession precipitated pre-cipitated The refusal of Mrs Calhoun and the other ladles of the court circle to recognize Mrs Eaton whose husband was Secretary of War In Jacksons Cabinet Cab-inet spit a segment off the Democratic Demo-cratic party turned Jackson against Calhoun put Calhoun out of the line of succession to tho Presidency and sent I Van Buren who had no wife he was a widower and who was therefore free I to extend courtesies to Mrs Eaton to the White House I was known that Dolly Madison had as much Influence In I the Administration of her husband the fourth President as Madame Pompadour Pompa-dour had In that of Louis XV The ambition lo destroy the Dolly Madison legion of political popularity was said to havi been the Incentive which led Kate Chase lo put and keep her father Salmon P Chase In the Presidential field Several Influential ladies were as devoted de-voted to Clays political fortunes as the Duchess of Devonshire was to those of Charles James Fox Mrs Blaine Il was said at the time dictated her husbands hus-bands attitude toward the nomination on several occasions while Mrs John A Logan was as active and powerful an aid to Black Jack in politics as Torentla as to Cicero The politicians would do well to keep an eye on the American woman She may alter the current of American political po-litical history in I900 Lcslles Weekly I A BAD MIXTUBE I This is Max ORells recipe for making mak-ing a Boer Take all that Is dirtiest bravest most oldfashioned and most obstinate in a Breton all that Is most suspcclous sly and mean In n Norman all that is shrewdest most hospitable most Puritan and most bigoted in aScot a-Scot mix well stir and serve and you have a Boer or if you will a boor ENGLAND IN EGYPT I Nations like Individuals have their I streaks of good luck and of bad For several years after 1SS2 England In Egypt could do nothing right The ambiguous position which she had taken In that country leaving it neither universally dependent nor really free hampered her diplomacy and tarnished her good faith I offered a perpetual weak point of which her opponents on any question could take occasion to embarrass her and in Egypt Itself It rendered any efforts toward reform and progress at the same time irritating hTlaLng and ineffective England refused to command and Egypt refused to take advice The country was bankrupt besides be-sides comatose Cholera foil upon the land and demonstrated with merciless cogency the utter incapacity of its administration ad-ministration The Mahcll arose In the Soudan and demonstrated as merciless ly tho hopeless disorganization of its army British helD illuminated the gloom with a few flashes of barren glory until the lonely death of Gordon left it covered with a deeper and permanent per-manent pall of shame France bullied and insulted and England sat meek Her Interventions conceived in the honest hon-est intentions toward civilization and Egypt herself seemed only to have complicated bad policy by bad faith and multiplied bad luck by bad judgment On n period of three years of futility and failure followed mere than a dozen of comparative obscurity Egypt was stjll by way of being a weak Joint In Englands armor with a live wound beneath Ii but during this period the world at large heard little of the Nile Nie valley and cared less Then suddenly at lie end of 1S5S Egypt pushed In the world again and everything was utterly changed With the international status of an undischarged bankrupt she was found to be almost embarrassingly solvent sol-vent Her people were more prosperous than they had been in a history of 9000 years and there was a continual demand I de-mand for capital to develop her resources re-sources She was entering on the strength of her own credit upon a project to tame and regulate the Nile that would have stopped the most pyramidal I pyra-midal of the Pharoahs The Soudan Sudnn hud been conquered In a series of campaigns cam-paigns which for economy cflloloncy and precision have never been excelled In history And Fraijce the unrelax Ing opponent of half a generation had withdrawn from the best position the long duel had ever afforded her and had signed u convention resigning all ll pretension to the Nile valley forever As England could do nothing right hi 18S3 so In 1S9S she could do nothing wrong The game was played nothing had won every trlclcG W Stecvens In Frank Leslies Popular Monthly for January A WISE PRECAUTION Husband My dear I want to ask l you one favor before you co off on that loi r IMll 01 It I Wife A thousand my love What is HusbandDont try to put the house In order before you leave Wife It isnt hard work Husband PcrhapH not but think of the expense of expel5C o telegraphing to you every time I wunt to find anything Colliers Weekly 11lhlns LAUNCHING DESTROYER Fifteen parscnger coaehe hauled by No 2033 the newest and tho biggest locomotive in the N > v York Central and Iludeon River railroad xhope were I letiulrsd on December 5th to convey thl guests Invited to wltneiw the I launching at noun at Morrl IIeight on the Harlem river of the torpedo boat destroyer el Bailey the flrst of I three of that typo HUthorlxod by Con xreoa I Inl 1S97 The BallY bl the first torpedoboat i destroyer launched in the Hnrlcm river A plpnln 1 feature about her 1 1 ih act that 1h l nntlraly of American I Ameri-can inuivtMc tuif Aftir draftlny the t1iitia t r tur huDvlia h hf rlblnlu JJrhdl i rr ffi < i lmrl I itbuO ubrllLkl them t UK N a thoitri iwnl They were uicipUO and so was tho firms bid of 210000 for the frms 21000 construction con-struction of the boat stlucton The builders of the Bailey buiders Balc are con fident that the boat will make thlrty ono knots and perhaps a trifle more To this end every ounce of weight has I been sacrificed to gain speed sacrlfccd Ealn for It will be this boats mission to chase I capture and destroy an enemys torpedo tor-pedo boats The average thickness of the Baileys Bai-leys steel hull Js threeeighths of an I inch The crank shafts and other worklmg parts of the engines which are of the fourcylinder tripleexpan I sion type are hollow and made of oil tempered nickel steel said to be the 1 strongest metal In existence The boilers four of thorn of the Sea bury watertube Lypenre also of the lightest possible make With the 250 pounds of steam allowed 5GOO indicated horsepower Is to be developed driving the engines 100 revolutions a minute The Baileys principal dimensions arc Length over all 205 feet beam 10 let depth lo feet 5 Inches draught C feet displacement on trial 235 tons I In commission 265 tons The hull on trial will weigh G7S tons machinery 115 tons water 1 tons ordnance 126 tons coal 20 tons equipment 9 tons I Her armament will consist of four I rapidfire slxpourid guns and three JSInch Whltehoad torpedo tubes She J will steer by 1 steam from the top of the forward conning tower and by hands I Inside the after one When In commission commis-sion the Bailey Is to carry sufficient I coal to steam 3000 knots under natural draught Berthing space for forty officers offi-cers and men will be provided She will have four funnels Lieut James C Summers in Colliers Weekly A FORTUNATE MISTAKE There Is a young man In Chicago says u local physician who now has I u good business and bright prospects m who received his start in life by securing secur-ing 4 that did not belong to him I hardly l know under what to class the incident of obtaining the money I will let the story explain his actions Tills young man arrived In Chicago one day without funds but with plenty of nerve and push He wanted money to secure a meal and pay his room rent until he could secure a position Believing Be-lieving he could find some man who would help him If he told his story In a straightforward manner he entered a cigar establishment in Dearborn street He was about to explain his condition and ask for assistance until he could get u position when the proprietor I pro-prietor looked up with u fierce scowl He turned to his partner and they held a consultation in a whisper for a few moments Now take this 1 and dont bother mc about that bill again Thats all you will get and now you can get out of this place In a hurry exclaimed the storekeeper The young man was pushed toward ho I door with the money in his l hand and try as he would the storekeeper would not let him talk Once in the street the bewildered fellow considered the mailer In every detail and decided lo keep the money This he did and a monh or 50 later he again walked Into the cigar store and told his story and returned the money Chicago News A HEATHENS WIT The Chinese Minister Wu Ting Fang has achieved a great reputation for bright speeches and quick wit and some of his friends were telling a r brandnew story about him the other day that showed his power of ready response I was on a big junket to the West not so very long ago says the Washington Star and he was one of a large party j made up of officialdom the Congress the diplomatic corps the press et al At a little station that seemed to have boen dropped upon a barren wilderness by a passing cloud the train stopped and a crowd of tqwnsmcn gathered about the car platform plat-form where he was standing What is the population of this place he asked of one of his party who was acquainted with the State One thousand How many men 1 One hunrded And women Nine hundred lie gratefully acknowledged the information in-formation reflected for a moment walked inside the car gathered up some of his belongings and began giving giv-ing each member of his party a handshake hand-shake shakeWhy Why what arc you shaking hands for some one asked This town he answered quick asa as-a flash has 900 women and only 100 men This is where I get off Good bye eTH THE JOLO SPEAR MARKET The spear market is the most fascinating fascin-ating diversion In Jolo I is situated just outside the main gate and from early morning until the gates are Closed late in the afternoon the market is thronged with natives who have come In to sell their knives and spears When n ship comes In their prices go up but when the ship has gone the market sags f great deal Some of the curiously shaped knives are wonderful In their elegance and workmanship for the liner ones have silver and gold and Ivory handles while the blades are beautifully damascened Most of the weapons are old which greatly en grcat hances their alue In the eyes of the buyer while there are many of these old knives that cannot be bought because be-cause of their valorous record of blood There are two shapes of knives Imles common com-mon t the Mores of Sulu One Is the serpentshaped krls and the other the broad heavy cleaver like a barong Once In a while a lltlle serpent dagger dngcl with the handle at right angles to the blade like the handle of a pistol Is brought In by a native This knife Is I a weapon of the Celebes islands and Is very uncommon in Sulu Another uncommon un-common knife is the great campilan which has a hand grip for two handy and Is gorgeously decorated with bells I and colored horsehair and gay ribbons Correspondence Chicago Record < ADULTERATION OP FOOD The surprising extent to The etenl which our commonest foods and drinks are adul terated and counterfeited counterfcled and the cry Ing necessity for both State and na tonal legislation which will control and check the evil has been well proved bv the results of the Senatorial investiga ton which was made In Chicago last spring Before the csate committee cqmmltco appointed just prior to the adjournment of Congress and headed by Senator Mason Ma-son several prominent chemists food manufacturers and others gave testimony testi-mony Dr Wiley who has been chief chemist of the Agricultural department at Washington for many years asserted assert-ed that nearly every kind of food upon I the market is to a greater or lesser extent ex-tent adulterated mlsbranded or otherwise oth-erwise renderd harmful or fraudulent More Vermont maple szgar Is made every year In Davenport Ja from cheap yellow sugar flavored with vegp table extracts than can be produced from all the maple trees in the whole State of Vermont Currant jelly Is manufactured from the cores and parIngs par-Ings of apples utilized after they have been evaporated glucose sugar 3 vegetable veg-etable acid and fmc coloring and flavoring flav-oring matter complete the delicacy Nearly all of the pure olive oil Imported Im-ported to this country Is cottonseed oil made In the Southern States sent abroad and there refined and returned to us as the pure product of the Mediterranean I Med-iterranean olive From The Vital Question of Puro Food by Harry B I Mason In the American Monthly Review Re-view of Reviews for January ONE GRATEFUL SON This snld the guide Is Urn Kravo rO of Adam I Historic snot With reverential awe nay thn feeling of deep thankful t neiw the wewlUiy merchant tailor on taior his first trip to the Orient drew near J and cunt flower onthe tomh ner t MSrrlnj amvstor Ime nun mured 1 shoul be the last man on earth to revile re-vile your memory To your sin I owe my prosperity Chicago Tribune COLLEGE EXPENSES The editor of the Century has this to say In tho January number of that magazine on the subject of college expenses I ex-penses In his inaugural address President I < Hadley of Talc referring to college I I expenses as the second of our leading problems says Though the increase in this respect is less than Is popularly I supposed there Is no doubt that it Is I large enough to constitute a serious danger It is far from easy to see how this danger is to be avoided I Is all very well to talc of returning to the Spartan simplicity of ancient times but we cannot do It nor ought we to If we could President Iludley is right In taking the ground that modern ideas of cleanliness and comfort are necessarily neces-sarily to be considered in providing for I students in our icy The Item of living liv-ing expenses In the sons allowance Is an easy matter to determine the difll culty Is to keep the Items of amuse I ment and luxury from Increasing in like j I ratio The fashion of the day prescribes for sons of the merely welltodo as much I spending money as In the days 0 thou I a fathers boyhood would have sufficed for a creditable professional Income I and for sons of the rich allowances which fifty years ago would have enabled en-abled a prudent man to start in the banking business This fashion is based on the theory that boys on being be-ing sent away to school should carry with them the means of reflecting the comfort and even luxury of the homes from which the have come Thus they are launched early on waters abounding In Insidious currents and hidden reefs and allowed to steer their own course with the compass of conscience con-science the needle being subject to the disturbance of a large amount of current cur-rent metal J Is also the fashion to regard a boys career at college as almost moro important im-portant In determining the plane on which he will move socially in mature with intellectual life than In providing him wih lectual training The latter may not be despised but It Is undeniable that a high order of It Is not an Indispensable Indispens-able factor in the midern scheme of social so-cial happiness j A CZARS VISITINGCARD The Russians lellia story of the late Czar Alexander II that upon the rare occasions when It was incumbent upon him to pay l a call hJ i would take a gold I coin bearing his image and superscription superscrip-tion and twistingIt between thumb and finger leave itln lieu of a card the only man In Russia who had strength for the feat January Ladies Home Journal j GROWTH OF THE SCHOOLS That the hope of the Nation Is in its public schools Is i generally conceded All who look with confidence upon this countrys future will be encouraged in their faith by the facts and figures set forth In the annual report of the National Na-tional Commissioner of Education Particularly Par-ticularly encouraging is the high percentage per-centage of school enrollment shown in regions supposed lo be somewhat backward back-ward In the male of commonschool education While Kansas leads the list with 27SG per cent of her population In the public schools West Virginia comes next with 2727 per cent and Utah lo I third with 2676 per cent Of the great divisions of the country the South Central comes first with 2231 per cent the North Central Cen-tral is next with 2203 per cent and the South Atlantic l dlvlslon is a good third with 21C3 per cent The old Slave Stales are plainly not behind thc Northwest North-west in their comprehension of the necessity of education and both surpass sur-pass In that respect the North Atlantic States including New England which has only 1785 per cent of the population popula-tion in school Illinois stands well up in the list with 1872 Del cent of the population In school ahead df New York and practically prac-tically equal with Pennsylvania Illinois nois Is however far behind Indiana which shows 25 06 ncr cent enrolled and Is below the Average of the North Central Cen-tral division which is 22 03 per cent Illinois spent oil her common schools in the last fiscal year SlCiGS055 an amount second only to the expenditure of New York The expenditure per capita of pupils in average dill attendance at-tendance in Illinois was 22 5S and the cocst of the common schools was S32S per capita of the Slates population I The total value of the public school property in Illinois was 513705913 The fortytwo citleSof Illinois having SOOO 01 more Inhabitants each had enrolled in their public schools 339 5G1 pupils with an average dally attendance of 2G77S2 and an average length of school term of 1963 days The statistics of I secondary and higher education are equally encouraging While the desire for education in the old skiXe Stales is evidently as strong as in any other part of the country the ability or willingness to provide It Is plainly not so great as appears from u comparison of average salaries o teachers In the Western division teachers are best paid averaging 5SC9 and 5092 per month for men and women wo-men respectively The North Atlantic division is sccbnd with averages of 5513 and 4 and the North Central third with S16G5 and 3811 Illinois Is above the average But the pay of teachers In the South Atlantic division < I averages only 3121 per month for mel and S3115 for women With the rising prosperity of the South It Is to be hoped that the concilon of the school teachers teach-ers In that region will soon ho Improved Im-proved As a whole the report is n most encouraging one and Indicates that an Increasing number of parents arc perceiving not only the advantage but the necessity of giving their children chil-dren at least a commonschool education educa-tion Chicago Inter Ocean |