Show T FRUIT = RAISING County Inspector Sorenson on the Great t Fruit YearYet T the Local Demand Was Not MetHow to Select Land ii Q for Orchards and to Plant the TreesMr Blomster i t bergs Notes I Y Editor Tribune In reply to your request re-quest for Information about the fruit Interest of Salt Lake county It can be said that this has boon n good and prosperous year for the frultral and that prices have kept up wonder fully well When we cmiajdcr the splendid prop and atlll Jlnd that some fifty carloads of apples are Imported to supply the local demand besides some carloads of cured prunes all of which could have been easily raised here be aides a large quantity of grapes Im ported here right In our grape season I we sec that our supply Is far below the demand and that there Is room for a large addition in our apple orchards In our pruncralslixg and curing and In our vineyards all three of which pay well When properly attended to and the right land selected and th right vane thcIght ty of trees planted l here Is where thti trouble comes In the land that Is highly suitable and would be Kj rY profitable In an apple orchard Is often planted in peaches and sweet cherries tho result Is failure and disappoint len t On the other hand the land that would make 0 choice peach orchard Is planted with apple trees and there nf j tcra few years is failure small scrubby scrub-by apples worth nothing driedup trees and general disappointment Now It should be distinctly understood that I nearly all lands in the valley will raise fruit and berries sonic of course bet tcr than others but nearly all In uy able quantities and fair qualities i I only the right variety of trees and I bushes be selected CLASSES OF LAND TlC land here may be classed under I four main heads sometimes two 01 three grades or varieties merge into each other but generally having a predominant pre-dominant leaning to one of the four classes cusses First we have the high gravel bench land generally sandy gravel but I sometimes clay gravel This land where It Is sandy is the Ideal peach land In this valley Where it merges into clay gravel it is the land for cher rIca especially sweet cherries and more so if it has n slope toward the north or northwest no the trees wont bloom to early and be frostnipped in tho spring and cherries If the land is suitable make the paying crop An old English saying is that an appleraisi can ride in his own wagon but a sue cessful cherryraiser can ride in his carriage While the farmer will walk I I Is strictly true provided land and 10 < i cality are suitable I The high dry bench land if l also the land for grapes The land below the bench land is generally a black deep I mould sometimes verging to clay land I This Ii 1 your prune land If the water I table is not too close tc e surface 01 I if drainage Is fair This is also the I l land suitable for the sour or subacId cherries f A little further down the valley I where the land Is deep and the drainage I drain-age not so good but the land deep and rich so roots can strike down espe clnllyIf there is a little leaning toward j J ca IcaninS adobe or clay but still the soil is rich mouldy and deep there fs your ideal apple land and if properly treated n big living and a small fortune both for the father who plants and the son that inherits But remember it must betaken be-taken care of first by cultivating to start trees aright then by pruning i In a few years when the trees start to bear by spraying and a few short Xpars more by manuring keeping the ground supplied with the nitrogen and other substances added to the other four already mentioned so the tree may keep a free clean growth and continue to hear w L The want of this Is the reason that so many old < apple orchards are played out cease to bear and become a public nuisance an eyesore to the neighborhood When all this exhaustion of the soil due to the too common robbing the land of its II properties without replacing them bis been going on for years then we won pel why these old tee cease to bear and die Then we may in the language < r or a latelamented county official Import Im-port it cheaper but pray where is than < money to pay for i to come from If weal we-al eel that way We should learn to conserve the trength of our land by the propet I treatment and by theby > woul propel It not I be proper to get our young men and women to get a slight understanding oC the importance of preserving the fertility of our land Instead of going It blindly like the people in the goinS and South who have exhauVi exhausted the fertility of their land by sending the strength of It away to the markets or the world in the shape of tobacco cot I ton and corn and now have an PV hausted soil where they have often to I apply 50 cents worth of oren I manure to produce n dollars worth of I profit in crops Shall we follow In their reckless footsteps and let out I children take the consequence or shall we act more teaching I wisely by teaching our chl drcn in our high schools college I I rMillnlvrsIUcs what will preserve the fertility in ou soil and keep it ever fruitful and fit to sustain a large and Prosperous community I itiKET LOWLANDS AND HARDPAN Now In regard to our wet lowlands anI alkalt fiats Even there fruits cnn Innf raised to raIsed advantage First dont attempt to plant peach or cherry t lon I l-on such land Next try to drain It if aSSuf and wash out some of the alkali if you can If nothing better can be done It can always bo ploughed so a round ridge can be made b plough ing thc land in strIps of about thlrt l eet In width and ploughing jt the same I wa throwing the furrows against each other and toward the rIdge for feveraI ploughlngs YOU will thus pro tq a ridge where you caii plant a row of trees and make them grow In spIte of want of drainage e and the most unfavorable circumstances In such Itnd though nothln except pear trees 11 a few of tho ycry hardiest or ap pies should be plantcd also red Eng Ish urrnts and rspberrIes m may there grow The last class of land where no trees fhould he planted Is where there is I hardpan within a foot or two of the irIace even there YOU d tJ1a Cven may dyziamite the land before you plant the trees and make them grow but at considerable xpense VARIETIES OF FRUIT The next thliig to Consider Is vane te of fruit In this regard consul frst the huletn No 2 Issued by the State Board of Horticulture about tree Planting Then look around to the 11earest 5uccesCuJ neighbor commIt somebody that know Romethlng about and and consider what wil bc or most proft to plant Dont place an order l01l haphazard for 1000 trees and then < ormccc to inquire what would be best suited to plant The hlg chance is that you have simply relieved a nurse yman of his StIIlIU5 sUplu 101snlcalle toe1c and of all tocl al counterhasulns ORCHARD PESTS We haY about fOUtecn to sIxteen l3aretles or rleLes diseases 01 insect pests 1 thal afflict us mOle 01 less some u good deal mar Any 01H Inbrrt1pd In these I I and desiring to know bout them also about nurseries and the working and resul of the enforcement of the spraying spray-Ing law can for accurate information on these points consult the State Board of Horticultures report to the Governor Gover-nor and Legislature copies of which can be had C free of charge from any member of the State Board of Hortic ture or from any county Inspector PRODUCT OF YEAR The fruit and nursery have netted the county about 170000 this year and still some persons dont think it worth mentioning PLANTING TREES Furthermore In regard to treeplant Ing the land should be prepared thee the-e r before and if hard well sub soiled the trees should be selected and brought to ground and root trimmed but not toptrimmed in the fall and well heeled In moist earth to half r threefourths way up the stem at an angle of JG J degrees In roottrImming always cut on the under side of thc 1 root so it will callow over or heal up easily All broken and bruised roots < should be cut off above the break 01 Injury In planting trees keep apples by themselves pear trees by themselves prunes by themselves but Intermix the 1 varieties for interpollenizatlon fhe latest experiments from California infield in-field planting and Cornell university experiments ex-periments have shown conclusleiy < that there exists a great necessity i for fruitraisers to be Informed about this matter as many varieties are not cross pollcnlzed by another variety of tree but always of the same species as apples ap-ples with apples pears with pears prunes with prunes grapes with grapes but of different varieties The pollen from the anther of an apple bloom will not fertilize f pear bios som nor vice versa therefore it is useless I use-less to mix apples and pear trees In Planting but the Bartlett pear will be crossfertilized by a Flemish Beau > I 01 a Burre Busies and produce a ftiil and much bettor crop Suppose you < wish to Eave a Bartlett pear archor plant your trees so every second trce in every third row Is n Flemish Beauty or Burre Eustes last preferable which would give you nine Bartletts and three Burro Eustes of every dozen planted So with apples say Wine Sap and Jonathan Rhode Island Greening and rwentyOunce Baldwin and Bellfio irs In prunes two rows of Italian and one row of German or French That is the way to plant them for Intel xillenizatlon Any one desiring to study that question fully is referred to Yearbook of Department of Agriculture Agricul-ture for the year 1S9S pages 167 to ISO In planting trees In the spring 1 be lot too early nor too late Before or < after planting trim off nearly all the top of the tree leaving only three or i foul twigs with two or three buds on each and cut back to within three or i fOUL Inches of the main stem cut the main stem or branches oft say five or six inches above when the main forks fork-s bo not afraid to cut It back aftr muting give the tree a bucket of water wa-ter or lUll a stream down each row shortly after planting I will he well to remember that one ton of ordinary fruit or berries Is al always worth about twelve tons Ingrain 1 In-grain for an income an1 that the more a man feedsqj id cultivates his lard I the more it will produce both in quar Ity and quality Again I i wish fo impress on our friends interested in fruitraising to study the horticultural report of the State board and 1C time can be spared to take a correspondents winter course In horticulture and fruitraising from some of the Eastern agricultural colleges col-leges say the Pennsylvania State college col-lege or the Connecticut State Collg oe I Agriculture or at least to take the Cornel universitys farmers free readIng read-Ing course it will be a great benefit Any information on these mal r will gladly be supplied free by yours respectfully ispectfullyJOHN JOHN P SORENSEN County Fruit Tree Inspector Apple Culture Success and Profits There will never come n time when there will be too much fruit or too many fruit trees planted Always by sufficient care an orchard should produce pro-duce a yearly income during 3 mans Retime How should this be done successfully Orchards are often unfruitful with out any apparent cause for it Often orchards do not bear full crops on account ac-count of rampant growth and as oren seen trces branched from five to six feet from the ground straggling In i eelY direction showing neglect bj the owner and only bearing meager crops of scabby or wormy fruit whicl is no good for home use and nobody wants to buy It Instead there should be t low wellformed trees of uniform growth branched about two to three feet from the ground these would repay re-pay for all care given them Finer fruit and more of it either for mmerdal or home use from a good apple orchard well managed is more profitable for the room occupied than almost any other crop The best ground should be given for it and also gooil cultivation Late In the fall after fruit Is gath erod rake all rubbish together and burn it give a good coat of manure stable manure preferred plough the rows each way which will open the ground for snow and rain to wash plant food to the roots and the result will be shown the following season r Farmers have asked me this ques lon Will it pay to plant an apple orchard on land worth from S50 to 10 an acre I say yes providing the right varieties are planted 1 will name a few varieties which will succeed in almost any locality For a commercial I commer-cial orchard plant such winter vane ties as Ben Davies Jonathan Rome Beauty Baldwin Rhode Island Green lug these should in six years from llanUng and with good care produce ine to ten bushels of marketable apples I ap-ples to each tree which will soil at 1 to 51CO per bushel or net from 250 to 3j u per acre Inexperienced fruitgrowers who buy trees often ask for largesized trees from > three to four years old thinking they will come into bearing earlier they plant them without cutting back toP or do not know thatsuch trees cannot can-not be dug without losing a large porn por-n of their roots und consequently slrength lost in moving and then the purchaser wonders why such a tree does not boar fruit early Purchase oneyearold trees healthy and robust trees cut back to three to four feet from the ground allow four I or live buds to grow which will with I1OIer care and trimming make handsome I hand-some as well as profitable trees e n I3LOJSTJIU3ERG VlcoPrebldent Stale Board of ilor I Iculture Provo Shipments from Utah Shipments of green fruit and vegetables vege-tables from Utah I frm during the year 3100 Ihere were 303 carloads of perishable products shipped from Utah In 1000 consiting of green fruit vegetables arij celery The green fruit consisted of pears peaches 1 pmnos and plums The vegetables consisted principally of cat bage and potatoes 7 1 The shipments from Weber county 1 i compare with the other parts of the State as follows Carloads Weber count 72 Green fruit from cbr county 7 Grucn fruit from other parts of tho State 1C Total 118 Vegetables from Wcbor county G Vegetables from other parts ot the VlolablO State 00 Total 130 Celery from Weber county Z Total number cars perishable products pro-ducts shipped from Weber county ICi Total number cars perishable products pro-ducts shipped from other parts of the State 139 In addition to the above there were fully fifty cars of green fruit shipped from Webr counter by express In small lots of 1000 to 5000 pounds The celery grown In AVeber county Is as fine as the celery grown anywhere but the growers have yet a great deal to learn frowers preparation for shipment ship-ment and when that is learned they tmt can compete In any market and with any celery The green fruit goes to the markets of New York Philadelphia Boston Chicago Chi-cago Omaha Kansas City and St I Louis the vegetables go to the markets of Texas and Kansas principally and the celery goes to the markets of Omaha Oma-ha Kansas City and St Louis |