Show J IDAIiO IN 19001 r Idaho In the period from 1890 to 1900 Shows the greatest increase of any climate Union Its resources Stato In the claiming mate nntl steady growth are i wider attention from yenr to year I healthiest State and con Is also the hcalhcst features to attract and sustain tains many tain tals a 1HI large population of the highest l a Inrge J I and moat vigorous typo of American J18hJI Itt material resources cJib6ilhJn It materIa cl7 agriculture mining stockrais such as asicultur mininS ing fruit dulture lumbering aid manufacturing It ufacturing are rapidly l developing Is ufacLring probably tho richest most attractive ami besVdorilain open to sctllchicnt In all the arid regions Its topographic caLurecOCr several mountain ranges water wide plains large and spurs wIe courses extensive forests lakes water couses and fertile plateaus and fall many ferte tfUn covered by valleys The entire area covclec the mountains and hills Is peculiarly ricH in the precious motals in addition the and lead Probably to Iron copper Probabl next dccadp will witness greater changes than In the last ten years for Idaho lies directly In the highway of railways tho new transcontinental Jal which Intend to reach the shores of the l all Pacific north of San Francisco In length Jdaho extends 400 miles north and south and reaches from British America to Nevada and Utah while cast and west through its central and southern portion it Is from 300 lo 100 miles wide lying between Wyoming and Oregon The area is a little more t4an 80000 square miles containing tlinJ over fitlylive million acre of land classed as milon agricultural and grazing The range of elevation is from about 700 feet at Lewlston on Snake river to nearly 11000 feet In the heart of tho great Sawtooth range of central Idaho The agricultural lands are estimated at 1G000000 acres the grazing lands at 25000000 and the forest and mineral bearing lands at 14000000 acres The a State grants from the United States Government amount to 3600000 acres life patented lands to 2500000 or 3000 000 acres unpatehted agricultural lands about 13000000 acres with a to tjiil of about 52000000 acres of unpat ented and unselected Government lands open to entry and selection under the various mineral and land laws of the United Stales tHed a vast domain constitutes an empire in extent and Us settlement and development must enlist the best statesmanship in handling such economic eco-nomic problems as the conservation and distribution of the waterfall of k the entire watershed area upon the thirsty plains regardless of Interstate boundaries while the scientific details of lam and reservoir subterranean and olher aqueducts canals Humes Headgates water elevators and systems sys-tems for lessening evaporation 5e page p-age and losses by extravagance and Ignorance Ig-norance the engineer has a Held worthy of the highest Intellect and the student of husbandry that most de lighlful and fruitful occupation In making two blades of grass grow where but one thrived before In the annual review for Idaho for c the year 1900 we realize that the State Is about to enter into a new and higher plane of existence that It stands upon the threshold of 0 new century and that It Is facing an open door of competition and must run ace r a-ce for supremacy with other live and energetic commonwealths In 1SC3 Idaho was formed Into a Territory Ter-ritory by Congress and on July 3 1890 f was admitted Into the Union as a State In ten years it ha grown and prospered under a State government Its nonulatlon increasing 917 per cent and Its gold and silver products aggregating ag-gregating about 73000000 besides all In Idaho Shoshone now b ciounty produces pro-duces about 15 to 50 per cent of the lead product of the United States I Since 1SGO this State has added about 5250000000 in gold and silver to the money of ultimate redemption in the world worldIAflLY EARLY DAYS OF IDAHO The earliest records of white men visiting Idaho were of the parly that accompanied Lewis and Clarke in their Northwest explorations in 1S05G when Oicy passed along and named Snake river as Lewiss Fork and from its junction with the Columbia the other branch farther north was named Clarkes Fork But when this expedition l expedi-tion reached the Nez Perec village near the south fork of the Clearwater September Sep-tember 13 1805 traces of white men were found Lewis and Clarke refer lo the subject as follows Those strangers who visit the Columbia I Co-lumbia for the purpose of trade or i hunting must be either English or Americans The Indians Inform us 4 that they speak the same language that we Jo and Indeed the few words which the Indians have learned from iIie sailors such as musket powder slot knife file heave the lead damned rascal and other phrases of that description evidently show that the visitors speak the English language lan-guage i Lewis and Clark returned eastward through Idaho up the Clearwater and Salmon river regions over the mountains moun-tains into Montana In 1SOC to the Headwaters of the Missouri which they descended reaching St Louis Septem ber 23rd the same year As the result oC their explorations the Missouri Fur company was formed and established R post at Fort Henry on Snake river in 1810 In 1811 Wilson P Hunt with d a party of sixty belonging to the Pa rlllc Fur company arrived at Fort I Henry and from there moved down Snake river and dividing into two parties followed that stream on both I sides as far as the Columbia They suffered great hardships and losses but ueached the Bite of the old Fort Boise on December 15th They soon after afer I I Joined forces and after much suffering I proceeded down the suOeriug I I toria I In 1S33 the expedition of Capt Bon J neville reached the Port Neuf river with 100 men and explored the Snake river and Columbia basins In 1834 Na I 1S I thanlel J Wyeth with a party of sixty men established Fort Hall as a trad ing post on the east hank of Snake river a little north of the Port Neuf From this from time to lime radiated immigrant roads In every direction to Missouri to California to Utah to Oregon And British Columbia In 1SG5 Fort Hal was valued at 1000000 with the lands belonging to It It was near I the old war grounds of tho Blackfeet the Snakes and Crows and by Us pres ciice prevented many massacres It mnSCle was attacked und nearly burned but stood to Its duty nobly says the hls torlan Wyeths party went westward camping on the Malad then on Cannas 01 anna Prairie and Xralrie soon after on the Boise river and from there Into the Mal licur country of Oregon In 1S36 Wy eth wa s compelled to sell Fort compeled sel Hall to tho Hudson Bay company wblch com pany had already built Fort Boise I probably in 1835 at the mouth of the 13olse river Tho first Mission was established In I Lewlston 1835 at Lapwal twelve miles from The first printingpress and type was p i used at Lapwai In 1826 which was Wa the I frt printing ofllce established on the Pacific coast north of Mexico thus I I giving to Idaho the honor of having I tho earliest press on the west havlnS The first cont I mining excitement and I which really broughfpermanent popu I lation and settlement was that of tho I Oro Fino stampede of 1SC1 and 1862 which resulted In the location of I 1ewlston Florence Pierce Then City these Warren gold pros of pectors swarmed farther south into Boise Basin In 1S63 and also discovered i the gold mines oC Owyhee county soon y after The discovery of rich gold I C placers in Boise Basin and at Silver City led to the removal of the capital I from Lewiston to Boise City In 1851 I In the meantime Congress had formed 1 I > tJ L oJ 1 I the Territory of Idaho during lIP year I 1863 Terrlory first census thOq31 the population had grown to I about 15000 and in 1850 to 32611 I Idaho was admitted asn Stale In 1S9D on July 3rd when the population had I reached 90i4 Now the census completed I com-pleted In the summer of 1900 gives the State n population of 161772 a gain 01 J I almost 02 per cent In the lust ten ycars IMMENSE RESOURCES Its resources ate very large in minerals min-erals and Idaho Is perhaps tho reserve treasure vault of the Nation so much of its gold silver lend and copper re mulns untouched and undeveloped In the fastnesses of the Sawtooth the Bitter Root the Salmon River tho Seven Devils and other mountain ranges I Is endowed with great wealth In Us 55000000 acres of agricultural agri-cultural grazing forest and fruit growing lands growIIB I probably the greatest water supply available in tjio watershed area and Is at the same time the largest and most productive section of the arid regions of Western America In climate It appears to be unsurpassed unsur-passed both for health and vigor tho vital statistics showing the lowest vial death rate of any State In the Union It is a land of promise for young Americans and for the surplus population popula-tion of the Eastern cities and States I Is the coming field for active railroad rail-road operations for the investment of large means in the reclamation of lands by canals storage reservoirs and dams In power plants mining enterprises enter-prises reduction works factories lumber lum-ber mills canneries fruitgrowing dairying and extensive farming stock raising and other industries In reviewing re-viewing some of the main features of the State for the year 1900 the very t spirit of progress and vital force born of a rugged and determined will I backed by unlimited resources seems to pervade the all The newer population popula-tion has imbibed the clear bracing atmosphere I at-mosphere and expanded their lungs I I and seem determined to place Idaho I in the front rank The full energy of the twentieth century Is dawning upon j the perception of many who have in I charge some of the enterprises of the young State Born and cradled in tho rugged yet romantic surroundings the child of the mountains the gem crowned Idaho enters the new year the beginning of Its second decade the I beSlnning I I new century of Its existenceas a I I commonwealth of great hope and promise Richly endowed vigorous of strength It offers a glad hand and a warm welcome to others less favored In other States As has been aptly written Idaho Is the theater of active and important events during the corning corn-ing years Railways population and capital must soon hasten their steps to get the best portions of the many good things offered in Idaho Its MILLIONS OF ACRES of fruitful and fertile soil attract the man with a large and grpwlng family hungry for a home with its vines its garden Its orchard its fields and its cooling springs the man of science sees new species new ideas rare phenomena phe-nomena strange crystals and attractive attract-ive forms In the minerals and byproducts bypro-ducts of natures laboratory to inspire his research through the mountains the canyons and beneath the surface the engineer sees great possible combinations com-binations of capital and skill in harnessing har-nessing the restless water powers to become the trained servants of the future In transmitting energy and carrying car-rying Ught power water and utillly lo the people of the cities and the people of all parts of the State the statesman sees opportunities for broadening and Introducing newer and wiser methods of legislation for the equitable I and lSt conservation and 9 tt uisinmuion 01 me rain nat laus on the Just and unjust alike The merchant mer-chant the manufacturer the man of toil and labor stand shoulder to shoulder shoul-der on a plane of equal rights and touch elbows In a fair race in which J neither lose but both win I Heres to Idaho where shines this New Years day the dawn of the twentieth twen-tieth century the bright Iridescent light on her mountain tops which gave her the name and Uic right to be called I the Gem of the Mountains And then once more in earnest hers to the men of the mountains wherever they are to Swiss Republic or Boer or even the States of our own Republic Repub-lic when rulers forget the principles Ilc eternal truth and right and justice may there always linger In the breast of the man of mountain birth the love of liberty the hope of struggling humanity hu-manity The poet McDonald many years ago sang of Idaho Let others sigh for orange groves < Where warmer sunbeams shine The lofty mountains freedom loves I I And freedoms choice Is mine I sigh not for a Southern clime Where tropic roses blow Give me the pineclad hills sublime sublme The his of Idaho I And I do love the mountain lands I Though not a son of thine For me thy scenes have something grand somethIng In every rugged line I For I was born among the hills And reared where tempests blow I And thus my soul with rapture thrills t To hail thee Idaho thris I Bonded Patented Total and float land assessed Counties ing debt acres Val ual Ada 102198 02DOS 5l 9SIO Bannock 130419 102SGS 5202013 Bear Lake 25356 S0007 13021m Blngliam 7G331 1754 5 26S517l Blame Ol3 81531 1S2U1 Dolt 10C1C9 32010 GftfM Canyon 3SOOO J74KM l 1 2ni7fCrj j J I Cassia 32603 HI571 i lMOW Elmoro 173120 22222 1393 SOl Idaho 076W 1J7IM 791lfi Kootenal 23213 45S793 U433931 I I Latah 7524S 3S91IO IbliiJIO Lornhl 12300 1 1I7CI lKOKi I Lincoln 23i9ST 27030 3338913 Z00 1339J3 Noz Perce 192a JCO178 822S312 Onehla o 17GQO 153551 20JOC70 Owyheo 107015 33103 533373 539 Shoshone tfGIGO2 37960 2121092 1 3960 121G Washington I79DS 95101 2131221 I 213I21 I Custer 24818 G06S93 GC83 Fremont 133420 25237C5 Total i 17151113 IDAHO CENSUS 1900 W H Savage United > tates Census Supervisor far Idaho furnishes the following fol-lowing census returns Ada 1152 Bear Lake U5 I J31 sham v 10117 I I Blafne 1900 Boise j 4171 Canyon I t 77 Cassia it031 I Cuuter V 1 2813 281 Elmore 22SO Fremont 12821 81 Idaho 9SI21 Kootenal 10210 10211 Lutah 13151 Lcmhl i 2448 Lincoln J71 Nez Perco 13743 Oneida OSS Owyhco > 3Sftl Shoshono J 11950 Washington CSS2 This la 1 an Increase of 917 per gent In the last ten dynrs the total population popula-tion being 161772 In 1900 AGRICULTURE RAINFALL ETC The agricultural Interests of Idaho arc of very great Importance and much of the substantial growth In population popula-tion and business Is the result of the Increase in irrigation canals and in tho productions of the farms orchards and flocks I has been often stated that this State was well equipped in its water supply in its mineral resources forests and fertile valleys The rain fall Is a feature that gIves Idaho greater Seater Seat-er benefits than other sections of the arId regions The average precipitation precipita-tion for a term of vonrs has been found to be 1752 inches fOt the entIre State hosed upon oillcial reports of the weather bureau But I Is also true that there iu perhaps the greatest range be tween the extremes shown In various I 1 portions of the State For instance > h > I < l J i t I I i 1 I t T J Map 1 r c Mape t 1 < r II wnd portion d I L7 IDAHO I I DTff I I E Jrrjable e Land 4 I I L + I77L I r T J A J 1oNT I fi5fj6TO OlT = I y 3OI5Et LcUs2LER J t j < t l J 4 r c 4 FREiOONT BLJijYf I L 17o wwvffjib4 i r > i > t iI IL i < i I 1 d z 2Z 1 AJ > y rZXZjCffRZ l 1i4 43J T ri a ric T4HO5MOaJ iiJ L IJICOLy f1flmuo 1 I or rHEE r I BPYjYOCX I i J f K I Ar Q1 iODJL5FRIMG I I l > 1 I I 0 i 1Cf1551A < > I J I < l ± I j f fi iYE ICJLL7JL VTHfr Ij j I I along the lava beds and some sections of the Snako River plains the rainfall month and Inch per la less than one under ten inches per annum while other sections range from 20 to 10 inches sectons this peculiar Illustrate per annum To lustralc pccular thousand condition and also to show many condIton subject sand people interested in the where the greatest areas of rainfall ex at the annual average ist the following averaSe points indicated below has been pre rmred Annual Av In Station Co 803 Oakley Cassia 91S Lost River Elaine Co 1987 Jlnlley Blalno Blnjno Co Co 1192 Soldier 111100 1551 Co BlaIne Corral BIngham Co 9D LJlicktoot 1111 Bingham Co Swan Valley Co 1579 Irwin Blngliam 1325 OneIda Co Falls American 118 n 1371 Oneida Co Weston a 1225 PftIs Bear Lake Co Pirg Bannock Co 1103 Downey Bannock Co 1173 Cheslerlleld Banloclt 1785 Fremont Co 17S Marysvlllc llc 1119 Co Fremont Burnslde Co 1C CO Lake Fremont 1059 Chains Caster Co ls 1577 Lcmhl Co I Yellow Jacket Lmhi Yelow 2132 Cu Ola Boise Mill Idaho City Bolso Co 21 lmorc Co 2f Atlanta I Boise City Ada C 1142 Pnyctt canyon Snllbria Washingtn Poihock Idaho Co J2s Poloclt Ne Per c Co Moscow 1xlliLll Co 2 G 40GS Mm ray Shoshono Co 3197 St Ockonock Marys Kootenal Kootenal Co Co 2343 20 77 Lakuvlcw Kootenal Co Portions of southern Idaho In Lincoln Lin-coln Elmoie Owyhee and Ada coun in this reports are given ties where no review have less than 10 inches annual an-nual precipitation The statistics presented pre-sented herewith are valuable for the Illustrating one feature of of feame purpose p the State which the writer believes to be worthy the attention of those directly direct-ly interested in agriculture or those who are conducting experiments for the nurnose ofi gaining better results in farming In this arid region National rl toward attention has now been turned I attenton the problem of reclaiming the 100000000 acres of arable lands owned by the t Government In the arid States The preservation of the waters by forest I preseraton and i reservoirs covering the uplands heads of the streams throughout an I immense mountain area is now before Congress Some of the best Western es idea intellects arc at work upon this reclaim make productive ana i how to recaim malt productve open these lands to settlement how to prepare these lands for an Increase of population amounting to 200000 a year in these States The general Government Govern-ment which Is the owner of this vast region will be asked to appropriate 1500000 wi 520000000 each year for 15o000 the waters In these higher I places by Impounding the rain and nowfal In lakes reservoirs and for for during the dry season on ests use dulng I the benches and valleys below I Is a great and practical work which thin States and Individual concerns will I gladly aid and supplement by efforts I auxiliarY to and in harmony with the general Government Such homes will I become in time the choicest most 1 healthful and attractive in tie Nation i DRY FARMING In line with this general proposition the writer has Investigated the subject of dry farming on the benches and uplands up-lands of the Montana Slates Dry farming has been and is now successfully fully carried on in Utah Idaho cessJ other sections I does best where the rainfall Is great enough In the fall and spring to give the seed a good start In time for the Dlant to reach maturity before July 1st or June 15th In Cache valley Utah In the Upper Snake River basin of eastern Idaho also In western and northern Idaho dry farming can be carried on with profit by the cultivation culti-vation of whqat rye barley alfalfa yalon and flax In some localities where tho sol is deep and rich and the snowfall or sprIng rains a little above the average aver-age potatoes and other vegetables can be grown without Irrigation The culture cul-ture of flax hops and other new crop such as brome grass and plants suit able for these uplands ought to be tried by many farmers The price oc llaxsocd in Chicago reached 1 SO per bushel In October 1900 and II is now worth about tWQ and a half times I as much as wheat In northern Idaho Experiments Ex-periments in its culture on the uplands where no cultivation has been attempted attempt-ed might result In adding hundreds of thousands of dollars to the annual output out-put o Idaho lands Not only flax but winter grain should bo tried in hundreds hun-dreds of the upper valleys table lands plateaux and hills One farmer two and a half miles south of Salubria on high rolling land raised fifty bushels I of wheat per acre last summer One farmer on Monroe creek above Welser has raised winter wheat for nine years on the same land and has averaged about twentyfive bushels to the acre Dr Williams the Welser druggist has tried the experiment for the past three years on dry bench land and averaged about thirty bushels of barley Rev Dr Paddock of the Welser Industrial college raised about thirty bushels oC wheat this season on the bench overlooking over-looking the town and records of hundreds hun-dreds of farmers around St Anthony Rexburg and other sections of eastern Idaho also in tho Malad valley on Camas prairie and in various otljer baSins and upland coves In some cases on the tops of high tablelands from Moscow to the Utah line come reports which show that the average of grain raised reaches from fifteen to forty bushels to the acre annually The average of several seasons Is given In the Upper Snake River basin at twen t eight to thirtytwo bushels and many other localities at twenty to thirtyfive bushels Flax ranges from i I twelve to twenty bushels and this year > has brought 5125 to130 per bushel In J t northern Idaho One good crOp of alfalfa I al-falfa and a second cror for seed can j frequently bo secured depondlng on I the soil the climate and other conditions ALFALFA SEED I The profit In raising alfalfa seed asa as-a crop Is again mentioned by the annual an-nual Tribune reviewer who watches 1lIb wqtch t f rc the progress and prosperity of the agriculturist I culturlsU Idaho farmers can add 1 culurist year to the products of the State by carefully taking these lessons 1 to heart and also help make room for I thousands of new people by showing utilize the untilled and unclaimed how lo claimed bench lands lying above the r present canal systems Many such places have been examined by the writer Immediately have adjoining the foothills foot-hills where adjacent free grazing for hls whlre adjcent cattle sheep and horses can be found Thousands of farmers In Iowa Nebraska I Ne-braska Minnesota Kansas and the middle Slates can be taken care of under un-der the present canal systems of Idaho I and many thousands in the near future when the best locations are occupied In the valleys will then move upward leys along these streams and upon the bench I lands to which attention is called In this article In some respects the table of precipitation presented In this connection con-nection was prepared especially for tho information of those Interested in the subject of dry farming In Idaho WEATHER CONDITIONS Also In this same connection Mr S M Blandford section director at Boise of the United States weather bureau 1urnlslies lie following review of weather conditions In Idaho during 1900 and progress of agriculture horticulture I horti-culture mining and other Interests During Lhe past year the various In I dnstries of the Stair prospered agricultural I agri-cultural Intel sls advanced and extended ex-tended and In the mining field the results re-sults were very satisfactory However How-ever in some sections principally in thc extreme southern counties there was failure of crops due to continuous faiure months and mining drpuffht for four mining operations in some districts were suspended sus-pended owing to shortage of water but the drought and shortage of water Instead of discouraging the people have stimulated them to more determined stmulated tcm effort to overcome the difficulties as much as possible fho iirlninr nf 1RM1flOO wag the most remarkable on record or within the memory of very early settlers for light I snowfalls in the mountains December snowfals 18t was mild and very lillle snow fell I January was mid as a midspring month February had higher temperature I tempera-ture than the average and March broke the record for mildness There was an excess of temperature during thE spring months but the summer was cool and the fall about the average aver-age Summing up the year to Decem age SumllJnS ber 1 1900 tlrcre was an excess ort or-t < of 562 degrcus or a dally j I In regard to average of 16 degrees resarl weather the year was unusually delightful de-lightful being devoid of severe cold spells or prolonged warm periods and the precipitation was about the average aver-age i It would be Inferred that the agricultural agri-cultural interests would suffer Irreparable Irre-parable loss when considering the unprecedented un-precedented light snowfalls In the i mountains for in this State as in other l1ountalns the semiarid region the mountain snow supply regulates the slagx of the streams While tills was R gt lo a large extent in tho case of l small streams which failed early In I smal the season the larger streams though reaching thc lowest stage Heretofore ever known continued to supply the Ir I igation i canals consequently vegeta I lion adjacent to the canals made the I usual growth notwithstanding tho I drought Though the crops failed I I along the small streams the State pro ducod large hay grain and fruit crops j i and the area devoted to agriculture and I I horticulture was extended hortculul I The failure of the streams and springs caused some inconvenience to i I the stockmen In many Instance good I pasture lands were abandoned for lack herds into of watcu this brought many j close proximity along the main watercourses I water-courses and the pastures were impaired I thereby There was very lillle loss of I stock in consequence of the dryness I I and the fall rains having revived the streams and renewed the grass slock I returned to winter quarters l in very fair condition It is cxpecled the abandoned strips of pasturage lands will be espe I daIly good next season I The placer mining season began ex i ceptlonally early and ceased early In I the summer when the water became scarce I Is thought that the season I was about the average There was scarcely any snow on the lower mona tains to Impede the work of the prospector pros-pector and developing work In the I i 1 quartz ihlnlng districts progressed rapidly I rap-Idly in consequence of the roads being I I In good condition to permit hauling over them early in the season I In all the industrial pursuits In the i Stale there Is great activity and a I cheerful spirit seems to prevail All I the people cherish the hope that there I will be abundant snowfalls In the j mountains during the approaching I I winter I I THE LIVESTOCK INDUSTRY j I I The natural conditions of Idaho arc latural conditons I favorable to the livestock Industry I The large proportion of grazing lands afford horses sheep and cattle a wide summer range In the mountains and upon the uplands while the lower altitudes al-titudes along the cultivated valleys furnish ample hay grain and feed during I dur-ing the winter season Better prices have prevailed the past two or three I I years for all classes of stock and the al casses annual Income as well as the aggrc I I 1 I gate value of flocks and herds has almost al-most doubled in worth as an investment 1 Invest-ment Greater attention Is now given I to providing both shelter and food forI the winter and this lessens the percentage I per-centage of loss usually found on the ranges The demand for horses hun I been very good In outside markets and the principal surplus has been shipped out of the State The steady demand for mutton and beef has been the I means of enriching the stockgrowers I and of placing the entire industry of the State upon a solid foundation after I years of uncertainly and In some cases of financial loss The livestock census I cen-sus for Idaho was taken for the Unllfd I States Agricultural department by Mr Jwnes A Wilson of Boise who gave l the subject thorough Investigation and j personal attention In his report to the i c k chief statistician In charge of agriculture agricul-ture he reviews and summarized the I livestock conditions In Idaho for 1900 as follows I As special agent of the Census Bureau Bu-reau In charge of the worlc of gatherIng I gather-Ing statisllcs of live stock on range I find that 0 complete census of the live stock of district number fifteen has been taken The district comprising compris-ing over sixtyfive thousand square miles Is nearly equally divided In I winter and summer ranges The great Snake river valley from the eastern I to the western boundary being especially espe-cially fine winter feeding grounds I while the mountain country on either i side affords the best summer range The extent of the stock business of the future in this district is largely dependent upon the reclamation of the arid lands upon which the Government has recently started active preliminary work the results of which the people look forward to with great expectations expecta-tions The vccent appointment of Government Gov-ernment Inspectors of stock is approved and no favoritism will be shown or expected hence the stockmen arc using great care in the movement of their flocks and herds In order that contagious diseases wherever they appear ap-pear may be readily suppressed The work of gathering a classified census of live stock has been approved by tl stockmen of this district and I do not know of a caso wherein any misleading mislead-ing statements have been made and the enumeration has been conducted with care and may well be considered approximately ap-proximately correct A question of tho leasing of the public pub-lic lands for range purposes has been put forward by several parties throughout the country and will bo discussed length before the comlnhg convention of the National LiveStock association to be held at Salt Lake Utah January 15th to 18th next Whatever the result of this discussion may be it Is well to mention here that the stockmen of Idaho arc opposed to Him i n < 3lnr nrnnnsiilInn and it is the geneial i opinion l t 1 it would boa failure and not only drive out the small men but would retard the development of the entire West Whatever the future fu-ture policy of our counlry may he It cannot be denied that the trade of the Orient will bo of special benefit to the slockmon whose range and feed Is west of the Rocky Mountains the backbone of tho continent as we call It The necessity of railroad connection connec-tion between tho winter feeding grounds and summer ranges becomes more apparent each year and the building up of factories and woolen mills nearer the producer is a feature In which the alockgrower is deeply interested in-terested The extensive packing Industry In-dustry of the country may look forward for-ward to the time in the near future when the stock business west of the continental divide will demand establishments estab-lishments on the Pacific coast which will bring the market nearer the range lessen the time In transit to onefourth the present time iitlm n downhill pull to the sea The slock industry of this I district Is composed principally of small owners TheIr range trouble arc few and amicably adjusted They are building roads Improving Im-proving farms and ranches and the future will see Snake river valley a feeding ground second to none of equal area In the country BOISE AND SOUTHERIT IDAHO Maj Fred R Reed a man of wide experience in business affairs who has recently taken hold of some mining enterprises en-terprises gives The Tribune his views as tollows The many strangers who arc now visiting Idaho arc all deeply impressed with the commercial solidity solid-ity and business activity of Boise City I Is a well known fact that there Is not a vacant store and a dwelling house is simply out of the question all of the office buildings arc well filled everybody Is bmw nd Boise 1s experiencing experi-encing a solid legitimate growth without with-out the slightest boom of any kind It seems as If it was the hub of a great rich and growing country and that every iniprouicent that was made was demanded and In accordance accord-ance with the pace that commerce and the growth and development required I I anyone doubts but what tin business bus-iness men are busy Just let them watch I I the freight trains loaded with merchandise mer-chandise that arrive and then watch the distribution of thai merchandise In all directions they cannot help arriving arriv-ing at the conclusion that Boise Is a growing very busy and most prosperous pros-perous young city Boise is fortunate I besides being a good business city It Is full of substantial people Is a city of churches schools refinement and I hospitality and the thinking stranger is Immediately Impressed with the splendid future of the place The writer who has been making 0 careful I care-ful study of the resources of southern south-ern Idaho for three years and from experience I ex-perience in other like countries wishes to go on record with Iho following forecasts for the future of southern Idaho In five years Boise will have twentyfive thousand If wemyfc people not more it will be tapped by two railroads roads besides the present Oregon Short Line It will bo the wholesale Jobbing ianl I principal commercial city between Salt Lako Ulah and Portland Or 1 the great cordon of mineralbearing mineraibearng I I mountains will be dotted with shaft houses and the mineral zones of this j wonderfully rich country will be un derstood and operated succesfully and I profitably deep mining will prove val I ues and the present mining will compare com-pare to the mining of the future as one 1 I to i thousand 1 I nc I The now unknown country from the Black Hornet mines to Willow creek will astonish the mining world The I Neal district will also prove Its j ability to add to Its shore to the pre I cious metal output of Idaho I There are now two dredges being I I operated succcssfiily lueceRsfu on Snake river In five years twentyfive dredges will be profitably I employed extracting gold l from auriferous grounds on the banks I of the mighty Snake I The Swan Falls water power Is the 1 pioneer water power to be harnessed on a large scale but three more will be uiillxud shortly 8hort Owyhoo county will be the scene of a great mining Incarnation and the grenl cnrnalol hidden treasures 41 the Owyhccs will remain Idle cars not many years There Is now a general movement toward the reclamation of the arid lands of the valley of the Snake the ulslntograled lava or volcanic ash soil Is in so rich so prolific so generous the Judgment of the writer the grqat cst money earner of all Southern Irrigation Idahos colossal resources Irrigton Is king and and soil under the fructifying I unc fying influence of Irrigation absolutely abso-lutely perpetuates its fertility and 1 I eliminates the elements of failure be t assured moisture for crops i cause with L < molstu1o wih urec I a sol so wonderful in Us producing and favor i qualities with the healthy I able climate of this section man becomes be-comes master of the situation and 1C j the t-he be industrious frugal and use good I Kenso lie evening of his life should be I spent nensC In peace and plenty in a land of frulls Hoers and sunshine Boise is not the only place on the I I map in this great ampitheater of the valley of the Snake and all fairmind ed people will be glad to see Nampu Caldwel Parma Payete and Velser 1 on the west Mountin Home Glenna Ion ountn Bliss Shoshone American Fails Ferry and Pocatello on the cast all grow I j thrive and prosper to as great an extent ex-tent as conditions justify I In this great era of new condlllons Idaho the Gem of the Mountains shall because of its great resources within a reasonable time obtain recognition re-cognition n as one of lme > nner Slates cognIton the Mississippi river nature west remarkably In fact has been generous lavish in its endowments of Idaho lavI8h and given ls the raw material for the monwealth founding of a great and splendid com The object of this article Is to call attention at-tention to Boises future as the city of Idahospace forbids my saying what ought to be said of this part of the State of the great Boise busln with grent Its prosperous towns of Idaho City Con terville Placervllle and Quartzburg all tributary to Boise Much could be said of the Horseshoe l lIuch tho PCtt and Its future Emmett demands a kindly word then the Iong and Round valleys Payetto lakes Rocky Bar and Atlanta both mountain towns and the beautiful Wood river country with Its towns of llailey Bellcvue and Ketchum are worthy of special mellon also several beautiful and very rich valleys that trend to the valley of the Snake Suffice be it that the writer believing believ-ing In the bright and splendid future of southern Idaho believes the time has come to use printers Ink to inform in-form the world of this Idaho land of Its i wonderful and diversified resources of Its opportunities for all kinds of earnest industrious people who are looking for n chance to better their conditIons Would t not be a good idea for everybody to wake up and help push IRRIGATION AND SETTLEMENT The office of State Engineer was created in 1895 at the time of the acceptance I ac-ceptance of the provisions of the Gamy I act granting lands from the general Government lo the arid States Mr D W Ross the present State Engineer was appointed In March 1S99 for four years The work done in relation lo irrigation matters has been carefully laid out and most conscientiously conducted i con-ducted and upon such broad and efficient effi-cient lines that In many respects the problem of Irilgatlon has not only made great advancement but Idaho is fast becoming an example for other Stales to follow The report of the State Engineer for 1900 will cover a scope of general knowledge o the Irrigation problem especially giving the important points icgarding the great resources of the State of Idaho us to the extent of the water supply the lands subject to settlement set-tlement and cultivation with maps and data of the irrigated districts rh ehiif water sunnlv of the State an ithcl largest field i Irrigable lands is shown to be In the Snake River valley 1 val-ley The upper watershed of the Snake ilver basin includes the headwaters of j I the streams rising In the Tetons and I other ranges of wcslern Wyoming the National park watershed with Jack sons lake near the head of the South fork with Henrys lake on the North fork of Snake river furnish the greatest great-est supply The drainage area of the great Snake river basin covers approximately ap-proximately 12000 square miles and the main sources of its water supply lie at an elevation of 4000 to 7000 feet The volume or flow of the water in the channel of the Snake varies frorti 4000 to 50000 second feet during the low and highwater seasons Ihe high water occurring during the mouths of Juno and July This condition prevails pre-vails throughout the length of the river and of course is very favorable to the full crop production of the season sea-son Referring lo time lands now being irrigated irri-gated In the upper Snake river valley lying between the towns of Blackfoot and Marysvlllc Is a strip of country about ninety miles long and averaging about ten miles in width containing 576000 acres This area is now almost enthely under ditches constructed or partly constructed This embraces the principal agricultural settlements of the Snake River valley This large body of irrigable land also extends down the valley below Blackfoot about forty miles to American Falls and is about twelve miles wide containing 175000 acres Of this amount probably 100000 acres lie on the northeast side of Snake river and are under the proposed system of the American Falls Power and Canal company while 75000 acres are within the limits of the Fort Hall Indian reservation res-ervation and arc under the reservallon canal which is completed lo Ross Fork The number of canals in operation opera-tion in this upper agricultural basin are twenty of large capacity averaging twenty miles each in length and they vary in size from fifteen to forty feet on the bottom also fifty canals belong ing to corporated companies aggregating aggre-gating over 700 miles in length bo sides laterals and ditches for distributing distribut-ing the waters upon the farm land This list Is all in Fremont county Tn Bingham county are twenty canals which irrigate from 2000 to 5000 acres of land each and range from ten to 100 miles In length These ditches range from ten to sixty feet In width on the bottom The cost of construction Is from 10000 to 200000 each IMPORTANT FEATURE In Fremont county Is an Important and peculiar feature viz there Is but one canal owned separately from the land while In Blngham there arc only two of these canals that are operated on a rental basis and not owned as community property The title of the land and the water should go together Nearly all of these canals have been successfully managed amid have proven financially good investments as well Some of these Idaho canals will float a steamboat Within a few yeais this has become one of time most prosperous pros-perous counties In the Stale Fremont county was the lust county organized yet today It stands third In population In the State The principal cause of this rapid advance is that no engineering engineer-ing difficulties existed and the wonderfully won-derfully fertile and cheap lands most ly I Government lands until a few years since The cost of these ditches was from 1 lo 4 an Inch for permanent water right with an annual fixed cTiarge for maintenance of 5 to 20 cents per acre The next large area of Irrigable land on Snake river lies In time vicinity of Mlnnldoka and contains about 100000 acres It is necessary to construct adam a-dam In order to raise tIme waters of the Snake fortytwo1 feet to cover the ad r jacent tracts of sagebrush lands The j I investigation of this project was made I by the State Engineer In 1SUC Thu estimated cost of constructing the dam and Irrigating ditch lo reclaim his tract would be about 7 per acre and under the Carey act this could be done by I creating a Hen upon time land The next and last diversion of the waters of the Snake upon the lands In Idaho Is at a point above the Twin Falls Shoshone Falls From thin point water may be diverted for the Irrigation of about 275000 acres oC sagebrush land Until the summer oC 1900 It was not known that It wu feasible to divert the Snake river upon this line but surveys were made however how-ever by the Stale Engineer which demonstrated dem-onstrated the fart that It was not only feasible but that the dam and canals could bo constructed at very reasonable reason-able cost The waters will need to bo raised thirtyeight feet high hut the dam itself can bo built quite easily About 215000 acres lies on the south and west of Shoshone Falls and 30000 acres on the north and cast of the falls The main canal on the south side will be ninety feet on the bottom near the head and sixtyfive miles In length Its capacity will be 3000 second feet The canal on the north side will be about twenty miles long twentyfive feet Sn I Width on the bottom and Its capacity 100 second feet The cost of thf entire system is estimated at 1500000 The quality of this entire body of land la superior it Is quite level wIth thorough drainage and with water under cultivation culti-vation will become one of the most productive pro-ductive localities In the State This Is one of the largest bodies of land lying under one system and Is also one t of tne largest Irrigating enterprises in the arid West fL 1restTHE FALLS ffi < In thisconnection It Is well to refer to a remarkable feature of this locality local-ity near Shoshono Falls for hero Is probably found the greatest undeveloped undevel-oped water power on this continent much greater even than Niagara falls which is now generating such immense electrical energy From the hcadgalo I of the proposed canal a fall is found of 150 feet In the first two mlles and at Shoshone Falls in the channel below be-low the river Is nearly 1000 feet lower than at the dam and headgate In this distance are Dry Creek falls of fifty V feet Twin falls of ISO feet and oC Shoshone falls 210 feet all of which are vertical falls of 410 feet The river itself has an average fall through the canyon of over thirty feet to the mile aside from the perpendicular falls The IrrtripI notii eanabie of generation at Shoshonc Falls canyon may fairly be estimated at 250000 horeepower at the minimum flow of 4000 cubic feet per second up to 2000000 horsepower at the high flood flow The State of Idaho has recently made application to the Interior department and 218000 acres have already been set aside under the provisions of the Carey act adjacent lo Shoshoc Falls When the permanent segregation of these lands has been perfected the work of construction of the dam and canal system sys-tem will be undertaken When the canals are all In operation and the waters of time Snake diverted above the Shoshone Falls It might bethought be-thought by some that the lower portion of Snake river might suffer from the loss of water above In the summer season But there Is a peculiar phenomenon phe-nomenon found below this district at the Shoshone Falls which has a great leaning on this phase of the subject The underflow of waters through the lava beds makes its appearance at a point perhaps forty miles below Sho Phone Falls where strong currents or streams of water burst out of the lava banks of Snake river about ISO feet in height above the channel und add a volume of new water probably from 2000 to 3000 second feel This point Is called Thousand Springs as the water comes out of the lava in such a multitude multi-tude of places About 100 miles below at Swan Falls where a dam has been constructed for an electrical power plant this year the Increased flow of Snake rhvcr Is found to be about 5000 second feet largely due to the underflow under-flow mentioned at the Thousand Springs THE VALLEY OF THE BOISE From the point of diversion at Sho shone Falls to the Oregon line there are no feasible points of diversion on account of the fact that the mesas and benches along the river lie from 100 to 1000 feet above the level of the river ut least as far as the mouth of the Boise river The large bodies of Irrigable land In southwestern Idaho arc situated l in the Boise Payetto and Welser valleys val-leys The largest body Is In the Boise valley This river has a watershed of about 250 square miles lying at an elevation ele-vation of 4000 to SOOO feet The flow oC this river varies from SOO second feet during Its lowest stage to 40000 second feet during its flood period The irrigable irri-gable kinds amount to 310000 acres lying under the canal completed or under un-der construction About 55000 acres are under actual cultivation With lie careful use of the water supply about 130000 acics can be Irrigated at all stages und a much larger amount during dur-ing the early part of the season in the harvesting of grain But the complete development of all this land will depend de-pend upon the construction of storage reservoir systems Time longest canal system In time Boise valley belongs to the Boise City Irrigation and Land company the Rl denbaugh canal which has a total length of 110 miles and from 200 to 300 miles of lateral ditches Then thin Phyllis the Settlers the Riverside and New York canals are the principal sjs tems on the south side of the Boise The Pcnault the Farmers Union Dry Creek Middleton and the Scbrec canals water time lands upon the north side The total capacity of all the canals diverting di-verting the waters of the Boise Is 1740 second feet The present duty of water In the Boise valley is extremely low being about forty acres to the second foot of water showing extravagance in Its use and much waste THE PAYETTE VALLEY The great surplus waters of the Pay otto river are quite In contrast with other streams The irrigable area of the Payettc valley Is about SOOOO acres and almost CCOOO acres are now under actual cultivation The principal canals In the Payetle valley are the Payetto Valley Irrigation and Water Power company the Noble ditch the Last Chance und the Enterprise watering the lands on time south while the Low cr Payctte canal beginning about six miles above the town of Payette waters wa-ters the lower valley on the north side of the river and extends down the Snake valley to the town of Welser The Canyon canal is designed to irrigate irri-gate 20000 acres at the upper end of the valley on the north side Over 500000 has been expended In canal construe lion In the Payette valley THE WEISER VALLEY The Welser canal covers about 12000 acres of Irrigable lands surrounding the town of Welser A large body of land Is under Irrigation In the upper portion of the Welser valley in the vicinity vi-cinity of Council and Salubria What this valley lacks Sn quantity is made up in quality both in the fertility of the soil and excellence of its products SMALLER TRACTS Besides these large bodies of irrigable lands described there are many smaller small-er tracts lying In the adjacent valleys particularly in Oneidn Cassia Bannock Ban-nock and Elmore and Bear Lake counties coun-ties Perhaps the highest duty of water wa-ter Is obtained in these counties from the economical use under tIme Mormon system of rotation in use of serviceable Irrigating heads 1 The total area of Irrigable lands In I I Idaho IP 1899 amounted to a little over j I 500000 acres a gain of something more than 100 per cent in the last ten years 1 Herewith Is a map of the Irrigable lands of Idaho The Interest taken In Irrigation by the State of Idaho Is evidenced by the character of Its legislation on the subject sub-ject The laws provide for a system of district ownership and supervision similar to the Wright law of CuUfor nla but under the Inspection and conducted con-ducted under the supervision and approval I ap-proval of the State Engineer The further fur-ther development of the arid lands is beinc conducted under the provisions Of the Carey act The State law supplementing sup-plementing the act of Congress provides pro-vides time community ownership of all works constructed under this act The i Initiation of these projects the deter I minatlcn of the relations which shall exist between those who construct the works and the setters who become their purchaser must be to the satisfaction satis-faction of the Slate and the policy outlined I out-lined bv the State authorities has in I I view two objects first the protection I of the setter and second the protection protec-tion of those who invest their money In these enterprises Idaho appreciates t the Importance of maintaining the good name and reputation of its irrigation securities for we have reached the point whore we must consider great undertakings S un-dertakings which can only be consummated consum-mated through the cooperation of I I large capital and this must not be led astray This expression from State Fnglncer Ross gives the spirit with ii which the whole irrigation problem In Idaho Is being carried on A movement was begun this fall to I 1 organize nn irrigation district at Wel i ser under the laws of the State and a similar organization was started at S Caldwell bv hlch the control of thee I the-e I water systems would be placed In the I hands of district officers bonds to purchase I pur-chase the canals being authorized bylaw I 1 by-law when the distribution and control I of irrigation waters would be transferred trans-ferred to the people themselves after j 13 reimbursing the corporations and orlg In1 l owners No district has yet availed I c Itself of this privilege hut meetings I were called nnd the agitation and discussion dis-cussion of the subject Is being carried on In the two districts mentioned S LAND AN MINERAL SURVEYS I I 5 The largest Federal office In the Slate I of Idaho is that of the SurveyorGcn 5 Ial where there are constantly employed em-ployed fifteen men The ofllce lionS I lion-S jurisdiction over all public land and mlneinl I surveys in the State and Is I the ultimate source from whence all 5 titles to the lands arise for the Government I Govern-ment must have accurate and ofllclul cureys befor parting with title to I either farms or mines I The SurvevorGeneral is Hon Joseph Perrault a ellknown Republican leader He is assisted by a chief clerk n A Robb who is Acting Surveyor t jeneral In his absence six draftsmen 1 to stenographers five transcribing L I dorks nnd a dtrlo messenger The last report of SurveyorGeneral riy Perrault was made to the Commissioner t Commission-er of the General Land ofllco June 30 I I HJOO from which it appears that rapid vc progress has been and is now being made in the survcv of public lands J hereby extensive areas are opened to pitilers There were surveyed In whole t or in part fiftyseven townships em re luicing SSG70303 acres making the en tho surveyed area o the State 1S31G p OH4 acres leaving unsurveyed 3G912OG6 c acres j Surveying contracts have been nuarded aggregating theexpendlture of Ici SV1I21 which is the largest sum ever rtI expended in the State during one year t for such a purpose Extensive surveys tr were made In Kootenal Shoshone La tah Washington Boise Fremont Ban L nork Bingham Oneida and Bear Lake counties A large portion of the SUI ta vcvs executed In the last two years Si have recently been carefully examined j4 by representatives 0 the General I Land I tt olllce and with the exception of n au small contract covering less in extent L than one township all the surveys were Is found to have been very satisfactorily lai executed which shows a high degree LIi of skill among the Idaho deputy stir dtii vevors and should be most gratifying Ir lo setters desiring surveys In view of Lrtt the large number of defects in public riu surveys which have been discovered In rt other States The examiners of surveys sur-veys have been men of ability energy LI and impartiality The SurveyorGeneral expresses the opinion that the rules of the General Land once requiring affidavits from iral settlers who desire the survey of unsur u1 eyed land are too rigid and should be 5 changed to meet local conditions These S rules are appropriate in the majority of the surveying districts where com 5 jiaratively liltlo of the public domain i II jb nmains unsurvejcd but with only one oj third of Idaho surveyed a more liberal 35i pollcy should prevail In order to assist numerous settlers living In isolated I t1n regions many miles from any lines of eB5 public survey who cannot intelligently rlga determine where they reside I is accordingly I Ituik ac-cordingly Important that a number of Cr IL standard or meridian lines should leD le-D xtcnded In various directions throughout 1itir out the State I has also been found 2i1 that settlers arc occasionally anxious I1O to prevent the survey of their homes in d f order to escape their Just burden of 5cc taxation and wheiover this Is the case surveyjj should be made upon a proper I i report from the county authorities lcrt During the current fiscal year it Is as proposed to survey sixtyeight town t ships of public lands scattered over all S a I parts of the State but as only 20000 at d 1 is available for this purpose It Is probable jt ds prob-able that much of this work will have ln to be deferred until I new appropriation appropria-tion Is made by Congress Yii S During the last fiscal year there were sti surveyed for mineral patents 201 lodes 5 5 fortyeight placers and three niillsltes i t1 and durIng the current fiscal year there eJ5 C4 have already been issued orders for the S survey of over 200 mining claims I S jjl thus appears great activity prevails into in-to mlnng matters S WATER MEASUREMENTS Si lf I1C S iW Following are the measurements of I BEAK RIVER AT BATTLE CKEEK I i the waters of Beat river available for r Cl1 irrIgation purposes as recorded In their the-ir report of the division of hydrography I1 i during 1899 March 2Slh gauge height Le 11Z feet discharge 77C second feet t i I May 8th gauge height 325 feet discharge l r dis-charge 237G second feet July 3rd discharge s M dis-charge J7SI second feet August Uh ndf Range height oGl feet discharge 1732 in iS Keioml feet December lib gauge height 221 feel discharge 1312 second i1 feet f tbe PORTNEUF RIVER l POCATELLO trait March Oth gauge height 8 feel discharge IC 351 dis-charge 80S uccnnU feet May 22nd 0Qfjtd gauge height y10 feet discharge iU1 iiO second feet June I 25th gauge height ipilt SflO feet d discharge 53S second feot bO 1 July 2Slh gauge height 7 feet discharge Let F dis-charge 123 second feet August 27th the I gauge height 705 feet discharge 129 Iocond feet a tbCtt SNAKE RIVER AT MINIDOKA FERRY IDA t 1 tyete About fiityllve miles above Shoshone 0rtb Falls occurs a natural dam site from Fn16 oceUIS which as a starting point surveys havu of Ijoen run for canaLs intended to cover toe the lands on both sides of the river I In r eU 0 large extent of country Ten miles cr 1c dontlie river at the ferry between ii C ° Mlnkloka station and Albion measure nicrftTf were taken by the Government t1 S s which show the amount of water avail t1 able for irrIgation purposes and also JIl1 the amount that could be developed for t rrostt t power purposes at Twin Falls or Sho rf bi lihone Falls fortylive miles down the ii th river March 2Dth gauge height 30J In t ci foci discharge 5CSS second feet May bl t is J i 23rd gauge height 5JO feet discharge I l 1 lGf87 second feet June 27th gauge Celli height 1070 feet discharge 3171S second US I sec-ond feet July 29th gauge height 610 rts feel discharge 15012 second feet August DC irfi 1 Au-gust 2Mh gauge height 3CS feet discharge 5 Ir dis-charge j2 Juu iwind feet October llth 0 v naflY 31J feel discharge 5911 ei1t rJ fcauKe height 51 t rscond feet rJCof 1 L1TTLI3 WOOD RIVER AT rOPONIS dUt This stream rises In the foolhlllR cant re ti of Wood river and drains a country adJoining tIle ad-Joining that of the Malad or Big Wood oC Sfr IC river It enters the Lava desert almost aK goon Jus i leaves tln mountains and Ir Us bed is I ablC during the irrigating season blCI j UIlug Irrigallb is o 1 I t dry during tIme latter part of the > um i I nlcth r mOl in Its lower reaches A measurement 5t measure-ment taken at Shoshone August 29 I a lie tel 1R90 showed a discharge of 7 second th i feet at Toponls At this time the discharge lr S dis-charge was only 0 second feet March < hase onl 1r 1 440 feet discharge height dCDC 2Sth gauge helJht rlschalse on t he id second feet May 2oth gAuge height 1 a t lr 0 scon feet discharge 01 second feet for it 1iO Z foot dls 59p1r June 21th gauge height mu charge 11 second feet a cc charsc 1 cUr c S MALAD RIVER AT TOPONIS IDA riS1 > 1 fatil 11A Malad or Big Wood river has its M l bourcc above Kctchum and How south Cr tho e the f f erly Into Snihc rit Ar Jo1ow J f StttC j S COJl IPct ncr nc-r lb i 1I 1 I 1i i mouth of Camas creek which enters from Camas prairie to the west the main stream enters a broken lava country In which there is no surface addition the rainfall percolating through the soil Into the lava beds Considerable Irrigation is carried on in Its basin and several canals are taken out above the station One very Interesting In-teresting phenomenon of the Snake I river below Shoshone Falls and almost I south of the Little and Big Wood rivers where they enter the lava beds is seen In the Thousand Springs which discharge dis-charge about 5000 second feet of water into Snake river from underneath the lava Whether this great volume of water comes entirely from the Wood River channels or partly from Lost tHlrt liver Is an unsettled problem vlth many yet the loss nf water In all of these streams is easily accounted for ea1ly by the natural character of the lava I beds and also ou shown by the Thousand Thou-sand Springs themselves The measurements meas-urements of Malad river at the bridge 1 onehalf mile above Toponls Ire March 28th gauge height 240 feet discharge 12 second feel May 25th gauge height 3SO feet discharge 023 second ee Junr 21th gauge height 5 feel discharge 1CF16 second feet i July 27th gauge height 2SO feet discharge dis-charge 12 = 5 second feet I I MALAD RIVER AT BLISS IDA I Several miles below Toponls and also below the Inaction of the Little Wood river there Is a marked Increase of I water evidently coming from springs I In the lava desert In order to show I the Increase and determine the amount available for future hydraulic developments develop-ments the Government measurements measlrcmcnts are made about eight I miles southwest I of BlIss station on the Oregon Short Line railway March 27th gauge height 250 feet discharge 1S15 second feet May 2Gth gauge height 270 feet 1 discharge 1736 second feet June 23rd I gauge height 350 feet discharge 2S7S second feet July 26th gauge height 230 feet discharge 1203 second feet September 23rd gauge height 215 feet discharge 109f second feel BOISE RIVER AT BOISE IDA This river drains n mountainous and Wellwooded country in Elmore county The effects of the forests In Conserving the waters arc shown in the high How that Is maintained throughout the summer sum-mer season In contrast with the Wet I ser river whIch drains a more barren or less wooded country Below the United States gauging station which is locatedabout nine miles above Boise in I the canyon a large lumber of canals are taken out which divert iiiuch of the I river to irrigate the lands of Boise valley val-ley Probably about 55000 acres are I under actual cultivation with about I I 300000 under the canal systems The following discharge measurements were made during lb99 lb99Gauge Gauge Discharge Date height tect 2nd feet March 24 lX 3816 April 1 270 3I1S I May 16 G10 9C27 I May 2S 010 10711 July 11 430 7H August 2 2 OJ 203i I August 2C 153 1JS3 September 11 120 1103 iV series of measurements of Boise river and canals taking water from It were made by N S Dim September 12th to 16 1899 for the United States Geological Geo-logical bureau and tables are found in the official report PAYETTE RIVER AT PAYETTE IDA This river drains a wellwooded mountainous area similar to basIn of the Boise The effect of the forest is shown In the wellsustained summer I How Systematic measurements were formerly made on this river by the I Government but owing to the excess of water above the needs of irrigators this station 1 not now maintained On I September 10 1S99 n measurement was made at Payette by N S Dils which showed n discharge of 1C77 second feet A number of Important canals are taken ta-ken from the Payette and this vale ranks as one of the largest and best In this State WEISER RIVER AT WEISER IDA I The drainage basin of this river Is mountainous and rocky 11 contrast with the wellwooded areas of the Boise and Pnyette basins and the effect Is I shown in the highHood discharges and low summer flow A numberof small I litches utilize considerable water from I this river but the principal canal Is the Galloway canal which supplies the I lownslte and the lands around Weiser Following arc the discharge measurements I measure-ments for the WeIner river taken in I 189J March 22nd gauge height 380 feet discharge 2S22 second feet April ICth gauge height4 170 feet discharge 3831 second feet May ISth gauge height 420 feet discharge 3092 second feet May 29th gauge height 4 feet discharge 2839 second feet July Sth gauge height 210 feet discharge 1195 second feet September 9th gauge height 075 feet discharge 115 second feet LANDS GRANTED The State of Idaho has received liberal eral land grants from the general Government Gov-ernment which Including the provisions provis-Ions of the organic act and of the Carey law approximates 3500000 acres The State Board of Land Commissioners Commission-ers I Is composed of the Governor Attor neyGeneral Secretary of Stale and Superintendent of Public Instruction Following is the business of the Land department for 1900 and a statement of the condition of the various Stale land grants > r r a I S 0 n 3 e P p 2 8 0 I c Namo of Grant I g 0 1 J 2 r 1 I I I = I riilvenslty I fOOfw I9W5ISI 1 ci3 PcMiltcntlnrj EUuOO 4JG7723 l 73277 Itiblle toil Id Imigs 132 1 l 3O J rIclltumICItgcl 90C00 86iZlJ4I l l 33il SctnUle Schools 100110 rL24 4O4i71ZC4 Normal schools i0i0O0 74m167525083I5 0101 INOJ Chant 0111 1mJ 1JOIOjH8112jHlS7 IiiHttnc asylum i 500001 4 llIS 52513 Leases In 1300 of agricultural and grazing1 lands 27030 acres revenue on same 16000 sold In 1900 10509 acres average about 12 per acre amount sold for 126108 TIMBER In eleven townships In the counties of Latah and Shoshone the State haM tlmberd lands selected upon which the following Is the estimated value White Pine J0577272 Yellow Ilue 2II23K low 1lno WhlloFlf 72S9JDi Red Fir 43W17 tf733Gli Tamarack Gl Cedar WIj7t Total > il r There are about 25000 acres of timbered tim-bered lands selected in Boise and Fre I mont counties upon which the State has no estimate The minimum 1rl eat e-at which these State lands can he sold is 10 per acre so that It will be seen that the Idaho schools arc richly I endowed en-dowed A SUCCESSFUL CANAL SYSTEM The Boise City Irrigation and Land company better known a the Rlden laugh canal Is owned entirely by the Taylor anA Satterfield estates oC Buffalo Buffa-lo N Y The length of the main canal miles with several branchca Is fifty wIh aggregating 110 more total 160 mIles I iHldc from the farmers laterals amounting to several hundred miles There arc over 400 customers using the waters of thin canal THero are I more than 75000 acres of bpmethlng I Irrlcable lands under this canal and 1111able there now under cultivation fully I 20000 acres The Influx of new settlers Is very I large at present coming principally and Missouri from Nebraska Iowa llsourl also a good ebrak from Montana Colo nllo 0 More set rado Kansas and Oklahoma jore located In this vicinity durIng tiers have hoc loepted lag J900 than In the preceding six years put together There was one part of fiftyfive people from Oklahoma which arrived In December and many small I panIcs are arriving in all the surrounding sur-rounding valleys and towns of southwestern south-western Idaho The attractions of a dry healthy climate where there Is a fertIle soil n sure water supply and no cyclones or blizzards brings people to I the Irrigated valleys I Mr R E Green the manager of this entfrpnse mentions a few facts which have come under his notice Alfalfa I IB the great staple crop like corn In the prairie States and the average of the entire valley would run about five I Ions to the acre with occasional crops on the best farms of seven lo eight I tons to the acre each season The price In the stack this year has been from i 125 to 5 per ton making the averag I of 52250 to 30 per I I acre Timothy and clover run from three to four tons per acre Oats run from thirty lo sixty bushels wheat from twentylive to forty bushels barky from forty to sixty bushels potatoes 200 to 300 bushels bush-els Fruits are ibundant and enormous In productive capacity yielding as high ns 20000 to 30000 pounds of prunes to I the acre peaches pears plums apples grapes and all small lUIS and vegetables vege-tables thrive and produce the hUHic ii t Muality as well as the largest quantity I of any fruit region Idaho fruits took I the premium at llif Worlds fair Tho Boise Payette Wolser and othor smaller valleys are famed for their excellent ex-cellent fruits and fruit hinds celen ruls I The price of lands under these canals not under cultivation can be had from I 10 uncer on the outside and near the I towns from 1i to 20 for raw lands But Improved lands range from 25 to I 100 per acre accordIng to location This valley is well supplied with i I schools and as an Illustration it is stated that there are twenty schoolhouses I school-houses situated along this canal and I all Idaho schools arc well supplied with funds from the sales and leases of State school lands The cost of water is i about 1 50 per acre a year but the land under good cultivation produces I from 15 to 35 per acre each season I I so that there Is good money In irrigated farms IDAHO MIDLAND RAILWAY This newly projected railway was incorporated In-corporated during the summer of 1900 t Boise City and the preliminary work of organizing surveying securing I rights of way and some of the grading S was accomplished in the Boise valley The route ot the Idaho Midland is from Butte Mont to Boise City and Is intended In-tended to reach San Francisco in time aecordlng to the statements 6f Its promoter pro-moter who claim the line will be buIlt and traffic of nnd that the resources tlalc the region through which it is Intended 1 to pass are ample to make not only avery a-very Important factor In the development develop-ment of tho great mineral agricultural I agricul-tural and commeiolal Interests of Idaho and Montana but a paying Investment I Undoubtedly one of the most pressing needs of the vast territory included In the mining and arid regions of Idaho Montana Wyoming Utah Nevada S Oregon and California Is for new and competitive through lines lo the Paclllc coast harbors The Impetus given to this section by the starting of the Salt Lake Los Angeles line and the advent ad-vent of the Burlington company into western Wyoming and its surveys into Utah Idaho and Montana during the present season has been felt in many ways in Idaho There are always many who are not sanguine of the success of new and difficult enterprises and there was n great struggle at Idahos capital S to get into the front position to secure all the advantages that might come by the proposed Butte and Boise railroad rail-road The battle was fought and won I I by the progressive people who felt that they could not afford to hesitate nor I delay going on record in favor of guaranteeing guar-anteeing the full amount necessary to give the Midland railway a satisfactory satisfac-tory start Boise City organized Its hive workers and secured 200000 subscriptions i sub-scriptions to the bonds of therallroad and about 300000 additional was guaranteed guar-anteed for the right of way westward to the Canyon count line where the town of Caldwell took up the project and In addition to the right of way already al-ready graded down the valley to that town on the Oregon Short Line railroad road the business men and property owners donated 1000 town lots and ample am-ple acreage for all tracks depots and terminal privileges and then capped the climax by placing a cash subscription subscrip-tion of 75000 on top oC It all The energy en-ergy displayed and the business guaranteed guar-anteed Is one of the best evIdence of the spirit of the people as well as the piosperous condition of the country to be opened by the new railway Traffic contracts were made by the ofllcers of tho new line for about 300 miles along the proposed route with the owners of mines and other business enterprises I enter-prises and five miles was graded up the provided Boise canyon and terminal facilities The officers of the Idaho Midland company with headquarters at Boise arc Thomas Bates president GeorgeS George-S Glover vlceprcfaldenl Edward II Wilson secretary CS Loveland assistant as-sistant secretary II E Neal treasurer treas-urer 0 E Jackson general counsel The route as set out In the articles of Incorporation extends n the mainline main-line from a point at or near the mouth lne the Boise river on Snake river easterly twenty miles to Caldwell on the Oregon Short Line thence up the valley of the Boise thirty miles to Boise City and thence along that river seventeen miles to the mouth of Moores creek In Boise county then up the south fork of the Boise fiftyfive I miles to Pine Grove Elmore county then up said stream thirty miles to the mouth of the Little Smoky creek in I Blame county then along the Big Smoky fourteen miles to the town of Vienna then northerly along Salmon river twentysix miles to Red Fish lakes hen sixteen miles to the mouth of Yankee Fork branch of Salmon river then twenty miles along the main Salmon lo Clayton then twenty miles to Challis the county seat of Cus ter county thence sixty miles to Salmon Sal-mon City county seat of Lcmhl county coun-ty then twentytwo niles to the mouth of the North fork of Salmon river then twelve miles along the said fork to Glbbonsville and thence northeasterly twenty miles to the summit of the Rocky mountains at or near the dividing I divid-ing line between Idaho and Montana Branches are also provided for from the middle fork or the Boise river forty miles northerly to Atlanta Elmore county from the mouth of Yankee Fork Salmon river twenty miles northerly to Custer City and from Challls southeasterly forty miles to Houston on Lost river The entire estimated distance being about 161 estmated c miles within the State of Idaho IDAHO FRUIT INDUSTRY This has been a year of remarkable activity In the fruit Interests of soulh western Idaho From 1S90 to 1SD5 extensive ex-tensive tracts were set to fruit largely prunes and apples in the principal valleys val-leys particularly In the Welspr Pay cite and Boise valleys While these orchards have produced a considerable quantity of fruit for several years post tho present year has more than fulfilled the expectations of the moat sanguine when the orchards were first set out The prune trees have already reached full maturity and this year produced an Immense crop of excellent quality This fruit was sold In nearly all of the cities of the East and South through the Earl Fruit company and Porter Bros company whoso agents were In the field during the entire fruit season I A considerable portion of the crop was I I evaporated by the growers but at time present time there arc not sufllclent I I evaporators to properly and successfully I successful-ly handle the crop What Is now need I ed more than anything else Is several 1 large evaporators of sqlDclent capacity 1 i to handle the prune crop of the various I I localities The principal portion of the prune I orchards that have been sot are near railroad points viz Weiner Payette Parma Caldwell Nampa Moun lain home Boise City Perkins Bcatty Me 5 rid hi n all Sonna stations on the Boise branch between Boise and Nampa As an illustration of the growth of the prune Industry alone It Is only necessary neces-sary to refer to the prune shipments from Beat station seven miles west of Boise This Is the shipping point for a large cectlon of country under lie Boise and Nampa canal and these prune shipments were nearly all made under the management and direction of Dr II P Ustlck of Boise who has one of the largest prune orchards In I this vicinity About fifty cars of 26 000 pounds capacity each were shipped from this station alone through Dr Usllck who packed and forwarded not only his own crop but the crop of I other growers in that vicinity Some of these prunes were shipped to Glasgow I Glas-gow Scotland where ery satisfactory prices were received These shipments I however represent only a portion of the crop grown in that vicinity There were several evaporators In operation during the entire season and several carloads of dried prunes have already been sold and shipped at remunerative pr Ices I This locality lone has sufficient prunes lo supply a very large evaporator evapo-rator at the same lime reserving at least onehalf of the crop for greon fruit shipments Meridian three miles west of Beat ty also shipped a large number of cars of Junes as well as a considerable supply of apples I I Emmett near tho upper I end of the Payetlo valloy also produced a large prune crop This place Is located about eighteen miles from the railroad and Is the only point where prunes have been growl to any great extent at so groat a distance from Iho lines of transportation transporta-tion Lon At Boise City during the entire fruit I season largo forces of men and women r were kept constantly employed packing and loading prunes for Eastern shipment ship-ment Several carloads were sent from this elation each day during the fruit shipment period C J Since J J Yates and Marccllus Riggs being the principal packers and forwarders APPLE CROP I Next In order of production to prunes I i has ben the apple crop This crop I I proved more than a surprise to the j I growers While the crop In the East I i I I was very large and sold at n very low figure yet a large portion of the apple I crop of southwestern Idaho was o so I I I flue a quality that It sold for fancy J f prices and stood the excessive high I I I freight charges to Chicago anu other points As an illustration of this fact Congressman Wilson and Mr Wood his law partner sold their Jonathan apples a carload each for Si per box delivered upon the ears at Beatly sta ton and the purchasers offered them a considerably Increased price for another I an-other carload of similar stock In addition I ad-dition to this Mr Wilson sold his entire en-tire crop of Rome Beauty apples about 2500 boxes for 85 cents per box These were also shipped to Chicago where I 1 they were placed in competition with I other apples that are selling there for I selng no mere than the freight charges from I i Boise to Chicago No more practical illustration could be furnished than these facts of the I excellence of the Idaho apples when I compared with the apples grown In tho Eastern States Idaho growers were also competitors In the fruit displays at the Paris exposition ex-position In the competition for prizes for collections of apples crop of 1900 The Idaho Horticultural society was awarded one of the first prizes The collection composing this exhibit was made up of apples selected from the general exhibits of Congressman Wilson Wil-son Mr Porcine of Lincoln county and Mr C P Hartley of Caldwell who Is president of the State Horticultural society so-ciety In the competition for these prizes Mr Perrlne Mr Hartley and Mr Wilson were also awarded prizes for their Individual exhibits of apples These apples were forwarded by express ex-press to New York m care of the Department JlCSS partment of Agriculture and the display I dis-play I was made under the direction and n nlt1 i i 1r omj < i i itiuu uj U L uiiiuun JL LHUL mi liar tment SHIPMENTS October 2oth about 300 cars of fruit mostly apples and prunes had been shipped from the Boise Payette amid Weiser valleys alone to Eastern points and points In tho mountain region east 1 of Pocatello These shipments were as I follows Weiner 10 cars Payette 38 cars Parma C Caldwell 43 Nampa 22 Meridian 9 Perkins 1 Beat 51 Boise 98 a total of 291 cars Since the above statement was furnished nearly two cars more mostly apples have been shipped from the same stations While the foregoing deals only with the production and shipments frqm the southwestern counties of the State 1 other sections have produced a large amount of prunes and apples This Is especially true of Nes Perec and Latah counties where in the vicinity oC Leu Istou and Moscow the fruit industry Indus-try Is becoming quite as Important as wheatgrowing Logan county In the vicinity of Shoshone and along Snake river produces a considerable quantity of lino apples and the name Is true of the counties of Cassia and Bingham The excellence of the fruit this year Is attributed in a great degree lo the enforcement of the Slate law against fruit pests This law requires constant care of trees and protection against the spread of any kind of pest or disease and It has been rigidly enforced Many old orchards have been cut down and Uic newer ones have been carefully guarded and protected A very noticeable notice-able feature In this respect is i the thirty acre apple orchard of Mr Fremont Wood near Boise City This orchard was set to yearling trees in 1895 The orchard this year produced 1300 boxes of apples practically free from worms This was one of the orchards studied and examined during the summer by Mr Simpson who was sent here by the Department of Agriculture to study the habits of the codling moth and It was found to be practically free from the pst This was the result of constant spraying and care and Miv AVood believes be-lieves that with the exercise of proper care the orchard can be kept practically practi-cally freo from worms In the future I the various fruit pests can be kept In subjection south Idaho will become one of the great appleproducing belts of the country THE SHIPMENTS In giving I the fruit shipments above we have Included nothing but carload lots A very large business has been handled through the express companies com-panies Early In the season the Pacific company announced < very low rate to all points on the Short Line railway This resulted in tho successful marketing market-ing of all the early apples plums pears many prunes and ery large quantities of small fruits Includlng the express shipments a conservative grower estimated the entire green fruit shipments from points between Weiser and Boise at COO cars in 1900 When It Is considered that this bust H I ness is just m us imancy u II at once apparent that I t future Is i bright and 1 that It Is soon to become one of the great Industries of the State But canning can-ning evaporating and preserving are necessary to save the entire crop and this must soon follow If Idaho fruit growers make the full profit on their crops THE SPIRIT OF PROGRESS TH I I Probably there Is nowhere In the Northwest n more efficient or progressive progres-sive public body than the Boise Chamber I Cham-ber of Commerce The chamber was 1 originally formed April 28 1899 From I that time lo the present every member I mem-ber ha labored assiduously to advance I ad-vance the best interests of the thriving capital city oC Idaho Early in Its career the fact became apparent that In order to accomplish the best results and thoruoghly establish Itself as a permanent force In the upbuilding of Boise the chamber would have to be more than a mere abstraction a simple I name of something without legal status The members therefore determined deter-mined upon Incorporation and on May I 10 1900 they became n duly organized L body corporate under the name of the Boise Chamber of Commerce limited In reviewing the work accomplished In 1900 the objects of the organization NU bo summed up tersely as follows To encourage the general development develop-ment of the resources and In advancement advance-ment of the Interests of tho city of Boise and Idaho While in a quiet way the chamber worked constantly for everything calculated to benefit the I city there came a lime when Us energies ener-gies were directed to the helping of a neighboring town which fire had practically J i prac-tically destroyed The generous sympathy manifested ion i-on that occasion gave to every town In communication with Boise perfect con 1 j lldenco In the unselfishness and the ability of tho board of directors of the chamber and the spirit of fellowship and the feelings of common interest inspired by that event have been powerful pow-erful Instruments for good in working out the plans for the betterment of I Boise and all that broad scope of territory terri-tory of which it Is the natural center One of the first matters to demand Irst maleIs the attention of the Chamber of Commerce I Com-merce was the Improvement of the I highways connecting Boise with the various towns situated In the sui I 1 rounding mountains All of them are j pioMpcrous mining camps having the capital city as their basis of supplies and within the last two years many I I Uiangcs for the better In those thor I r oughfares have been effected directly I and Indirectly by I the energetic board I I of directors which has raised and expended ex-pended a large amouirt of money for I I I these undertakings RAILWAYS l But not content with striving to come In closer touch with their neighbors by I means of wagon roads the chamber has labored diligently to secure Increased railway facilities for Boise and the I Stale For years sporadic efforts had been made to Induce railway extension I exten-sion toward the city but nothing tangible tang-ible was accomplished until propositions proposi-tions looking lo the deflection of the main line of the Oregon Short Line railway from Its present line into Boise vvnii tfilrnn iif lir I lin Olio tv l > nt nf S tic larvii up u > mi wiiuiiiui OL Commerce Within a few short weeks I through the efforts of the chamber the enterprising city of about 10000 people I subscribed a bonus of 270000 as an Inducement I In-ducement to the Oregon Short Line r all way to make the proposed changes rho amount was satisfactory to the railway company but unforseen obstacles ob-stacles prevented the consummation of what it had been hoped would be of very great benefit to the people Nothing daunted the members of the chamber They Immediately opened negotiations with other parties and In an Incredibly short time had secured subscriptions to the amount of 230000 in bonds of the Idaho Midland railway and way from Boise lo Butte MonL In addition 25000 In cash for the pin chase of a right of way for that road from the west line of Ada county to what Is known as the Canyon of Boise river nine miles eastward of the city This enterprise Is in promising condition present Tho right of way condlton has been secured and It Is expected that active operations will soon be commenced that will only end when anew new line of railway extending from Butte to the coast passes through Boise n monument to the energy and perscverence of the Chamber of Commerce Com-merce One act deserving the highest commendation com-mendation was the providing of means mendaton for the magnificent entertainment given tho Idaho volunteers when they returned from their victorious campaign cam-paign In the Philippine islands This labor of love endeared the Boise Chamber Commerce to the people of the entire State and made Its name n household word In every part of tho Gem of tho Mountains Nothing that can add to the prestige of Boise or tend to the advancement of Its material welfare Is overlooked by this untiring organization I keelS before the world the resources and advantages ad-vantages worl city in a multitude of ways I has under consideration irVc fnr fim net n liMQhmr > nt nt n woolen JJIUIlb IU1 LI1U irMillilioiliiiVJu u jJUIO mill In the vicinity of Boise and fruit Icnl drying and canning plants will through Its efforts soon be accomplished accom-plished facts in Idahos capital Negotiations Nego-tiations have been commenced for the erection of n pressed brick factory ENTERPRISING SPIRIT Each year the chamber assists materially ma-terially in making the Idaho InterMountain Inter-Mountain fair n grand success No enterprise is ignored no proposition propo-sition for the advancement of Boise Is overlooked or slighted and whatever tends to the development of any part of Idaho receives earnest attention and cordial support An average of over a dozen letters are dally answered relating re-lating to the resources of the State and the opportunities afforded to home seekers Hundreds of families nonresidents non-residents of Idaho bear witness to the untiring energy of the chamber Il disseminating Information and InducIng induc-ing Immigration descriptive At least once a month n lescripte article is published in some Eastern artice of wide circulation Such are paper some of the methods pusued by this xiptodato public body of the anniversary Each year on Boise Cham the Nations natal day the ber of Commerce sees to It that the fires of patriotism are not allowed Jltriotsm fles slumbol but on the contrary it takes the lead In arousing enthusiasm of attrac and making Boise the center thou for those who celebrate the day ton In a brief way is I presented an TIts this praise outline of the doings of worthy organization which in less than months has for public pur eighteen and raised over JE60000 In cash poses 100000 Inhabitants city of subscriptions in a habitants Us membership of out 100 persons Includes the best elements of the om munlly the energy the push the vim the vigor and the wealth o Boise are ylJOl Commerce all found in the Chamber of The present officers are W E Pierce president Nathan Falk vicepresi dent C C Anderson treasurer Sherman the Coffin fcccrctary and man M Ud board of directors Is composed of the R E Green J following gentlemen II Richards M Alexander 11 E Neal Fred R Reed James A Pinney and A J GlorJeux LEMHI COUNTY Salmon City Dec 25The development develop-ment of the resources of this Iemhi county has grown to such magnitude that i an article explanatory of Us there the advance during past year 1ance during than must be more of a generalization of particulars to make a reasonable newspaper partculars artcle hence you will find In this communication merely a condensed con-densed summary of our situation after a lausc of the past year Whereas for a decade of years men not only of long residence here but those on transient visits of inquiry into the merits of our resources have pro dictcd 0 very great future for this part of Idaho I does now seem that these prophetic forecasts were founded upon a substantial ground and that they are I beginning to be swiftly realized The town of Salmon City has grown In n wonderful manner for an Inland j village a long way Isolated from railroad I lage road thoroughfares Many fine private structures have been built and many more aro contemplated also buildings 1 of a public nature arc In hand to cost large sums of money which when completed com-pleted will add luster to the features of the town Our streets have been put upon a proper grade and handsome I I I sidewalks laid to every quarter until dear to the hearts I the spot is not only deal I of our home folk but an admiration to i visitors Wo have thoroughly established a fine water system electric light plant I and telephone service These matters simply show the advance of the mineral min-eral resources of the country which I I I will now turn to In a casual manner 1 In this letter I will not refer to the Black Bird copper mining district for the reason that others will give you a report of that splendid mineral region which ccftalnly will dominate all others In the county and which for Jiie to omit In this communication will deprive de-prive my letter of Us strongest poInts j I I Notwithstanding this I will assure your readers that Lcmhl county possesses pos-sesses an inviting field In other metals besides copper such as gold encompassed 4 encom-passed In quartz In a free state thence 4 on through the many complicated bases that now and then accompany that metal lead with silver and silver without with-out lead Iron ores heavily impregnated Impreg-nated with copper and at times with lead MINERAL RESOURCES The mineral resources of our county have during the past year been flatteringly flat-teringly noticed by large capitalists from the East and other points They have taken occasion within the time mentioned to Invest several hundred thousand dollars here and to bond other properties of much greater value During the past year there have been several Incorporated Institutions formed which with the activity with which they propose to proceed to work fills tIme minds of all classes of our poo pie with much hope and enthusiasm which of Itself Is a great Incentive to a rapid development for the next and succeeding years Among the many things that are so buoyant to our hopes IB first the purchase of the Red Bird property Including the Wcntz and Davis Da-vis group of three claims all of which are located from twelve to fourteen miles north of town and the formation of the Red Bird Gold Mining company The purchase of the Queen of the Hills group located five miles north of town and the formation of the Idaho y3x Iporallon and Copper company Upon the claims embraced by this company there has been a five samp mill operated ope-rated for the past two and a half years successfully hence there Is considerable considera-ble development work done In which there Is enough ore blocked out It Is estimated lo run the mill at least six years The new company will however how-ever prepare at once to sink an additional addi-tional depth of 300 feet making the total to-tal C50 feel and add five more stamps Time Burlington and N P group which was recently purchased by Mr Rossler and then bonded to the Smile brothers of Nihart Mont These claims are located nine miles west of town At the present writing buildings are being erected and preparations made to do extensive work this winter with the calculation of erecting a mill next summer A wagon road has just been completed from the mine to connect with the Leesburgh road nine miles from town The Idaho Chemical Gold Mining company located In theYcllow Jacket district comprising fifteen claims all of which are being developed by a cross tunnel which has been progressing for two years and when completed will tap the mines not less than COO feet deep Everything concerning this company and Its management is very promising The Salmon River Mining company located on Silver creek has five claims ana a twentvton mill The group of seven claims located on Pratt creek formerly known as the Gold Stone company com-pany but recently reorganized and now known as the Climax Mining and Milling Mill-ing company Upon this property there Is a tenstamp mill The claims have been worked more or less for four years and a large amount of development develop-ment work has been done by shaft and drifts Now there Is being driven across a-cross tunnel to strike the vein at not less than 500 feet In depth this tunnel is now in 700 feet and the connection will be made in a short time There are six more groups on this creek hayIng hay-ing from three to eight claims each and all being developed with fair showings The Nicholas Co group of claims on Indian creek has a livestamp mill which has run continuously for the past one and a half years paying satisfactory sat-isfactory dividends The Salmon City Exploring company located near town for the purpose of boring artesian wells to Irrigate agricultural agri-cultural lands The Pacific Gold Dredging company of Chicago on Moose creek has run since early spring up lo about the middle mid-dle of November when a mishap oc lo ll j mnehlnorv and It was closed down for the winter The mines and groups that I have so far given are new Incorporations and they are In active operation with every Indication of future prosperity I will conclude this letter with a mention of a few of our most prominent mining properties that are of a private nature but which promise to be of equal benefit bene-fit to the prosperity of the country as those that are Incorporated SOUTHEASTERN DISTRICTS Commencing at Texas district In the southeastern part of the county I will call attention to the Groom group of leadsilver mines which has been developed de-veloped by a 150foot shaft and a COO i foot tunnel In this district Judge Quarles and also J P dough have some hiphgrade sliver ores There have been from time to time ores shipped from this district several carloads car-loads this season James Clark at Spring mountain has some large bodies of lowgrade lead silver ores which he concentrates by handjigs Two carloads of these concentrates con-centrates have been shipped the past summer with fair profit He is now working three men and expects to have this coming year a large product from the Jigs Mr A P Bruce has a fine group of copperbearing iron ore now being worked by leasers who will ship In the spring The Kitty Burton group on Indian creek has been and still Is being developed devel-oped by tunnels The Kitty Burton Is one of the bonanzas of the county and by arastra and small prospect mill SOOO has been extracted There are many othqr very promising prospects in the district that for want ot data I cannot now mention however it Is safe to tiy that Indian creek stands at the head asa as-a gold camp although there are some highgrade silver prospects there The Bosch and Demmlng mine at the head of Carman creek with Its five stamp mill never stops except on election elec-tion day when there Is a President of the linked Slates to be voted for This property with several other rich gold bearing claims belonging to Senator Shoup makes that region a promising one GI EBONS VILLE At Gibbonsvllle on the north fork there is considerable work being done principally by leasers their ore being reduced at the A D M mill Further Fur-ther than this there Is nothing else being be-ing done in the mines but prospecting In Eureka district between the Cummins Cum-mins and Red Bird groups are three very promising claims the Gold King Hopeful and I X L They are from eight to twelve feet wide They are developed by l a tunnel 270 feet with ia shaft down to vatcr During the past summer there have been some very fine claims located on Owl creek down the Salmon river rich enough to Justify the building of an arastra but it is useless for me to proceed pro-ceed further in the mention of our many promising prospects Suffice It to be known that the county is lun ot them and with the progressive strides made during the past year wo are satisfied sat-isfied that the next will at least double It in raito If not take on a boom The fact that this will bo the most prosperous pros-perous and progressive mineral section of the State will only be developed when a railroad makes Its advent In our midst Shrewd and wldeawake menace this and consequently are buying buy-ing up many prospects at nominal figures fig-ures In anticipation of such an occurrence occur-rence Capitalists well know that before our vast lead and copper resources re-sources can be utilized profitably a railroad must be close at hand hence from the quiet manner we see them securing our promising mining prospects pros-pects we arc encouraged In the belief that a railroad IB not far away From what I have learned from others I believe be-lieve that this present New Years Issue of The Tribune will open the eyes of Investors to the resources of Lemhl and adjoining counties and cause them to turn their attention this way for with a little capital Invested here In the furtherance of our development rail i Continued > tapj I 8 I J IDAHO IN isoe S Continued from pago 273 cannot resIst the temp Toad proJeCtOrs When it Is Imown them tation orecred trlbular to further that the country here down con rom rlvcr thc Salmoo forests oC VLSL extent oC the llnest tIns jrnltcd states nnptle tfl article timber that In railroads the must have tempted I11 be further tcmItce rmch projectors wl Please lct It be ln tQ derstood come this that aside from the showinG crstool present Will give of our your paper wi helow resourccs that Ul devcloped 200 miles in length is a country mies there width of the munc thirty miles In and thirt Saraeter that will ere long zed mineralized churacer with de contrlbutc to on your pages c and Improvements ot mlnlngplogres f rlpLo18 watershed on From the ielshcd procments ethr Kido everything must naturally place the river a proper gravitate the construction to 111 a railroad and for constructon built then will our i is road wl such a bult > lien wealth a dazzle the world luwogdj Amoral V DTIFTYOOD ctrSTBB COUNTY CUSTRCOUNT Mining ResourcesA Prosperous I ts and Bright Future Anticipated The Lucky Boy mine at Custer City operated lias been the most actively Custer county during the year mine in f countY owned Just plosed This property is ovnec by Life LUCkY130Y Mining company of successfully Salt Lake City and has been very for the past two cessfully managed McCornlclc Ihly years by Mr Henry 1lcCornlclc close corporation whose company is a corporalon stock is mostly held among a few people peo-ple In Salt Lake and Jl Is not on the are not in the market These people rot statements Habit of giving out regular they are doing But judging of what rle doing from the constant shipments of auro cyanldes gold bars and rich concen must show a very trates the operation handsome monthly dividend 1 THE LUCKY BOY VEIN TE of sye in a formation is a true fissure aton Is developed by an nite porphyry I The of SOO feet incline shaft to a depth Inclne about sixty men employs mine proper and is worked with power drills The principal development has been carried doWn on two main ore chutes aggre and only gating GOO feet In length galn of waste narrow band by a Separated nllow These ore bodies 0 show greater lateral strength and width in the No S level In the mine and than at any point blocked out ahead enough there is ore enou1h SOton mill sup the companys to keep l ompnnys The ore is a plied for three years orc pled free gold Hard white quartz carrying of good percentage together with a percenta1e and sil Qilghgradc sulphurets of Iron slyer gllgh1lade 20 average about ver and is said to ovela yer In proportions of about GO per erton perton proportons The silver 40 cent cent gold and per siver Lucky Boy mine produces eighty tons which Is conveyed to the of ore per day I companys mill at Custer City by 0 Holladay wirerope tramway a mile I and a quarter long This tramway crosses Custer ridge at an elevation of croses rl down and runs the mill 2000 feet above O opposite slope to the ore bin near opposie vertically be 300 feet the shalH > use 30 vcrtcaly low the summit The Luoky Boy mill Is of 25stamp wet crushing runs by steam power and considering Its Isolated surround brought to a degree oC ings has been proficiency and economy probably not In the handling of a excelled anywhere handlng a silvergold ore Fifty per cent of the values are saved on copper plates from where the tailings ings run to largesized Wilfley tables anJ from the Wllfleys to a set of canvas can-vas tables which are constructed and operated at a trifling cost and make avery a-very good saving of the finer concentrates concen-trates From this canvas plant the tailings are conveyed through a launder laun-der to the cyanide plant in a separate building 200 feet north of the mill where about 25 per cent of the more slimy material is separated out and run over a second set of canvas tables before it filially reaches the dump hell he-ll of the tings are run Into round I shaped cyanide tad es of which there nrc eight In number where they are nre eight in number with a dally capa elht city of sixty tons where they arc allowed al-lowed to leach for fortyeight hours The prqgnant solution is i pumped to the precpltaln room and prpclpltated in the usual manner on zinc shavings The total cost of working a ton of ore Including tramway charges has averaged S220 during the I past year rind the average saving has been 95 percent per-cent of the gold and So per cent of the fillver The concentrates from the Wilflcy tables and canvas plants average aver-age about 300 per ton and are shipped direct to the smelter at Salt Lake Mr William Aster Is foreman in 1 IJ 1 nIA cfl41gC OL me LULL anu um uyuniae plant Is handled by Mr Morris Bam berger THE BLACK GROUP OF MINES This property was reccntly purchased by a wealthy syndicate of Philadelphia capitalists for 50000 I Is situated Just across the gulch onequarter of a mile distant from the Lucky Boy and covers 3 large and welldefined parallel fissure vein carrying the same character char-acter of quartz that runs well In gold and silver This vOlt can be very economically developed by adit tunnels to a considerable consid-erable depth The new company has 3 force of thirty men at work they are putting machine drills and will con tjnue to block out ore In the mine which is already quite extensively de Velppcd The property Is equipped with n tenstamp mill which will be got in shape during the winter together with a cyanide attachment and a profitable I campaign o precious metal production I will be commenced in the early spring I I ON SAME VEIN Adjoining the Black and the Lucky Boy on the name system of parallel fissure veins arc situated the Little Giant Badger Summit and Gen Cus ter mines The sallow surface horizons hori-zons of these old properties in the past f years have yielded an aggregate of I something lee 510000000 the largest producer of the group being the Gen Custer which In the early eighties sup plied the companys mill with thirty tons or ore per day for months at a stretch that gave average battery samples of 300 per ton in gold and silver JAt a depth of about 400 feet in this mine the rich values played out the company got cold feet and quit and ul ant the property l has lain Idle for several years ralS t 1 I I The vein In the lower workings Is very well defined but filled with low grade Vquarl thirty feet wide Yet there is l jjtrong evidence to Indicate I IhJitU further exploration ih depth may develop n recurrence of the bo nanza values it contained near the I a rfacc t r I The entlreyankee Fork mining dls I trlcl In which all these veins occur 1 15 occupied by two igneous rocks sur I T rounded by a a great granite region The same formations In Colorado have produced sOle notable Instances of j Alternating lean vein horizons which wqre followed down and the hIgh Values found 19 recur again at deeper I 1 levels the great Tomboy mine at Tel uridc Cob I > being an ecunllie in point II lho richest i I values In the Gen Cust r were found where the vein passed I through a bluemottled pasSel I I hyry In the present lower levels por oC the mine where the ore Is lean the II viall little rol lower 3 are a Sandy rhy ° me A down the mountain the bed lcl edges of the blue porphyry tw I mation are again exposed 1 Is noHsl I I t1lt h Vlch Sll I tht Jlch lLcLjltatioi or ml l I n jn Ihl upper levels was dueMo I One alolemcnt In the blue pov I yhIra ropk 1 R nieh was the easei j Y to follow the vein It Is only necessary taloW underlying down to the same formation underlying when the same rich ing the rhyollte InG rhyoJe anticipated values may be again antcpated FINE OPENING FOR CAPITALISTS Jf a drain tunnel was run south into Custer mountain from Yankee Fork It would mile and a quarter long a 3 cut 0 ten welldefined fissure veins Including In-cluding weldeOned Cuuter and Lucky from 1600 to rom varying at depths Boy varyinS 2500 feet deep Yankee Fork flowing right past the tunnel site could cc readIly harnessed up to furnish 500 horsepower for tho enterprise If neces h018CpOWel such scheme I sary and It Is likely that a would result In the development of one of the most extensive and profitable profit-able gold and sliver mining enterprises in the West I MFADDEN MINE THE lFADDEN north j At EsteS mountain seven miles of Custer another magnificent system I of fissure veins occur coursing north and south through a formation made I and folslte porphyry up of diorite syenite felsie phyry dykes Estca peak Js 10500 feet phYr of the mlncs above soa level and most on the mountain pa arc above 0000 feet in altitude One of the most prominent properties In this fissure system is the Yankee better known as tlc Mc Fork group beter Imowl LS tC Iroup Fadden mine The development on tills mine consists lhc three shallow adit II 1100 feet In tunnels aggregating 110 length gre1atng In vclnThe vein I Is I four feet wide with a diabase foot wall and a felsite hanging The average aver-age wal ore Is said to run 20 per ton and In addition there Is usually a small pay i streak on one wall or thc other of high grade shipping ore worth from 300 to 500 per ton The vein filling Is soft and easily mined and carries good sprinkling easiy sprink-ling of copper Iron and silver sul phides The ore Is crushed In n five stamp mill and discharged directly Onto a Wllfiey table and canvas plant I Vlfey without the intervention of plate amalgamation amal-gamation as most of the values are silver The concentrates are dried sacked and shipped to Salt Lake and average SlO per ton The Yankee Fork mine has produced 100000 under the management of Its owner Mr James A MeFadden I is going down strong In the lower level and ha a large reserve I re-serve of ore In sight and it is currently reported that negotiations are In pro reJ l1t nh gress lor uiu piiririiiuji UL LUC jjiuiim Ljr by a Boston firm at the present time Adjoining the Yankee Fork mine to the south the old Montana mine has been quite a famous producer and has yielded fully 5500000 worth of very highgrade ore the values ranging about 70 per cent silver and 30 per cent gold One shipment of seventy tons of ore from this mine was paid for at the Bayhorse smelter at the rate of 1000 per ton The main ore chute has been followed down 518 feet when water was encountered and It became necessary to put In machinery silver went down and the development of the mine was discontinued about eight years ago ood deal of left There Is a good milling ore lef In the mine and the showing is especially espe-cially good near the bottom of the shaft This property was examined and sampled by Eastern parties late last fall and its purchase and extensive exten-sive development Is one of the probabilities prob-abilities of the near future Adjoining tile MeFadden and Montana Mon-tana are numerous other properties that have produced more or less rich ore Among the most promising maybe may-be mentioned the Bellemy Harvey mine the Hidden Treasure Whynoz Rankins Arcade Snowshoe and Silver mines all of which bear the earmarks of permanent true fissure veins and It Is to be hoped that their development may fall Into the hands of energetic and practical mining men for they are destined to furnish some sensational items of mining news AN IDAHO CRIPPLE CREEK Stanley basion eighteen miles due south of Custer has a great many points In common with Colorados famous fa-mous gold camp I Is a high mountain moun-tain basin 7000 feet above sea level In a groat granite region near the foot of the main uplift of the Sawtooth range whose rugged granite peaks reach feet skyward to elevations of 11000 feetThe The principal feature of Stanley basin ba-sin l Is a wide flat glacial track called Stanley creek the valley of which Is half a mile wide including Its low lateral lat-eral bars This valley Is bounded on either hand by Irregular ridges and low rounded hills of crumbley granite and porphyry formations Tho various hills valleys and gulches of Stanley basin covering an area ten miley square and the country adjacent Ito I-to i for a lang distance is one of the finest bunch grass regions In Idaho and is used ns a summer range for nearly half the cattle of Custer county Stanley basin Is one of the oldest placer camps in Idaho I was discovered in 1861 and according to tradition has produced about 1000000 worth of precious pre-cious dust The reason why It has not I wJ produced more Is the fact that the gulches are too fiat and the water supply I sup-ply I too short to admit of any extensive washing by ordinary methods and most al Ithe gold produced has been taken out by rockers and other small hand work < hc Sawtooth Placer company after a good deal of mismanagement finally got a dredge boat completed late last fall and made a short run on their ground which covers two miles of the main channel of Stanley creek The dredge has a capacity of 1200 cubic yards per day and It made an average saving of 50 cents per cubic yard of gravel worked There Is said to be 12000000 cubic yards of gravel on Stanley creek that will yield an average value of 35 cents per cubic yard Another dredge project pro-ject Is being floated at the present time I by Mr William Walters of Boise on another large tract of ground adjoining the Sawtooth company which is equally as rich Tho gravel is a light glacial debris averages about ten feel deep the bedrock Is soft there are no surface obstructions but sot and the general conditions arc ideal for eoncUtons successful suc-cessful dredging operations and a great deal of gold may be expected from this source sr i Stanley basin is i articulated with largo dykes of quartz porphyry diorite and trachyte that resemble phonolite also numerous quartz veins The whole surface area of the district carries placer gold worth 13 per ounce This gold is derived from the quartz veins and dykes which carry gold of exactly the same quality the natural alloy be ing silver In several instances rocker felnss i have been worked right up tot to-t cse dyltes and Into them At the Occidental mine a cut was made right into the heart of a forty foot dyke and the soft gangue dirt ganrue from the Joint planes and shrinkage Beams or the porphyry was screened out and packed down to a spring where sprinG it wan washed In a rocker and yielded 500 per ton PORPHYRY DYKE At the Lucky Strike mine a 270foot tunnel 1 has been run in I on another large larGe porphyry dyke At tho cioppings of l this dyke the gold If very coarse and some very rich specimens have been produced I Is l associated with brown pseudamophs aftor iron pyrites and lines the seams In the porphyry but In thC tunnel which has attained a faco depth of 150 feet the gold seems to be more decimated through the body of the rock nnd the whole face of the drift is said to carry an average value of 15 per ton in free goUT At another property called the Treni I pa group near Mormon Bar n largo vein of curly agatelike quartz Is In I j contact with 0 dyke of felslte and nn I soclated with thick bandsof green and 1 purple fluorspar Thin proposition Is I a mere prospect with a few tenfoot i I holes The vein carries some bands of I exldlzed quartz which on being first belnf frst I burned pans splendidly In very fine free sold indicating values ranging up to S76 or 100 per ton The contact vein and fluorlte association together with the4nneneB of the goidpo1nt to a resource re-source of rich 10Ul telurlum compounds and tJs not unlikely that a body 6r Uila valuablemineral will be discovered Jn f I depth on this vein and prove the Initial step to a string of very rich dlacovcrles In the district The formation of Stanley Stan-ley Basin district like Cripple Creek Colo is largely covered with debris In the small and hard to prospect smal placer miners I sluices and rockers of the mlncr there are found besides the gold and black Band rough sapphires pieces of I rich gold ore also chunks of cinnabar that Indicate a vein abc inches wide and assay 6 per cent quicksilver This I field for the prospector It I Is a great I n grcat Jel I will be a large producer of placer gold I wi I In the near future and from its many features of similarity may prove to be the Cripple Creek of Idaho in the production pro-duction of highgrade gold ore THE FISSURE MINE Twenty miles east of Stanley basin near Twcnt head of Warm Snrlng creek I the Fissure mine promises to prove tho the I center of a very productive new gold I quartz district The formations are granite with dykes of porphyry and there have been some very rich placer gulches worked in the vicinity of this mine This property has a welldefined fissure vein Jlvo to ten feet wide I has been quito extensively developed and recently had a mill built upon It The mill Is of ten stamps capacity and a trial run of D months duration was recently made on ore from one of their I best chutes which showed the handsome I hand-some overage of 530 per ton In free gold on the plates Tho mine has a large and lo i tonnage of ore blocked out likely to become a very Important producer pro-ducer of the precious metal WASHINGTON BASIN MINES It hI only a few mlles further east on I headwaters of the east fork of Salmon river to Washington basin where Mr Frank Tolman and George Jlackman have been Industriously developing de-veloping a group of mammoth gold veins for several years These veins are ten to fifty feet wide and can be plainly traced through the country for miles On the Blackman property there Is over 700 feet of tunneling on the veins and some very good average values have been found ranging from 5 to 50 per ton In tonfoot yay streaks The ore is heavily impregnated impreg-nated with Iron sulphides at 100 feet below the surface that yield readily to cyanide or chlorination I the same district the Thale group has GOO feet c development on a simi lar system of large veins and carrying equally as good values as those found I In the Blackman property There have been soma very fine specimens of I nickel cobalt and bismuth ore founa in the vicinity of these mines and the I whole region is very extensively mineralized min-eralized and suggests some great things In the way of future mining development develop-ment A BIG LOWGRADE CONCENTRATING CONCENTRA-TING LODE About seven miles south of Washington I Wash-ington basin a prospector named Andrew An-drew Oiler located a group of claims I during the past summer that cover a I belt of slide rock 400 feet wide coursing down the side of a mountain that is all lowgrade silverlead ore carrying a sprinkling of Iron and copper sul phides A number of assays of the material ma-terial was taken which Indicated an average value for the whole mass of 4 per cent lead 10 ounces silver and 2 gold per ton suggesting possibilities of a mammoth concentrating proposition A short tunnel was run through this mass of lowgrade float and a crevice I found from which there were taken out some pebbles of very highgrade mineral running over 1200 ounces silver and 550 gold CUSTER COUNTY SILVERLEAD DISTRICTS In the future history of lead and silver sil-ver production Custer county is destined des-tined to play 3 very Important part a it contains some of the best developed and some of the best undeveloped deposits de-posits of this class of mineral of any county In the State The principal leadsilver districts of Custer county including Bayhorse I Clayton Slate Creek East Fork Sea form Sheep Mountain and Lost River were f furnishing employment to about 3000 miners and prospectors when silver was at a dollar an ounce In 1893 when the white metal dropped so low the silvermining1 population stampeded out of the county and had it not been for our other varied resources of gold and copper the county organization would have been busted for want of sufficient timber hold it to together I THE CLAYTON SMELTER One enterprise however was saved from the wreck and reflects great credit on Manager Lawrence Greene ol the Clayton Mining and Smelting company com-pany who by close management has built UD a very successful and profitable profita-ble leadsilver mining and smelting enterprise en-terprise In spite of low prices and Isolation and the extension of the business Is only limited by lack of transportation facilities The production of the Clayton smelter er is only limited by the amount of bullion that can be gotten out to the railroad at Blackfoot 150 miles distant dis-tant as back freight by the freighters I hauling In supplies to the various I camps In the county This little plant Is of fifty tons duly capacity I has been run during every Rlltumot fr l Tllinifi Ififl flritO fM lin nnofr CTUIII1IJUI Ll L UUUUI JLVU UiL > 1 J Jl LIIV JJdO t seven years and Its production has been gradual Increased i each year the season just closed being the most successful suc-cessful In its history making a record of r700000 pounds of bullion in 110 days About five cars of this product will have to he carried over until spring for lack of wagon freight to haul It to the railroad This smelter uses 17 per cent straight charcoal fuel makes a slag that averages aver-ages less l than threefourths of an ounce silver and onehalf of 1 per cent lead The cost of smelling a gross ton of ore is 3 a record probably not much excelled at some of the crack smelters i I in Salt Lake and Denver I Tile profs of the Clayton company for the past season will approximate 1 S50000 Most of the ore was supplied from tho companys own mines the Red Bird and Skylark mines being their principal producers RED BIRD MINE This li is a vorv interesting mineral deposit consisting of a succession of geysershaped pipes or chimneys of oro In a blackblue lime belt These chimneys chim-neys are filled with soft limonlte Iron ore well sprinkled with gray carbonate of lead and boulders of galena The ore averages 1 ounce of silver for each unit of lead The whole mass is broken bro-ken down together and trammed to tho I surface whore i Is roughly sorted with a shovel and everything under 10 percent per-cent lead is thrown over on the dump I as the average has to be kept up to 30 per cent to justify the wagon haul to I the smelter nine miles distant These ore chutes arc very erratic In I their action but are persistently continuous con-tinuous in depth and the mine foreman fore-man Mr Terry has been very successful success-ful in keeping track of them In their downward course This mine is developed by short crosscut cross-cut tunnels driven through the shaley I I hangingwall country to the blue lime zone The ore bodies rather favor the contact of the two formations but are by i no means confined to It and are liable to st lee away from It in 0 Very i Irregular manner I l The lowest level Is only 400 feet ser 1 i tlcally below the cropplngs and the zone can be tapped 100 foot still deeper before reaching the creek level Tho Red Bird is i already credited with n producton of 700000 I has a reserve of 300000 worth of ore still remaining remaining above the 400foot level and between the 400 and the new SOOfoot level now contemplated it Is safe to figure that the principal ore chutes will contain a still further reserve of fully 1000000 of leadsilver worth lendslvcr ore I HOT SPRINGS The origin of these ore bodies and their continuity to great depths Is J practically demonstrated at Sullivans I Hot Springs the Salmon River canyon > I can-yon fIve miles south of the Red Bird and fully 1000 feet lower In altitude < I These springs Issue directly lom1 well defined pipe of the same carbonate1 and limonite iron ore carrying lead and silver values as that found In the Red Bird mine The contact Is well defined the entire distance between efned entre these two points by a succession of iron cropping and patches of redstained earth The water from these springs has a temperature of 110 degrees and Is depositing de-positing a tufaclous sediment compos doC d-oC all tho principal veinforming mm n al found princpal II mines of this vicinity vicin-ity Including Iron lime silica sulphur lme I salt and alum together with lead and demon presentday silver giving a siver Clvln a stration of the origin of vein minerals like the Steamboat Springs In Nevada I so often referred to by scientists MINERALIZED WOODS i MINEfALIZED Besides being one of the best developed devel-oped lead mines in the country tho Livingston group of mines on Bail road ridge south of Clayton produces some Very interesting specimens of mineralized wood that suggests Silver Reef Utah This mineral Is found near the croppings of the vein and Is another argument of the ascension theory of mineral solutions The writer exhibited u piece of this mineral at tho Boise State fair last fall which plainly showed the knotted fal flberous structure of a fir tree root and assayed 40 per cent lead 70 ounces silver and G gold There are two veins on the Living 1herc ston property they are fissures In 1 black carbonaclous slate formation and are usually accompanied with I small dykes of pyrltlfcrous porphyry I One of these veins which they call their small rich vein Is six inches to I three feet wide I is filled with hard I gray carbonate mineral and carries average values of CO per cent lead SO I ounces silver and 15 gold This vein has about 900 feet of adit tunnel development I de-velopment Their big lowgrade vein has about 400 feet of development it Is three to eight feet between walls and shows handsome tonnage of ore This vein Is traceable for a long distance dis-tance and is filled with a soft sandy carbonate of load and massive kidneys or coarse galena worth 00 to 60 percent per-cent lead 30 ounces silver 2 gold and about 4 per cent zinc Admirable shipping ship-ping material for railroad transportation transporta-tion but practically valueless in Its present Isolation THE ELLA MINE Right in the town of Clayton the old Ella vein promises to come to the front Ela In a very substantial way In the near j I future This property Is owned by the Clayton Mining and Smelter company I consists of a group of claims that cover the course of a continuous outcrop out-crop two to ten feet wide of brown Iron ore in a lime and quartzltc contact con-tact for a distance of 9000 feet The general average of these cropplngs I carry about GO per cent Iron and 5 to 15 ounces of silver There have been several bodies of fine lead ore found along this vein One of them on the old Ella claim was followed down to water level In the early eighties and produced pro-duced 2000 tons of ore that was well sprinkled with gray copper and averaged aver-aged 200 ounces of silver and 60 percent per-cent lead Manager Greene has had 1 small force at work for over a year now running a deep drain tunnel on this vein The face of this tunnel is already al-ready in 900 feet and considerably below be-low the level of the creek All the material taken out Is concentrating stuff worth about 5 per cent lead 15 ounces silver and as the face approaches ap-proaches the old workings It Is making I streaky bunches of gray copper ore that runs high in silver Small lots I have been sorted out that gave average values of 300 ounces silver 5 per cent copper and 20 per cent lead and It Is more than likely that these manifestations I manifesta-tions will lead to a clean body of this highgrade mineral when the old works are undercut BEST DEVELOPED MINE Of course the famous old Ramshorn at Bayhorse owned by Hon O J Salisbury Salis-bury and others of Salt Lake still remains re-mains without a peer among the straight silver mines of Idaho This great property consists of a group of seven claims located contiguously and covering the apex of the vein for a distance dis-tance of 10000 eet I carries a well defined true fissure vein that courses square Into the pre clpltious side of Bayhorse Creek canyon can-yon The strike of the vein Is north and south and it clips west at an angle or 50 degrees Ina formation of metamorphic meta-morphic slate of igneous origin The walls are cleancut with welldefined clay gangue The vein filling is usually gangue i clean Siderite spathic iron sprinkled i I with chloride of silver and gray copper The writer exhibited a piece of solid gray copper from this mine at the Boise fair last fall that was nearly afoot a-foot l square and gave an average value of 1200 ounces silver and 20 per cent copper The vein varies In width from one foot to six feet wide and the average aver-age ore runs from 100 to o ounces silver and 40 per cent Iron The development of the Ramshorn mino consists of twelve adit tunnels driven In on the vein at regular intervals inter-vals as It courses down the side of the canyon These tunnels with their underground under-ground connections aggregate fully ariOOO feet in length The longest one Is on the Post Boy claim I Is 3000 feet In length and has gained a face depth of 2000 feet with a handsome body of ore Ktlll in the breast This tunnel is still 500 feet vertically above the level of the creek I TJie upper levels of the Ramshorn vein have produced silver bullion to the value of 2500000 The lower levels of the liamshorn vein now have a sufficient suf-ficient tonnage of measurable ore insight in-sight to produce a gross value equal to 3000000 ounces of silver In the ore chutes crosscuts and surface ore bins at the mine there Is now piled up 3000 tons of loose ore ready for shipment that will average ISO ounces silver per ton and on the old smelter chimp 2000 tons of matte and speisa that will average aver-age 200 ounces silver and 30 per cent copper The mine has been practically Idle since the crash in silver A crew of four to six mon has been kept on all the time however and a few cars of lmc ICOOounce ole shipped to the railroad each year Mr Salisbury visited the properly last l fall and Increased the working force to fifteen men who arc now busily employed retlmberlng and cleaning up the main tunnels and It Is to be hoped getting the property in shaDe for more active production With railroad transportation and substantial Increase In copper values in depth together with the great advances In modern smelting nuithocls the Ramahprn could be worked at fully as much profit now as when silver was at a dollar an ounce and the prices of fuel supplies and wagon freight were so high When the Ramnhorn was running Bayhorse was n thriving prosperous camp of 1000 people Since it closed down the camp ha been almost deserted desert-ed But with changing conditions and Its numerous mines and enormous ore reserves I is safe to predict that it will igain become u booming camp and that the heyday of Its prosperity will be n condition of the near future THE SKYLARK MINE Adjoining the Ramshorn to the weston west-on a parallel fissure carrying exactly the same class of mineral and about the same values Is situated the old Skylark mine This Is one of the old standby mines of the State I Is owned by the Clayton Mining and Smelting company and has been worked continuously for over twenty years and shipped 500 tons of i ore to the companys smelter at Clayton the past summer This property IB I also worked by a succession of adit tunnels driven on the vein I has nearly 20000 feet of open development and has produced to date 2700000 worth of silvercopper bullion The mine still has extensive reserves oil ore In sight and In addition to this Its lowest level Is vet 1000 foot vertically i vertical-ly abc the great ore bodies exposed Ii tJ Tluinshorn mine which prauii j I t t J I y > f it < > > M l I t r it J tft I e6jj 1 4 T gIfj II itt J btltIkJF1r14r T e f rs4 Y j 1 IZ t12LJ T d S c k z11l4e i ilL 5 1 4 l k h1 c t j 1 Back View of Cement Dnm Swan Falls cally guarantees It an Indefinite career of profitable production BAYIIORSE LEAD BELT In the blue and gray limestone belt which crosses Bavhorse canyon three miles below the Ramshorn mine there are a number of leadsilver mines o exceptional merit t that offer some excellent ex-cellent advantages for the Investment of capital In this vicinity the Excelsior mine In which Hon J D Wood of Salt Lake is one of the principal owners has been a famous producer This property carries car-ries D nearlY vertical fissure that cuts through the gray and blue lime and makes Into bonanza chambers of high grade sand carbonate ore rich In silver sil-ver One of these chambers produced 500000 units of lead and 500000 uunces of silver The development of this property was discontinued when silver dropped I Is atlll a comparatively shallow mine and offers great inducement Induce-ment for further exploration Adjoining the Excelsior the Beards ly mine on the same fissure has been equally productive of highgrade lead silver ore The principal chute on the Beardsly was followed down 500 feet when the rich values spangled out Into a mammoth mam-moth body of lowgrade concentrating material fifty feet wide and 300 feet long worth about 4 per cent lead l and about 3 ounces silver of no commercial commer-cial value under present conditions But If this mass of material was chased down Into a more confined space its former high values would doubtless be again resumed The only lead mines that have produced pro-duced any ore in this district for nv eral years past are the Pacific Democrat I Demo-crat and Forest Rose mines and they I have only been worked In a ery small way sorting out the richest ore that would stand the cost of shipping to the railroad THE PACIFIC MINE This property is owned by Mr James McGregor of Salt Lake I consists of a large group of claims carrying several sev-eral oildefined ore courses in a brec ciated blocky crystallne lime The principal vein is rather fiat I is live to ten feet wide and filled with n sandy calcerlous gangue and boulders and streaks of highgrade galena This property is worked by a small company of Italian lessees who have been very successful They shipped during the past summer ISO Ions of firstclass ore that sampled at the rate of CO per cent lead and 90 ounces silver This mine has five or six hundred feet of tunnel and promises to make into a bonanza when it is systematically developed de-veloped There are several thousand tons of secondclass ore on the dump awaiting thc advent of a smelter or concentrator This secondclahs ore runs 20 per cent lead and 30 ounces F silver THE DEMOCRAT AND FOREST ROSE VEIN These two mines are owned by local parties and are on the same vein a nearly vertical fissure three to eight feet wide with cleancut welldefined walls of slllcous lime The vein filling is a sandy carbonate of lead sprinkled with a little copper and chloride of silver These mines are worked In the same small way as the Pacific sorting out the richest ore of which they shipped 100 tons the past summer that sampled 50 ner cent lead and 70 ounces silver The vein Is situated on the face of avery a-very steep mountain and could be tapped by short adit tunnels to a depth of 2000 feet an exceptional advantage that would greatly facilitate its development devel-opment and rapidly undercut an enormous enor-mous reserve of ore If thc values continued con-tinued in depth and there is every indication in-dication that they will for stringers of rich ore can be found crossing the course of the vein all he I way down the I face of the mountain to the creek level BAYIIORSE FORMATIONS LIKE TINTIC UTAH Space permits me lo give only a very brief outline of a very few of the numerous nu-merous lead mines at Bayhorse The Buyhorse Hmc bet extending along the front of the Salmon river range for thirty milea Is strewed with rich float ore contains dozens of fine mines and I prospects and cmbrlo bonanzas and offers exceptional advantages for the prospector and capitalist alike The lead ores are nearly all associated asso-ciated with some copper gold and highgrade sllvar values and the other formations and physical conditions accompanying the lime are especially favorable for the accumulation of big ore bodies In fact there are a number num-ber of cuts inthe recently published monograph of tile geology of Tintic district dis-trict Utah showing the manner of vein formation and geological structure struc-ture that could bo absolutely duplicated cated along tlie Bayhorso lime bell In I j c the district Utah mining man would feel very inucih at home and if there is anything in comparative geology ho could work these mines with the utmost confidence oC developing a string of as rich and productive bonanzas as Utahs most famous camps now boast of Most of Xhc other leadsilver districts In Cusler county have been almost JlOVO abandoned since silver dropped so low But if the county should be so fortunate fortu-nate aa to geta railroad connection In the near future and lead prices are I I I maintained any one of them possesses I the necessary orevresourccs on which may be built a number of large and I profitable mining enterprises that I would rapidly be surrounded by popu I t lous communities I This Is I especially true of the Sea I J I Foam She n Mountain and Est Fork districts where enormous bodies of I I good grade concentrating leadsliver i i ores occur that will average up In I qualltywlth the greatlead 1 mines of the I Coeur iV AI one J Theso crimps are surrounded with I I l every natural fttvuitnge of wood I water poWar and other aids to rnnhl and economical development and k promise to cut a very Important figure In the lead and silver production of the future CUSTER COUNTY COPPER RESOURCES RE-SOURCES Althougii the fact has seldom been advertised Custer county can boast of some of the most remarkable copper deposits In the United States and there is a movement on foot now for the development of one of thesc properties prop-erties that Is liable to result In Its becoming be-coming a very Important factor In the copper market The White Knob copper mine near Houston on Big Lost river Is a phenomena phe-nomena and It Is no exaggeration to say that It has a million tons of I percent per-cent copper ore now In sight worth in addition to the copper values about 3 per ton in gold and silver This property is owned by the John W Mackey syndicate of New York and Boston and It is reported that the mines are to have railroad connection next year and commence the production produc-tion of pig copper on a large scale The White Knob ore deposit compares com-pares closely with the big Arizona copper cop-per mines in its geological relations It consists of mammoth bodies of high grade hematite Iron ore in a contact between be-tween an enormous uplift of granitic igneous rock and overlying beds of very pure blue limestone and sandy calcerl ous sediments The mine workings arc situated on a fiat bench of a short ridge putting down from While Knob mountain whose bald pyramid peak towers up in solemn grandeur to the southwest at 11000 feet above an elevation exceeding 1000 sea level The mine is at an elevation of 8000 feet and the broad valley of Big Lost river spreads out to the northeast at an elevation about 3000 feet vertically below the works I would appeal that the mineral I solution had come up through the iron contact and overflowed the hanging wall country saturating the surface i sediment to the extent of from 3 to 6 per cent copper together with 2 or 3 In gold and silver The development consists of numerous numer-ous shallow shafts and drifts In this surface < eosl t scattered promiscuously promiscuous-ly I over a surface area of about forty acres that prove this enormous mass of material to hae a depth or thickness thick-ness of from 50 to 200 feet The properly Is equipped with a fifty ton smelter which In the hands of one of the most capable copper metalur gists in America Mr John I L Evens J has made repeated runs on this low grade ore And It I has been demonstrated demon-strated to the entire satisfaction of the I stockholders that It Is only a question of coke fuel delivered on the ground at railroad rates when all 1 this lowgrade ore can be treated at a very handsome profit rhe ore an far as development has I gone Is confined totwo varieties oxide and carbonate of copper and every fluxing clement required to go with it Is to be had right on the ground in unlimited un-limited quantity and the purest qual Its and when the transportation question ques-tion is settled which is promised very nnn thl < tnn < rn t Irl swath in the Vi production 1 oC pig U copper j VlI In addition to the surface ore development devel-opment this company have sunk a vertical ver-tical shaf 700feet deep for the permanent per-manent exploration of the mine In depth This shaft was started near the t contact where ore of much higher value was encountered At 200 feet deep however the shaft passed through the ore which pitched off fiat toward tile valley The shaft was continued down vertically In the footwall porphyry to Us present depth and crosscutting is now in progress And when the contact con-tact with the lime Is again cut and drifted on at this depth some big bodies of highgrade sulphide copper ores may be confidentially expected This company have acquired a very large tract of territory there Stock is held by some of the heaviest capitalists In the East and they have every facility facili-ty for establishing one of the largest and most profitable copper mining and smelting enterprises In the West COPPER BASIN MINES The White Knob copper belt can be traced across the hills in a southwesterly southwes-terly direction by u succession of fine prospects to the Copper Basin group of mines which is owned by local parties This property comprises a large group of claims covering an area of low hills composed of the same contact con-tact formations as at White Knob mines The vein or zone at this group is 400 feet wide sprinkled with carbonate carbon-ate and oxide ores throughout Its entire en-tire width The best ore occurs in shoots from five to thirty feet wide carrying average values of from 5 to 10 pi com copper and several dollars In cold and silver A small test smelter was built on this property last spring and a carload of pig copper run out but owing to a disagreement dis-agreement between the owners and in eliding purchasers about a time nay mcnt the operation was discontinued and the mine js now idle The development on this property Is yet comparatively shallow It is a Property of exceptional merit that might be tested to excellent advantage by diamond drilling And great things may be expected of Its development In depth CONCLUDING REMARKS Central Idaho offers one of the lang est and richest fields for railroad de velopment that remains unoccupied In the United States today Thin Is especially espe-cially true of the Upper Salmon river country which contains the table t-able evidences of one of the most pro fitable and productive mineral empires in the world The Salmon River range alone coursing through Cunter and Hem lit counties offers examples of comparison Lt0 size and variety of ore deposits and the geological and physical conditions I condi-tions surrounding them for nearly all the famous mining camps of the West This grand old range has already yielded to the efforts of the pioneer miners mi-ners under the most adverse uncl Iso I 1 lated conditions gold silver lead and copper bullion to the value of 50000000 and yet Ha surface has merely been scratched It is one of the best watered and timbered tim-bered regions in the State and given proper railroad facilities It can develop a resource of mineral traffic that will astonish the railroad and mining worlds ROBERT BELL Challis Ida December 16 1300 CONSOLIDATED MINES The Consolidated Mines Is an Idaho corporation with its principal ofllcc at Boise The management of this company foreseeing the possibilities of the mineral min-eral resources of Idaho started its prospectors into some of the most promising mining camps with gratifying gratify-ing results Up to date they have secured se-cured fifteen copper properties in time Seven Devils district two of which the Empire and < f7per lode mines adJoining ad-Joining the famous Peacock property arc being developed A vertical depth of over 200 feet has been attained on the vein exposing from two to six feet ofcopper ore running from 10 to G5 per cent and 450 gold and silver per ton Considerable development In In progress on some of the other prop CI tics viz the Hidden Treasure Jus carora Middleman Little Alice and Easter These claims are all situated between the town of Cuprum and the Ironclykc mine on the Snake river Among its other holdings ir an Interest In ten gold properties In the Boise basin ba-sin district These an nor extensively developed but sufficient so to demonstrate demon-strate that they are valuable Besides these popertles the company com-pany has secured a bond und lease on the Hidden Treasuo mine four and onohalf miles northwest ircm Idaho City on which an incline shnit Is bo lag sunc The dpth attained Is fifty feet ixposing frjm two to three feet of ore that averages Slvi free gold pel ton Tho Intention la to continue the Incline shaft at least 150 feet farther during the winter am run drifts each way on ihe vein every fifty feet ami by spring have sufficient ore in sight to warrant placing a mil on the property prop-erty The company also owns the Trlplett mine ueing the west extension of the ironsides mine and a one Liird interest inter-est In four other properties in the Hornet Hor-net tMrlet a Jhra2quarter Interest In two caJms in Da 1gv creek district nrrt a onesixteenth interest in the Em pice rrne In Neal district All of these prOnMties are in Idaho Tho company owns in Gregrii a ono half Mitoiest in six copoer projcrtlcs on Steins mountain Development has be in progress on one of these claims the Black Maria lor DVIV a ar which has exted a large body of h5ghgrad j copper ore The vein ir crosscut for a distance of eighty ifret and carrioq val ws of fiom 5 to 03 per cent copper and froii 52 tc 10 in goi and silver per ton The company owns J500 feet on this vein wmcn outcrops tile entire ilrrmce and In plaes slants twenty to thirty feet above the surface While the veins on the other properties are not so large ran inc as they do from four to ten feet in width and carrying from 10 to 30 per cent copper still they are considered good properties Also a onefourth Interest in fourteen four-teen gold properties In Sumpter district dis-trict Oregon Very little development has been done on these properties but they are in close proximity to such mines as the Golconda Columbia North Pole and other producing mines IDAHO COUNTY Idaho county in the northern central cen-tral part of Idaho possesses a wealth of undeveloped resources not lo be surpassed sur-passed by any section Its principal industries In-dustries are mining stockraising and farming The Northern Pacific railroad rail-road by Us last pretension has reached the town of Stltes on the Clearwater o river from which point passengers are transferred by stage a distance of seventeen sev-enteen miles to Grangcville a thriving little city of 2000 people and the distributing distri-buting point for the surrounding country coun-try Grangeville lies at the south end of Camas prairie a beautiful plateau about twenty miles square with an altitude of about 3200 feet and one ol the most productive regions to be found Irrigation is unnecessary The average yield of wheat is thirty bushels bush-els lo tho acre while timothy yields two tons and upward The Salmon river skirts this prairie on the west and the Clearwater on the cast These rIver valleys arc fast coming into prominence promi-nence for their production of fruit while the breaks adjacent thereto furnish fur-nish range for vast bands of cattle sheep and horses The mining Industries of this county are now attracting the attention oC capital The new camp on the Clearwater Clear-water river six miles cast of Grange yule Is showing up nicely The first locations In this camp were made but little over a year ago The Dewey mine has this season hauled to th railroad rail-road and shipped several carloads of ore averaging 230 to the ton Among other promising claims in this camp p maybe mentioned the Evergreen on which about 300 feet of tunnel has been run The future of Buffalo Hump in this county as a mining camp Is assured The tenstamp mill on the famous Big Buffalo group Is running night and day on the valuable ore taken from their 200foot shaft Much development work has also boen done on the Vesuvius Vesu-vius the Concord group and various other properties This camp Is famous for Us surface Bhowlnga of gold and It may be said that with every foot of development work done Us future haa brightened Among the other camps In the county are the stroiur ledges of Elk City Dixie und Thunder Mountain the highgrade blanked ledges of Newsome and the smaller but Immensely rich ledges ol Florence and Warrens bid fair to make this s ton famous among the mininG regions of the world In the production of gold The ore found in these camps is usually freciu ill I ng and concentrating I concentrat-ing and with the extension of the Northern Pacific railroad to furnish transportation and with Us untold 1 ngrlcultural wealth lying right at the I threshold of the mines the future progress pro-gress and development of Idaho county Is assured nssuredOWHE OTVYHEE COUNTY i Thc mlnea of the Trade Dollar Consolidated Con-solidated IjHnlng company of Pittsburg Pav are located on Florida mountain near Silver City Ida Mining haw been II carried on Jn this vicinity for so many years that the mountains are almost entirely stripped of their timber The I iearcst railroad point is thirty miles i distant nnd 3000 feet lower than the Ines The lowest cost of tho fuel re I quircd loproduce steam in this local itymay be placed at from 5170to 270 per horsepower per year From this Jt will be seen that the cost of fuel Is 0 very serious item In the total cost of operating the mines and mils of Owyhco county I Thc Trade Dollar Consolidated Mining I Mi-ning company has for several yearn past been Investigating nil the possible I 7 ources of power within a reasonable radius of the mine and finally settled I ipon the Snake river at Swan Falls ns the most available one I The Swan falls aro Ihity miles i northeast of Silver City They arc In reality merely rapids the river hav 4 jng at this point a fall of four feet In 200 at the lowwater stage and about I t I hal as much at highwater The feature Lt fea-ture which determined the selection oi Swan Falls ns the site of the power plant was not the rapids but the lava dke which cautxed them I1e < At one time the river was rammed 1 at this poInt b 1 great reef of lava through which It has cut two chan jicls separated by an Island of solid Java The two channels are of the same width 12Ti feet eachand I the Rolld rock is found at a moderate I 60ld depth In both The general plan of development decided I de-cided upon was a follows In the left channel an overfiow dam was located near the head of tho rapids with its crest at such an elevation ele-vation that the head or difference of elevation between the lake above tho dam and the back water below was eighteen feet This dam Is 1 a rock I I filled crib with heavy apron bolted to I the bedrock Some Idea of the magnitude mag-nitude of tho dam may be formed from the facts that its construction required GOOOOO feet of lumber twentyfive tons of Iron and 600 cubic yards of anl masonry The powerhouse is ocated in the middle of the right channel and Die river on the one side and to tho right bank of the river on the other by 0 wall of concrete masonry whose top is above the reach of the highest flood passing over the crest of the dam in the left channel The powerhouse power-house is also of concrete construction from the bedrock in the bottom of the river to Its roof eighty feet above he lower part of the powerhouse carries the water wheels each oC I which is set in an open hay or slall the upstream side of which is sepa ralcd from the river only by a steel screen 1at or trash rack The floor of J this wheel bay Is a concrete arch l spanning the tall race There are i four wheel bays each containing a seventytwo Inch McCormick Tlurblno 1 I of 750 horsepower These turbines are 3 believed to be the largest ever built for such a high head I The hlgh alone weighs 11000 fourteen horses t pounds and required Y i to pull it over a level road The vertical t verti-cal thrust sustained by the Btep or lower bearing of the runner is estimated 1 esti-mated at 40000 pounds 4 The vertical shafts of these four tur i vertcal shafs d 1 1Ines extend up into the secand story of the powerhouse where they arc bevel geared to a horizontal shaft in 49 such a manner that they are capable t of driving the shan all together by j r twos and threes or single A r 1NiiAJ r n MAY BU Q i b The present Installation Is only to 111 l provide for the probable needs of th6 hl Immediate future and the power Is capable of great expansion without considerable additional Invest any considerable additonal ment Tho lowwater flow of the tt l ment fow te river is about 7500 cubic feet per second h sec-ond which would give nearly 12000 whih r and horsepower on the wheel shaft r at ordhiary stages of the river this 3 would be Increased at least one half ct I Tho floor of the second story of the m powerhouse foor Is seven feet above the sa crest of the concrete dam closing the CJest right channel and nineteen feet above Jt on the overflow crest of the left channel dam > a The floor Is of steel beams and J concrete arch construction the walls Ici arc of concrete blocks and the roof of slate carried by steeL trusses ra The dimensions are fortynine feet aI I by 134 with walls seventeen feet high 1t to the line of the eaves pr The generators are twophase COO on volt with 7200 alternations per minute tIre I There are three generators of the present nil pres-ent installation each of 300 kilowatts hilt or 400 horsepower each and two a 20horsepowcr exciters r The current is raised by the transformers iIg trans-formers eurrent to 2000 voLts at which It Is 1ormers h1 taken by the line 1 The transmission line Is three phase OJr of No 4 bare copper wire with glass d15 i Insulators of the Mershaw type The le1 poles arc from thirty to forty feet bJI long and besides the three transmission 5UCh transmis-sion wires carries two telephone wires 3 I The line passes over an almost barren ire I bar-ren nnd mountainous country ascendIng ascend-ing 4000 feet Jn n distance of twenty live miles Great care was used In the location so that In spite of the rough nature of the country traversed there cfh H are only nine changes of direction In 151tb twentyseven miles of distance The Pf jr line Is twentyseven miles in length 13 i ll I from the powerhouse to Dewey which 354 r Is the distributing point for the mines raIl nnd mills In the vicinity of Silver City nlls clj i I From Dewey one line runs to tho caet A BlaIne mill a distance of three miles listance mil r ara and another to the Black Jack a dis 1 J a tanco of one mile TI1 mill 250 horsepower t JL At the Dewey l d 5tf will be used and at the Blaine 100 COtS horsepower At the Black Jack 1150 half at horsepower will be used one hal end o > 10rseloWC the other for running an ii mi Jack tun Ia1e2 OTr5compressor Jn the Black 113hle a fl ncl half a mile underground j of work on the conslructlon one it Active contructon o Actvo 01 commenced In to V II the power plant was c mmcneel 1 June of this year by the construction nf i tvnnmi rrmfi from thC nearest LJ OL a wagon VL > 14 point Morn station on the Oregon I staton Sal Short Line railway to the Swan 019I at of road involved about a mile eet o This mie 0 rl 31 Ijulldlng down the side of the Snake JC ttt r 1uldlnJ with a fall of 700 feet River canyon 101 pro wih pro11 I in the mile Long stretches of his M Uf road mie fal Long fifteen focP per le I and short stretch has a caUfc hundred ond one 8hOt hundred It has fail of twentyfive per I ha ceu5 t f proved to be a perfectly satisfactory 1101 cun road and but u single accident has e f In handling about 5000000 C occurred hnndlnS fOOOO et founds of freight over It Some of tho r t pieces hauled over It have be single 1ulell Jbt weighed over seven tons ade J welhed accn construction All the supplies and constrcton D e1 i lupple8 T 11 material for tho work has been hauled t iosils tbei l tl a distance of sixteen miled by wagon IOnd and at one time over 200 horses engaged Jr0t gaged in this hauling Is l el 0 SaJcd construction was not let by contract r l con-tract but was done by days work bs Vt under the supervision of the company unler expected that the plant will bti It is that wl jl gU completed about the end of the present a j year 1900 < us d Wlllnrd White Is the superintendent rr1 j i of constructIon A J Wiley is the chlel oiS engineer Thomas T Johnston of Chicago coJt Chi-cago the consulting engineer and L T hc Stllwcll the consulting electrical engineer van0 SM Stiwel JrO gineer 1 q 0or1 I iir The hydraulic machinery employed co g manufactured by the h S Morgan was IJot i Iwluncmec York Perm th Ppnn y Smith company YOlt tC tlue 11 electrical machinery by the Westing hecD i jl 31 Ir house company of PHtsburg and the latter l was lnslnllcd by the Mountain I Electric company of Denver POCATELLO Pocatello tho county seat at Bannock Ban-nock county In southeastern Idaho is just now attracting more attention hun any Other small city in tho West rhe population is but bIG but this hits been attained under condltons that are in toecth r unique for nowhere in I the history of the country has a community com-munity developed into being thrived and expanded to Us arbitrary confines contnes on its Internal resources limited in area to three square inilea and grown to a municipality of 4000 souls In the heart of an Indian reservation Yet Aocatello has done this and though thirteen years have passed since first n thought wan entertained to found 1 city here it Is but now that the barrier bar-rier ofIndlan title is to be removed and a city is to grow that will take trl bule from all the vast valley of the Snake river I was in 1SS7 that the tot t-ot the Union Pacific abandoned Its locomotive lo-comotive and car shops at Eagle Rock now Idaho Falls fifty miles north on the line to Montana and at Shoshone los miles west on the line to Portland and consolidated the two Inlo one largo plant at PoeanIIo The change was made In the Interest of economy for the combined plant could enc both lines of road with ono set of officers ofcerH and one steam battery A map of the Oregon Short Line resembles large X with the extremities touching Frisco Utah Butte Mont Granger Wyo and Huntington Or and Pocalcllo Is I at the intersection of the two lines Hence the wisdom of locating the main shops of the system at Pocatello However How-ever there were a few years of discomforts dis-comforts for the shop employees and their families With the exception of forty acres owned by the railroad and owne tw ralroul occupied by its shops offices and yards ill the surrounding lands belonged to the Indians and there was a natural reluctance about building homes where no title could be had to the real estate tte The result was a community of squatters squat-ters wth tents and rude shacks as their domiciles Two years later Pocatello ivas incorporated as a village with the late Henry Bocraft as chairman of the board of trustees Four years after the consolidation of the shops 0 town site was granted by treaty with the Indians and on July 2 1831 the sale of lots began and continued until all in the townsite limits wero sold the proceeds pro-ceeds going to the Indians One of the 3thics of the sale was that no one should bid against the squatter on the occupied lot and it is related that there was but one lolation of this unwritten law A Montana speculator landed the lot on which a widow had tier lipmo and Immediately doubled her bid Angry yells made him pause and Jurlng the pause such eloquent panegyrics pan-egyrics were poured Into his car on the superiority of the climate of Montana over Idaho for his class that he was easily Induced to lake the first train north 3 ACTIVITY An era of Internal Improvement followed fol-lowed the sale of the lots The surveys sur-veys hal laid the streets at right angles an-gles and men began at once to build substantial residences and to plant trees The soil proved extremely fertile I fer-tile with the Introduction of water I ruid Pocatello was shortly another telo wa short anl Des 1 cjreen spot in the Great American I Sreen In 1893 tho town was erected I into 0 municipality and Edward Stein its first Mayor became is lrsl llayor I But though the first barriers to Its progress had been removed with the cession of the townsite the community W3 too aggressive and too American In Its character to endure the arbitrary bounds that placed a limit on Us growth The people had witnessed the capabilities of the soil in the transformation trans-formation wrought by the Introduction of t water around their own homes Where the sagebrush and cactus hade had-e the sole occupants of the soil they witnessed their own fresh green lawns their gardens and shade trees and they know that the surrounding land was capable of the same transformation and that there was abundance of water I lo accomplish the same rcsulU But the Indians owned the land though did not use II They recognized the won ilerful possibilities of tho rolling hills as a grazing region but they were reserved for the worthless Indian pon rcservel ies and Jf a dairymans cows were found nibbling the same grass they were driven to the agency by the Indian In-dian police Chic last straw to add to their unrest was the great showing of mineral in the mountains Largo well for d veins traceable defined copper delned miles gold in quartz and placer and les carbonates Rcalllng that their city possessed all the natural advantages advan-tages to make ni a largo commercial center and that It was surrounded by 1 mineral wealth they chafed at the re minerl wealh slrlclons imposed by Indian tItle and J frantic and equally fruitless appeals were made to Washington to have the lands surrounding Pocatello returned re-turned to the public domain The history his-tory of the attempted legislation to cannot be reviewed bring about this end c 1not viewed here A treaty was finally concluded con-cluded with the Bannock and Shoshone Indians on February 5 1SOS and Hon George L Shoup then being United States Senator from Idaho he bent every energy to secure its ralificalion Interest of the redman But though QVEJy rel man had been conserved and he was Just as anxious for the trade as his white brethren Congress objected and it was not until June C 1000 or two and onehall years later that Senator Shoups measure passed I was signed by President McKinley on the same day and the pen with which the Chief ISxecutivo alllxcd his signature has Hlnce been presented to the city of Pocatello Po-catello The terms of the treaty provided pro-vided for tho cession of 118000 acies vied southern part of the reservation reserva-tion the consideration being 5GOOOOO Of this 100000 was to bo pall ninety days after the ratification of the treaty 7o000 oS was to be expended In the erection erec-tion of n school plant on the reduced reservation and the remainder was lc in nine annual installments to be paid InstalmentH was due As stated the first payment ratlllcalion of after the ninety days latlcaton the lays nCer the 6th day of September Sep-tember 1900 the Government faithfully faith-fully carried out the provision The uum of 100000 was paid out to tire 5l387 Indians on the reservation every receiving buck squaw and papoose share and share alike GROWTH AND PROSPERITY Meanwhile Pocatello Sew and flourished flour-ished In Itself while the Nations lawmakers law-makers were dickering on the terms under which the barriers to Its progress should bo removed I had attained Its present population the fact that it was u 1 1 hnhn otnr OL luano nau neun rucutj the gateway I rDtCVU Jt UI had JUUIV kept up the work of I municipal Improvement The city Is supplied with the purest mountain suppled and Is lighted by electricity on the Port I peneratcd by water power neuf river which flows through the town It has wellgraded streets lined with shade trees I is an urban city desert Its Inhabitants havo In tho Is InhlblantH broad line dwellings surrounded by welltrimmed lawns There are churches of all denominations with edifices that would be creditable In much larger cities There Is a broad Jueh public school system classes all grades gauge being taught In two modern Jradcs school buildings and In two atone buidings leased buildings Prof W R Skiers Is I Superintendent and the following representative rep-resentative citizens comprise tho Board I of citzens Anthes chairman National bank Dr O B I cashier First Nntonal I Steele clerk members Judge P S ppltrlch counsel for the Oregon Short Line railroad Lyman Fargo A B Bean rairoad M Uopson the last threw anl The cjty ha being leading nnrchant fhl cl national hank two newspapers a one public telephone system and connection I publc Portland BilLIe and Salt I Lion Portan I Lake a handsome new Auditorium with seating n capacity of 900 of which Reltn Hanntiford Is l le Kce and I Col anc 1 manager and which will be opened to p1rHsel Stir and 4 the public on or aboutJanuary L < c there are firstclass hotel The railroad l rail-road shops employ ISO men with a monthly payroll of about 10000 So I great is the traffic through here however I how-ever that there is a host of englnemen I trainmen brldgemcn trackmen and i other employees bringing the total monthly payroll disbursed from this point up to 185000 Large new shops are projected which will increase the number of shop employees and other extensive improvements on the railroads rail-roads property will be undertaken immediately wi I mediately all of which hints of a fostering fos-tering care for Pocatello on the part of the railroad managtjmenL Poculcllo I station docs the second largest business I busi-ness on the Oregon Short Line being second only to Salt Lake City The town has a branch of the railroad I M C A of whIch Mr A K Hicks is secretary and under whose able management man-agement It has grown until it has a membership of nearly GOO There Is a library of 751 volumes a spacious read ingroom in which arc kept on file u total I to-tal of sixtyfive current publications Including eight dally newspapers The I rooms are furnIshed with a piano and numerous games are continually In I progress during the leisure hours of the shopmen or between the runs of thjj engine and trainmen Tub and I shower baths complete the equipment This branch of the railroad Y M C A I Is under the patrolman of tin Oregon I Short Line and Is fostered by Messrs Bancroft Calvin and His Moreover assurances have been given thai the railroad will build a new modern home Cor the Y M C A at Pocatello to cost 510000 Miss Helen Gould Is deeply Interested in-terested in the work and has recently 3xpjessed a 400 music box with sixty eight pieces of music lo the association here The fact that Pocatello Is on Miss joulds list is assurance that she will I ue instrumental in furnishing a new building WONDERFUL IMPETUS With the ratification of the Fort Hal treaty on June 6th last a wonderful Impetus has been given to the town fmprovlng business structures have been erected new lines of business have been opened Jobbing houses have been established to reach out for the trade of southeastern Idaho and west jrn Wyoming and the value of real slate has doubled trebled and quad upled Perhaps the best evidence of stable growth however Is the number of homes that are being built Hundreds Hun-dreds of the railroad employees own their home and during the past seven months a mater of fitly new modern dwellings have beon erected Not Jnnp by railroad men however Busi ness men professional men and capitalists ¬ capi-talists arc building homes here In keeping keep-ing with their conditions in life For Instance Judge D W Standrod Is Just completing a residence of native stone costing rJOOO Mr N G Franklins new house cost between 7000 and 8000 Dr W W Paling has Just completed a brick cottage costing 3000 and numerous nu-merous other similar Instances showing show-Ing the solid and permanent character of construction could be cited Chief among the new business blocks erected are Mrs A L Cooks the Portneuf block built by Mr J S Hickey of Ana block Business conda and the Scavers I men are prosperous here all lines being completely represented The postollice at the present rate of increase will be advanced to the second class on the 31st of March 1901 and a free delivery system Inaugurated There are eight malls daily two north two south two east and two west The volume of freight traffic through Pocatello Is enormous Extensive stockyards under un-der the management of Mr A W Fisher Fish-er feed the live stock In tianslt to the eastern market Some conception of the volume of the live stock moved through Pocatello may be had from the figures for the eleven months I ending November 30th during which period the yards handled 2C307 horses 20139 cattle 21794 sheep C73 hogs and 546 mules In addition to these Mr Fished handled and sold over 3000 head of ponies for the Indians At the late general election Bannock county voted bonds for the erection of a county I building at Pocalello To supplement the work of the county the city now proposes to raise an equal sum and Join with the county in tho erection of a handsome and commodious Joint city and county building NATURAL GATEWAY The above is a brief review of the nast and a moderate statement of the > present of Pocatello For a correct conception of Its possibilities ono should have recourse to a topographical map of Idaho Such a reference will Immediately show that Pocatello is a natural gateway and that the commerce of central and southeastern Idaho converses con-verses a naturally to this point as the commerce of the Mediterranean must converge at the Pillars of Hercules before be-fore It can enter the broad Atlantic Natural gateways are the openings through otherwise Impassable mountain moun-tain ranges and their importance as commercial passageways is regulated by the commercial possibilities of the region beyond Pocatello Is thus situated situ-ated at the mouth of the only such gateway in southeastern Idaho and through this gateway the products of millions of acres in the vast well watered valley ol the Snake the surplus sur-plus of the cattle and herds of limitless ranges and the mineral output of central cen-tral Idaho must inevitably pass Thus though the opening of the Indian lands surrounding Pocatello Is essential to the citys assuming Its proper place It Is not alone in these lands that Its future fu-ture lies but in serving and receiving commercial tribute from the vast region re-gion beyond it the development of vliieh Is only Just begun RAILROAD VIEWS That these identical views are entertained enter-tained by the president and dIrectors of the Oregon Short Line is I evidenced by the survey of a line o railway that has just been compleled nnd sent to New York for approval This survey begins at Pocatello not Blackfoot as I stated rccenllv In a Salt Lake paper and crosses the Snake river nineteen miles to the northwest At this point I it wlll bo In the center of a cultivated region embracing 92000 acres all lining ing the north hank of the Snake river and all under the Great Western and American Falls canals From there the line is to extend lo Arco on the Lost lne river crossing what Is libelously shown on the Interior department maps as the Snake River desert but which is so far I from being desert that It maintains the I year round 250000 sheep and 80000 head of cattle Thin will be practically 100 miles of new road but the line is projected to ascend to the headwaters of the Lost river In the center oC Cus ter county across the low watershed to the headwaters of the Salmon river and descending this will roach Challls Custer county Salmon City Lcmlii county Pierce Idaho and Nez Perce counties and reach Lewlston This route Is the one that will develop central cen-tral Idaho and brine its vast agricul tural anu mineral output tnrougn ijo catello If at a Inter dale smellers to catelo treat this mineral are projected for Pocatello Po-catello the adjacence of the Kern morer coal fields l will be a powerful factor fac-tor in determining tire mme LANDS TO BE OPEN And now as to the lands to be opened for settlement and the provisions for same After the classification of the lands as mineral agricultural and grazing and the allotments to such In hans as elect to retain their holdings and Improvements on the ceded portion the President shall proclaim tho tract open for entry under the land and I mineral laws A fcq of 10 per acre shall be required for all mineral lands agricultural lands under the line of I the Idaho canal S10 per aero all othor agricultural Inns 2GO per acre grazing graz-ing lands 1J5 nor acre and all lands within five miles of Pocalcllo to bo sold at puVHc auction rue larger proportion pro-portion of the land IK giazlng and mineral 1 min-eral with some timber but u the atTl culturaL one tract containing 24000 I acres Is contiguous lo Pocatello on the I north and Is I under the proJected line I I of the Idaho canal above referred to This land is covered wIth u luxurious growth of tmgcbniHh the very bent I evidence of ferlJUlv und UiQ subjection of the entire tract to a high slate of < i I cultivation is i assured The rolling hills make ideal CATTLE RANGES giving growth to a short fine grass of nutritious quality and the region will ultimately become a considerable live slock center But perhaps the greatest interest centers on the mineral possibilities possi-bilities Gold both in quartz and i la eel exists here but In what quantities cannot even be estimated The Indians In-dians have Jealously protected their right to the lands but not more jealously jeal-ously than the prospectors have covered cov-ered un their finds The seaich for the mote urcclous metals has been conducted con-ducted In the most claiulealine manner man-ner and trio prospector tnmlly spends more lime covering up his Und than was consumed In the dIscovery Ho reasons correctly that If none but himself knows of Us cxtolcncc he Avill be more likely to be the first on the ground when the right to locate it la I accorded Hence the only current evidence evi-dence is a piece of quarts lousy with gold unrolled from an old tooacco saek or a phial of nuggets fished out of the prospectors pocket But of ono condition no secret can be made That I Is the existence of a large copper beLt within from three to seven miles of Pocalello Nature has left It exposed in all its immensity and it can be traced for miles along the west slope of the Bannock mountains Its strike being generally from south to north but occasionally diverted by Immcnso outcrops of porphyry high above the uppcrmosl flow of lava So far as this mineral bell has been Iraccd there Is I always a presence of copper On the surface It shows In a quartz gangue and a feature Is that the sulohldcs prc i dominate at the outcrop The orc Is i found In the chalcopyrlte more or less modified by the presence of Iron pyrites rites in chalcoclte and in bornlle Iho Jailor occurring sometimes In masses Where oxldallon has occurred or Is in process the presence is in malachite and azurite the latter appearing In 1 I crystals of givat beauty In other localities lo-calities on the same belt carbonates ealtes occur frequently There Is no question I but the development of this mineral region will attract the greatest Interest Inter-est after the opening nnd this long lookcdfor event should take place before be-fore themiddle of the present year CLIMATE Pocatello lies at an altitude of 4466 Pccatelo feet and unike the regions immediately immediate-ly east and south which are shut on by the high Bannock range its climate is tempered by the prevailing western winds from the Pacific When the Fort Bridger treaty was concluded In July 1SCS the Indians had their choice of the lands to the west on which they would sellle and they chose the Port neuf vallev and the Fort Hall bottoms because here was abundance of game and grass and a mild equable climate I has been remarked that Idaho Is unique and also unfortunate in that it has no city of any considerable population popu-lation Boise the capital founded anterior an-terior to the Oregon emigration has acquired In sixtyseven years but 1911 more people than Pocatello in thirteen years If Pocalello could do as well in so short a time surrounded a It has been with the Fort Hall reservation It is reasonable to see with those barrIers bar-riers removed Pocatello the gateway of the Northwest occupying the same position to Idaho that Spokane does to Washington Salt Lake City to Utah or Denver to Colorado FORT HAL INDIANS The closing year of the century marks an epoch in the lives of the Bannock and Shoshone Indians on the For Hail Indian reserve In Idaho They have I sold nearly onehalf of the lands of their fathers and one immediate result of this will be a more or less intimate association with a larger number of whites than thqy have ever before been accustomed to Whether they will benefit ben-efit by this association remains to bo proven but it Is generally assumed that they will For the Bannocks and Shoshones Sho-shones particularly the ShoshonCs who constitute twothirds of the total arc very superior Indians nothing like the vagabond Utesbut big in stature rail and ruddy and scupulously clean in their persons They are honest In th ira 1 ir-a and in Pocatello where they rln umlnr > ua tlmv nnn rrvkt rrrr vncn uu uu iiiLTsa uiuy umi get unuii they want It though it is not often that these Indians aro short of money I is not to bo supposed from this that they are lead to dispense with the guiding hand of the Government though another an-other generation will about settle the Indian question so far as thee Indians arc concerned One of the considerations considera-tions for which a portion of the Fort Hal reservation was returned to the public domain was the erection of a 75000 school plant for the training oC the young Indians With this amount of money a considerable institution can be erected and its influence will be mnrked on Its beneficiaries The site for this school has been selected I ia six miles west of Ross Fork station on the Oregon Short Line on an eminence looking down on the wfellwalorcd Snake river bottoms which the Indians still hold and where they cut their hay There Is now an Indian school al Fort Hall seventeen miles cast of Ross Fork where there Is an attendance of 160 children under a corps of able teachers headed by Mr Hosea Locke Mr Levi Levering a fullblood Omaha Indian und a graduate of Carlisle Is ono of the teachers here while Mrs Levering who Is a halfblood Shoshone Is matron Other Interesting halfbloods are Lee Powell and Phi Lavatla both In the employ of the agency and the latter office abolished disciplinarian until the once was ubolshed c18Clpl narian and bandmaster at the school There were J3S7 Indians of all ages on the reservation on September C 1000 at which time Agent A F Caldwoll disbursed dis-bursed the Governments first parent of 100000 for the ceded lands giving D total of over 72 to every buck squaw and on the reserve Some of a ne papoose 01 J aCIvC the men had large families and sums aggregating several hundred dollars went to one family in many iiislanrt3 Nol a few of theRe spent their money in the erection of modern homes on their holdings and furnishing the same and they are earnestly tr ln to live like While people Aside from the 100000 received from the Government these Indians have sold in the year Just ended SOOp Worth ot hay 13000 worth of Indian ponlcu and meat on a Government contract to the value of 12500 In addition to this they have 300000 pounds of oats yet to sell Thus the Income for the year 1900 was at the rate of nearly 100 per capita capi-ta in addition to the Government rations ra-tions tons lands thai are relaincd by these Indians comprise 511000 acres Including I the magnificent bottom lands on the south side of the Snake river and the I arable lands I on the south h sldo nfh the L 1 n uLLIIuzl iDiuCKLUUi vniwii iiiirivf > iiiu HIM boundary of the reservation The Snake river botloms are vast meadows watered wa-tered by many streams and II Is here tere Ihnt the Indians cut their hay for which there Is always a ready cash market Here also Is the pasture for their almost worthless Indian ponies 30CO of which they sold during the year for 1300 The bottoms are the greatest fishing grounds in Idaho arid an agents permit gives the while man the privilege privi-lege of enjoying them Off to the northeast rises Mount Putnam the valleys val-leys and canyons oC which arc filled Tho privilege ol wIth great game prlvlego Jeat hunting this game Is reserved exclusively exclu-sively for the Indians I Another school on the reservation Is that established some years ago by the Connecticut Indian association comprised com-prised of ladles of all denominations In New England its purpose being the trainIng of Indian girls For some years undenomlnallonal work was CQU ducled by Miss Amelia Frost at the school at Ross Fork but the results desired by the association were not being be-ing attained and two yenra ngo the mission was tendered to the Episcopal church I Is now in the diocese of III Rev J B Funstcn Bishop of Boise and the immediate work In In the hands of Rev Mr MayorJUKI wife 1 The school has an attendance at prcs d Lo i Y tjri < cnt of twelve Indian girls but Us Influence l In-fluence Is being felt and greater thinGs are being hoped for BANCROFT Bancroft Is the shippinG point on the Oregon Short Line of the Hatch and Chesterfield regions to the north and of a considerable portion of the north end of Genii alt including Lund anti 1 Grace At the lallci place there are some large opoiatlons In hand to irrIgate Irri-gate the dry benches from the Bear river The Last Chance Canal company I com-pany has expended 512000 constructing a dam in Bear river From this the water will he taken out on the west sidy I of the river and lower down will cross to the east side where 23000 act PS will be Irrigated Another canal about to be projected In the vicinity comprehends compre-hends the Irrigation of a still greater area Bancroft shipped some fifty cars of cattle In 100 and as many more of hay I and grain In addition there Is a standIng I stand-Ing market In Kommercr and DIamond vlllc for two carloads of lime every I month The greatest output of the I place however Is Its poultry button I eggs cheese and other light produce for all of which a cash market Is found al In Pocatello and In the Kemmcror and DlamondvlHo mines Surrounding Ban I croft are immense areas of unreclaimed lands which with the extension of the I irrigating systems will sustain an Immense Im-mense population A PICTURESQUE SPOT Fort nvc miles east of Pocatello and twenty miles from McCammon Junction Junc-tion on the Oregon Short Line Is Pebble Peb-ble one of the most picturesque and popular fishing and shooting resorts In Idaho It derives Its name from Pebble creek I mountain stream with a white gravel l bottom that falls out of a canyon can-yon peopled with deer bear and elk as well as an abundance of winged game wel and empties into the Portneuf river At tills confluence stands the clubhouse of the Pocatello Recreation club a live organization of sportsmen with forty one active and nine honorary members ont The officers are TIarry 33 Klnport president H P Cryst secretary Frank 13d Galletl Howard JMadden treasurer GaleU V Plat and W E Trapp directors all of Pocatello The clubhouse Is a substantial stantial structure of hewn logs and Is l thoroughly appointed for the conven hence of the members The peculiarities peculiari-ties of Pebble as a resort are that for a stretch of five miles the Portneuf river never freezes and the clubhouse is located lo-cated midway on this open water The efte milwa causes for this phenomenon are a series cause out of springs of pure water gushing of the lava some warm others cold and some of them of immense volume one spring circular In form measuring over 100 feet across These conditions combined with the gravelly bottom make the region a natural breeding ground for trout and a restingplace for ducks and geese In winter consequently consequent-ly an attractive resort for sportsmen Midwinter lishlng was common sport at Pebble unt Ishlns Introduction of Stale game laws It Is the aim of Mr KInport president presi-dent of the club to have a Government fish hatchery established here and It Is not claiming too much in saying that a more desirable spot does not exist on the 0 continent During the past year 25000 steel heads rainbow and brook trout were planted and more will fol The place possesses all low this year pOSESES the requisites for a hatchery contiguity water ty to railroad abundance of pure and ample grounds for breeding ponds There Is a plat of 600 acres and four feet under the sand Is the same pebbly that floors the river bed white gravel fors rler and gives the name to the place nlmO Though Pebble has been fished by Increasing in-creasing numbers for the past fifteen years so splendid l breedingground is it that such 0 thing as Its being fished out seems impossible and Mr ICinport states that during the past year the average catch was even higher than In the first year it was fished The lands are Just within that portion of the Fort Hal Indian reserve that will shortly bo opened for settlement MONTPEIIER Montpcllcr is one of the oldest l towns In Idaho having been Known as a jon j-on the old Oregon trail long before then the-n vent of the railroad since which time it has been a locomotive and freight division di-vision for the Oregon Short jlnc from vlslor which source a monthly labor payroll of 7300 Is derived I Is the largest and derlEd most Important town In Bear Lake county though Paris eleven miles to the west and tributary to Montpcller Is I the country seat The census of 1000 gives a population of 1444 being an increase In-crease populaton years of 1S7 per cent I lies at an allltude of 6000 feet on the alitude east side of a broad valley through which flows the Bear river and which Is otherwise watered by streams from the Aspen mountains on the cast lay is the chief product of the valley and tho region sustains many cattle and sheep It is also famous for the quality ty hcp Its apples and small fruits Ow 0 ing to the altitude the later ripen late In the season and Montpellcr strawberries strawber-ries are si feature in the markets after arC In Montpellcr for all others the season ni ontpelm the shipping point for all the Bear Lake counlry and for northwestern Wyoming Wyo-ming It is the outlet for SlaY valley I which together with Monlpellcr Itoclf logether the Salt Lake ships a ton of butter to Sal Lke market each week as much more to Kommcrer and Dlamondvllle In addition addi-tion to vast quantities of cheese eggs quanttes dressed hogs and veal and other lighter produce Two hundred cars of hay arc product exported annually the market being the ln coal camps of western Wyoming In ordinary seasons a surplus of 100 cars of potatoes exists for which the same fields furnish a ready market The livestock exports for the past year consisted of 200 cars of cattle and 100 curs of sliceD There was also n considerable consid-erable export of wool hides and peilo The conditions enumerated gives Mont ltons pellor nil the advantages of a large agricultural region with plenty of ready rlculural regIon The money to carry on business circulating medium is derived from the large sale of produce to a ready cash market and from the monthly railroad payroll of 7000 Thus the town Is on a cash basis Instead of on yearly eettlc 1 I mcnls an In moat agricultural commu j nltles and the result Is great activity In nlte I I all lines oC business There arc twenty I al Incs three business houses representing all lines and all prosperous There is one newspaper churches of various d < noml nalions a good public school system telephone connection with the outside world and electric light and water systems sys-tems arc now projected The city Is incorporated the prosuit Mayor bcMUg lon John Barrett with Henry Douglas as Clerk I There is much of interest u in the vi I cinity of Montpelier Eight mics to the vest is the famous Humming Bird I I mini north Is the Nounan Valley cupper cup-per Held where Judge While of Evanston Evans-ton arid Alf Budge arc developing some remarkable copper veins While In the mountains east there are line ledges of superior black and whlto variegated marble some of which has boon put I upon the market At the base of thaI tha-I I western hills lies Paris the county seat I J 1 where a fine academy has recently been erected Continuing south there are a I ercctel Contnuing succession of prosperous small towns unlll the picturesque Bear Lake Is reached This as It should be Is a great resort for pleasurcsceker and In t summer months its watery arc dotted with pleasure craft f I SODA SPRINGS The relationship of Soda Springs to the outside world is altogether out of proportion to the population nt the ilace12S Tt Is situated sixtyeight milts cast of Pocatello on the Oregon Short Line and Inns been anty termed the stock market of southeastern Idaho It Is the outlet for that vast wool and cattle country to the norh which comprises com-prises the Blackfoot and Little Hlaok fool and extends to John Grays Jake Its exports in the past year amounted to 210 cars of catllc SOS cars of sheep and nearly 2000000 pounds of wool While from its more Immediate Industries Indus-tries It shipped sixtyeight cars of hot lcd mineral water and fifty cars of sulphur sul-phur It is the home of at least two monopolies the Natural Mineral Water company and the Soda Springs and Grays Lake Telephone company The latter is controlled by F M Merrill of Soda Springs and connects with the Rocky Mountain Bell telephone at Preston Pres-ton Oneida county traverses Gentile valley from south lo north and oxlenca north tp John Grays lake a total of eighty miles Poles are erected fifteen miles farther which will carry the line to Heath In Blngham county The town is incorporated the present chairman chair-man of the board being C T Woodall with D F Lau Clerk Public schools arc maintained and in addition to the Latterday Saints the Presbyterian church Is represented There are at present two school buildings and a third and more modern structure Is about to be erected A condition detrImental lo the growth of the town and which has existed since Us foundation has recently re-cently been adjusted The lots In the town were owned by the estates of the laic Capt Hooper and Horace S Bl dnJge of Utah and title was In litigation liti-gation The Oregon Short Line cleared titled and sold the lots to A J Knollln Co The latter immediately made a gift of a central block lo the town and proposes to sell the lots lo those who have squatted on them without title for many years The result will be a better class of dwellings and a healthy growth Moreover A J Knollln Co Is but a branch of Swift Co and the probability of the latter being attracted at-tracted by the vast cattle industries to erect a canning plant Is not considered very remote The town has one good newspaper and numerous hotels chief of which Is the IdanIIa tIne largest and bestappointed hotel In Idaho closed during the winter months but thronged In summer by recreation seekers seek-ers who come here for the cool atmosphere atmos-phere and to drink the natural mineral waters This year will see the town with a rebuilt public water system and lighted with elcclriWly Soda Springs lies at an altitude of 58CO feet and within a radius of ten miles there arc more natural wonders than in a similar area anywhere on the continent outside of the Yellowstone park It was near here that one of the flows of lava that in ages past swept over the Snake River valley originated and the region has by no means settled down to good behavior yet These features fea-tures cannot be even enumerated in this article but there arc immense Ice caves some containing perpetual small lakes of pure water of great depth old craters filled with sulphur and numerous other freaks that suggest that when the world was young the devil may have used Soda Springs for a playground Chief among these are the numerous springs of soda water of varying temperature from almost freezing to bloodheat and of varying analysis but all containing blcarbon ate of sodium and magnesium in excess and carrying lithium manganese andIron and-Iron In some Instances these geyser and boll from the rocks while la others they are large springs or pools one the Mammoth being 50 by 150 feet In one instance a mound sixty feet high will bo crowned by a hot geyser while from the foot of the mound will flow a cold spring with almost the same chemical ingredients But the chief characteristic characteris-tic of these waters Is their effervescence efferves-cence caused by an excess of free carbonic car-bonic acid gas This quality makes it possible to bottle the waters for the market without any treatment or preparation prep-aration whatever and the Immense works of the Natural Mineral Water company bottle 5000 bottles per day for export So great Is the excess of carbonic car-bonic acid gas that In one spring alone it is estimated that 3000000 cubic feet escape every twentyfour hours A movement is i projected to liquify this gap and put it on tho market In steel drums Four and onehalf miles cast of Soda Springs are the mines of the Western Sulphur company of which A H All worth of Duluth is president and Charles A Lewis superintendent A Plant with a dally capacity of ten tons Is operated the Scovia carrying from 15 to 00 per cent sulphur 12 per cent being the minimum of commercial success IDAHO Id1NING INDUSTRY As a mining State Idaho ranks as fifth in the production of gold and silver sil-ver but stands at the head of the list Coeur dAlenc as a lead producer The mines in Shoshone county alone produce pro-duce as much lead aJ all tire other States In the Union and this fact should give prominence to the young Stale The year of 1900 has been an active one in many respects in all sections sec-tions of the State but in many instances In-stances the operations carried on and work accomplished was largely preparatory pre-paratory for future development and production This statement applies particularly to the extensive operations of the War Eagle Mining company which has carried the great tunnel from Sinker creek on the cast side oC the War Eagle mountain for a distance dis-tance of 3000 feet and In another year will cut tire center of that oldlime granIte treasure vault at a depth of 2100 feet and demonstrate Us value with great depth Thin tunnel will be over COOO feet long where It cuts tine Golden Chariot ledge and if continued through the camp to tine Florida moun taln mines will not only drain all that section but is liable to produce Its tens of millions of gold nnd silver ores The lu same company has large operations placer and quarts mining in the old Boise basin country and has already Invested threequarters of a million In Idaho developments A Montreal syndicate syn-dicate Is operating In the War Eagle mines al Silver City and has half a million to the credit ard probably much more of its Iduho mining Investment In-vestment and development plans Tine Seven Devils copper syndicates and companies arc spending anywhere from 16000 to SJSOOOO lit sinking nhaflsi running crosscuts and boring with diamond dia-mond drills for the deep mining necessary neces-sary to demonstrate tine future permanent perma-nent Worth of those mines which arc held under options amounting to several sev-eral million dollars The fact that the Boston and Seven Devils company Is making regular muon lily payments on their properties Indicates that the diamond dia-mond drill did penetrate valuable ore bodies below the COO level Tn the old camp of Mineral a new modern smelter will be completed this winter and that old camp will begin production on o larger scale than ever Its near neighbor the Iron Mountain also gives promise of becoming t > new and Important copperproducing district dis-trict All the way along the east batik of Snake river especially Jn the Heath district and through to the country north of the Seven Devils as far as the mouth of tire Salmon river are numerous numer-ous deposits of copper and gold making nearly 150 miles of a copper belt that Is bound to distinguish western Idaho ai a copper region in the near future when railroad transporlatlon is secured se-cured The wealth and richness of the ores of this section arc Just becoming known and the past year has been one principally of development and prospect work rather than of production only 3000000 pounds of copper being hauled out by teams to the railroad at Cambridge Cam-bridge Tn tine Warrens dlslrlct and other old camps more or less work has been done In gold mining but the output was not large In tho Wood River country and the gold belt to the west good Indications txlst for more active work and larger production tire coming year For example ex-ample the old Minnie Moore mlno at Bellevue is belntr pumped out and the work of sinking and drifting for new ore bodied has boon begun At the Tip Top mine west of HnlTey Mr John J Packard the wellknown Tlnllc mining mi-ning man has opened a valuable mine anti icccntly struck a good body of copper cop-per and gold uro which has given life 16 all that region The Croesus has also found linger ore reserves and much work is to bo carried on in the whole region the coming year On Lost river very extensive operations opera-tions are being carried oi under tho ownership oC that bldllmo bonanza king John TV Mackay of California and others who hold copper properties In that region In Stanley basin and other points lit the Salmon river region quite active gold mining both In placers and quartz is seen and the whole Sawtooth range will see numbers qf prospectors the coming year Much outside capital Is coming to Idaho and starting xip dredging operations Jn various old placer districts Thy success of the dredges operating at Stanley basin and on Salmon river Snake river and in Boiso basin is attracting wide atCen llon Four or five new dredges are starting upon the upper Snake river placers and If they prove as successful success-ful as the one at SlarrhB Ferry the whole Snake river country will be active ac-tive in placer mining again Briefly glancing at the districts of Nefil and Pearl near Boise City the production In gold and the further developments at the Homemake Mountaineer Hidden Hid-den Treasure and Daisy mines in Neal as well as Jn the Checkmate and other mines at Pearl show that depth is i Rtcacllly adding to tho fixed permanent values of those districts And this la true of many other localities < along the South Boise clear through to the Caman gold belt The Interior region tributary to the Salmon river not now accessible lo railroad or wagon haul is a vast mining region which is held In reserve for the next decade to explore and develop de-velop The National Mining congress to bo held In Boise In July 1901 will bring many mining operators and Investors together and a united effort ofall sections sec-tions of Idaho to display the ores and advantages of the State will undoubtedly undoubt-edly benefit the mining Industry and add to the number engaged In It In presenting the statement of the receipts of gold bullion at the United States assay office It Is found on Inquiry In-quiry that the receipts como from all sections of the State and also from eastern Oregon at Baker City from Dillon Mont and elsewhere While the season of 1900 was rather limited by the water supply Jt may be stated that the output has doubled during the past five years 1 U S Assay Office Boise Ida Mr J w Cunningham in charge oC the United States assay office furnishes fur-nishes tire following statement of gold bullion purchased at the United States assay office at Boise Ida for the eien months ended November 30 3900 January 12012971 February 477173i March 1W1S203 April 101931JO May 3S59025 Juno 2020W7J July 10C70l2t August 1717S30V September 1I5EIB5 October 15037115 November 3336SLS3 Total S1570C3613 The Bayhorse District During the open season of 1900 which closed the operations of the Clayton smelter on November 10th Manager Greene of the Clayton Milling and Smelting company reports a successful success-ful run the output being 1700000 pounds of highgrade leadsilver bullion bul-lion This smelter has a capacity of fifty tons dally and has been running about 100 days each year during the summer months Since iSO the Clayton Clay-ton smelter has turned out about 1000000 worth of bullion EIHIORE COUNTY Atlanta Rocky Bar and the Old liUning Camps Thereabouts In writing up the resources of El more county and the territory adjacent that contributes to its wealth lacking both time and former experience I cannot fully describe it as it should bo described The chief town of this section Is Mountainhome the county seat of El moro and the distributing point for supplies to a territory thirty miles wide and 190 miles long reaching from Mountain City In Nevada on tire south and to Atlanta on tire north Both oC these camps are mining towns oC worth and in the strip of territory between be-tween these two places is a country that JM an empire within itself At least 15000 head of cattle arc ranged In this territory and fully 500 000 head of sheep 40000 head of horsea range Jn this same section Three and onehalf million pounds of wool was shipped from Mountainhome and la stored within its largo and commodious commodi-ous warehouses It claims a higher floor space devoted de-voted to storage than any town on the Short Line between Pocatello and Huntington Or Three largo stores supply the people of the town and vicinity with all the necessaries of life The stocks carried Jn trade would do credit to a town of much larger size Stages leave daily for Three Creeks on the south the distributing point for a huge cattle and sheepgrazing country coun-try These stages run through the beautiful Bruncau vnlley Jn Owyhco county This valley is second only to time BoIse valley In productiveness Tine hotel accommodations arc first class Within the last year W J Turner Tur-ner one of Mountalnhomes early pioneers pio-neers has completed the Turner house a large threestory brick hotel building of seventy rooms which is considered the finest hotel at present Jn the State The Fletcher Mercantile company has completed a fine lireproof brick store building 25x70 feet adjoining their former store building Several new residences have been built in the last year and several more are contemplated contem-plated to be erected at an early date The pride of Mounlainhomo is her public schools The high school under un-der tIne management of Prof W A Mulllns assisted by as lime a corps oC teachers us ever taught In any ono school anywhere has placed that Institution In-stitution second to none In the State dally attendance of Idaho The average ance is in the neighborhood of 2uO And right hero I may say a word In reference to the schools oC Elmoro county No county in the State can boast > of having her school finances in as good ft shape as Elmoro Every dlstricl with the exception of Moun tainhome man enough rash on hand to run nearly one year without any extra monev Some have more than enough amid Mounlainhomo is fast paying off her bonded obligations Tire stages running to Alluula pass through the towns of Pine and Rocky Bar and carry the mall to Dixie Limn Crock Junction Bar Bonaparte and Bascom distrlclo DIXIE Dixie is a most promising mining camp Tho leading mines are thoiio controlled by the Crown Point Gold Mining company u local corporation organized by that wellknown mining man Daniel Rcber The mine now being worked by tine company Is the Ooldan KInjf The company com-pany has a ohaft down 300 feet and instill In-still sinking showing an ore body three feet wide with three feet of very high grade ore carrying gold silver copper and lead It in the Intention of tine company to run a tunnel to tap this ledge at a depth of 1270 foot The tunnel will bo 2700 feet in length arid should the present pres-ent ore bodien continue to that depth the mine would at onco rank vlth ilio beat minus of Amurlou At the mouth of this tunnelfine a5 ter power IM tiuolly available lo run alt the machinery required Other promising locations In the vicinity vi-cinity are the MOOBC Midnight Eddie and other clnimo whose name your correspondent cor-respondent cannot call to mJndi The Jingo mine on Limit creek owned by J McCornlck Cuwcn promises to bq a great piopcrty The work done tint past summer dhows it has passqd tho Aroapcct and shows it to stases of n ospect IIU1 EC T TlS ore bodies improve WJ bC mine be n minefhC O of tle shut and tlm bottom tle I depth feel of ore running about shows eight ton feet occasional chutes or 20 per ton 100 per as hlfth ore running President o mine owned by James The is L the Jingo miles from Downs two mles rom Is mine Plenty ol ore vcrv promising m1 to work will pay iow that 10 in sight tha good prospects In are plenty goo There capital will not 1 be district and c wi his disappointed when It seeks investment I Lime Creek djirtrlct in At the Pine there are several promising I tH them may be named among thelT locations Gold Hill Mountain the View Franklin Daisy Magpie Conquest Bird i lasple and others that at present do not come correspondents mInd to the lately been mine lias Conquest i The las named Scott from man Scot by a purchased Oregon promises I to be a dividend j I In a short while c paver 1 worke Is now being wored The Bird I mine nc b Id very fine ore by J Winters and some fnc 1 extracted and run from tune Ito I is being h the old Franklin mil to lime through Irankln tme I with good results wih have long The mines ot Bonaparte lonE i known to he good mines but they ibeen have fallen into the hands of par tic I that know nothing of mining I Bonaparte mine is owned hY The women residing inthe East and some ever since tho owner riled and left It t o I them it has remained Idle j Some Walla Walla parties purchased I the Water Spoul and Jim Blaine mines I and the work lately done shows vcr fine bodies of highgrade ore The Uncle Ben Mining company has I a very fine showing but the Walli Wnlla parties who own a large Interest Wola Patcs in charge I poor manager n put a very mamgC of the a closing down I The results was a properly resuls lot of pay ore in sight I prope1y wlh mines In the Bascoin dls owned and controlled by the < trlcl arc cOJilrolcd I Idaho Mining and Mljling company JThls company started out to mlsrepre I and like all companies of sent things al sent that kind soon came to grief But in weeks the companys sec the last few rotary Mr H H Browning has bdfer adjusting the claims of the company and In the early spring it will resume operations under different management and on honest business lines and when it does the property of the Idaho MIning I and Milling company will be one ning 1flln wl of the dividendpayers of Elmore I There arc several promising locations owneel In this district and capital i would oWl do well to inquire into the merits of Bascom district The Blackstone district on the Ma lad is In one sense a new district and yet is one of the oldest districts In Idaho I is located on the Malad an easy days drive from either Mountalnhomc or Glenns Ferry The Blackstone Mining company whose name is well known to all Idaho people has carried on considerable considera-ble development work there the past season opening up some fine bodies ol gold silver copper and lead ore The members oC the company are S J Rich Ben Rich J II Hawley W H Packctt aim vlutem Clemo a They have amine a-mine which will make them all rich The Manawa Mining company of Boston owns some very promising locations lo-cations adjoining on which it has done considerable work the past season ROCKY BAR At Rocky Bar the chief developments of the past year have been made by the Sawtooth and Red Marion Mining companies com-panies The Sawtooth Mining company is composed of Chicago capitalists They took a bond and lease on the Ophlr companys property and the mines owned by Eugene Lewis These mines show up very well and hut for thelateness of the season when they started to move the mill the mill would now be running on very high grade free gold ore The company Is now running the mines only working some ten or twelve menThe men-The Red Warriors chief property closed down for the winter owing to some complications between different members of the company This company com-pany owns some of the finest property on the Red Warrior hill I will resume operations at an early date The company com-pany owns a fine twentystamp mill and cyanide plant and is fully prepared lo resume operations on an extensive scale O E C Towne the wellknown mining and civil engineer Is working several men doing prospecting work on sev oral promising locations He recently sold the Bit group of mines to a Spc Kane syndicate headed by Snodgrass Burbidge of Spokane This company is doing some systematic syste-matic development work under the able management of John T Oilman The old Bear Creek Alluvial com panys property on Bear creek the aiume enterprise started by that Olll pioneer H Thompson Is again to be resurrected by a party of New York capitalists Dr E P Hayes of New York was recently here and he informs your correspondent that work will begin be-gin in the early spring The richness I of the deposits of gravel in the creek has never been questioned and a large amount of rich float quartz will surel come out when it is again worked The capital iiT all that needed The large amount of work being done by pros Hectors Is uncovering some very fine ore bodies In the Bear Creek district in and around Rocky Bar The claims of J Klrnan John Boyle the GermaIn group the Richmond Queen of the Vest and a dozen others your correspondent cannot call to mind J The Ida Elmore and PIttsburg properties nc prop-erties are at present Idle but effort arc on foot to again resume operation on these famous properties and when irii 1 done they vihl certainly again be t added to the list of dividend payers AT ATLANTA cure located mines which are famous not only fdr their richness but for the size of their ore bodies The best known mine is Th110 Montt71 on the Atlanta vein This mine lms Deduced JnnSft nh roduccd more money than any other mine In Elmon IL SSUnlyTh ° Buffalo adjoinIng has I been a fclose second The lor other note I I properties of this section arc the Ta homa which has a large ledge of good grade ore We understand a safe is i I r about ° nT mmate < 1 on this Property The Big Lode Is another noted mine showing seven feet of good gold ore but the company owing L ° litigation among themselves seen reasons un mown to men aCQuainted with tin mine to keep it cl sd down The Pettlt adjoining the Monarch shows large bodls of very high grade ore but the owners not being mining men want to sell it lather than work I ft which they could do at a Good profit to themselves The Atlanta Consolidated Mines jInes Limited a London corporation owns borne very fine property havIng 7500 feet on the Atlanta lode This property 11 about to change hands and It is the wish of everyone that It will fall Into 1al I the hands of pcojle who will give it a good management The new company is the Golden Age Mining company organized by 1 C Johnston of Lincoln oJ r Neb The mine can furnish an unlhn fled amount of good ore and all that is needed Is the management which It has never had In the past The Lat Chance mine belonging to I the Ilyndman estate has been v Scat roducer In the past and it will surely be one again The mine has produced large bodies oC ore running S40 per pound The mine is now ted up In the Probate court and something may c done ere long to start this property pgnln The Jericho group owned by Brown ewton ShoUt Olsen and ErIckson show a large bOdy ° c lowgrade ore and is a promising Investment for capl tal alThe The properly known as the Tahoma No 3 on the Tahoma vein promises to be a worthy location The last work tihows some very high grade ore The development work done on the inerva mine shows considerable consierble llchgade ore The Dewey mine some four miles Bore foul llom Atanla owned by rnke m1es sbows a large body of good grade sold ore and the owners started to erect 1 m1 last fall but the early mowfal I i t j i c i l I stopped the work which Tl I be Vk r sumed early I in the spring The John Bascom minI on Bronte I zuma gulch owned by Goetz and Wal zumn I tcrs shows about twenty feci wide of good grade ore I Other promising locations are the ocatons I Webfoot IVTfeslay Washington Idahi I Gold Dividend Ella and several others r 1 cannot at present mention I The mines on Queens river some similes si-miles distant arc again attracting at I tentlon and some sensational developments develop-ments may be looked for The placer operations on the Mldd J t Boise wore not very extensive the past season owing to a lack of water thIs j being the driest season known fori I years Another cause was the lltiga I tlon between the Firm Springs and Upper Up-per Boise Hydraulic companies but I now this Is settled extensive work maybe may-be looked for a t an early date The agricultural lands of the county I are fast being located that is where water can be secured easily I The Smiths prairie section has all i been located the past season or everyplace I every-place where water could ho secured at a reasonable cost Some fourteen 01 Jlfteen families have located there in I i the past six months This Is not the only place as all along the South Boise I I river Little Caucus the Malad in and around Garnet homesteads have been I filed in the last few months There is I fed some talk of work being started on the < I Long Tom reservoir and should this be I done the growth of Mountalnhomc and vicinity would be phenomenal as hen la located one of the firiest tracts oC land in Idaho land that will produce with water six and seven tons of alfalfa I al-falfa hay to the acro and all kinds 01 fruits and vegetables known to the I I temperate zone The Bell telephone is at present within I with-in sixteen miles of this place and will have the lines completed into 1oun1 1 lainhome by New Years thus giving I us connection with the longdistance telephones now built throughout the great Northwest W A D IMPROVEMENTS AT BOISE Mr L E Tourtellotte the architect furnishes the following list of buildings erected during the year 1900 I Cottage Junius Wright seven rooms 2800 > Cottage R V Stone nine rooms I 20tHospital Hospital at Soldiers home 3000 I I New building at penitentiary about 5123000 f l Episcopal church about 525000 Washington school building S7GOO Hawthorne school building 5000 Residence for Rt Rev Bishop Fun sten S9000 Improvements to St Margarets school SHOO Improvements to St Patricks hal 1000 Improvements to Statesman building 1000 Improvements to Gen John Greens business building 3000 Improvement to Idaho Hardware store building 1400 Improvements to a cottage for Na than Falk 1000 Improvements to Leo P Grunbaums residence 1000 Improvement to Dr Bettiss residence resi-dence 300 Improvements to Central school building > 3000 Residence for Nathan Smith 3000 Residence for Judge James H Beatty 7500 Residence for W D Springer M D 2SOO Residence for Miss Hester Spackan 160 Residence for Y C Kerr Esq 2200 Residence for W G Messersmith Esq 1800 Residence for George Prout 800 I Residence for R A Dickenson Esq 1300 Residence for Charles Paynton Esq n iOO Residence for James Hart 1800 Residence for James Agnew 1100 Idanha hotel 70000 Business building James Pack 10 000Business Business building A F Montandon 3000 Business building John Early 3000 Commercial Bank building 10000 Idaho Implement building 7000 Residence for John Pllmer 2000 Residence for W E Pierce 1900 Three dwellings In Locust Grove ad diton 400 H E Neal addition to house 700 Mrs Loutz SSOO 501J0 Four dwellings in City Park addition Residence O K Grocery 1700 Residence corner Ninth and State streets 32200 Boise Butcher company Improve men ts S20 Idaho Dressed Beef company Improvements I Im-provements 1500 Residence Mrs Mitchell U60 I Residence Mr Perkins 1800 J Residence Mr Blair 1000 Improvements at Capitol building OOO Cottage for Mr Morris 1200 Improvements to residence of Hon Frank Hunt 900 Improvements to Capital State bank 2000 Five cottages built in different nor tons or city 5000 Improvements to Kohnys store buldnc 700 Other improvements 10000 rue most expensive buIldS elected I was the Idaho State penltenliarv which consisted of remodeling the old I and erectng a new building In the Ialan Renassance style costing about 12O O The fNitae Is 187 feet I the towers 150 feet high and the entire depth includIng the old diningroom I Is 225 feet The building is Shied wIth electricity Is heated by warm water from artesian wells and HR entire con trlcton and arrangement give health cleanliness and cleanlness the best modern con vcniences to Is inmates THE COMING MARKETS The growth of Idaho is shown in thiS < th-iS Kn ral districts puinciially in the nOIthcrl astern and southern see tions Tile demand for public lands and cultivated farms Is rapidly Increas Ing The great Industry ° f course 19 minng and this is what affords a good home market for all the fruits produce and meats raised by the farmer A great new market Is openinG up In the Orient In n few years all the surplus grain hay flour beef mutton and dairy products ot these mountains will be turned toward the Pacific Dolts instead in-stead or the Atlantic seaboard A home In any or these fertile mountain States will be the choicest In the land if cul tvated and improved to its full ca pacit One ° f the striking features S the new era Is the fine new hotels and residences building in all the towns or the State The new hotels completing thIs date at Shoshone Mountainhome Jampa and Boise are lountainhome surprisIng In size style finish and beauty of arrangement angement The Nampa hotel covers most or a block and Is estiniated to cost 150000 All these towns arc fifled to the brim WJth people not a vacant dwelling or store in anv town flom Pocatello to Weiser I speaks we1 for local business nundred are lok1ng for homes and lands for IQokin6 Tnnhn Oregon Short Line osLi esl mates that the population along its line I wI double In the next three or four ear ih this growth In population and production prOducton comes the new Oriental trade and the new malkets opening on the Pacific I ocean The produrer will soon > hear the order Right about face WELCOME TO IDAHO In a general review of Idahoit is ap parent that progress Is making in every branch of buslness The spirit of en terprso Is growing the people l are more elJghtened and becoming better organized I > and capital is seeking out opportunities to make safe and proilta lotn ble Investments < Not only that but I the natural tendency of population of 1 I commerce of railroad construction and Ik the movement of the surplus energy o F J L At I the Naloni noW toward thePacilid I coast The growth of the Orient trade the wonderful rush of goldseek ers to the Northwest and the increase in the volume of the money metals produced from year to year make the whole arid region which is also the great mineral section of the Unite States one of Immense present and future fu-ture importance New conditions new markets and new population are strong I Jy pointing toward a boom period I In I all the Pacific slope IJano ll a rigm in tho pathway of the new transcontinental lines to the Northwest coast Surveys are now beIng I be-ing made for new lines or feeders by I the Burlington system through three portions ortw State also by the Northern Pacific the Union Pacific the Midland Pacific the Nampa idaho I Northern the Pacific Idaho North I ern the Northwest railway dow Snake river and construction was fail ly advanced on a number of these line j In 1900 Idaho is the theater of a great dc vclopment drama in the near future Its mountains are filled with the pro II clous metalsgold silver lead copper antI Iron Its resources and opportu I nliics are all on a gigantic scale I I is really an empire in extent and in Its capacity to accomplish great results I The character of its people Is affected by the magnitude of their surroundings und oiportunltlcs I Some of the main features that present I pre-sent themselves In glancing at thIs young giant of the Northwest on thi dawning day o the twentieth century are these namely That Idaho grew more rapidly tho past census decade ban any Stale in the Union that the percentage of growth since 1S30 has been 9li per cent in round numbers that the production of gold silver and lead reaches 15000000 in 1900 and than tha-n lead a single county of Idaho produces pro-duces onehalf of all the lead produced in the United Stales that this State also shows the lowest death rate and oC > course shows itself to be tin healthiest State in the Union I i Is something to live long and enjoy great Igor great mental strength and ac Ivity Nature has done much for Idaho and mans great opportunity lies within the borders of the State HR lakes rivers mountains forests and Yale lands are a rich heritage which are bequeathed to the coming gen ration to the young men and women of the new century One who helped to lay the foundations of the young State bids them welcome to Idaho SEEP HUSBANDRY The Idaho WoolGrowers association Is one of the largest aqt strongest State organizations In the est The officers arc John McMillan president L L rmsby vicepresident and Montie B Gwln secretary and treasurer of Boise City The executive committee is composed com-posed of J D Springci Boise Nathan ticks Rexburg Fred Gooding Sho shone A G Butterfleld Welser There arc about 700 owners of flocks reporting to the State association and the num her of sheep In the State Is estimated to I between 2500000 and 3000000 head The success of the business Is shown b y the statement made by the secretary I that the Increase has been fully 50 per cent in the past five years Several business blocks hotels mercantile antile and banking enterprises have been startedthe past year In various towns by the sheepmen A great many beautiful residences have been erected during the year and many winter feedIng feed-Ing grounds and hay ranches are being acquired and more care taken In feeding feed-ing sheep Instead of depending on graz log Yet the summer ranges in Idaho are very excellent and afford free grass for many months Between Huntington Hunting-ton and Shoshone about 7000000 to 000000 pounds of wool was handled the past season the price ranging from 1 L to 15 cents for different grades The shipment of mutton and shEep is a large l item every season probably 600 000 or GOOOOO head worth 3 to 1 1 a headlock head-lock sheep are high ewes ranging from 350 to 1 for good grades As a rule the substantial sheepmen and stockgrowers generally are opposed to the project of leasing the public lands 1 by the Government SHOSHONE AND VICINITY In the central portion of the Snake River valley the principal town is Shoshone the junction of the Wood River branch of the Short Line railway This point had formerly the division terminal and machine shops and was quite an important railroad town In the division of Alturas county I became be-came the county seat of Lincoln county and Is now largely occupied by the stockgrowers of the surrounding region re-gion for headquarters and residences About 100 bands of sheep numbering over 100000 head are now owned and owne fed during the winter In the vicinity Many ranches arc owned by stockmen where the hay Is raised for winter feeding feed-ing During the season of 1900 800 carloads car-loads of mutton sheep were shipped I from tho summer ranges at Han y and points on the Wood River branch about 150000 head One million pounds of wool was marketed and several thousand tons of hay consumed The value of hay ranges from 1 1 to 6 per ton During the year n ditch was completed com-pleted and about 10000 inches of water I diverted from the big Wood river ncar the Cotlonwoods to the Little Wood I river above Shoshone which has Increased I creased the water supply for this valley val-ley and the town Another enterprise was the organization organiza-tion of the StockGrowers Mercantile company Limited with 10000 capital which purchased the Senter block and carries on a large commercial business find will soon open a new bank at Shoshone Ten of the largest cattle and sheepgrowers comprise the stockholders holders Three good hotels are running two built since the fire which destroyed de-stroyed a portion of the town Good schools finelyshaded streets and grounds and a healthy substantial Business give evidence that prosperous Limes exist tmes Perhaps the most important project for Shoshone is the proposed dam and canals above Shoshone falls which arc intended to reclaim about 300000 acres of choice land on both sides of Snake Iver tributary to this point Its new hotels new bank new residences and ncreased business activity has established estab-lished confidence andis attracting new copulation to Shoshone |