OCR Text |
Show SENATOR JOHNSON URGES PEACE PACT REJECTION UNITED STATES SENATOR HIRAM W. JOHNSON of California, as lie j appeared in Salt Lake esterda prior to his last public address in opposition to the league of nations. v J , I Shantung Award Also Is Assailed by Californian During His Address at Salt Lake Tabernacle. Audience of 8000 Gives Covenant Foe Ovation on Last Appearance in His Tour of West. United States Senator Hiram W. Johnson of California, concluded his tour of the west last night at the tabernacle tab-ernacle when, before an audience of nearly 8000, he made his last public address ad-dress against the league of nations before be-fore he resumes his fight on the covenant cove-nant on the floor of the senate in Wash ington. As he entered the auditorium the pije organ began to play " Yankee toodle'' and the crowd rose, cheering. The ! audience stood a7itl''"ia"pc3" ami cheered in welcome for" five or moie minutes. It Tvas a noisy, boisterous welcome, wel-come, and one to which Senator Johnson John-son responded with constant smiles and nods. After the introduction by Bishop C. w Nibley. "who presided at the meeting, meet-ing, Senator Johnson went headlong to the attack. He did not mince his word.; and indicated at the start that he bas.?s his opposition to the league on the belief that in its present form it is contrary to the interests of Ameri-jnism. Ameri-jnism. SAYS NATION IS AT CROSSROADS. Saying that tlie United States in the discussion of the peace treaty and the league of nations stands at the crossroads cross-roads of destiny, he declared that one path, that of the league of nations, is the cynical path of European and Asiatic Asi-atic diplomacy, and the other the straight and narrow path of "100 per cent Americanism.' ' His attack last night tvus aimed at two targets, part being directed against President "Wilson and the other against ,the leaguo covenant and the treaty of peace. President Wilson he termed as "ever riding the clouds and painting the rainbow," as in Paris having spciu his time "painting the lily and gilding gild-ing refined gold.'' The president, he said, when he returned re-turned from Paris still had the language lan-guage while the other great nations taking part in the peace conference had the booty. COUNCIL VOICE ALSO ASSAILED. Article X of the leaguo was his principal prin-cipal poiut of attack on the covenant itself. It was to this article that he direeVd again and again t lie shaft of his criticism. He likewise emphasized the provisions by which Great Britain and her colonies have six votes in tho assembly to one for the United Stales, and spoke again and again of the fnine men of the council sitting secretly sec-retly in Geneva, eight of them foreigners, for-eigners, controlling the destinies of the world. " The audience interrupted him time after time with applause, but once they interrupted to heckle and for the firs'i; time on his tour the speaker was forced to stop and deal with them. This Interruption came when Senator Johnson attempted to criticise statements made in his Salt Lake address by President Presi-dent Wilson when he emphasized the po-German po-German nature of much of the opposition opposi-tion to the league. Senator Johnson said: "The president intimated in this verv hall." and Rot no furtlu-r. for the cheers 1 at the name of the president drowned his words. Three times he got that far and no further. But at last." when the audience audi-ence was quiet for the fourth time, ho fairly shouted. "Cheer, my friends, if you want to. T am standing here as " an American in opposition. The cheering broke out a train from Johnson sympn thizei-s. and he was soon able to resurr his address. There were many times during- th dress when persona in the audi shouted their own interpreuuiony. ' provals and disapprovals of the Ont nia senator. - p. Senator Johnson's remark?, ren'V11'3'. various forms, conc-erninir the ''VoVi . placed upon the I'nltsd States ti'uvii -. (Continued on pae 11, Col TREATY IGNORES U. S. IDEAISATOAUTORp i League for the. Presorx-ation of American Independence, lie accepted this invitation invita-tion last nisht. Bishop Nibley, in his introductory remarks re-marks last niht. expressed his belief in the impracticability of the entire league arrant'enients and said he hcpes the xvhole tiling will be thrown into the discard. He claimed opinion is changing more against than for the league. Bishop Nibley expressed the belief that the rest of the world would follow tiie "Mormon" creed, "Mind your own business!" busi-ness!" "With Senator Johnson are Alexander Moi'abe, insurance commissioner of California Cali-fornia anil former private secretary to the senator when lie was governor of California ; V. Russell Cole, a former newspaper man and now an insurance broker of San Francisco; William II. Jordan Jor-dan of San l-Yanciseo, representing the I'niversal News service; bl. AY. Thompson of Portland. Ore., represent intr the Asso-. Asso-. elated Press, and Carlos V. McClatehey, representing the Sacramento Bee. JOIlOfJ MAKES up m President and Article X. Are Especial Targets of Coast Senator. (Continued From Page One.) league to keep the "khaki-clad boys in Kurope," he addressed particularly to the' motlu-rs. lie. spoke in ironical vein of the ""rt men ret-uisitione. for Pilesia. of the nien now in Siberia and in other pans of trie woi'li, holding their presence In t'or-t-icn torri :orv as a concrete argument acainst the league. In regard to the reservation which President WiLson held up to his Salt Lake audience as seeking to cut the very heart o: the league, Senator Johnson said: "If tii is reservation de-ined to grant congress the power To make war and ! Vrovidinq; that the military and naval lorees of the United States shall not be used without the consent of congress, jet's cut out the heart.' He based this plea on an interpretation interpreta-tion he credits to the president th.it the I nited States constitution cannot be invoked in-voked and that congress lias not the au-i au-i hority over our armed forces, for the league of nations takes that axithorltv under article X. Senator Johnson drew a lauch from his audience when he said that lie could go out on any soap hox and iret all the sym-pathv sym-pathv in the world for the woes of Ar-nunia, Ar-nunia, for Czerho-SIovakia. for the Poles and other smail countries, while some proponents of the league believe it to be a misdemeanor to call attention to the woes of this country. America First, Plea. Senator Johnson indicated that those woes are sufficient to occupy the United States bp fore it mixed with fore ism en-!.tnch-?iienis. and that it is the dutv of the United States to clean itself first and ks neighbors next. Secret treaties made by -our eo-bolhs-- erents beforp the United Sta tes entered the war and of which Senator Johnson aid the president was lirnorant until he reached Paris formed the basis upon which the peace treatv and the league are founded, he asserted. He spoke, too, in ironic tones of the Pi ft piaed in the conference hv the pr..--.Tiers of Great Uriui'n and France, a".d intimated that they had derived the president and the senate in thir hiu'h-so;:nd:i:g hiu'h-so;:nd:i:g speeches which thev had made beiVre t'u- senate. In this lat ter regard he said : "At the vry time thv (Lloyd Georce. Tiani. l'.hn and Nhii) were taik:n t'ms to u their pockets w er..- bulrintr v ith ' reaties dividing t-ie eartli among t bejn." Senator Johnson spoke of him-se'f him-se'f as an idealist, yielding to r.ono in tins q:al:tv. but defined his own idealism as contrasted with that of the president as an idealism that gets things done, and quoted from what he accomplished in ls own state nine years airo for an example. Scores Unity of Pact. Senator- Johnson found fault with the 1 -.'i gi ; e because it is so entwined w i t i i t e provi-d-m 0f tim peace treatv that it seems impossible to extricate one from t !- other for separate consideration. He accused the president of po--r judgment judg-ment and poor statesu.ansl-.ip in bringing bring-ing ha ;.; the two in such a wav as To p.hke it Impossible to reie'-t the one without rejecting th other, and claimed Uat t.-.c president bar Nn s led of this eord-tmn before he lefr Pans. -'.ting' the recent test : mcny concerning t"e ka-r ie covenant giveu i.-:"er- the S..T.. ate com mi i tee on forej., affair he ld attention pa-; icu!a rl v to the Bullitt testimonv confrr.ing Lansing's or no-i- ! t-"n to much of the tr-eatv and to 0-',,e.- U-ns raised by (ienepal Bliss and other members 0f te commission He enneiud-d by stating that th Unif-d Unif-d states out-ido the .-;i-u,. would be a greater bulwark for the peace r.f the uorld than if it were "submergt-d in the U-r-dgn con of th h-ag-u." c. Tf., "erred To the United Statrs an th Rraf-e' Rraf-e' asset for prac" in the world, and said-"Thew. said-"Thew. tuitions into whose power v.e are jt bout to i.-:o our.-!w-.-, owe n - t.-n l-"!he.;.M of riohars." and a-kd whv the I m'e.i s;ru shouV j)Jt it.cif into the hands of :., d-'brors. .Senator J.,hii.-ot, will have ;, nonn S;;p:.-day he will sp.-ak at Madison SMuar warden, Xcw y,,rk Jify bl.fr,. is trnM' I.,:,.. I.,.- i.!.li.-:.n I''V- ,' :; j..a.-r '''ii t ,nii I :' I " 1 1 iik Til t H- ' t-V t-V I ' n " h ' ' c J I !''' ! r :' mm- im1m I" inif'I-!,'.,. inif'I-!,'.,. ,,v'i,- t v Ki-'"M' "'' ri... ,. i .-i.iii.-xi i .inri'-: the lr.'m, i,: III" n;,i,lu.r. Dm !''!' t., , . . ;., ;iv iih. I h I rciml'li': i .. ,, :lv.f. f.,r ii r.-piil.ll llwit ""' hr.-ivi- l,(.v in khaki yj gloriously uplK-ld in lii'- :ihi tiu) yiiir.H. Tim lsu". iiiv r j i . t i . I . is a.ii.t!'-;i. hi.'I. ! l:mk 'j'xl, wo ;in- y! Aili'Ti'-nns ill iiiis l:uni. U ro-lout," ro-lout," 'I :i:i'kii. '-.) to il"rl:;i. vrmr K'""l I'Mth I" humanity or to olvillZMll.ni. Von Ii.ivi- a .iiiiv. You wisn In. vi; nr,yi-.i In tin- fii.l -hat whMi (lofl ban qivi-n ns in Iiiis val Ian. I, you who Inn'.: .njoy'-l 111" .r..inisr of Alnnr-iiv.n Alnnr-iiv.n lifit, you have an i.Mia.n vi an. I a duty, too. a n. I this- is lo pass on this I'lomiNi: of Aini-rioan llfo, iinlaint'-'l an.i iihsiilli.ai anil nut ou.-lu 'l, to your ciiil'lr.n amt to your e!iil.lr"n's' rhil'ln-M. (Aj-plaus.:. (Aj-plaus.:. Aral It in for this that pl-:nl Willi you tonight. It is for this thai Hi" smial" of thn I'nltwl Stati-s la pl".i.liin; Willi the nation lo.lay. 1 have lioaial of n."ii in tin-past tin-past who put th-ins"lv".s In tin. haials of their ""UiLors. 1 n.-vor yt.-t liavo h.-.r. of :i man wiio put liimsfcif in the hands of his ip-hlors. And whilR I do not put my optiosiiion to tills l-a(,'ii" upon matorial mat'ors In tho main at all, wp havo a rit-'ht to n-menthar that those natiins Into whoso power '-are '-are ahout t" hard rnrrsilyp.s, ow. to us $lil.miii,(ii'o,fion, .fin. ..i..li.iu,o(.(.1 taken from our tav payerM. duui.la-ss rk'htlv. In t!i" last three years, hut th.-v own us neve--Ulel.-SM $10. lien. I. DO, (I. III. an'l what folly It is from a huslm-ss man's f.oint of -iew. from any man's, point of view, to put ourselves In a position where wo even may he e'.n-trolled e'.n-trolled or illreeted hy those who occupy th's position unto ns. The question that I raise to you and the ri'(iilred ovur in timL tcrrl Lory. "N nioi-o Itluikl-cljiii l)on ft's Out Hi-h." Why today tli-T hit I n Uumsaiul kliakt-cliui kliakt-cliui lioy.s catiiiK tlf-lr ln-ai-tw out nv.-r In SRmm-Iu, 1'ilUini; a v;ir uiidL-rlurud anl uudiHi-loMi-d. (( Yti-n vi " ' t h Idt 1 linn home." You're rint, you're rU-ht, they ouht to he brought hoinc, mid under the iToyiflcnct; dt" (j od t ht-y aro K"i"K: 1l! brought htme. ( Applaustr. ) Now this Is apart from my question of iSolyhevlsm, or any funtasiie and idloilf doctrine that Ih helnpr att.jmpted there That Isn't the qtK'Ktton at all. Hul it' , ou ea a send American boyct, 11 hoilt . your eonKrosH'H direrthm and In violation ! of your eonsiliutlon, Into one land, you 1 can send them into another, and when that kind of precedent la permitted In this country there Is an end of liberty In this country. (Applause.) "No more khald-clad lny abroad." Oh. ye mothers moth-ers who have been tricked into advocacy of this Itritlsh document that ia denned onlv to embroil us in all future wars. "No more kliakl-clad boys across the sea." At the very time that tho president was talking that to I lie people of this nation, upon our desks In the m Hilary committee of the United States senate was his military program for next year, under the League of Nations. And his military program for next year was a standing nrmy of 676,(0 men, costing substantially a billion dollars per year, four times a a man v men, four times as much money, as any time in our history In peace: and not only that, not only that, but nlneteen-ye;ir-old conscription for three months of the year as well. (Cries of "no, no.") Military Program Outlined. That Is the military propram under tliis beneficent I-,eaue of Nntions, oh ye women. That's the military program thut the ad mln 1st ration presents today to the congress of the I'nited States. Do you realize It? Such a program as never was present cd before in our history. his-tory. And when Senator Frf llnphuysen asked General March, the chief of staff, ''How ninny men do you require under Arrh-le X of the T,eapiie of XatiotiH to fulfil! our obligations'.'" General Mar'-.i answered r am speaking by tiie record, 1 am speaklnp the facts as testified to, and In the record General March replied, re-plied, "Under Article X. if all the other nations of the earth fulfill their obligations, obliga-tions, we can get alons with 500, wO men.' That is your leapuf of nations In peace. That Is the idea under the lapue of nations. na-tions. No man can Kainsav these facts, none can deny them; and it is the facts, the inexorable facts that nnke the issue with Mr. Wilson r.nd confound him in this controversy. . "So more khaki-ci.ul bovs across the sea." They will be so i poirip. in streams, when you have und'-r taken the ohlipation to defend the territorial integrity in-tegrity of every nation on the face of tin: earth, and when you take your nation, the frrentest asset for peac-;- thnt this world ha.- and throw it into the simmer-iiip. simmer-iiip. malodorous caldron of European and Asiatic diplomacy. U- S. Vote Insufficient. What do you suppose the eil.t foreign nations, with their dreams of ambition, are polnf? to do a pa In si oi:r one vote ? What do you lmapine Is poii-p to happen when we put our fate in the hands of foretpn nations? We are different from them, my friends. We arc different from them. It Isn't that we are any better; that isn't the. point at all. Wo are different. dif-ferent. Tiie men who have come here and mnde tills nation their homes, thowo who are born here, have a promise In American Hfo that no other country on the face of the earth plvcs to Its people. Will you t brow th:i t pronil.su of A mericfi n life awav, or will vou let It po to your children chil-dren and to your .-hildren's children as it has come to' you from your fathers? That is the problem presented In this preat contest tor our nation's sufety and the preservation of all we hold dear In this UMld. oh, ye men and women who are striving onlv tiuit the rluht may bo done, ye who want only what is just In all this world, ye who want to preserve the peace of the world, can't you understand that the ; Ki eatest aeset for peace there Is In all this world is our preat, Htronp, virile, solvent democracy, the only one that God has ever permitted really to survive? Our Keeat nation Is the one preat asset for peace there Is In all this world, and when you take this nation and submerpe it In foreipn control, make it one of nine In a secret council at Geneva, you destroy the very thiup you want to preserve, the preatest asset for peace there Is on all the earth. (Applause.) I would like In this last evenlnp of this Itinerary to talk to you at greater lenpih upon vary 1 up subjects in this covenant. If I have said enouph to make you understand under-stand some of i Is da npers, some , of Its perils, some of the reasons why we are strlvinp with all our imnt lo preve.it Its adoption in its present form, my evening eve-ning will not have been In vain. j Immortals Cry Against League.' This thinp that comes to us, my friends, conies to us In violation of all our tradtlons; all the palaxy of Immortals In this land crv in spirit apainst it today, to-day, not only the first of those who saved this nation to us, but every succeeding man by whose name we have conjured In (he past, whose spirit has been with us in national crises, all, all alike, warn us of the danper, warn us to retain our nationalltv and to retain our republic In its pristine ability' and with, Its pristine power. Kvery man from Washlnpton down, every president, even unto the present president in 1 !i 1 1 and JDK, have utt-red the same waminps to the penp'.e of this la nd concern! np alliances with Europe. They are different, as I said a moment apo, from us. They want acquisition of territory. They wish new peoples. They have dreams of empire. We v: ant no new peoples. We ask no other territories. terri-tories. We have no dreams of empire. We are totally different. Not alone in national aspirations; we are totally d if-f-M-enr in the very life we lead, fn many respect.?. Why po lo tiie uncertain? Why take the perilous path, when the rath that you have followed has led you not only to plory and to prosperity, hut to heinp a better nat ion, the preat idealistic nation na-tion in all this world? Why throw it awav at the behest of any man or of any 'individual wiio has established himself him-self as neither a wise counselor nor a safe pulde? (Applause.) U. S. Duty Gear. ' Why po into the uncertain from the certnm? Stabilize the world? Not at till, mv friends. Go to these who need your help. All rlpht, hut po yourself, as yourself, your-self, at your own time, your own nation, na-tion, your own way, American. It isn't necessary that you throw your fortunes to the rest of the world In order constitution has the sole power to de-chire de-chire war tv authorize the employment of military n nd naval forces of the I'nited States,' shall by act or joint resolution so declare." Reads Reservation. This means just I his. It, means that the power of conpress shall he unimpaired concernlnp the military and naval forces of the United states; that they .shall not be used the military or naval forces of the United Stales without joint resolution resolu-tion or act of conpress. That la all It means. Now follow the president's words In construing this particular reservation: "Now, my follow citizens" then there was applause, quite, I take it, like tho applause we heard a little while apo. Laughter.) Then he added, "Now wall a minute, you want to applaud that? Walt until yon understand the mean I up of It, and if you have a knife In your hand with which you Intend to cut out the heart of this covenant, applaud, hut If you want this covenant to have a heart In It and want to to have a purpose In it and want it to he somet hlng subscribed to by a red-blooded nation, withhold your! applause. Understand this thinp before, you form your sentiment with regard to : It. This la a rejection of the T-ovenant. This Is an absolute refusal to carry any, part of the same responsibility that the other members of the leapue carry." Approves Reservation. Now, do you realize the slpnlfirance of that ? He says that if your conpress is to control your armed forces. If the constitution con-stitution still has Its beneficent folds above us, If the American people still have the right through their representatives representa-tives in conpress to control t heir own , blood, he says, this cuts the heart out of the covenant, and I say, if it cuts the heart out of this covenant, let us cut the heart out of lt.( (Prolonged applause and cries of "We want that reservation. "" Now, 'do you realize the cold significance signifi-cance of what he then said? Pon't you understand that If his construction is that your constitution cannot be invoked, don't you understand that If his construction construc-tion of this covenant is that your congress con-gress has not the power over your armed forces, then his construction is that, under un-der the leapue of nations, the leapue of nations has the power over your armed forces, and your league of nations controls con-trols your future destiny, and this must not be, ye gods. (Applause and cries of "no, no.") This Issue Is made so plain now that none can misunderstand it longer. All must realize just exactly what It is. H Is the old constitution. It Is the old Stars and Stripes, It is the old representative government, it Is America after all that is in the. balance in this preat fight: America and our republic against eight foreign nations sitting in secrecv over In Geneva. That is the Issue. The president presi-dent chose in Salt Eake his side. We, who are Americans, choose our side. (Applause.) (Ap-plause.) Now, one other an Meet very has! 11 v. The sentiment in the hearts of women !n this great movement in behalf of an endeavor en-deavor to prevent war. is that the lads no longer be sent over the sea. They don't want, and naturally don't want, that there shall be continuous war. They wish, naturally wish, no more than I. however, that there shall ever be a cessation of hostilities among men; and if It can be demonstrated to you that this covenant means not that we are polnp to prevent war. hut that we are goinp to meddle and muddle, and be concerned In every war from now on if the current events, the every day's happenings prove tills to you who are mothers In this land, you cannot be for this leapue of nations, no matter what power is behind It. no matter what prejudice urges It forward, and no matter mat-ter what races or what governments may insist that we shall adopt it. Ixok what Is transpiring today. This proves your case; you need ro more. The president says, "No more khakl-clad hoys across the sea." As I came througr-Omaha througr-Omaha the other night I saw the recruiting recruit-ing signs upon tiie denot there, the great lighted recruit intr signs, "."u.Of.n men wanted for service in Europe." This under un-der a lea gue of nations. "No more khaki -clad rovs across the sea." (Laughter.) Why, the other day ther. came under the ocean to us Just a flash from foreipn lands. "70"'O khaki-clad hoy? ordered from America over to Silt-si a to police a boundary and coal mines there." We asked the secretary of war. "What does this mean?" He said. "I don't know, hut I will cable to Europe and ascertain." as-certain." (f-aughter.) And he cabled. He cabled across thn water, and then he rero-ted: "Yes, seven thousand American boys have been ordered or-dered from this side over to Silesia to patrol coal mines and police that territory terri-tory under the order of the council at Paris," which is the league of nations sitting sit-ting there today: nothing ele than That. (Cries of "Gotten; rottenest tiling ever heard of.") The other day we read of marines being be-ing landed in Trau. in Dalmatl?. They were landed in a dispute between Italians, Ital-ians, which didn't concern us at ail. We asked the secretary of the nr vy, " Whar does thlB mea n ?" lie sa Id, "I don't know. I'll cahie to Europe and ascertain." ascer-tain." ( Laughter.) And he cabled to Europe, arid then he reported: "Yes, American marines have been landed at Trau, In Pairnaila ; they drove the Italians out ef the city; t'.u-y had no casualties, but they did It u r.der the order of the secret council si' ting at Paris." That Is the present league of nations. And he added, too, "This is part of the territory that America has been given to police." That is the league of nations, my friends. "No more khaki -clad boys across the sea." Yankees Still on Rhine. Why today there are thousands of boys upon the Rhine, to remain over for fifteen fif-teen years in the future under the very terms of the treaty, and under the terms of the treaty, until we are Inex tricably interwoven with the affairs of central Europe, and our troops will be Son makes v DRIVE ON PACT -dl-rom Page Fourteen.) ...rinir tho ilnys of May nnrt June , a""' thi,h. Krmiml went wA whon Americans fiRht for .-uae nml bci-niise America hnd nierH''1 - .. th ocenalon ever stmll GoA 'blcl-they l,nfrtrX In like f.ishion. with Irresls-) Irresls-) forV o certain and .leflnlte victory. ti require ami we reoutre. in order to ber7utv to all the world unto all our ' i. no'leiiKiie of nations. Vhr they require, nor we require. In n-t we may piny our part In the , world drama today or tomorrow or few vears or the next century iv'p shall be put under the direction Tintrol or recommendation of nine peo- - tin in secrecy at -Geneva, elsht of " I re foreigners. We can be just h"Vis mv friends, and bciiiK just R1trI.-lnV we can play our part better ; 7:;:V 'for America, but for the whole id "oo (ppiause.) t have no racial prejudices. I have no -limes tio hostility, no prejudice of any ! V-aint anv land, any government, -SViv' people. I want to live on terms nmftv and friendship with ail Peoples ,d w'th all governments and with all I want to live In resourceful com-' com-' nk-atlon-with every people on the face the earth. I want to be friendly with 1 i want entanfflluK alliances with none earth. (Applause.) I want that we shall play our part and want to play our part aa the one jrreat ant of democracy upon the face of the ir-Ji rather than as a subordinate of Siemen, eight of whom are foreigners, "ttlng at' Geneva, or sitting In the coun- of the leaRue of nations. axire Immensely the great British ition I admire Immensely the tremen-ius tremen-ius sacrifice and the (Treat battles they ve recently fought In this awful war. admire their premier and I doff my hat him in that sincere admiration for his Siemendous accomplishments at the peace ble at Paris. I can see his exaltation i td I can understand and sympathize ' t'n It, when he told his parliament he 'kd added to the great' empire of Great n -ira'r.. whose possessions reach around e'world, SCO. WO square miles' of terrl- 'ry and hundreds of thousands of human , lntrs. i I can understand his pride and exalta-m exalta-m when thus announcing to his parlia-nt parlia-nt his gieat accomplishment and hlevement at the peace table, and I n understand, although I will not he a : rty to It, his exaltation when he took ; e one great solvent going national con- ; ilrn on earth your country and mine d made It guarantee under a league of; i tlons the Increased boundaries and the, ded peonies to his great empire. can understand all this in Lloyd rge, and I can understand his boast , . the Britishs parliament that It Is now lranged so that at the commencement of , lis next war the United States of Amer- j jli would come in automatically. ! raises Lloyd George. j can understand all these things and I j n concede the greatness of a premier l.'io can do these things, but while recog-rinff recog-rinff what he has done, and while real-ng real-ng his preat power and accomplish- jnt, I will not permit my nation to ; arantee that accomplishment for his ! Tltory. nor w'.U I permit the lads of ; s land. I I can prevent it, guarantee- ; with their hiood all that he took from i it peace conference. (Applause.) I s'ot alone have I mentioned the accom j shments, the sum total of George's ac-npllshments ac-npllshments there. Not only did he add . i territory, take the additional people, t only did he put upon us the burden ir.ain'talnlng his boundaries for all time come, but he did another thing as well. . looked at the league of nations. He s going to take no chances upon that ! gue, and so when It came to member- ; p within the league and voting power j :hin it, he took six votes for Great .tain and generously gave us one. Now, lon't frame him. don't biame the statesmen of other mtries at all for being nationalistic and liking of their country. I admire the t they were thinking alone of their own Hon, but I may be pardoned, may I not. i you may be pardened, for thinking of lr nation alone in a crisis such as this. , -pplajse). f the gentlemen on the other elde of 1 water show conclusively their design be their national greatness and power, rrandizemtnt and prosperity. why )uldn't we, as Americans, think of lerlca and our republic and its future 1 Its destiny? And that Is all themem-"S themem-"S of the United States senate who nre -wslr.g this league p.re thinking of to-r. to-r. mnged Attitude of U. S. That strange times have ve fallen upon late? Why. I could stand upon the eet corner and tell you the . woes of mania and have a sympathetic ear. I -lid stand in any place within your commit? com-mit? and talk to you of Czecho-Sio-(la, Esthonla, Lithuania, Finland, of b!a, and you would listen to me with T great interest, but it has become, ei:larly enough, in the eyes of some ffspapers and in the eyes of some men, has become a reproach today to stand 'or what Is solely and only American. applause.) twi what we are trying to arouse In the P.e of this land again Is the spirit that latent In every man and woman who allegiance to the old Stars and Ipes. We are striving to arouse again 1 't patriotic fervor which will make J mi think of their land, not selfishly ungenerously In respect to others, but "5 of their land Just as those who m other climes think of theirs. ot long ago in your city the president the United States Intimated (applause) - to hear this thing. It was said the ier day in Ardmore, in the state of laaotna, there were men who claimed oe idealists, who denied a senator of Lnited States the right of free dis-'n dis-'n In that place; did It on the 'una of partisanship (applause). And jjji g.ad to hear men who claim to be lists men who claim to want to be r and square, men who claim to be-" be-" In free speech, men who assert they ihVev the fatherhood of God and nerhood of men I like to hear them and cheer and cheer, so that thev ' "reak up a meetirtK, If they can. tidi' m frlends. lf you want to. I am ""ng nere as an American in opposl-(applause). opposl-(applause). tVou know, my ". in the eyes of these cheering i men 11 is a reproach today to he American. They are pro-British to-' to-' (applause). It Lake Speech Recalled. my friends, we will pass on. th ,?r,tIay ln Salt !'ake the president i r L.n.'ted States said that those who 'hf other side of ths queston rmJ !nferenee, at least, we are pro- Cheer, you men, If you dare ml '. The 0,her dy 1" Columbus th , " wh0 wre the blue, the old bovs ,, rand Army passed their resolu-, resolu-, ti, Jna,nlmously against the league of -a r's,,(aPnlause). The other day In ;1,nt.. men who wore the Ithakl lr r ! American Legion, passed ' resolution against the league of na-- hi?. P lailse)- Today In San Francisco nis. W v have Kne "-broad fighting Un , re Passc(' 'heir resolution ii ih, "'ague of nations (applause), res .n8.'1 ''vcn ye Pro-British, who Vhe 0,rt Grand Army men or "ans? (Applause.) rHW.wl" pass frora thIa very yh-lZ e of blends who have been -yit mi mm'elves here I hope thev t cont.i,."1 ,t0 you tnat Uoyd eorge, acn ,L.twl,h aH that "e had done In k slv ,lon of territory and the like, Vp ... "tes !or the Ilrltish empire and Wausenk, Cheer' e British, cheer e In in x votes were taken to our e toM fKteat '"Tue of Nations. We & oi , thls Is of no consequence ,,,! nrLC 'mnortance. We are told bv e DhH "l that he views It with abso-. abso-. jTO'iosophy and that he cares nothlng if vou.6 t0 us snbstantlallv that these 3" Mil In ??n nevor 'I'tO except one of I the council. The others iran J only he heard In the nsnmnhv, nn.l he tells ns thut the only jmrt of tiie League of Nutlony which ha vlrtlltv uml power Ih the council, while the n.ssemMv has no virility, no power, and Ih a mere 'debating society; and thiin he accepts with philosophy philoso-phy six votes for Britain ami one for us. Attacks Wilson's Explanation. Ills explanation Is Inaccurate in the firnt place, and In the second place In tho council, where he aays resides the virility and the power of tho J.eaKue of Nations, he himself has written to tho premier of CnnmU that Canada as a flelf-ovfrninK- dominion of the Ilrltish empire em-pire may it upon that council. At tho very time almost that he was telling us that It made no difference because tho assemhly alone could ho the depository deposi-tory of five of these votes. hi letter was heliig rend ln the Canndlan parliament which determined the right of the British Brit-ish colonies to sit upon the council. In explanation of the league, let mo liken It lo a corporation with vou. In I a. corporation the executive hod- Is the board of directors, and this board of directors di-rectors does generally the executive work. The repository and the reservoir of power, however, la the hodv of stockholders stock-holders in tho outer part of tho corporation corpora-tion ever retaining Its power and Its hold there. In the league of Nations1 the inner governing body Is a Ixxl v of nine, called the council, five of whom ! are permanent, four of whom are tern- , porary. the four being selected hv the ' assembly from time to time In its discre- 1 tion; and the outer body is the assemblv w.ilch Is the reservoir of power finally of the whole league. The president insists the assembly is a mere debating society and that in this debating society there can be no harm done by having: the colonies of Great Britain have stx votes, whereas I say to you almost contemporaneously with his explanation to the American people this letter was read by Premier Borden to the Canadian parliament: "The question having been raised as to the meaning of Article IV of the league of nations covenant, cove-nant, we have been requested by Sir Robert Rob-ert Borden to state whether we concur In his view that upon a true construction of the first and second paragraphs of that article representative of the self- I governing1 dominions of the British empire em-pire may select or name members of the council. We have no hesitation In expressing ex-pressing our entire concurrence in this view. If there were any doubt it would be entirely removed by the fact that the ! articles are not subject to a narrow or j technical construction. Signed, Clemen-ceau. Clemen-ceau. Woodrow Wilson. Lloyd George. I Dated at Paris the 6th day of May, 19t,9." i Colonels May Be Members. I So that you observe under the decision 1 of the big three the British colonies may . be members of the council, and when you j concede that right once you cannot after- , wards, no matter whether you have the power, you cannot afterward arbrtrarily and unjustly deny that right; and that right Is conceded by the letter of the three who constituted the great govern- J Ing power of the world at the Paris peace conference. So that if upon the council of the i league of nations, there should eit not ! only one, but three, votes of the British colonies and the British empire, the dif- ference, of course, will at once be obvious ob-vious to you, and the disproportlonable-ness disproportlonable-ness in the voting power is plain; and when the president was asserting that this could be done, or the votes could be had only In the assembly, here was the proof positive of his error, and that error is over his own signature and the difference dif-ference Is (applause) very, very plain. But again he errs when he says that the assembly has little of moment, nothing noth-ing of vitality or power, because the assembly as-sembly has concurred Jurisdiction with the council In any matter affecting the peace of the world, which means, of course, any conceivable matter international interna-tional which may arise. Again, suppose there shou'.d he a difference dif-ference between the United States and one of the British colonies. Either party may take the dispute under the league to the assembly. When the two disputants get into the assembly each must stand aside, neither Is permitted to vote, nut remember a denial to the contrary notwithstanding not-withstanding that, when this occurs between be-tween one member of the British Empire j and ourselves, the other five members of j the British Empire can vote upon the dls- pute, with the result that upon the par- j ticular controversy we cannot vote at ail, and five votes can be cast on our own ; controversy which most nearly concerns I us by the British Empire. Fights for Privilege. Of course, Lloyd George spent two months fighting for this privilege because it wasn't of any consequence and could not be of any Importance! (Applause.) That is perfectly plain to everybody, but what sort of an American Is it, what kind of a man Is it that Is under the Stars and Stripes, that Is willing In a partnership that his country may have with any nation na-tion on earth to gK'e that nation six votes and take one for his own country. (Applause and crys of "rotten, rotten".) That kind of an American Is beyond my ken, my friends. I am not that kind of an American. (Applause and cries of. "Neither am I.") It is a challenge to our self-respect. It Is an insult to our patriotism that any such membership, disproportionate as this is, should be endeavored to be foisted upon us. and I think, my friends, that we may say to you that there !s a reasonable possibility pos-sibility in the United States senate of changing this outrageous voting assembly. assem-bly. (Applause.) The senate has but one design in this contest. It desires only to safeguard you, your liberties, the rights and the liberties of this nation. You may have a very poor opinion of the United States senate. You may think it talks too much and does too little. You may be Irritated and Indignant with it at times, but I tell you that today it stands as the bulwark of your liberties In this matter. (Applause..) Praises Senator Smoot. And while I am speaking of the United States senate, I want to say a word of praise for the senior senator from the state of Utah, Reed Smoot. (Applause.) I have learned to know him, not only as a man of rare ability, but as a man of indefatigable in-defatigable Industry. I have seen him In This struggle. I know that only after careful study and mature deliberation he has reached his conclusion, and I am glad here in his own state to add my meed of praise to his attitude for the valiant and the brave stand and the good work he is doing in the United States senate. (Applause.) (Ap-plause.) Now, If therewere any questions about what the covenant of the League of Nations Na-tions is; If there were any doubt about the issue which has arisen in this land, it was set at rest when the president spoke in Salt Lake a short time ago. He then made plain just exactly what this Issue Is. Any man may know It now, none can say he misinterprets H, none can say he misunderstands It. He made it so plain that he who runs may read, and I intend to make it plain to you tonight so that you may understand Just the Issue he then made, and that you may intelligently take your stand upon the one side $ the other. In addressing you here he held aloft a reservation that lie said was ahout to be- or had been presented in the United States senate. A reservation Is a mere design upon the part of the designer so to state the meaning of a particular clause of tills covenant that there can be left no mistake, in respect to our' nation na-tion or in respect to other nations. This Is the reservation thfn read. Follow me, pleane; It Is exceedingly important, because be-cause for the first time in this discussion discus-sion he marie plain then his construction of the covenant of the League of Nations, Na-tions, and lie made plain the issue now pending before the American people. As he came across the continent and swept down the Pacific coast he was ever denying that the power of congress was impaired In any degree under Article X of the covenant of the league. When he reached Salt Lake he sang another song and he told another tale, and he hold aloft this reservation and read it to the people here. Follow the reservation : "The United States assumes no obligation under the provisions of Article X to preserve the territorial Integrity or political Independence Indepen-dence of any other country or to interfere inter-fere In controversies between other nations, na-tions, whether members of the league or not, or to employ mll'tiiry and nnval forces of the United States under any article Tor a ny pur-pone, u nleps in s ny particular case congress, wnicii under the PACT ATTACKED (Continued from page Tifeteen.) ment of the league, which he refused to adopt In the present form, which, he said, imperils the republic. Congress was not ready to take the dictum of any man repardinp the loatrue, he said. The old war-worn epithet of pro-German had been applied to those in opposition opposi-tion to the league by its advocates, Senator Sen-ator Johnson said, but he f erred to the fact that the A. II. til Columbus had adopted resolutions against it, as had the American legion local at Kansas City and the local at San Francisco, according to his statement. "Does any man, president or otherwise, dare say that the boys in blue or the boys in the khaki were actuated by pro-German motives in opposing the league?" the speaker asked. The speaker then referred to the national na-tional propaganda as was carried on by the government during the war, which waa engaged in repressions and suppressions. Treaty 13 Discussed. "When wo begin to analyze the league we beg.m to understand some of its infamies," in-famies," Senator Johnson said. "The treaty presented to us was the secret treaty entered into at Pari?, and one regarding the disposition of the lands and peoples. Under the ltugue we guarantee them for all times. "When the president went abroad and presented the principles fundamentally as ' we s:;w them, and which were from out of the bloody welter of war, we were to yee the principles emblazoned in covenants of peace. Hut we only saw the peace written behind closed doors. "One ronr from the British lion on the freedom of the seas, and you heard no more of it. The talk of the president of i the self -fie termination of nations was ' abandoned and we heard no more of it. Then w heard of the infamy of Shantung. Shan-tung. We heard of the territories given to nations, but out of this war only rome one not-profiting1 nation the United Sta tes." The speaker referred to the president "riding a rainbow," and not getting dow n to the discussion of the treaty without hastiness. Ha eaid he did not ypik dis-paringly dis-paringly of ine president, but when the president stands between the senator and the Stars and St ripes, Senator Johnson said, "the president arouses the blood of Americanism." He termed T'rsldent Wilson's presence in Tans as sitting in at the other fellow's fel-low's gam, a nd ref-'rred to what the fellow generally got while sitting in auch a game. Speaks of English Votes. He referred to th question of England's six vots and America's one, and paid tribute to Iloyd G'-orK as a statesman. He said Anu-rU-a should hav employed Lloyd George to represent this country. He said that there wa one man In the senate who was going 'to insist upon Fix votes or equaJ representation for the United States with Great Britain. The breaking of fai:h of the Unite States with China by giving Shantung to Japan wa-- rf'-rrd to by th; snraker ai a rase of buig arv. He njr America nt I not ned-to go into partnership with a burglar if it ran not re prevented. He r'.f'rre0 to the fart that the pre !!.-!, t ?a!d China ro'dd take th- question to the rouncii and have it adjutd. The .nenator pa id Chi na would not have mu'h rha nm of adjustment with the council which had given Shantung to Japan. |