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Show fiOTEO ENGINEER SPEAKS HERE ON PREPAREDNESS William L. Saunders, Member Mem-ber of Naval Consulting Board, Addresses the Bonneville Club. PAYS HIGH TRIBUTE , TO UTAH'S GREATNESS Industrial Preparation, He Declares, Is Greatest of All Factors in Safeguarding Safe-guarding Nation-wit Nation-wit h industrial preparedness, the United States, with a fair-sized army and a respectable navy, can be effectively effec-tively safeguarded against the world, declared William L. Saunders, "well-known "well-known engineer and member of the naval consulting board, in an address here last night before the Bonneville club. j Industrial preparedness, said the distinguished dis-tinguished visitor, was the greatest of all factors in the safeguarding of the nation. To such preparations Mr. Saunders ascribed the wonderful showing show-ing of the Germans in the present war. Great Britain and her allies, he averred, were not prepared, and had it not been that they were able to buy munitions and supplies in the United States, Germany Ger-many would have whipped them long ere this. Mr. Saunders spoke of the preparedness prepared-ness inventory being taken by the naval na-val consulting board, and remarked that 40 per cent of Utah's industries hail already sent in their replies to the board. Utah Furnishes Sinews. "One of tho Utah members, Mr. Ilanchett, remarked to me, ' ' said Mr. Saunders, "that Utah was not primarily prima-rily a manufacturing state. That is true, but it must be remembered that Utah furnishes the very sinews of war, the very things that are used in manufacturing. man-ufacturing. I believe we sometimes underestimate the value of the mines, but it is because of her mines that the United States is the greatest industrial nation iu the world. Germany and Great Britain are about even, but the United States is ahead of thpm.'' Mr. Saunders said he bad heard in the cast that the west was opposed to preparedness, but added that he had not found it so. The west, he said, seemed as much alive to its importance as the east. From time to time Mr. Saunders was halted in his forceful sentences by applause. ap-plause. Particularlv did his hearers i applaud when Mr. Saunders stated that the basic idea of preparedness in this country was " Peace. " This, he said, was as good and just a cause as that of the Crusaders of a thousand years ago. ' ' And let us resolve, ' ' he said impressively, as he neared the close of his address, ' ' never to have war except ex-cept to enforce peace.'' There was a burst of applause. Bonneville Club's Guest. Mr. Saunders was the guest of honor1 at one of the Bonneville club's din-j iiors. It. was held in the main dining room of the Hotel Utah, which was filled with representative business and professional men. of Salt Lake and many from Ogden. The mayor of that city, A. ft. Heywood, was toastm aster. At the conclusion of t lie dinner, served to the accompaniment of vocal and instrumental in-strumental music, A. N". McKay. Die new president of the Bormeville club, pave a brief Introductory talk, which concluded with tiie presentation of the toastinaster. Mr. McKay mr.de some remarks about the policy of the club. He said the club had never and would" never have as its dinner guests notables who spoke for hire. He paid that the other kind was some- j times hard to get, but that when none was available there was no dinner. "We never have speakers who live by their voices." he said. The club had tentatively tentative-ly arranged, he said, for subsequent, dinners din-ners tt which Frank A. Vanderlip, Lyman Ly-man .T. Gape, former secret a ry of the I reasury, and Tir. .1. A. Alacdonnkl of (Continued on Page Three.) ; ENGINEER GUEST OF BONNEVILLE GLUBJtrpiNNER Mayor A. R. Heywood of Ogden Toastmaster; Many Business and Professional Profes-sional Men Present. (Continued from Page One.) Toronto would be the honor guest. Then, with the observation that the Bonneville club was not exclusively a Salt J.ake institution in-stitution and that a number of active members lived in the neighboring and flourishing city of Ogden, President McKay presented Mayor Heywood of Ogden Og-den ae toastmaster. Speaker Is Introduced. Toastmaster 'Heywood said the principle princi-ple of preparedness was fundamental. Children are taught, he said, to be prepared pre-pared for life, and the same should be true of nations. He declared his firm belief be-lief that the people of the United States believed In. preparedness. "The people of this nation," he said, "will not be caught r- napping." The toastmaster introduced UMr. Saunders as a thoroughly informed Jr and well-known disple of the principle. Mr. Saunders's topic was "Industrial Preparedness." However, he began his address by poking good -humored fun at the picture of himself which appeared on the taatv menu cards. Mr. Saunders now looks a bit gray and grizzled. The picture pic-ture showed the guest a6 a bold, black-mustached black-mustached chap in the late thirties. Many people, continued the speaker, taking up his subject for the evening, had an idea that nothing had been done thus far with reference to industrial preparedness. prepared-ness. He sketched some of the things that have been done, including the sending send-ing of army and navy aviators to the Detroit auto factories to study gasoline engines, and said that there are now 40 per cent more submarine mines and 100 pr cent more torpedoes in readiness than when the naval consulting board began its swork. In a republic, where all things must be digested and then done by congress, people were likely to get impatient, he added. He said, however, the members of the board did not propose to be arrested arrest-ed by red tape; they would do things and then get the approval of congress afterward. after-ward. This enterprise tickled his hearers. Mr. Saunders's Address. Mr. Saunders then spoke as follows: The war in Europe has made it plain that a country possessed of lai ge natural resources in its mines, and with large manufacturing facilities, facili-ties, is built upon a foundation which makes it possible for that country to prosper in peace, to grow rich and to resist an attack from its enemies. It Is equally plain t-hat such resources, no mutter how grent they may be, will not afford protection unless they are carefully co-ordinated, made efficient ef-ficient and prepared through a process of mobilization in times of pence. It Una still further been made plain by recent events that the greater the industrial strength of a nation may be. the greater is the temptation which it offers to attack from without with-out Great Britain has always rec- ognized this in the strength of her fleet and Germany has recognized it in the strength of her army, both being be-ing large industrial nations. The United States, larger industrially than any nation in the world, has not recognized it either in its fleet or its army. Looking to the Future. This is not a question of transitory-importance, transitory-importance, but it should be viewed from the standpoint of future generations. gen-erations. Our duty Is not only to provide pro-vide strength through the power of what nature has given us and what the skill of our people has utilized and created, hut we should carefully J guard that which we have and so utilize It on the highest lines of efficiency ef-ficiency and economy that future generations may enjoy the peace and prosperity which we have, that the life of this country as a great nation f-;s v he prolonged. We hear a good deal about the onservation of forests n.nd waler powers, yet il is possible to renew our forests in fifty years, and water powers are everlasting works of na-tuie. na-tuie. In minerals, however, we hve a defined limitation. We are using up something which has been depos- ited through countless geologic ages. The tiling that we are using up Is something which is basic in tta importance im-portance for both peace and war. Just as the farm sustains life, so does the mine sustain industry. Tile farm Is capable of indefinite rotation and replenishment, but all our records of experience point to the exhauslibility of our mining deposits. Should Not Be Deceived. Let us not be deceived by the fact that ancient history records the mining min-ing and use of metals. Our ancestors did not live, work and prosper in an industrial age. They were an agrarian agrar-ian people, living from the earth, producing only a little more than they consumed. Metals were to them as jewels are to us- A Roman soldier retained his sword through life and transmitted it for use down to his descendants. In modern wars shells are consumed at the rate of 200,000 a day. The factory fac-tory system by which the labor element ele-ment is a fraction in productivity compared with what capital produces through machinery is less than 100 yesrs old. The T'nited States consumes con-sumes today about sixteen pounds of copper per capita per annum. The consumption of copper in the entire continent of Asia is only a fraction of a pound per capita. This is because Asia is not an industrial country. It Is In the position that the world was in one thousand years ago, and if Asia grows industrially the demand for copper and other metals present resources of the world. Increase Is Great. One hundred years ago the world's output of copper was only between 2000 and 3000 tons per annum. Today To-day the United States alone produces more than 500,000 tons per annum. One hundred years ago the world produced between 2,000,000 and 3.000,000 tons of iron per annum. The United States alone now produces pro-duces more than 26,000.000 tons per annum. One hundred years ago the. world produced about 50.000,000 tons nf coal per annum. The United States now produces about 550,000,000 tons per annum. Attention' is called to these figures, not as a n evidence of strength, but of weakness and danger. How long can t!m United States continue to sip-ply sip-ply that raw material which may be-called be-called the sinews of prosperity' in peace and nf strength in war. for we must not forget that in coat, Iron, copper and other metals America lends tine world? It is true that we are the largest consumers of our raw material, mate-rial, but that is only because we are th largest industrial nation. The progress of the world must, necessarily result in the creation of is Ijknly thai new mines will be discovered dis-covered and operated, yet. the tremendous tremen-dous demand, which is increasing by leaps and bounds, promises at no ery Tar-distant date to be in excess of the supply. Prices Will Increase. The first result of this si tun t ion will be an increase in prices. This in maleriale of such basic importance will act to restrain the progress of industry, and in (his we have the only compensating feature. Do we wish to restrain the progress of industry? Decidedly not. On the contrary, everything ev-erything should be done in the direction direc-tion of so reducing the cost of raw materials as to encourage industry. To make this point, more plain, lei. us look at the cotton industry: Two-thirds Two-thirds of the raw cotton consumed in the world is supplied by the I ' nited States. Cotton, being a product of the earth, is not exhausted at its source. U goes through a system of potation, the elements which we might call the raw material in its creation being supplied bv nature. This is nol so with our mineral products. We are drawing from a reservoir of limited lim-ited capacity, and just in proportion as we increase the draught do we multiple multi-ple still further the demand for more. fJermanv is a great iin lust rial tu-tion. tu-tion. being on n par in this respect with Kngland. each being less so than the United States, and these three hi3 the onlv great industrial nations of the world. Conserves Materials. r.ermanv is the only one of the three which conserves its raw material and its works. Germany has reached this advanced position in the remarka-blv remarka-blv short time of foriv years. In the six years biweeu fH3 and the production of iron in Germany increased in-creased from 5,01)0.000 to more lhan K.OOo.OOn tons, coal from 05.000.0no to 135,000,000 tons. During this period the consump! ion of iron in Germany rose from a Ml tie more than LO0 pounds per capita per annum to nearly 350 pounds per capita. These figures point to the reason why Germany hns( grown so rapidly in wealth. tt is 1 hrougb her prosress from an agricultural agri-cultural to an industrial state. Every Ev-ery year German peasants move from work on the land to the. factories In (he cities. Scarcely 25 per cent of the 67. 000. 000 of German people live on acriculturc. Now. Germain- is rich in coal and iron. So Intensively does she work her mines that for the immediate future fu-ture she has punugh coal. Notwithstanding Notwith-standing her care in the Iron field, it would a ppar t hat there Is n feeling of alarm lest the supply fall short. Supply Is Failing. Professor Ha user of t he University of Dijon says, in referring to her Iron mines: "I do not say she has exhausted, , but she Ltiii no lunger extract from thni the total amount of ore required re-quired bv her metallurgical works. Krupp is more and more dependent on Sweden. Spain. North Africa and France If anv doubt were felt of the part plaved hv economic causes in this war it would be enough to look at the picture of German victory as imagined by the Germans U is industrial vietorv, a forced marriage between German coal and foreign iron, the reduction of nations into vassals who are to play the part of perpetual customers . of the German w oi k ShItPhas been said that the German army went through Belgium because it was the shortest way to Paris. This may be true, but a reason of more Importance presents itself in that Belgium is rich in coal, iron and factories. fac-tories. They are now used foi the benefit of Germany and might nae been, used to supply munitions to her enemies. Most of the mineral wealth of France is laid in her northern boundaries, and these are now held by German v. The same is true ot French industries. Galicia is rich in oil, Poland in coal, and the largest iron deposits of Russia are in the Donetz basin, which borders on Poland. Po-land. Aim of Conquests. German conquests have, therefore, been directed to places where mines and factories are located, the plain Intent of this being to utilize these resources during war and to be 'in a position on the declaration of peace to retain some hold upon them. When the war broke out Germany s capacity in coal was perhaps equal to that of the allies, hut In iron and Jn industries her position was an inferior in-ferior one. Today her position in this respect is stronger than that of all the allies. Goal, iron and factories, if organised organ-ised and mobilized, are today real sources of military supremacy, just as much so as they are today the sources of industrial supremacy in peace. Just ae the human element has Ii ad to give way In Its effectiveness effective-ness to 'machinery, so has the valor of the soldier taken second place In importance to the volume of muni- , tions. Causes Identical. The causes which brought about the, change in both cases are identical, and it seems plain that tt is mainly because the allies have increased and standardized their capacity to supply munitions, and because they have the aid of the industrial resources of the United States, thus hringing them to a point quite equal to the resources of Germany, that the present war promises to result in a draw. Were Germany fighting Russia and France alone her preponderance of resources would have enabled her to- crush them. Having called attention to this situation, the natural question is: What is the remedy? Is it not plain that we need first an organized and centralized direction of our mines and industries? The government of the United States should not look to the ownership, but To the organization and direction and encouragement of the mines and industries. It- should stop waste by providing for co-operative work and even for combinations among all the natural resources of the country. Favors Fair Profits. Through proper supervision and direction di-rection the owners of these natural resources should- be permitted to make fair profits in the direction of efficient production and contrary to the scattered and now uncontrolled system of waste. The most valuable things which nature lias given us leading to prosperity and wealth are in a disorganized condition, working at loose ends, operated with the objective, ob-jective, in view of profit durin? the lifetime of the present generation only. The question naturally arises, How had this best be done? The answer is already given in the organization printed copy of which is before you. At the request of the president of the United States the five national engineering engi-neering societies, acting under the direction di-rection of the naval consulting board, have organized through iis boards in each stale and territory. These engineers, engi-neers, who belong to and who have been select ed by their respective societies, so-cieties, are at work'now upon a plan which is known as industrial preparedness. prepar-edness. Best Men Selected. The American Society of Civil Engineers, Engi-neers, the American Institute of Mining Min-ing Engineers, the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, (he- American Ameri-can Institute of Electrical Engineers and the American Chemical society have each selected a representative In each state and territory. They have selected their best men. Here we have a board of five engineers in each state and territory, these men having hav-ing at their command all the members mem-bers in good standing of these five societies, comprising more than 30,0tiO engineers, who have been called upon as field aiiis. This professional, non-pari isan organization or-ganization is unique in our history. Nothing like it has been know n be- lOl. 1 UK ut'i unit1?:- ui ntn-ii an 'i - ganization can scarcely be measured. mea-sured. It should he made permanent. perma-nent. Who but the engineer is qualified quali-fied to do effective work looking to the conservation of our natural and industrial resources? The engineer is, through I raining and experience, an executive. It is he who has built up these sreal industrial resources, hence we are safe in asking him to take care of them. Engineering has been defined as the art of organizing and directing men and of controlling the works of nature for the benefit of mankind. He works for reputation and results rather than for profit. His aim is to accomplish ac-complish the best results in the most economical manner, for this is the best engineeri ng. IFp Is engaged i n analyzing and putting to practical service ser-vice the hidden forces of nature. T,et the government and the congress con-gress take heed to the advice of this spleniid body of professional engineers and lH them do something more than merely tabulate our industries. They should stand as a reliable hodv to ; bring government and business closer together, nol on special, but. oh brond, j ; general lines. Through thisr organization organiza-tion let t he politician and the business busi-ness man co-opera te for the prcsen t and future safety and prosperity of our hid us! rics a nd for that men sure of peace in the nation, the enduring nature nf which now passeth all un-dcslanding. un-dcslanding. List of Guests. Those present were: Freeman Morningstar. Max Welt. IT. M. Chamberlain. .1. .1. Neville. Dr. W. H. RothweU. David A. Smith. Max Otten-helnier, Otten-helnier, Genrgp O. Relf. George If. Smith. .afavetle Hmu-hett, James H. Moyle, J. M. Callow, Oeorge W. Henilz, J. h. Gallslier. William T. Saunders, Mayor A. R. Hcvwodd of Ogden, A. N. MeKay, William Wil-liam M. Bradley, F. ('. Schramm. .1. H. lirown. Or. (". E. Carter. OeorBC Bacon, F. C. Richmond, Russel .. I rao, I,. H. Farns-worth. 1,. B. Swaner. .lames W Collins. Dr. A. N. Push. C. H. Pearsall. B. O. Howard. Dr. A. C. living. Professor Pro-fessor O. J. P. Widlsoe, Dr. G. Vv . Middle-ton Middle-ton 1' I-:. Young. K. M. Houston. Dr. ,1. F. Critchlow, M. M. Kaighn, II. T. Plumh, H Vv Dosclier, George Mueller, iMorilz Bamberger. W. fl. Child, O, K. Forrester, I, C Van Voorliis, K. A. Hnrtenslem, Tolm TT Walker, Edward .Uosenbamn. the Right Rev, Paul Jones, James D. Frnlien. Walter II. Dayton, nr. S. G. Kahn. Micr W. Hall, Stephen 1.- Richards, Claude Richards. Judge F. C. I.oofbourow. W. II. Fol-land, Fol-land, "Hiram K. Booth. Judge Morris U Ritchie. T. A. Williams, F. M. Orem, J. K. Jennings, E. B. Palmer, Preston P. Richards, II. . Whitney, Frank V . Moore C. Clarence .N'eslen. W. II. l.ovesy. A .1. Ridges. Dr. A. Ray Irvine. Horace B WhitTiev. Robert H. Butterfield, Robert Rob-ert V. iMcConaughv, Glenn It. Bothwell, Kean Miller. C. I.. Rood. I.ce Charles .Miller. John Cain 111. W. F. Adams, f-i,f.,,-,- inbii F Mac Banc. Charles R. Hollingsworih, William Story, Jr., E. A. Vandevenlcr, George E. Hale, F. W. 'Hornung, Noble U'anum, W. J. Browning, F.. A. Colbert son. C. A. Fails. W R Thurston, Pinion Bamberger, Afdiby Snow. Ileber .1 . Grant, W. T. Edwards, W. A. Needham. M. A. Romney, . S. Romnev. O. B. c.iisnn. Richard P. Morris. James J. Burke. John C. Bench, I.. H. Il-irding. I). G. Bollon, N. M. Hamilton, II. M. Roof. Frank A. Fisher. Karl D. Hardy, Culbert L Olson. Professor J. F. Merrill, B. R. Marlines U, Edwin T. Jones. F. D. Klllll-erlord. Klllll-erlord. Harold R. Smool. R. W. Jessup. T G Gliffin. Jav T. Harris, Harold P. Fabian. C. P. Ovcrficld. ". II. Trask, Jr., Frank B. S'teph"tis, W. II. Swunson. 11. B. Windsor, E. n. Bee. Dr. T. B. Beatty. Ill- F S. B'.tseoni, Bcn.iamin B. Riclt. Carl A. Badger. W. F. Earls. A. D. Pier-srin. Pier-srin. II. J. Froiselll, A. il. t.'owie. Lieutenant Lieu-tenant E Sanisclii. I". S. arniv; Will ii. Farrell. Sam R. Xeel. Ross Be.-i -son, S. Abbott Maginuis Daniel Alexander. Alex-ander. George S. Auerb.'ieh. F. A. 1'ruebl. C. C. Parsons. Jr.. B- S. Austin. W. F. Jensen. J. -M. Bnmbeiger. II. I.. Beach. A. I". Smilb. G. F. Thomas, Malcolm Mal-colm McAllister, Harry S. Anderson, Charles Tvng. W , S. McCornick, George F. Wasson. Jndgo T. L). Lewis, W. J. Barrel le. John Hern. C. F. A'lams A. C. Milner. George l Alder. B. F. Siegei. W. E. I-akc, George F. Merrill. Lewis Telle Cannon. Svlvester Q. Camion, Willard T. Cannon, c". R. Iliiwley. N. W. Clayton, II. c. Goodrich. A. H. Christ ense n, Charles L. Smilli. S. D. Evans. FreU E. Smith. Albert Al-bert Salzbreinier, R. VV. Voting. Jr.. R. W. Voug. W. X. William.-. B. H. Roberts. Rob-erts. Matboniloih Thomas. Glen Miller. Pr. Fred Stauffer. Dr. II. N. Mayo. F. P. Gallagher. C. Warwick. E. R. Gayford, Charlie Chaplin making love to Carmen in the Intrlerque on the opera oi j that name, coming to the Orphcuni a week Irom today. J F. Christiansen, A. F. Doremus, Professor Pro-fessor W. C. Ebaugh, Dr. It. . Allison, L B Wight. Dr. R. W. Ashley, Otto J. Jlonson, P.. E. Wight, Thomas Ramage, George C. Cowing. |