| Show C LER ATTRACTS ATTENTION AS ENEMY OF THE GRAPEVINE planta aota caused to present ragged appearance on account of bend tips resuming from attack of oc insect ilan has nen dean found in several states from missouri to pennsylvania I 1 11 f I 1 I 1 I 1 I 1 I 1 1 1 I 11 0 11 1 i 11 I 1 6 I 1 I 1 I 1 I 1 aill I 1 J I 1 4 1 I 1 il I 1 f I 1 II 11 11 1111 I 1 I 1 d I 1 11 1 1 1 I 1 I 1 1 I 1 I 1 I 1 I 1 I 1 i I 1 I 1 46 the Grape cane girdler a egg b larva c d adult a beetle girdling the can jut just below its iti egg the upper one of the twin hotel holes in the center of th the cane contains contain the egg all greatly enlarged by TOED E DROOKS BROOKS wt west virginia experiment station the grape cane girdler in IB an insect not often mentioned in entomological literature probably for the reason that in the past it same benna to have confined its it attacks chiefly to the plant known an virginia creeper or five leaded ivy quinque folla rod and has baa seemed therefore of 0 but little economic in te importance in this tate state it appears now to have developed a preference for the grape in III evral several localities I 1 have seen grapevines tl ng a ragged ap learance on account of the dead tips resulting irom from the insects attacks but I 1 have never been able to find either the beetle or evidences evidence of its work on the sp pcr Alciso w be regarded so as a pest or of very tiry ser louit ex except ept in rare latance ln tance but it has several limes attracted attention re aa an enemy of the grape grapa in this elate during recent years and heretofore but little has been known in regard to its ita habits habl tho the distribution of the species seems to be quite genral general throughout the eastern and vestern sections sect tons of the united states in 1862 1802 mr C V riley in his bis first report on art the nox lous loua insects of missouri mentioned it As aa forming galls on an the common creeper at about the same iam time air benj D walsh walh had of the tha insect in his bli collect collection loh tu in illinois marked Ala madaria Mad darus arua it was wab not until the year 1876 that a description of the beetle was published in that year dr john L conte demerl bed it in hla his work on the of america and gave to it the alio name which it still hearg bears le 16 corte conte div its geographical distribution as south ern and western states since the description iou was published the ercles has received but notice but has baa been recorded as occurring in pl overal states etalea from missouri to pennsylvania the wound which the beetle makes in ovi positing causes ciliated the tip and terminal leaves on tho the young cane to 0 o drop over and die dl and shortly afterward to fall from the vine the egg Is not carried to the ground with ith the h brunings when they fall but it remains in the vine and the larva which develops the feeds in the heart of the stump from which the leaves and tip were removed 4 it Is interesting to comparo acomparo the th methods of this Insect with those of other species that gardle twigs 1 or small email branches ID Iii order to kill 1111 or partly kill the wood in which their eggs are laid ant and lh lr larvae arvn are ar to feed the hickory chory hl twig girdler ancl deres EL a long horbel beetie beelie lays its eggs in the branches of hickory and mothr trees and ahen ah n girdles the aba branch blow below by cutting a deep groove with its it strong jaws ila BO that the branch above dies and Is fra re broken off by the wind tin elm twig gardler oberea ulm I 1 cola a beetle of the same family at attacks t acci elm in a similar manner the femah emal cuts cut a deep groove around a twig rc that it la Is easily broken olt off by the th wind below the groove she he cuts a sill in the bark and depo deposits an egg ant nn then moves further down the twig and an girdles it a second time now morel merell 3 cu cutting through the bark so go as to dand en the part above another of 0 tho the same earne genus known as the black berry cone cane girdler oberea lata cuts cuti a double girdle and lays lay an all egg between the two in a similar man ner in the young can i of blackbon black berr bom and raspberry still another long horned beetle the oak pruner ma ela Nillo suni lays its if eggs agga in flit branches of oak and other trees but I 1 leaves the th girdling to be done by its iti larvae in this case cabe the larva feeds feed in the heart of the twig until it Is nearly i full grown and then cuts the twig al most moat off at the lower end of its but bur row immediately after the cut it is made it 11 retreats into the burrow aboy abolt and waits for the wind to blow the twig to the ground where it completes complete its transformation within tho the burrow the adult of the raspberry cane maggot a two winged fly of the genbi i pharbia Ph orbia lays its egg near the tb tips ot 0 young raspberry shoots the larva which hatches batches enters the cane and after working its way downward for several inches it encircles th the e 0 shoot h 0 of several times with a spiral groove made just beneath the bark which kills the shoot above and tho the larva feeds feed thereafter on the dead wood the currant stem girdler janus in tiger a sawfly saw fly punctures tho the bark of currant bushes near tho the ends of grow ing tips with its sawlike saw baw like ovipositor and lays or ar egg in the just above the egg it girdles tho the twig by making several deep cuts with its ovipositor so that the twig breaks over the larva chich develops from the egg feeds on the pith of tho the stump there are other species that operate in a similar ganv r but the ones that have been mentioned will serve to show that the peculiar habit in one forn fona or another to Is shared by insect 5 belonging to widely separated groups it la Is interesting that so BO many species Bp eclea which in most respects do not resemble each other in the bast anil and which represent at least three orders have bays adopted some form of this peculiar way of providing for the safety and comfort of their progeny |
