Inter-Mountain Farmer | 1902-04-01 | Page 1 | For Grafting

1AS0N FOR GRAFTING. ' Top Grafting. H thins n iry to top graft B e la to r llr '0Im nI" tno jflr J h li should bo of Hi v, I of the llr.st Kl ISOIl's Mt n r t cut nt mi) time H j, s ( II in autumn until 'fc,ln m si 11 in tli Billing, ntfrcr I) ember li proba-H.Korihl proba-H.Korihl woik Phry Mlinulil Hy jb J n I pi kol In Bms taw iti nr mil In n rnol Hlth t nt 1 1 J to use Ihem, B i r, ordtng In thr kind nt E Intend to inak Th ip nro g-Kiotunl'lnf, ion anil stock irot mno I use 1 ore the IBi lihlprntl ml w ds,o nnd M bark grift i terlups tho Hittl to u when thr limbs nf '0 be graft I nr nil Inch o-Hametcr o-Hametcr a in n I (inl tlio l' anl r ) lut (infills of Vricl In uhl li to do I lie dtsclii ,1 t r ulti II irk an 6 , til) vih n the H ilip r r ' from the wood Happl l un I ch r lr Is nhoilL Hihe Irav i n 1 bins otns tiro tiap, ar ml In plums nftcr ll'hwts li e made rev rill IHfronth fne onl) tools nee-IB nee-IB a chirp thin I in id hlnded IHarruiIng rnv It oil hnn H'prunlng r iw nnd hnve only Hionnlof work to dn, nn nrdi Hian raw an wcrs very well r off nil th largj limbs from Bd a AAin - fnni the body r III nit In oer two Inches IHronolltr and on smaller IBhTt the nr ibout one Inch, H not to rpllt or Injure the H n with the knife mnoolh the faro S it (lit the bulk on 'Iheatub from the top down 'urth of an Inch nnd loosen n in this In i Ion placo the 1MB ihe idem nnd pudi ll down h. bark and the wood to the the cut aurfnee of the scion nba arc I rce tun or miro Hi l Ins rte I thereby nub Mfiilng- jour chances If one llncrou lm ilne the H hfil nior qulckl) If nil B I're r lens with Ihreo tta rloplni; nit of three-t) three-t) one In h lone; belnc; cire-te cire-te the r tri in itli nnd thin nmor the outer tnrk mIikmII) irii tii. d remnv utrr bark from the point of B but In r llmli 1 exptrlmeiit taron I f un I n iiinnll per 'i r nf tim r Ions which trd In thin j hut In remnv-uterKrk remnv-uterKrk 1 curcful to re m sn the tin nr nrt aB ,!) 11 ha r' Ip nf u ixu , t, m i h I I in, the mull in '"" to hold thi m Inn 1 J , i ir tic cut niirfiKo B" ine oir n it molstun In b iloth I r tjlnir tiro old calico uhi , ulll ilwnrh the reillljr m nrl ,, tho orthinr , p PW tbe rcmov 1 or It will pro-m pro-m on cjpinlln" un ler thnt lby thi , in, i Fu pt,(p4 "eortiiof I Btiuire which ml .?' '"" lnlT "nt wnx Wiy rum nt i un , )iy i limit tiuri Iiih wnx to Iim10 '.llc " " " w'll qliklyh n rxtoMMl to the 1 run be rtr ilKhtcned out ntoHrl,., when meile.l If H IrlM hero jlicltiK In the n,,,!1.'."1" In '"liled utrliiEB Mtto j moil m ' will 1 mor ajc V m ! for If t a Is H loth 7 ." hot """ l" J"1 ' mo ponniH nnd J "f !' mil ninlMiiio to H'9 li thpte i-( a kumiIiis of n'cl u h un It will '"''"'II openliiBH that Hut ..M"."1 w,,c,n ''" ,n Jr ful i mi .i,."11'! t bersttnx onu ni li 'T: 'ty w'oi'iV ) yrrn,"r rlo, M,doof " ,r. .I"" H.. ad lltlnn or H'v "th " '"' "u"'""r fe""1 ',- ''"' M'3H el i ,' '"If'lo ""I '"" llkln" '?") " l" t" H I nt f r , '" "l nno ,lmo iBarw, ! " ,n" nr8 HlnJ '', """ """ i"d now H'l lh r " ""' '"lift" nnd tollei, ',", "Plly IfllllBP n r ,,, 'r" whm all hi ,m , ' ' I n all hrw ?'ji ,, lfl '' thnl " H j " I I ii lj fnrm ,,0 aH ""Mul ! 1U1 '"" n ln- , .1 u' '" ''t to pre. hi r i i J" "lOKn who H ii r ' I irtlm, too a ,- lnm '"' worklni' n ,h "' r "f '' tiff Hie n i , ? r nr "-m ill) LH" fh t !"h lwn scant Hi If ,'w ' "I I" ilthei ""h I h !"' "nr-mftcil Hirlr r ' " '" tho H il i. ,, .'? """ ,rr(' I" nih 'R 'out nowth 'lb 'nl"'1'ii to double H r lien the Umli It She'r",' m hrd H imunlly """ i lm i"',1' mnU ""I '''rmntit 'k nr wo11 ns H'l,,,,h"t'rllilli,"',!l,J .'" """H i'",,1 Hhm?,',"1 ul,n,,t Hlh n mil, i ,') '"V " '"ch ,Vioo it ''""'on between H tioth to exclude tlio nlr On mnnll tref nil limbs not Krift-cd Krift-cd hould he iut out nnd nil new ones tint Ktirt kept rulihd off to fone Jhe Krowtn Inln the scions John c Wool, In lioeky Mountain HuMnndnian Wlicn and How to Graft The onllniry methul of Knitting practiced overjwliere Is cleft-Rraftln Anybody with a little common Fonse nnd a fairly i,ood eje can gi lft elect jour sdon from a a,noil hi ilth, Ib-oroui Ib-oroui RnmliiK ti to lion t put otf cut tins Ihtm until too Hie ni wimo un-sunesLful un-sunesLful operators do When the bud a Into Etirted In aprlnp nnd nro much swollen It Is too lite Walt another twelve months, which Is noth ln foi a ninderatclj slow mm, but tho up and dolns piopngntor will cut his scions n few wnks before buds nwell put them In the cellar In a ilaik, eool i lace, or coer them thieo or four Inehes In sand Mnrk each arlety jou hue bundled If ou htie. failed to do this until tho buds begin to swell, It Is not too late, proWdlm; ou eommenee the operation tie moment the buds have begun to expand Cut the scions with a simp knife fiom ourfnorlto tree that you wish to propagate from When the ties bujs begin to swell select a thrifty limb on the tree to be grafted nn 1 not oer one Inch In diameter di-ameter If possible, although n larger llmli will do if a small one is not at hand 'loo small branches are equally objectlonablo and rothlng less than one-half Inch should be grafted Use a sharp, llne-tnoth siw. Saw the brnneli smooth and trim It smoother, especially the bark, with n ohnip knife Jnleo a large, stout knife, Ince It across the center of tho stock or limb anil with a hammer strike the knife to make a clean spilt down the Btoik two or thieo. Inches l'lace a small wooden wedge, after withdrawing the knife In the middle of the Incision at the top, leaving room enough on each sldq to Insert a scion If the stock Is ton small for two sclnnr, Insert the wedge on one side. After the wedfco lm been Inserted to force tho stock 'apart siUuclontly to receive the scion, take your sharp knife and cut t a Mnontli scarf op each sldo of the scl6n, say one Inch or less In lenrth wedge IIV.C in shape a trllle thinner at the buk and Insert this In the Incision Now Micro IS the rub" Open jour eves wide and sit that tho Inner hnik of the searfi 1 scion exartlj tone lies or i omen In contnet with tho Inner baik of the split stock or tlmb for hero Is v litro the sip runs down the cambium laser mid cements, mi to speak, the Bclon to Urn stock Without this contact con-tact the union Is n falluii Tho inner hark is tho part next the solid wool of the limb Afler both scions hnve betn Inserted, one on each side, withdraw taiefully the woe len wdge Keep tho l.rnftlng wax partially Boft by tho warmth of tho linnd or sun or In a vessel containing hot water. Apply a little nt n tltno nil 1 (over tho Incision and that portion of the scion Insi rted In the stock forcing n portion of the wax down n little wny In the Incision In-cision on top Complelel) cover the Incision nn 1 cut portion on top and the split on the sites leaving: nothing uncovered where tho bark or stock has been disturbed All must he i rotrcted from tho nlr Rome wind cloth about the wounded portion, hut It Is un-necessnrj un-necessnrj w here plentj of caution has been used Place a mite of wnx on the top of the Btlon Let only two buds remain on the tclon drafting wax cm bo obtained nt anj seed store, or Jou tan make It ns follows llesln foul parts, beeswax two parts tallow one put, melt it, cool It by pouring In a tub nf cold water and work It Into slltks If both scions take e lit one off nftei a ,rovth of two or threo Inches foi one straight branch Is better than two -I. H. Itlcharda In Orange Judd Farmer. Colorado Harden Successes. The ground upon which 11. W Hoover Hoo-ver of Clnrllold county, Colo, had his garden was practically virgin soil Tho rardm was 61x100 feet, oi ubnut ont-llfth ont-llfth of an uere Ihe jear btfore the plero had Blown a nop of tJl7 qimrtn of rtraw berries, which was tho only crop that had ever been mlsed on It This phenomenal stiuwherry crop will be described In our columns nt eomo fuliito time The Foil Is a griiilsh loam a trlllo toirse, nnd Is made of decomposed fciiiulte. The strawberry plants wern lowed undei In the rail being liuellj nfferted with leaf i oiler, and Ihe ground set to npplo treei foi (i fuiiill) orchard Wuifc. on the Eileen was begun eurlj In March Pi making up tho hotbeds, and fved-s of tn-nato, enbbnge, lettuce, onion and celery were planU-d the Sth 'Un loads of inaniue were bioadoasicil and the gal den plowed nnd hammed the :Jrd nnd pons and indtshea were planted l.arly In April the plants 111 tho hotbed were transplanted to the col t frame nnd raullllowpr and lucuni btra on soda were planted In their 1 laee Theie were 4M rabbngo plants oat In the gnrrien the 28th 3SII onions the dn following and ISO lettueo plants fl the 27th . . ,,., The first Irilflitlon wan given Mav Mb, and JOfl raulinovvet plants were set the mino day Another watering was i,lven during the month the wheel hoa was run friquentls nnd ft "own radishes vveio ml 1 at to Ui cents per iloieii On the aoth the cucumber plants rnl-eil in tho hotbcl weio set In tho winlen with o shovelful of leaf moll under each hill Celery plants weiu net Juno 10th between each two rows nf cabbage and catillllower nur lug tho month tho garden vuis Irrl gated twice, and the wheel lino nm ovei It fv erul limes llio sitno kind of work was continued I In July. The early iciblingis hrouglit 1'j to .'4 cents ler pound and 450 heads weighing SI" pnunlH wern lold Caullllnuers hinurht 10 conto per pounl nnd cucumbers . to 10 rentB per doen. (H'd the total it lies for the month wero JSD.o Htlmulnnls In Ihe form of nitrate of soli, compost nnd water wero resorted to In August in forco nloug the se-tables, se-tables, principally cucumbers tomatoes toma-toes mid celery. Ths first two were the chief market creps for the month I and the returns weie $M 50 The eel I ery won banked teptemlicr 9th Irrigated Irri-gated the Klh and the first was dug the SStli when SO dozen brought t" A heav frost killed nil tender stuff Oc-to Oc-to er "rd but the Into enbliigc nnd tflerj was not harvested until November Novem-ber tth The flnanrinl pimtnnry shows that the fertlllrers i ost J"' seels fiom Iliiipeori". sundries !11 Oft water rent ro rents nnl about J21 n oi a total of Jri 01 'J ho produce soil for JIUOo leaving n profit of tioOCl from nlnut one-llfth of an nere Nenrly all the produce was sold nnd the figures given were the net prices received Orange Judd rnrmer New Ideas In Strawberry Cultuie This subject was dlrt-uscd at the recent meeting of the Michigan Hortl-culturil Hortl-culturil socletj b several well known growers President It M Kellogg emphasized em-phasized the Importance of using l hints to lib, strong crowns thnt have teen grown from plantn solcted while In fruit for their productiveness These Phould be (hnted nt leant threo feet apart In tho rows After lajerlng the drat plants that form, so ns to form a sort of hedgerow, all others should be removed During the season the ground shout 1 be thoroughly cultivated at frequent fre-quent intervals to conserve the moisture mois-ture In confllerlng strawberries for prof, it, C II Welch mid that on rich moist soil 450 bushels enn be readlij grown on an acre, while a crop of "CO bushels has been secured He prefers clover sod but the turning under of a crop of fodder corn will furnish n laxgo amount of linmus and put the land In good shnpe for planting Take pains to have tho land well fitted, and do all the work possible heforo the crop Is set The hot Htand Is generally secured se-cured by early planting liulnch Ilrandjwlne, Hnverlnnd, W'nrtleld Sample and Oandj arc standard market mar-ket rorts Strawberries can be grown with the least work If planted In hills so that the plants ran be worked both waja during the early part of the season A narrow matted row gives good results re-sults the berries being of pood size and borne In large quantities If free from weeds it will general! pay to clean out the beds after the plans have fruited fruit-ed nnd Keep for n necond nop Some kinds, such as Hand and Xnitance, will do belter the second car than tho first. Hilk-Fed Poultry. In soni" of tho Pastern markets fowls labeled "milk-fed chickens' are attracting attract-ing much nttentlon sas the Dilr Pro. duconnd Ilevlew, There Is no doubt hut what l riflt mnj be made bj dalrjman If tliej would ndd poultry to their farms, feeding them skimmed nnd sour milk, with an occasional feed of sweet milk Of couise, milk must be fed nlono and alto tisd with tho mlxel fool proluc-tlon proluc-tlon with a fall nmount nf grain In variety fed between times there Is nothing better than milk It seems to keep the fowls In perfect condition for lalng even when they nru given eon-slierablo eon-slierablo quantltl's nt fnttenlng foods In feeding milk to chickens for market It Is used In connection with fattening foodr nnd the birds are kept In largo cnois fo two weeks Thus confined the milk enables the birds In tnke on fnt qulckl, which Is not the ense when they nie on the innge or even when In hous3 where there Is mom for exercise exer-cise Chicken Diet. Farm fdock und Home represents a successful broiler-raisers bill of faro foi chicks as follows lr bread crumbs and eggs boiled nt lenst one-half hour shell and nil minced Millet seed Is thrown In their chaff On the fourth day tracked wheat mid rice nro adih 1 occnslonnll lolled oitmeal or cracked coin On tho eighth di, when the egg Is omitted, the chicles lecclve tine gravel He gets them n to krnss as soon ns possible, nnd spend his spare time digging angleworms for them After the second day u shallow, safe dish of wnter remains unions them Tho first da It is removed ns soon ns oil appear to hive been drinking I should modify tho temi ernture of wnter, wn-ter, to have It not chilling He avers his thlrks ran le told n block away from their superiority to commenl slop ones Our Dependence on American lien. During the closing das of Tebruni the period when tho great American hen commences business for her main season there was nn unaccountable famine In the egg market These Inimitable In-imitable articles of food cost 35 and 40 cents n dnren when obtainable, but nt many points they wero not to bo oh talned for love or monc. In short, n distracting egg famine pievalled over n v lde nrea of country, practically Including In-cluding the whole northern tier of States It did not last long, the warm days following the temporar paralysis soon calling mother hen to hei duty, but It lasted long enough to show how valuable In fact, how indispensable, is tho egg to civilized man It la not to much to say that he can t get along without tt. To deprive us of eggs Is to tnke nvva from life more than half of Its Jo3 It is frightful to contemplate an eggless world Think of going to breakfast morning nfter morning with- out tho delicious cheer In be derived nnlj from colteo and the acc,ohipanylnr eggs and toast There inn lib no decent breakfast table without eggr And what would tho cook do If deprived of this Indispensable Ingiedient of ro many dishes How could she make pulllngs nnd custards and rakes and the thousand nnd one things of which eggs nre the baso-' And what vvnull becomo of sherry flips nmk mill, punches, eggnogs, nnd other palate ticklers, If hens should sudden! disappear dis-appear oi whnt would ho equally ns bad, slioiill quit laying? II is possible that ninnv would long since I ave disappeared from the onrth but for his abillt to get eggs when nil other food fnlled Wnter fowl nnd other birds appearing In mi rinds all over tho world doubtless often save 1 the lives of our Interesting ancestors with their prognathous Jaws and prehensile pre-hensile talis For eggs are not only tho best of all food hut they arc the most castl obtained the most universal univer-sal tho most readll cooked and the most nourishing In proportion to quan tity Kvti kind of device hns be, n lesorted to to make hens lay out of seasi.n. but sin sliilibnrnl) lefuses to woric overtime mil this brings on her ptlent hen I n lm of slllv hlius" Pome feed red p. ppei tn w inn hei up to her dut but even this falls In till her with a burning desire to do whit i avatited And ns for bonrdust (.lie will devour It with nglnd cuklo nnd In largo ntiun titles without showing tin sllghtist disposition to drop nn thing In the cgr basket Might us well let the In u nlone ns she will nut resume business until slu gits rendv t-he knows what s right she knows tin niimhi r of ergs she Is nbln tn la and she Is not going to ho eiowd d on the nest In older to till n long fell w nt In mid winter Of courje we want egga all Ihe lime hut as n m liter of fait eggs llr-e all other goo I things have their season for be Ing nt the best An egg In the spring of the ear Is quite a different article from one In the summer, nr iven the fnll mid winter Thin i lorloun gift to gastronomy Is tight now In Its er heal rich hlghly-llnvored delirious and nppetlslnit h'nl measure couple soft-lxilled nnd a llttlo toast nnd coffee If nii (dense Mr Walter und wo will be ready to face a frowning frown-ing worl 1 ' merlean P inner. Cnrlnrr for Hens and Chickens Setting hens should hnvo clein nestt, tecuio from Invaders Line the nest with paper, on which drop u. little lice killer This will keep drafts from tho eggs nnd lice fiom the hen and nest Two hens should bo set at the same tlmo und when they hatch hive one tho chicks and reset the other The chltks must be removed as soon ns hatched und tnken out of hearing or she ma refuse to Bit again Tho sitting hen should have a dall dust bath In the sun, If possible, plcnt of sharp gilt, clean food and pure wnter, writes H N W olcolt In the O J Farmer The oung chic! a must bo kept dr and warm Tho eoops should be put under a dry shed If you hnve no house, and Ihe hens confined In coops in damp, wind) das Ilavo a feeding codp hand and tho chicks will run out until cold nnd then go back to hover There nre more chicks lost by being dragged around thiough the cold nnd damp than nn) other cause except damp coops The food may be the hert but without dry vvaunth thn mortality will be gicat I cook but little food except to scald meal nnd bran together nnd then ndd enough dry to mnke it crumb!) 1 nlun)s hnvo good success if I can keep tho chicks dry nnd warm Daliy Exports Since 1SD0 tho exports of cheeso from tho United States hnvo fallen from 93-37C 93-37C C'J pounds to "9 813 517 pounds Dui-lng Dui-lng tho ratno (erlol the Canadian exports ex-ports have Increased from 9;C01S7 pounds to 195 926 397 pounds During H90 tho United States cxpnitcd 29 74S,-04! 74S,-04! pounds of buttei, and tho samo car Canada exported only 1 951 553 In 1S91 wo exported S3 JI3 520 pounds and Cannda ID J2"i 52S pounds Though tho seui before Canndas exportH wero over 25000COO pounds to this eounti) n IS -P00 00O these figures may ho construe 1 Into a very unfnvorablo showing for this country but It does not follow. Tli") more likely show thnt our own peoplo ins bettei customers for our cUlomen than any other leople arc Amcileun Parmer. Breaking the Heifer. This la an operation much dreadel by some, it Is sometimes shirked b) tho men folks and to iced upon tho ti enabling women, oi pet Imps It seems to requite the combined force of tho whole househol I with nil tho hliel help If troporly managed there Is no cause for dicadlng It, and we (hitter ourselves that our success should make this stntement nf xnme iiilnp. W, have broken several Jersejs nnd have cows that appatwitl) never knew how to kick in thn (list place, the heifer should be peifectly tame, should le actus, tomed to going Into thu stable Wo prefer tho winter time ns she la accustomed ac-customed to being In tho stublc then Howevct. she should bo tame enough to go Into It at any tlmo without fear Wo tr) to be with her at the tlmo of inlvlng ns It seems to lake nv it) the feal and anilely reguullng the safety of tho talf when we are mouiil, while If wo came mound her for tho Hist time aftir tho rair Is bovoial hours old sle seems to think we want to Injuio tho calf and slit Is f lightened nnd there tire otliei reasons foi helm, with her at th" lime Wo never touch a heifer n udder before be-fore rhe Is fresh In nearly ever) tase Che will icsent It with a kick and onee started to kicking she may keep at It We often read udvleo to accustom the heifer to having her ulder h milled before be-fore being flesh Wt wonder If tho author of such advlct piactlces It. It Is contrar) to natuio feu a heifer to allow hei uddci to be meddled with until the time comes for hei to It milked The first tlmo we touch net udder Is when tho erlf sucks llu tlrst time It Is nUurnl fni hei In want to be milked then lu a few bouts we separate sep-arate the calf and heifer un 1 when we wish to milk her we turn her with the calf tin 1 let tho cult suck whllo vv milk We mill, her In this way a few times when we nepninto them foi gnol and wo seldom have nny Itoubh nftn w ii rd We aro nva)s very careful not to huit her in mill Jnt, There is a gieat difference In tho way dllYercnt people milk Home squeezo the teats so roughly and pull downward so hud that the cow kicks because sho is hurt Avnll hurting )our cow and she will not kick jou Nn heifer should he nl lowed to be fresh without having been fed nnl prepared for tho occasion This is rsp'Clall) o If she Is cm dr) teed Linseed oil meal fed with other grain feed nnd clover hn) will maleu hei In good condition for calving 0 C lies in Ohio Fnrmer Handling the Dull. In handling a bull, tho most Important precaution Is to keep your ejo on him J'roplo will generally do this with i (iango bull but when they get acquainted ac-quainted with him and ho nets so ver) gentle, the) nro apt to regard him ns spfe We often hear of people thnt aio proud of their tapio bulls, bulls that the children can handle perfectly harmless jnd yet if wu examine the caaca whcio furious bulls gore their inuiteis, of wlilcm overy ncwupnier might glvo nn ntcount, In nine eases out of ten the) are tunio bulls In fact, bulla lire llko shotguns It Is nlunyi the tarn hull or unlqaded shotgun that does tho most damage, sit)s the Southwestern Southwest-ern Stockman, On account of a bulla dlsposllon he should be ringed before ho Is n yeai old. In farming countries It Is folly not to have rings in the bulls' noses, as tho rings me the bent bull conquerors 9Klix1F'89ssD known In modem agriculture A good HSnl rVSJH stiong stuff (n pitchfork hurdle with nn HiMn wHilH lion honk having tongue and set strew I&iEk? J'iWHH foi closing tho loop In the shank hook), llra"ft JKssfl Is the proper nciompan st foi tho ring. B5if,l! iwSsissl Wo often see men lending a bull by a IRfl rlftaiaH lopo hi the ring but how can they uHtrl ''tJH kicp the bull fiom chnrglng them? A SRSi! VLiBH bull should nlwu)s bo treated In such a 9H $Ktj '''T'-SsH manner that he cannot doubt who la Htdffiri IsTrOsBfl the mnster Hut ho Is nn nnlmnl with HMTn feeling which responds to kindness If iK !Il,)cnsl given nn npplo core, n turnip, or nny lKrw?nmBl nthn dilnty, frequently from the hand Bi'l'lS AtsaBsfl nnd thus taught to lespect )OU, the EllJaKk ntsssfl ease of handling will ami ly repay )OU BswliftfiflttlflHi fur tho trouble. tMKepiHrVlsWl If It pajs to curr) n $25 horse will not huIs39hBb1 the lame truth nppl) to your 112 bull? ranST'tuVriH Decides tho general!) acknowledged So MilEilsW benefit of eurrylnr, the constant or Caily faft jflr'TCsitl handling nf the bull tames him consld- Wb 3i fKH erabl) With vicious hulls n chain or Kf fflSf JinBI rope lu their rlnr. drugging on the Hi' wirjiraH ground hns been i very successful help ML (7l "ItrtSH In ninnarlng them HI J),' IflJIB The Beef Cattle Outlook. Kl jjfTSflH Tho nated Hereford cattle breeder, VJ KBfaH Mr T P II hotham of Missouri. In nn ap- rUET 'ssBsHHIH extended review of the supply and de- fwim man I of beef cnttlo In tho Breeders' filp'ifilflkSBi (lazelte sds tha the future outlook irrii-'wSHbI for cattle breeders und growers Is tho IjT V tfjjhKflHfl best the country has ever seen Con- j f 'H'nRHB tlnued growth nnd settlement of tho f -VaMH wen nnl northv.ont hns continually J -j rj" jJHB narrowed the op oriiinltles ot grazing h, m ifigjiH and ranching on publ.c lands-, nnd Is j1' j;HJ iwNUH now rapidly Increasing tho demands .'- ffifBBHIl upon the cnttle growers of the ngrl- . jfl $Ha9fl cultural States Among other things M is jQ Mr Sntham snvs j , ijjj .H "Ihtit the cattle business of America p JBQ Is now founded upon a rock must be 1 ' IjflflBfl 1'nln to every mini With receipts ot L'j u nHHfl cnttlo tliat would be very cxcesalve un- it r,iV SBnfl der nn) conditions prior to 1897 we see S-Jf ISSYJjMHI tho like or beet higher than it has wi I'f'WlW been In twent)-flvc )cnrn With the ? k pBtinHH cnttlo of six of our leading corn states il ? igijWjtSU forced upon the mailiet h) a lack nt jf ? tprili'NB feed oi water cu. both, with a largo jf. 7 i'jIiK'yAa nvajorlty if the enttlomen of those V i WKrWaB six States out ot tho market as bujers, i' 1'fel-!!liSTlrH wo havo seen the prlco of beef steadily fm (4al"llflyBI Increase and the expanding trado nt Ih $nj'Lssafl the packers forco them to fill their !lJli '-TVfWBOH rook us with lean enrcaiisen than ordl- 1M -j3RM naill) would havo found their way to if a SWtHb the feel lots It it reasonable to expect ! $ r7 Tttfy B 1 jflM that the griss paaturcs ot Ohio, Mis- I. lpTS)JHifijM slrslppl and Missouri volleys will re- It, ItU ijlCU'tBlHsal main empty who'll tho new graas MHifvL'winsBl cunien? If they do an absolutel) new it rEKl);lwH und uiihenrd of uplrlt must come over ls$?'irJ!M!rlisai our cattlemer tor with grass for the all liJ!i''SiH(al cattle to eat .hey have always felt ISlrW Ixtsfsai obllMd to (,ct tho cattlo to eat It It Is lllitt&iifiXuM obvious then that when tho cattlemen twllrffij Wraffsai of tho districts named commence re- 5fiiiS Qsrutrfl stoeklrr the tuckers who have until $IuTUiM"nHaai now had no opposition 111 the market Sfl'ilffl'wllilijBal tor thin rattle will havo competitive )& iMiirsnl buyer and with this competition It ay, iffloffi-JBlB a ems to mo hut t.ood common aenso Irl, gl!JBiriwsal tn unllclpnte that prices will riie JjZjl iMiaUBtJijM Surve)lng the condlttnnn existing 'II1 nj!HHB 1 ist August I freely predicted 510 per '1J !ffe RUM cwt fin well-bred highly finished if 'BK IBnflsl graln-ful cattlo during the spring and if) 'Kit SBiflssl summei nf 1902 I need not expect tn fijli kKUH see this prlio on many rattle Those FrEwo! taStSt lecders that could get tho feed were Indff sdBbibH not pleut) und those who could get It t'ilfl, KHsH and had the nerve to feed high-priced JlStfB 9HH feed uro sure to be rewarded for, with Mjbf,S 'asaflatP a Jib at hood nnd rising wnges with SlBtTO isBM the lion Industry (that barometet ot Iftlsfli! SBoi trade) inoro precious than nt uny tlmo VtillKa RunH in the hlator) of our eountr). ard with sijftEwllaHll the ii eid) mulnteiiiinte ot a balance HtsBsussHaHi) of trade amounting to 150 000 000 per WfiSaCSVW month in favor of the United States VSssViXl our w ige earnrrn ore kolng to eat beef, JESflRlivll! and nur wealth) citizens nre going to iHaHkMMU have Ihe best beef regardless pf price &3flKft!aI , And to this unprecedented home de- BisBeSlwH. maii-l must be added the urgent res illssBilHnlH abHf n J " , m ,. r f 1 . " t H It' I V in win i. IT, ring hUl i pl " H II it i Atncrlf ip l'f than U y hut H jl I ii J In twenty tears ' 1 ;Jj 1 Alfsltft and Bacon Hogs. H i I i ' ! said lh,u foloiado Montana H if1! J It Ii, Idaho Kansas ami Nebraska H j I I; ) t a determined to create a new hind H I, i, I" r 1 liof, by feeding and breeding It la H 'I ,,i TI to hi a bacon hog with nor.i linn un.I H nij',j; fit mixed The hull or (litn reatlon tasasasal . ill tr. nore protein In the reed and alfalfa B . i ' . mulshes that The belief there l that 1 (Jl . i cries nf yeara In selecting; breeding H ! if '' i i- mole, feeding m alfalfa and no H , '; 1 i n at all, will bring abnut thla new H 1 . ' i atlnn, and thnt such a boa- tan be H j "I r 1 1 de on such ftcd as will have a din M . if ... tli t claim In the market demand for H ! j . I on It la it unlqui proposition, and H I t I they can do it the auprly of the H J 1 rn hog villi lie left ti thi torn Bu'n H ; o 1 shall see what we shall sec In- ! , tc ' luitt I'armer v ij Cribbing Home. aaaaaap j t v Nebraska, hors'mnn auKgcsts n Hj 1 a ' ise can be prevented from cribbing H '' I 1 faatenlnir etrlne of ahei pskln or H ' rralo mpe along the manger and feed B r 1 tea where ho grubs them with till H ji t ih, and ea)S thla has been entirely H i r u tossful with him The trouble with B i P i -rlbber In that the air ho sw allow b j j t ulm, indlmatlnn and make him un- H ') t ifty although irant crlbhera are H U !' thrifty and the dlgei.1 Ion menu per- H j ' ft Another remedy suggested la to 1 Ij i kle o atrap lather tightly around H 'Vi ' mo neck tnd a imtzsk- In also eug- H , " i .Mud. Sometimes a young; borae mn H . ' e broken of the habit by plai Itilt him H " I i a box at ill where he enii get hntd H 1 J or nothlntc with hla teeth feeillnir hn M V ' T Hie tlonr and feeding- rnlti In n H ' ( ill that l remove 1 i anon na he la H .: , UirotiKli eatlnff, Othei youna huraea H lv r will atop the pracllte when tinned otll H ' to taatura for a tohlle Indluna Kur- H t I j I i The Iloraes of Ruealn. H !t ' ' Tl'p 1'ieneH writer aaya Hint P.uaala BBLl fit1! ! contain M.OOOOOO home nf various H r U; . tireei. from the tarpan the alnKUlar H J wild horae or Inrkeatati to the thor- H t (tiqhbrcil A rrvli l'erhnpa the moat In M I ) tcreatlnp nro the Klighlz mil Knlmuk H . 1 orse the tiseTuI rnitlr nnlinnla of vS.tJ llio Don th1 iineiinnleil pneK lioraea nf aaal 'Hl'M the AIIhI nnd the amall but ai rleea- aaai JStatvl ) ' lo lre'1 "' I'lnlnud l.xlreniea nf aafl 1 'sffl' Iriii omturf nnd Hie hardahlpa of u aaaa ifV nnmaille txlatence In the moat lucrij- M rii I ' '" ellinntea combine to iiiuke the H 'M I IklrRhlz flinonf; the hardleat lioraea on B fi ij itirth All wintir they lme to fin I n M f ,& I iro aulialstence on root beneath the H r f io an 1 ennrinotta mortntity In thcao aaHI Qn Ii wnnilerlnga txerclaei 11 rnutlnunun pro aaan 81 ii oax of aelectlon Tar nnd tinx indriu aaH 'i 'SI nro "10 (lllff dltetalnn nf tbeae i.iuxh H 3 ' :fl tilbeamcn and een their courtship la H a, 'vi puraued In the ea I lie cer mairluKe H t . )j' iible mnlder AKed no more thnn II H y Mi enr9f huvliiK to be chneeil on horae M f . h Ituk nnl trnnnferred In the andille of I. J 1 Jut wooer before alio la hla legltlmnlo B , ll Winter Co to of Ilntneas M k j It Now Ih the aeiann when the hnrneaa H H) will noeil looltliiK after In the llrat M (j,lil lnic the htirneat ehould he tliornuRh- H j'il ly wnihod In warm water with tho beat M A ii rnatilo ooup WottlnR doea not hurt H (jj leather If huns up to dr When until- H k' Ine every purt ahould be. uiil.iuc klc.l H f it unit taken apirt nnj washed In warm 1 f it not hut aoip atidn Wnah aufdi lint H ' i , )S4 It inl to t online the dirt Hud On not 1 Jl'l leno the hu-tieaH lone enmiKli In the 1 1 1 water In tet aaaked Aftei wnnhlni; 1 'f 1 ang up In an nlry plaie to drj AMillo H I f It la still dump n ply the nil I'm this 1 ;f. lmpoae litre ncatxrnot oil oi hiij 1 til ttnndnrd hnrniaa nil nn be ithed The Hj (111 oil ahould bo will tubbut Into Inauro H 'Hi it" rnterliu; the pnrea of tin leather B .'" When all la done hunt," the liuriic-K on Ij ( wooden pena In a dry phuo It It e- 1ji t't-nllnl that no ilnmpneHa ahould reuih B $i I' " nolhlntr anumulatea innnl I nn j 1 h; li'-dllj na leather an I inoul 1 ejta Into n JH the erj tlber llnrneaa made to lay j f V lr carefull tieated la equall ita good H )f tta the lmiKted hariifai of ttft enra j fj.1 ngo Colman a ltural A or d Hl B j Cnnker Sores In YotinR rigs B j' A AMaeonaln breedei uaea the fol- R !' lowing reined) for tnnkei aorea In IH ;ounc plu lie dljia the mtlre head j t n n xolutlnii of the followlnn lvr- j n innnRunato of potHHh one ounie ill- J ll rMctl In half illou of watei Thla Hl J ralutlon ahould be ipplled three tltnta Hl ' !,, nt lnternN nf two and three tilt n B i". llefure uhIiir this wlutlnu lemon um H , ,1 fir ib pnmlble all dirt from the auotit H u( v rt tl,e l',i: or n lorRer iiinoutit of the H i , tolutlon will have to. be ueed to ctt H ' ' rood reaultn. The mn a ud Irr ahould H 't also be wmhed with thla Hilutlon three H ' , limes Disinfection nf the fttrrowliiK j , i . 'r pens with hot lime water should nlao H f 111 i, In performed ua hla obacnutlon w la 1 i Xv- that litters rnrrnwnt In the mime pena H -Mir1 "' different times bale been lufetted H i' j i vlth thin dlaente Hj ,f ) . Annthei bleeder Ina nw,l zennleutu H l , with vticceea ub l wnah an 1 dli-lnrtt- bbH ihn ""' j ' !& If there are otlur icmedlei that hno 1 V len uaed with aueceea we ahould bu t it I hlad to hno them from our lcadeia f Mjl 1 xclianee HI l ij Draft Mnrcs H y w"h ft ""l"' encouratthiB outlook H I.,! for the draft horse iuduxtr) rnrmert j i' would lliul It 1 Kood lineatment to own H ) ono or two Ffin lurd rexlaieiel draft H ') mnrea which mull perform the double H ' puke of rnlaliiK full blool Inula n,ul H i jerformliur the ordinary work ot the H i Mrm Willi it team of draft maiea B I , ivelfchlnB SWO to 4000 pounds the hue B i i bindmitn could reduie the mat of H ' InullnB matirltllj while thn em lenr j t ,1 of audi it pair of wnikera nptratlnic a j ill ;f alxteen-lnch sulky plnw or other furm H t 'i liunhlnerj would ulnnja ttha thtiu HI l 4 I lefcrenee over llsrlitui horaea Thrae I I I iimrea bred to ijood reglattred stallions i f J! will pro luce foulx which If pmperlj m 1 1' reared will prove a attune of xieut lu- m I t come to the farnitr i:erjBlMilUmiolt m )' at J nnd I y. uru nld In woith Jtloo to H i '200 without un training r ixpenalve m )' Jiieparatlnu M eit the ne eaaarj llb- H cialltj In feeding nnd reaaounlile inaii- f nitunent from blith until of ilfte for K ' e rle Imptrters nak 1 1 M to MVXt m I , .1. i i atalllona of no gieuter weight and H I Jlfii) ouallly than can bt i induced for one aaV I l!?iu It lit the price from thnrouBhl.ri.d draft aaB t tltli milieu In Ih. hinda of thn average bbS I' If' ! Ameriian farmer I'aclftc llomettead 1 J t f Is Range BreedliifC ImnraotUbleP I tj' genoral expreaslon of opinion from t Intelligent western stockmen not pe- '' ' iniilarlly Interested woul I bo to the i''(t that it-seeding thi arid ami I' Ii ' untaln rnngvs of the Wert m nn. P i ntlderablc scale Is Impra tkable 1.11J ' () ' i n it Impntaiblt The oul feailbl 1 j 1 mi for their conversion Ilea In tin ,'j I iv ntlon of nvitinmdlig I j it Montana In emnmoit with all adja I ti c nt Hlntes has a Urge niva of hind 1 , il which owing to lack of water and lie ' Si unevenness, cannut be lirlgntcd end t III ust always remain grazing luntl It I ( 1 I coveted with the nutrition graaaex i, HI IndlgelKiUH to utld tegloiia and tin (j 1 Ll I'.iiliy mountains m .i of whklt at , 1 fif S ir the time ilefioc I uftoi Hiring tin ' tL r sl leentnliiaT brittle In the early autumn 'Bf Vr 'iho ratine Ih overall k?d with ah i (f, , ji Ii Hues nnd cattle, prln Ipullj the I t 1" ' t trir While coiKlantlv moving in I Jl!l' tiorch of the choices inomela espei I M iji n '' '" ",e xiornlnK outtcmir nnd ivtn r Writ' Jog Incoming neui nnu sheep triui I 7i , I nnd dewtrnj nenrl all th n n 'i I I e id con's r blades of bun h n I tu II f la grass lit n ratio of ut h i i I L I i nt of tl e whole Th nst i I 3 ' I l tvvcen the 6liC'.', lioisea and u y I la- r 1 lv in n rf I Ktni it I -I ' rl I e ll it Ii ver letlet 1 111 Wfitcin I ll B 1 IllilJ ut times n PI i t an unusually lalny "ison hrlngn nut the gras abundant ly It grows ton fart and itntinuouily for deatruttbn by the little hoof mil the stool nt I roota take on new vigor Thla Is the case In airy year In pto-nortlon pto-nortlon to the amount of preilpllallon In the drier enta reat during the growing season would lend toward the ixitne elte t nnd of overstocking mtild be prevented Iheieby giving the range partial rest tho probb tn would be solved Jamen Klrkpatrlck In Orange Judd Farmer Concerning th Ilorss. Now Is the time to train the colts There la I a more ddbate thing in the world than a horses mouth How few ever stop to give It a thought In training the toll work on the delicacy deli-cacy of the mouth and do not try to hnrden It Unless a nam has a good, firm light hand lie can never make a good driver A "lt ahoul I hr ao trained that It will respond to every vibration of the rein nnd 1 will If hla mouth la not rt oiled by Ignorant handling Mrnm tho time tho rolt Is horn he ahould he handbd nnd gentled and taught thnt he ictrivea nothing but kindness and favors from hit master lie should be tiiUKht also that when ho la near a pi raon he must not Indulge In ptav hut allow himself to he pitted and hnndlitl In anyway Thla rule should be enforced. If raised in thla nay he Is ready to lie hitched up nnd driven when he In old enough A loud-voiced brutal tempered man shuuld never he allow id In the same barn with u colt lie will take money right out of your potket 11 la lietter to keep a horae warm with blankets thnn to shut out all pure air In order to keep the stable warm Horses that have been worked or driven In toll ralna ahould not be left to dry w Ithout a Ignroita rubbing Thev ahould then be protected by a light blanket. Any funnel can afford to give hla hors'a common aenst are and this will often save the life of h valuable or useful animal Farm Journal Oafs Farm Teams, flene ally speaking no one feature will add more to th value of a borae or bam limn the furt that they are flee from the runaway habit The only way to Insure keeping them fiom this Is never to allow thi ni to get aturted Itet aimo a team runs awa ones la no leaaou that It la spoiled hut It Inllcates that the driver lma got to tike something some-thing tnoic than nrdlnnrv caution in handling them Ihciearter Let a team get hi nj two 01 three tines and it ineiina thnt dilver will be aaaumlng eon aldt rabb rlak ever) time he takea the I aat lllrly with them lhere Is no one thiraiteriatle that n farm team an h ii,.as that will make them nuie vtluablo than the fait thut the) tun Intrusted and on tin other linn I then la nothing thut will detract more from tin Ir l radical vnbje than to feel that tin tire icad to inn on the lenit pre text Tanners have frequently owned such tennis and tan aecon 1 the Uinveta Journal In Us iKitltlnn An a rule If the driver la ciiuful with a tenm during the tlret twnor three jeura of their drlv-lith drlv-lith the danger nf tbeli i niching the habit In lalir yeura la reduced to a minimum but theie la one thing that must always re borne In mind thut, no mutter how old n horae mn be nor how nppaicutly trusty and how deserving deserv-ing rnnlldenee it la nlwnjs liable to run when unusuallv startled It Is tin first Impulse of biute nature to get away from danger Betf nnd Cattle Conditions Hangp conditions nre not innro fnvof abl than thev vvete Inst cai and foed-Ing foed-Ing conditions have liii roved but Httlo If nnv There lenialna n i-cnrcltv of well-llnlshed lieevia pays the National Proilsloner The consumer's taste having hav-ing been somewhat adjurled to the plight of the corn fed beef in irkct slaughtetera will not have the rama tumble In lunrki ting fair gtadea of beef and iclalnlng thelt ettatomera lis the) had last cat The sun.) nr the Hell Indliatei thai l,I i port and corn fel i utile for the dmnesih tunic will bo warn and tulo high (little have lui.l n fair winter on the mimes It Is only the pieeent col I snap Hint h i Impnlre I the lontliiuousl) e.c) I winter lauge con-illllona con-illllona that havi piev tiled As no so-viu so-viu draft has linn nude on our Ileitis foi nbiittnlr puinses and no othei cause haa ten le I to nffei t the sui pl of untie then should be plenl of medlum-gra 1 giisalel nnl half-lln-Ishi I stenk on the intuket ilurlng tho Muing ami sumniei The high pili. which will prevnll for finished inttle will cause n tompathctlc Use 111 all grd of 1 cef nnlmnlM It nm therefoie be rxiecle I thnt u gene rail) high llvf stink nnd beef mniket will lie experienced right along until next S-eptemtcr whin the glowers mine Into the market If ha ient demand la lualntnlncd foi l.nf n lnw selling na well aa n low biolug mniket is fur nwa) lu the dim future Indium Tur-mei. The American Merino Twcnt) )ear ngo the !!nd of Tcbru-ni), Tcbru-ni), n part) of Ohio Meilno theip-breeilcrs theip-breeilcrs met In Colunilius and orgnn-lied orgnn-lied the Ohio Spnnlsh Merino Sheep-breeders Sheep-breeders asaoilatiou In less than two )ears from that time the lltst Mililmc of the Itegister wus published lontalnlng So.' tlmka ot the tot members Thla occurred oc-curred In the boom tlmea of tho 8 mulsh mu-lsh .Meilno Hhoitl) after thla a change lu our administration took plate and lu a ahoit lime thla aaanclatlon dwln dted down to a comparative 1) few a mujorlt) of the breedeis i hanging thtlr business nnl intiiltig into other v na linns tlaluiing tlute would ntvei be an) more need of the Spanish oi mei It nn Jit lino lu this jLtiuuti) huglnnd olulmlng they could furnish lis our unit ton and Australia ur wool an I thut wi on our high prbed lands hud bet ter turn our attention to growlnggra" initios uittl lugs and mutton sheep and leavt nn wuol glowing to uur tor-etgn tor-etgn uelghboia Ho ) eu think a true Ameriian would be sallle.l with this state of a ilia" lo you think wt mirlcana wouid depend de-pend on foreign tountil. raising for us what we could ralav ourselvoB Foitu-nutely, Foitu-nutely, tiulte a gol!y number did not think that u Quite a good man) Meilno breeders did not saiiltlee theli dot ks and send their mone to Lnglan 1 fne Ihe lilllttotl breeda. tint hurl fnlih ill tho pure Ameritun Meilno untl have biHd their Docks puie und have ke t right nloug reilng high diss Mcunu ranis for the inge and farm ITnder these conditions the mutton men had full swii foi a few )ars and It looked foi a uliHt ns If they might do away with the Aineilcun Merlun Hut the larchmtn find that Meilno bloo.1 must pie lumtnate In their flocks ni thev will not herd nr flock so Hits atute of armies ar-mies did pot last long in the meantime th type of unite a good man) firs Its w n th mod somewhat and Hi oe who tr hfedlng the extreme wrlnkl) typ hungel to h tlalrter type and we have Ibiielrra In litis iiaanclallon today who an breeding aa much density nn plain b idled Ame ban .Merinos ua you will find em tint ixtreme nrlnkly type A illnlit ndvjine it the price of wool b ought men io bilievo the) must palae wool ua well as mutton and that tht) ii tild not afford to uilse sheep for mut ton ulone bit that the fhece la the n tin Item lu the iirollts In sheep rala-!i rala-!i Hence It Is ntceasar) to return ti (ho Meilno to fix up the much de I t I llteiea inua I bj the use of the mutton t t i rn mii iih bi I I Ih v i I ainlinu 11 t i,i c l I h wlnt tli c L n ll llicy are sir i k v u I th r slz ird coveting, nnd think they ilit ri und In them Just the thins Ihev think the) have In the Itamboull-I Itamboull-I t all the tiuallflcatlona of the Amcr-Ic Amcr-Ic in Merino nnd the ndv intake over I ttim lr size I will ndmlt they have more alxe Hut what Ii the idvnntage of tlja great flsc'' There Ii not n breed cr here today who will claim that he geta hla best lleecea fiom hit largeat ahtep There la no breeder here who doea not know that where he breeds tor alio he doea It nt the expense of tho lleete If tht feed fcoea to mutton It dies not go to vool and If It goes to wool It does not go to mutton, but here Is a happ) medium which I be. Ilevc we have In the Merino and right hen 1 would suggest to the breeders of this aaaotlatlon to not let thla slxc crate run away with them A ceitaln amount of It la n good thing but there nn other points just us important There la such a erase for thla size that hen ate Home very noted breeders of pure American Merinos est crlnl!) breedera of the extreme wrinkly t)pe who nre trussing their high-bred (1 icka of American Merino ewea with the Unm. bonlllet and have nltendy gone so far as to get a register foi recording their croea bred lambs ft I) Williamson In Address to Ohio Merino Ilrce lers