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Show SPECIAL INTEREST TO FARMER AND STOCKMAN Cows That Do Their Best. mi cess or failure of the dalry- III generally depend very lirge-i lirge-i the hip Hint la given to hln n I nn the comfort nml fnvora-.11 fnvora-.11 lions with rt hi li lip suiiounds ,s flood dalrslng icqulros com t stabling, pi'o.l bedding mi lit, in to cleanliness, imcli en tll will furnish Kood nir, the kind-tmenl kind-tmenl iif th enw, with, wo xmlse In the open ah, except :ih weuthei Is quite severe, suss u Block lndiciitor. milking Is mi Important tactile tac-tile innnngtiuent of lows, for i good low Is prevented from rer best by the unklndncss, or le roughness that Is not meant IS, on the part of the mllkei Iking should be done legutaily 1 hours cull das, milking the i the herd In the same order far as possible by the same The milking should be rap-ic rap-ic as rapldl). Indeed, lis Is con wllli sentient, iind the milker l,el all the milk ciuh time, sc he will llnil the yield giadu-. re.nlng As n means to ecurp I jlcld of whkh u cow is minding min-ding Is of the highest impoil-t impoil-t should be liberal mid piopur-to piopur-to Hit sleld of tho milk tint gins 'the comentratid food alum rhould constitute from n i a half of the total dry matter iU unity It should amount to the animal will mt up ilean, quality should be nnn-fattm-. vailed In anordanic with the nullity of the auimtl Tot , iowh that havo no lonstttti-endimy lonstttti-endimy to I ly on fat can, In st lr eiy sufily fed a laiger of lorn, while liu having tills S should be fed less lorn the Le being m ide up by the use ! highly nitrogenous prodtut gluten meal, oil mtul or Klmllar irts Tho feeding should be as hi the milking, and o fur us irkct conditions will pcimlt have vurlct. It Is also u Idi 1 advantage to hive suicu-the suicu-the fud, and heieln lies the tho silo In limes when there Is uic Water Is an lmportnnt the dairy management, and the ould be that the cows have if watoi and of n kind that the d his lamlly lould drink them-tlthuut them-tlthuut distaste Dairy Cow and tho Herd. Ilowing Ih fiom an uddiess by M Connei, assistant agrlcul-f agrlcul-f CI mson lollegc, South Caro-daliylng Caro-daliylng modern milk tow Is the tesult ling, fiedlng und scleillon. She a so bud and ulictid lint she mrted fiom the original plan lealnr nnd Iioh been made Into il puipose animal, that is, she i all her sin plus food Into milk t-r fat On thu othe i hand, her ho beef tnvv, lonverls neatly surplus food intu llish and fat, th has a form best suited lor k 'lht true typo of the diliy wedt,e sliaped. while the beef e tanmtlar In form, so that thu amounts of the cholct si tuts put on the frame, The dilry u Id c irry no surplus ilcsh or The business i arts are devel-the devel-the greatest exent. namely, the - apiniatus nnd Hie udlei. ecllng n iow for thu dalij I a i lose attention to the dilr It ou wcro selecting n horse racetrack ion would not select , hlocky hoisc, but one that Is iUIi ott tho Mound, light In id rathei thin ho wltli the ivvi select one sultid foi doing k In hand W hllo i,ood diliy iii not nivvusn Insure it good It Is one of the best indications :onomkal producer, biee 1, 1 have nothing to say. are producing buttei foi the ket one of the smill el ill If you are pioduclng milk for hot, ret one of the heavier oughlued herd Is not essentlil us In fact, 1 would not idvisc ;peilencd m-in In het,iu with 'd cattle, but buy up the best iws In your nolghbnihood and od slio for bull ling up the herd make the mlHtake of buying n re Oct one thil will rilse Hie I of oui hird every jeir As th legistered ones, lug a herd to slait with many e are encountered if a man od cow nnd ho knows I 'io win '. with hu nt a icii'oniblo lso sou c mnot depend uon ments of the seller as to wlnt will do These inlsstttenu ills irally unintentional, but some-icy some-icy are not As a mlo they the amount of milk pioduied uro It foim nnd all. Kli you have used the i union g sour Ik id It would bu will nn in c mini with each cow lie fond fclven hei and the milk for It, and if jou aie making ir mat Let, test tlin milk by the list nnd see If she Is pnvlng hoard and keep As soon ns satisfied that she is not, sell stlato this point I will relile Incident that camo under iny Ion seme yean igo A man i laige number of mws for illk to supply n newly ere-.1 ere-.1 lie went out over the j io buy fnur-gnllon inns, well, pdy had foin-gallon iuhs to jKAfter tho herd had been collect-m collect-m tho test applied It was found Mout IB per cent of them did not mr their feed In other words. f Per cent of his herd were B Oreat Cattle Exports, department of Agilculturo says Bort trade of i utile In tho United for the fiscal year Juno 30, l 31. i greatest In point of tho num. Buttle ixpoitid of nny ear In M Tho total to all countries Hted to 159 218 head, nlueil at Hp0. fif th),, number 37il3S0 almost S per ci nt. were u to the transntlanlio trode, Pieat Ilrltnln ns the destination Mfst Indies and Ilermuda took Mliead and almost all the m-IWi m-IWi was consigned to the various H" of North and South America Mjirgcst total export tn all coun- ny previous jeur wcro In 1698, l"1"' "mounted ( 439255 hottj with a declared exroit value of $3i . SJ7f09 Hxports to nil countries fioin Canada now the onl lompetltor of the nnllid Str.tes In the Important trnnjntlnntlc trade shown! " filling olf this year fmm those of the pieced In? Ilfcal yiai of 17 7 per lent nnd amounted to onls 1C9.07D heid Of this total Hi 010 head, or about 71 pel cent 1 of tb(i entire expmts weie shipped to Oie,u Hiiinln Of Hie lem ilndei theio weie tinnipoiled ncinss the borders Into the I'nlled htntes 1(1 ;r, head, of whlib nbnut 41 per cent were one ear old or le3 and ivldently designed as slockeis for firms In the t'nlteil States The largest erports from Canada Can-ada In nny previous eir were likewise like-wise In 1S0S when the total to all countries amounted to 213 010 head vnlued nt JIJII !": Food Eaten by Sheep nnd Cattle. It Is sometimes nserted that cnttlc and sheep require the simo amount of feed per thourand pounds of live weight. The stntement seems not to be well founded. In some experiments nt Iowa station the cittlc consumed 19 6 pounds of diy matter er thousand pounds of live weight, against nn aver-nge aver-nge of 29 07 by the (lieep Itnth sheep nnd lattle were on lull feed The sheep made a dilly gain of 3 71 pounds per thousand pounds of live weight, nn 1 the tattle 214 In summing up this comparison, wc find that while the shiep nte i per cent more Ihnn the cnttle, they nlso gnlned nearly 73 per cent more I'rof, c. r. Curtlss. Preventing Growth of Horns. A common method now to do away with tho horns Is to prevent their growth by the use of chemicals on tho calf, rays the Mnrland station bulletin This seems to have had Its beginning about tho year 1590, nnd Immediately grew In favor. It Is quickly und easily done: It Is comparatively pnlnless, muses no nervous shock, nnd It Is done ut a time when theie Is no milk (low to Injure The ordinary method Is to uso a stick of caustic soda or caustic potash when the button or small horn can first bo felt, illp the hair from over the button with a pair of scliiors. wet the end of tho stick of cnustlo with sallvu. and rub the sl.ln over tho horn vigorously. The operation requires about two minutes. The work can be done very easily bv nne.411 in. in fact, as tasllv ns two can do It. Tho best ag nt which to perforin this operation Is ns Boon as the button or young hoin enn be felt with the linger. This Is usually when the calf In about a week old. But it ion be done with pufcct suciess up until the time tho calf Is n month old or ivcn older, if tho operator Is caicful to make a thorough application. It Is better tn uso tho caustic on the cnlvis when they mo voting enough to Insure that the operation will bo effective, effec-tive, and this age Is front three dts to three weeks As It would sive time nnd material to operate on n number of inlves at the samo time. It might be well tn nllow the Hist cnlves Io lench the limit of nge In our work nt this station wc hnvo used tho slick ciustlo potash or ciustlo i-nda entirely, nnd In Its use we necesnrll h indie It with care, never allowing It tn lomo In cont let wltli the linger, ns It hns n burning or corroding effect, nnd will tnko nlT the skin very quickly. This can be prevented pre-vented hy simply wrapping the end of the stick In n piece f f pnpei to serve ns n handle In nr Piling the caustic to the head. It Is well tn not nllow tho spot to heionie too moist, ns It will run down tho side of the head, making n, pore, removing re-moving tho hair, and leaving n scar which may show and then there Is danger of It running into tliepje, which would cerlnlnlj muse blindness It would be well tn hive some witer standing ilose, so that tho caustic could be dipped Into It n rouplo of limes during dur-ing Ihenpplioitlnn In using the caustic, thorough tubbing Ih necessary nnd Insufficient In-sufficient rubbing Ins ntised many fnlltireo It Is well Io uih until tho skin over the horn begins to look red, as though the blond w is nbout In stirt. 'Hill will take fiom fifteen seconds to ona-hilf mlnuti toeich horn. More Business, the More Horses. The Nebraska farmer has no sym-palhj sym-palhj with those who fell nn eirly dawning of tho 'hoiseless nge" Tho market for good horses of nil kinds, It nK, Ins never been In n more healthy, cninurnglng condition for the breeder nnd horse Inndlei than lion. Tho evU ileneo on nil sides points In n shortnge In the supply of homes, mull ns are re-qulicd re-qulicd tn inrrj on the nctessir horsepower horse-power of the business nnd commercial nffnlrs of trade in everj-day life It In fnllv to thlhk that the time is coming when limse-powor will he dispensed with becnute better nnd cheaper means of service inn bo substituted 'lho horse Is tho safest, suiest, most economical power In use In the short Imiils and local transfer of menhnndlso that can bo hid The linm-nso demand for tho changing nnd moving of ineichnndlso nnd nil llnea of goo Is In nnd nbout cities nnd towns to fielght storngo centers and Inn'r dlstnnrn shipping ship-ping depots Is such that tho hniso nnd wngon ennnot bo dispensed with for n dn., Tho big, sttirds. tcllnhlo draught horse uccommnditcH himself to nil kinds of conditions that nic possible to rome up In the lino of labor In which his lot Is tast, It Is very seldom he is dlsiblel or icqulred to go to the shop for re-pairs re-pairs Ho Is not being outclissed and every )enr rendered valueless hy tome Utile Improvement or patent got nut thnt olds In tho operation and application applica-tion of th -lower. He can bo converted to many -es when ho i eases tn be active ac-tive nn n dinner of heavy In ids His whole llfo Is one of seivko nnd vnluo to his ownn. 'lho opening up of nillioads nnd tho hul,dlng-nf tianspoitntlon lines nf varl-ous varl-ous kinds mil mid to tho demand for tho draught hone Tho mnio business in tho commercial world, tho more Imises It will reqiJre to carry on that part of labor that cannot ho eucciss-fulli eucciss-fulli handled hy marhlnerj. As time mnves on. us I nprov omenta come nnd go, tho druught horse w III becomo more and moro a necessity, a flxtuio in the oper-itl ti of trade. Demand for Horses nnd tho Future. Some striking' figures nro nbout to re published by tho Depniiment of Agrl culture In n bulletin hy Dr rjeorgo M, ltommel. nn expert In the Hurenu of Animal Industry. After reviewing tha past and precenjj conditions of the Inure mirket he slnle the enures of the det reunion In Kin first esultliiR from the abolition of horse cars fillowerl hj the business d pres Mon of lsn and this followed iloselj b the advent of the blocle nnd automobile auto-mobile 'ihe last two featuris however, how-ever, II seems do not elfect the horse ntniket o inuili an one would think for those who ride the blrcle either cannot niton! tn own n horse or nte tempnrirv patrons of llveij slnbles As to the nutomublle l)i ltommel states this is n mechanical nge when one wishes eveiMhlng to be of i mechanical niluie, but the combination of motors nn I wheels Is not In n erfect state nnd the fascination of Invcntnis ran never stil plant pernnnentlj the othlliratlem of companionship or the lm Irallon of powir th it eomea fiom a pull cm the ribbons rib-bons or the grip of the knees In the saddle lie linn reviews the causes of the piesent excellent condition of the mil-ki mil-ki t ilmarlly i vusrd bv the deptcrslon when horso breeders, heiomlng dls-couinged dls-couinged by the state of the market at (hit time dls-ontlniied the bleeding nf high ilass hoises so that now there la a scarcity of lino nnlmnls Another reason Is the Immense growth of the export trnde. for while In 1891 only K01 horses wire sent nbiewd. In 1 "01 the figure hnve steadily grown to 8:,2;o head The following table of exports shows this growth !JJ . . 3Jmi i3i;u y' a 110 IV57 39 V12 JtS JJyjlvn .1 ivi WJ esciiroi . .. bi722 1S3j io tsii 1101 . . k.'i) The shit ments Io Africa nte largely responsible for the great Increase In 1901, when 37,101 head were shipped to tint country alone. It would seem, therefore, estimating that an animal Is marketed nt 5 years of uge, an export dcnuind of SO 000 annually an-nually requires neurly 400 000 horses to keep up the supply. Another Impoitunt leison Is the In-cicaso In-cicaso of population, with a growing love of a good horse, and the wonderful growth of business, calling for many more hoises than were needed for such purposes In the enrl '90s. A iioi Hon of the bulletin which undoubtedly un-doubtedly will be Interesting to horse breedern nnd bikers Is the description of what constitutes; a good animal for draft, harness or saddle, drivers, nnd coaihers. Hill the market hold out? As already stated, the reasons for the present good market nic, on the one hand a diminished di-minished supply of the best grades to draw upon, nnd on the other hand, a brisk demonel with a widened field to supplj. So long us these conditions continue con-tinue pi Ices will rise Western Horses. An Idaho rango horso breeler recently re-cently In South Omthn Is quoted thus: "Itange horses will be scarier neu summer th in ever bfbrc" He then lioceeds to say that last seison the Iowa nnd Vebrnska. de-tlers canvassed the entire Stnte of Idaho very thor-cugrly thor-cugrly and In nddltlon agents of tho Ilritlsh Government hive been buying broken or partly broken horses nt sev -eril points within the Stnte nil winter long I'rlcts vnrjlng from $30 to $15 for the Intler and from 40 to Jt3 for the former have been fiely pild, thou-stnds thou-stnds hnvlng nt thesei figures been shlp-led shlp-led out of the Slnte Xiturnllj euch prices havo purchased very fair to good horses right in tho rnngo country nnd ns Ilritlsh ngents hnvo been oper-ntlng oper-ntlng nil winter In .Montana and Wyoming Wy-oming It Is only fnlr to suppose that they must hnvo decreased the nvnlla-bio nvnlla-bio supply very greatly. It may be thnt there nre plenty of horses left In tho rnnge country but It would seem to stand to reaon tint breeders woull nthir sell right nt home for uch prices thnn tiko chances nn I risk of shipping to mnrket later In the e1r. We know, too thnt those Jtrltlsh purchasing ngents lnve lie-on active. In the territory ilescilhed nnJ It must be thnt they have bought a lot of horses The range demind for stnlllons of Improved bieeels ought to ho very brisk this yeir nnd whnt Is moro n better rliss all through should bo bought llreeders' Onzette Period of Gestation In Mnres. Sluch Ulffeience of opinion prevails as to the avengo time duilpg which n nnie curries her foil, I'opulsr opinion puts It nt 11 months or 110 d-is, but tho enrefnj observation of several who lnve given attention In the question hns lcl them to i one hide, that this lerlod is a little short of the average. They fix It nt JI0 dis (looel authorities authori-ties are of the opinion that n nnjorlly of foals will bo birn within three diss nf this period, one vva or the other. It Is true, nevertheless, thnt inaies have been known to drop healthy foals nt 300 das and vet igiln other nitres have carried them for more thnn 310 dajs. It Is not n little surprising that there should bet so much variation, but It Is In extreme cases Tho opinion tint mares carry male funis for a longei pcilod than miles meets with considerable favor and theie may ho i-ome tiuth In It. but the question has not been detci mined by such evidence ns shoul I set tho matter at rest In some Instnnces the females nro carried longer thnn the males but ns to tho nvcrages wo nro set some-iv some-iv ha I In tho dark Indiana Pinner, Toultry With the Tanner. How to make the liens produce eggs, Is tho most Important consl lerntlon with the farmer as well as with some others who nio Interested In this line This Is, perhaps, not nB ensy n m liter in) some might suppose neither is It i veiy ellillcult thing to do when we go at It In the right way It Is Hue that hens will las a good rmny eggs during the epilog nnd summer months. This being tho nltuinl lnslng sensou, they seem to accomplish big results with but little care and at rmall expense Hut M'luiillj, eggs obtained nt this season nf the jetr nro not n sourco of veiy great piotit, as tho maiket prlco Is usunlls low, jet there must bo a profit wllh the farmers, even nt 8 or 10 iciutB a dozen, ns the cost Is very light. Tho usual sjBtcin of caring for poultry poul-try nmong fnrmeis Is not as good ns It might bo In man cases tho so-caled so-caled ' hen house" Is not even nn excuse ex-cuse for a building of this klnl In fnit, tho flocK Is left pretty inuili to it-self, it-self, und tho uge nf the Individual specimens seems tn cut but llttlo con-corn con-corn When mid wenther sets In, there hns been no provision mido fnr the hens ns for other stock on the farm, they nru upt to be lift to roost In Ihe trees until Bnow inmes, and In Justice to thimselvi'T In return for this they should not lay un igZ. and thu probabilities proba-bilities 7re that they won't. Hut It they liy the fanner Is pleased, nnd If they don't It nptxirently matters llltlo to him us ha In usually sumewhat Indifferent In-different In thft nnttei. As an examplo of the Interest that ;nany farmers talio In poultry ralstnn I wiuld relate what n well to-do farm er told me a few diss igo This mnn has a luge flock of mixed fowls an I said thnt In the hatching season he set 2io egg under hens, mvu them tin furthir attention, more thin to throw out some corn nnd see tint they were around until nbout time foi them to hitch when he thought he would look them over to know If -ill wns going tight when to bis nstonlshment not n ben wns found on the nest every egg wiih cold atil llteralls coveied with mites, nnd the consequence vxnn he did not get n single chliken from Ihe 201 eggs Now nn the other hand there nte some farmers who keep poultry for whit thciels In them they make a bus Ineis of producing eggs during the entire en-tire sen, thev have i ssstem of doing the woik end treit lho milter In an entirely different light from the other fellows If we look Into tho pirns nnd ssstem of the firmer who nnkes n slice es wllh hens, we will find that In the first place he pi ov Idea pioper shelter Io protect them from tho elements of the wenlher This newl not be nn expen slve fancy kind of a structure, but Just u good slieel lomfnrtnble building, nnd we will find that he makes fre use of whitewash In urder to keei out the miles. He will bo regular In reel-Ing reel-Ing his fowls, as this Is an Important matter It does not tmttcr so much whit breed ho keeps so long as their niture Is studied That tho thorough-bred thorough-bred are better than mongrels will he admitted nt the Mail, by all who havo given eich lot a trial, nnd that the heavy brieds requlro different eire from lighter ones will also bo understood under-stood All will las a good supply of eggs If properly ured for Tha successful poultry former feeds his fowls whatever suits them best for good results In the egg bisket Nearly every bleeder has his own Ideas on this subject, nnd so long us It works to his satlsfiietlon that Is nil that Is required I bellcvo that a regular ssstem of feeding is the only method by which a, continuous supply of eggs can be had On the other hand erratic feeding will upsot tho egg production of any flock. I'ullets should be kept active nnd fed with a view of giving them muscle, nnd this rulo might will npply to older las Ing stock as no hens will do well at producing eggs unless kept busy. V. M. Couch. In.Ohlo Tanner. Prize Poultry Record. An Eastern woman who lately won n largo sweepstake prize for tho best poultry record and results In 1901, started start-ed tho soir with only sixty-three hens. Krom egg, broilers, manure, feathers and snlo of stock she cleared nearly S200. without the aid of Incubators, anil on a quarter of nn acre, but she hud three lomfortahle poultry houses, costing cost-ing together 1160 75 Osster shells were used, hut neither bons nor condition powdeis weio often nfforded. Hens Not Doing Well. About the first question I would ask ansone whose hens sic not doing well Is, Do they get plmty of fresh, ilenn water? This Is one of the most essential essen-tial things In the tare of poultry, and yet It Is very often neglected Some give their fowls water once u day or once In two days and put it Into an old pan usually set In such a way that It Is soon full of dirt and clnrf. As water constitutes a large pirt of nn egg. It Is necessny thnt tho fowls have plents of It The water dish should be so placed that It cannot he turned ovei or scratched full of dirt Tho fowls should have vvntei twlco a clay nt least, nnd In winter It should be well warmed In hut weather they may iiqulre It oftener. Henj will not do so well If too many nre crowded together, I ulwnss keep plents of litter of some kind nn the lloor and mako the hens scratch for all the whole gialn I feed them In older to get the best results hens should huve considerable meat nml gteen bone 1 feed a wnrm nnsh In tho morning. Then n hen's crop Is empty or nearly so nnd they need food that can be most icadlls assimilated My experience Is that theie Is little dinger of overfeeding overfeed-ing pullets I glvn mine nil Dies will eat. but never enough so that they will hove any left to waste. Tetd often and Utile at n time Is my rule Tho same nmount of food fed four or five times a day will give better results than when fed In two or three feeds 14 r. N. In Orange Judd Knrmcr. Value of Salt for Sheep. The value of silt for sheep Is shown by nn experiment In Trance, where three lots of animals, feel allko on hay, straw, potatoes nnd henns for 124 days, ono lot had no salt, ono had half nn ounce of salt each every duy, and tho othel had three-fourths of an ounce Thoso that hid half un ounce gained four nnd n half pounds each more than those which had no salt and one ai a quarter pounds more thnn those which had moro th in a half ounce So It seems that too much suit cun be given, ns well as too little The silted sheep clipped one and three-quarter pounds inoio wool nnd a better fleece than thoso thnt had no salt, showing better results in the wool, thnt Is, larger profit than (n the flesh Farmers Oulde. Alfalfa for Lambs, 1'xperlments In lamb feeding nt the Wjomlng experiment station tn do-termlua do-termlua the feeding value of alfalfa has-, as compared with other grasses, show thut alfalfa Is superior to nns. The feeding period consumed ninety-flvn ninety-flvn dajs Alfalfa prnduced 27 8 per cent larger gains, gnvo 15 per cent moro dressed carcass and produced 1280 pounds more mutton per acre. Black Teeth In Pigs. , hllo looking through the neighborhood neighbor-hood for lgs, I would meet farmers who would say their pigs were not do. Ing Well: that they had blark teeth, and that they would knock them out, etc. One man who had three small runts In a. lot of good ones said he had knocked the black teeth out of them I said I didn't think he had a nic In ..-.., ...u.t v uniirt no iiuei u pig in the lot but whnt had black teeth, and sure enough upon examination It was found that the best pigs In the lot had Just as many blick teeth as nny of the othel o Now, I have raised and fed pigs for twenty years, nnd have never knocked a black tooth out of a pig yet, and I havo yet to find tho first pig that did not, upon examination, havo black teeth. I think this black teeth theory, and the sow sour peas in a cert tin phase of tho moon, belong In tho same basket the wnste basket, and If any of us havo runty plj, I think It better to npplsrsome coursu of medicine than such a rude Job of. dentistry, says a correspondent in th Michigan Tnrm-er, Tnrm-er, to which statement teply was mado as follows "III uk teeth" In pigs vvau once be-llcied-to bq responsible; fop- ne,arjyi eveis trouble tbes had Thes me natural na-tural ind do not nflee t the health of ihe nnlmnl In nns was All these su perslltons ate dslng out as people be come mote Intelligent We lemember when hollow-horn cattle Hmpas and bets In horse led Io these iinfortu-inte iinfortu-inte animals being tiented In n most ei in I and liirlarotis fishlon We have seen the mouth nf a hoire seited with i led hot Iron ls a blicksmlth fnt rlel, he rnlli d himself becmse the (linns of the animal weie Inllnmed and swollen We hive seen the bonis of 1 half st lived iow bmed Into mid filled with h mixture of pepper nit and othei like subst lines and the tills of both rows and oxen split and tilled with such medic iments and In other Inslnnces nit off entlrels Hut bnpplls no attention Is now pild Io hots, and the mouth nf the hon-e Is fire from the torture of the searing Iron llliek teeth will soon eensc lei Io mule the senpe-govt senpe-govt of all sort of ailments In pig Hut these old superstitions die hard, because thes hive been taught and believed be-lieved In for centuries 'ihey have ciiued a frightful lot of torture to do- mcMIc nnlmils, und should be ells-I ells-I curded as lelks of barbarism that lnve no place on the modern farm. Teed for Pigs. The Indian i station h is reported some data on n question which often arises In plg-feedlng viz. Whit Is the advantage of mixing the grain feed with water, and how thlek or how thin should slop be fed' Tour lots of four pigs each were used In n test which covered some live months Tor about llireo months all the pigs were fed on com meal and shorts In the m-tlo m-tlo of one to one Durlnv the remainder remain-der of the time homlns feed replaced the corn Lot 1 wns given the latum ilrj, lot 1 was fed the gialn mixed with an equal welkht of water, while In tho case of lot i It wos mixed with twice, nnd in tho case of lot 4 tlneo times Its weight in water. In addition to the dry grain or slop tho plgj wcro supplied sup-plied with nil the drinking wilier tiny deslied, und the nmount consumed recorded re-corded 'lho nverngo dally gains of the four lots were In every case a little over four pounds a day; tho gain le-quired le-quired u pound of gruln by the four lots was 3 69, 3 80 3 74 and 3 75 pounds, respectively, while the cost of food a pound of gain ranged fiom 2 S7 cents In the case of lot 1 to 3 01 cents In the case of lot .' During the test lot 1 (fed the diy grain) diank 3375 pounds ut water, lot 2 did not receive nil the water thev desired In tho slop fed, und consumed u total of 3031 pounds, lots 3 nnd 4 received ull they desired In the slop, the amounts thus taken being 4871 and 6928 pounds respectively. The figures recorded by tho station show that rigs weighing sixty pounds, fed dry feed, consumed on an average 2 35 pounds nf water dally, nnd thnt this amount Increased nearly constantly Until these same pigs weighing .(.18 pounds consumed 1107 pounds a clay, it Is also shown thnt pigs fed water In their food ns a slop, when weighing nbout sixty pounds, consumed ilther 2 42 4 25 oi 5 79 pounds of wuter a day, while these same pigs weighing 213 to 222 pounds consumed either 8 17, 14 or 18 pounds of water n day, Undoubtedly much of this water was consumed iin-neiessarlly, iin-neiessarlly, and certainly lot 4 wns given much more water with Its grain than was required. Thero wns no ma-terlul ma-terlul difference on the appearance of the pigs In either lot. so fnt ns quality Is concerned, and so fur as this ono experiment ex-periment goes the use of two times the weight of vvnter to grain Indlrntes n satisfactory proportion In view of the fact tint tho pigs fed dry grain mndo slightly better gains than those fed grain mixed with wnter In form of slops, "It would appear that there Is realls no gain In feeding tho pigs ,i slop Instead of u dry grain, excepting as n feeder may regard It a matter nf convenience ' Pinners' llulletln No 131 United States Department of Agriculture. Agri-culture. Dignity of Firm Labor. The bishop of Shrew shury, preaching at a hatvest festlvnl In his diocese last week, mado some Interesting remarks concerning lahof on the land He said It was Impossible to be unaware of tho fact lint thero was a growing distaste for this- that the lot of the agricultural laborer was III thought of, even looked down upon: that theie was an unwillingness unwill-ingness on lho part of tho lids who had Biased longest nt school nnd profited profit-ed by tho good educntlon tint wns now given to go to farm work, ns though It wan n pilling beneath thorn, and they were fitted for something better for emplosment In town, in somo nf the nits nnd crafts, the manufactures nnd business which found their home In them He deslrevl. In opposition to this view, to uphold what he did not hesl-tnto hesl-tnto tn call the dignity of tho work of thu cultivation of tho soil f'ertnlnly It wns the oldest of all Industries, ap-pointed ap-pointed hy Ood Himself for man. He-fore He-fore man fell, In tho diss of his innocence, inno-cence, they lend that find took tho man whom He had made ' and put him In tho flarden of Tden "to dress It nnd to keep It " And lifter tho fill the necesslts was still I lid upon man to cultivate the soil as tho condition of obtaining from It his d illy hrrnel, though, ns part of the penalty of sin, It should bo with illlllculty and with effort, nnd In tho sweat of his brow, such ns ho did not experience before, for the efTth (hired the curse which mans disobedience brought upon him, and, left utitllled, It would bring forth thorns nnd thistles, und worthless weeds nut ns husbandry nnd labor In tha fields were the oldest Industry, so It wns tho most necessary and universal, uni-versal, for man nnd beast nllke were dependent upon It for existences And though nil that the earth produced was Gods gratloua gift. He gave It as the result of mans careful, toilsome libor. And so It followed that thera wo no Industry to be compured to It, or In all put together, to be compared for a mo. ment to tho loss vv tilth would be Inflicted In-flicted on the woill if, thiough the abandonment of I ibor on the land. It was permitted to go out of cultivation und the suppls of food were to ceake Those who did not know, continued tho Illshop, becnuso they did not think, wore opt to Imuglno thit thero was no skill In agricultural labor whereas the fact was that nn experienced laboier who was rouly for nnv nnl every kind of work that n farm d"t inded, need, ed, and Indeed possess i nn lutein-renco lutein-renco more kevn and vai id than many tlasses of mechanics who, through the subdivision of tho work which prevailed pre-vailed In overy kind of manufacture, were engaged da ufter day on a single pleco of pioluitlon oi construction only nnd were not ixqulrcel to go beyond It, He asked them to tike that thought with them, that they might recognlzo the dignity of labor in tho lleldH, that they wcro prepnilng the wuy for (lod Hlni"l' tn work Theiefore. he wsiuld say to tho lads and younger men. do not think meanly of farm I ibor, as though they were too t,ood for It, but ubeileY thut, it pHetcd to them an cm- plosment In which their powers of bods and mind too might be healthily developed nnd thes might help to pcr-petuato pcr-petuato for their fatlteiland a vigorous, brave ind Independent race Mark Lane Hxpre lighting Insect Pests. Tor some time I hive felt tint the efficiency of Ihe lime sulphur mil silt wnrh, so cxtenslvel) used on tho Ti-rlllo Ti-rlllo coist for the destruction of scvile Insects nnd other fruit tree pests hid not been sufficiently tested In ;iMrrn orchards to w at rant a general conclusion conclu-sion that II whs not an effective rem-rdv rem-rdv Tinm tests made In n practical wis list seiKon hi Oeriivnrc, M inland in-land New Jersey nnd Canada It seems icrfertls cleai thnt this miterlil inn be used over n wide men, to good advantage ad-vantage In orchards In Tested with Sin Jose srnlc In ull cases the m iterlni was npplled eirls In the spring Just before the buds opened In Delaware II was used upon npple plum and pear tiees. In New Jersey on peaih. penr nnl plum, nd In Mars land nnd email em-ail t on peach nnd iipple About 1500 peach nnd npple tices were sprased In a Hlue Illdgo mountain orchard, between be-tween Mnrch 2!nil nnd Apill 13th. In some cases the blossoms of the peach were almost open nnd the wash drew the color Komewhit, but dll not kill moro than 3 to fi Mr tint of the buds It was far more effective In checking the scale than nny oilier material used The cost will vary somovvhit. but should not exceed l'j to 2 cents ier gnl-lon gnl-lon nt the most In iny locitlon, nnd ran be mado foi less In lections where lime Is nbundnnl nnd easily obtained The material should bo npplled vvhllo still hot or woim with an ordinary sprny pump, such ns used for IkiiiIiiiux The mlxtuio Is hither difficult to pre-pnre pre-pnre nt fltst, but whn tho pioper equipment Is situred and the necessary neces-sary nuitet tila uie on hand, It Is no inoic difficult to make thin tho whnlo oil toip or kerosene emulsion wnshes The secret of the succcees depends lurgely upon tho moniuir In which tho mntcrlal Is mado nnd the thoroughness wllh which It Is npplled to the trees Those who desire to experiment this eenson In scttlons whero It hns not been thorough!) tested should uso tho following formula und spiny Just be-fnro be-fnro tho buds open In the spring. Tho materials nro n follows Vn-slicked Vn-slicked lime, 40 pounds, flour nf sulphur, sul-phur, 20 pounds; common salt, 15 pounds; nnd wnter enough to make CO gallons. At first take 10 pounds lima nnd 20 pounds sulphur nnd boll thoroughly thor-oughly over a good (Ire for nn hour nnd a hnlf or until the sulphur Is thoroughly dissolved When tho solution nsnumes am amber color. It Is on Indication that tho sulphur Is practically nil dissolved. It should be stirred frequently during the boiling process The remainder of tho lime, 30 pounds, should ha slacked thoroughly hy pouring hot water over It. Add tho 15 pounds of salt while It Is still boiling and stir ocaulnnnlly until un-til tho salt Is dissolved. The llmo ami salt material Is then added to tho llmo nnd suli hur solution thoroughly stirred nnd cooked a hnlf hour longer Enough I ot wnler should then be added to mako CO gallons Hcforo being placed In tho spray pump It should bo thoroughly stialncd through a fine mesh strainer to keep foreign particles out of the spray pump. Whero a traction cnglno or other boiler Is mailable, tho in iterlni can bo boiled with stenm. In such cases tho solution Is more quickly mido and Is not so difficult to prepare Whero only small quantities -are needed, I irge lion kettles, feed cookers or any other vessel used on tho farm for boiling water wa-ter can be used Trull fcrowera should not plnco too much conlldenco In this new romeds', but should glvo It a thorough thor-ough trial In Ihelr oichnrds. In a small wis In comparison with 2 rer cent crude petroleum nnd tho two-pound so lutlon of whnlo oil sonp. A willlcleitt number nt trees sho- ' bo tnken to mako It a commercln -Iment rath er thnn conflno It tn a v trees Wherever Wher-ever It has been tried ider tho conditions condi-tions named nbove It I s been entirely satisfactory. In evei case whero It was UBOd Inst eir the owners are going go-ing to spray moro extensively this sexi. son with II W. O. Johnson In Orange Judd Knrmer. . Brstroylng San Jose Scale. The Illinois Stnte entomologist sijn he has nbnndnned kerosene In ull Its forms nnd Is now using whnlo oil soap or the lime, sulphur nnd salt mixture It Is a well-known fact thu In Wnsh-Ington Wnsh-Ington nnd Oregon lho lime, sulphur nnd salt wash Is very effective even In rainy weither, nnd undei climatic conditions con-ditions very Blmllnr to thoso found In Illinois The winter In Illinois has been open and drs, favorable In this miterlil, mite-rlil, nnd the results have been veis sallsfartois It Is claimed lint at lease 9 per cent of icalo on tieen treated treat-ed with tho L H ft wish .ire dc id Indications In-dications are tint the other r. per rent will be drstroscil before spring. Only a slnglo application was made. The outlook for the ixtemlvo uso of this material for San Jose scale In Illinois and other orchards Is promising. Irrigating Alfalfa rields. Tor over thlrts sears I havo cultivated culti-vated alfalfa in Cache vnllej. I begin In a small way as an experiment, but it long since became a staple crop with me, which I could not get along with-out with-out 'Ihe first crop I hardly ever Ir-llgate, Ir-llgate, ns thero Is gcnenlly enough rain In the eaily part of tho summer tn mature It, It Is ready for cutting between June 1st nnd l.'th This Is on heavy land with a cliy subsoil On Ight land with a gravelly subsoil It I necessary to Irrigate As soon as tho first crop Is off. I Immediately turn on the water und tho second crop makes a wondeiful growth, so that In tlx weeks It Is leady for tho mower again. A week befme tutting 1 generally gen-erally lrrlrato this crop nrnln, this starts the last crop to crowing Ilefore the second ciop Is olf, lho Held Is gretn again I find thit with this method tho last Vrop Is but veiy little Inferior tn tha others so fai us quintlty Is concerned, nnd In quality it Is superior for milk producing. The lust crop usually Irrigated again about tho mlddlo of Aunisi and cut September 10th to nth After this the lund will still innke t,ood pustui-age pustui-age until winter sets In 'ihe average yield Is about two tons to thu ucre for the two first cuttings, und one and n half for the last I have grown alfalfa on the same land fot ten tonseiutlvo Sears and have found r.o great differ-en differ-en In the crops I have ono small patch, which Is twenty-eight senrs old. and It still pioduces threo good ciops a sear I feed alfalfa to my horses both winter und summer, giving grain onlj on rare occasion I havo expeil-enced expeil-enced no bnd effects fiom Its constnnt use My cows do well nil winter nnd when they lenve some of the coirse stalks In tha mnnger, I feed these to the hoises, ns they piefer them to the leaf , vAUer, Jand has been In alfalfa fot ten senrs It will produce three good crops B of cither whent or oats Alfalfa has H one other virtue When Hnd In over- H grown with wild oats or wild mustard H If put Into alfalfa the litter will snju H subdue the weeds Christian Larsen H In Oringo Judd l'nrmer H 'sH Alfalfa vs. Heel Clover. H The Dilrsmiu Is coming tn bo a strong believer In nlfnlta It believes H that it Is a much surer crop than red M clover, whole the farmer handles It with Intelligence It Is a plant tint has H Its own way of growing A study of Its likes and dislikes, nnd Its habits H of growth, must be mnde. It will not H do to sow It with rso or whent, enrly 1 In the spring, nn many farmers havo teen uccustonied to do with clover It M will not catch that wns It must havo H a well prepired, rich, deep seed bed. H It must have the best chance possiblo H to estublish n deep loot growtli tho llrst summer, or It will not survlvo tho H following winter. H It must not be pastured tiy horses or rittlo fnr It will not stand heavy treading In northern latitudes It .H must hive a chance to make at least M a foot nf growth In tho fall, to act as M a ret ilner nf tho snow and a cover tn H the toot crowns. H W hen vcr vvnter stnnds and Ico forma M about the crown, tho plmt Invariably M kills There nre lots nt points nbout It 1 which farmers should studs, and which M it will pay big profit tn study. M When Its laws uro obesed It Is moro H bards, and at leist four times ns Inst- M Ing ns ml clover lloirds Dilrymnn. M Gontn Mako Good Farm Hands. M fioits innko successful farm bands H In Mlssnuil a A IJ. 1:111s. secretary H of the Htnto lloird of Agriculture, M draws his conclusions from the ro- H suits of a twelve months' experience H with goats In the capacity ot laborers H W hen put tn graze uu bnd binds n herd H of Angora gouts will consumo all the M weeds nnd undesirable shrubbery, eat- M Ing cloHe to the roots nnd snv Ing tho H cxpeiiBo nf having the Innd cleared hy H hard work. Societal y Kills advises H fanners to Invest In goats nnd says H that much land inn be redeemed In H this manner. The experiments will bo H conducted on n larger scale In the fu- H turc, ns Missouri formers have now H tnken up tho goat question In earnest. H Chicago Itecnrd-Ilcrulil. M Starting Tomato Plants. H Tho New Hampshire experiment sta lion has mado some tests with melh- H oils of starting tomntn plants. In ona H test, tho plants who transplanted Into H small boxes, so arranged that the bnt- H torn would be easily removed and tho H dirt allowed to slip out, and In the H other, they were transplanted Into H four-inch pots. When the pots wcro, H used the plants matured und bore fruit H earlier than the plants In the llrst ex- H pertinent. Tho station notes that H 'while the pot system takes more tlma H and occupies moro space, yet from thev H experiments made. It surely pays." H Another experiment showed that the -fH kind of soil In which the tomatoes were H plnntcd reemed to hnve an effect on tho H amount ot rot produced hero tha H soil wns Inclined to dry out, the rot H wus more prevalent, vvhllo on tho H lonmy, moist soil, thero wns very llttlo H H Poultry Itnlolnr; for Pleasure and H Profit. H In nil business enterprises It Is nn cs- H tabllshed fact tint to Insuro a reason- H ableo degrco of success one must bo In H sympathy with their undertaking In H every detnll. The sime Is truo In regard H tn poultry raising Years ago every H farmer kept chickens' barnyard H Hocks,' they were rightly named of no IH pnrticulir bleed, generally "puro H mongrels." They were Bmall In size, In- H ferior as tn quality ot flesh nnd number H of eggs produced. Wild as the pro- H verblal hiwk, they 'rustled' for their H meals, except on those raro occasions H when some ono remembered to throw H them a handful ot grain. Their nests V wero hldd'-n, nnd broods of little fright- B ened chicks wero hntched nn the sly, H to bo raised by the hens uloue. provided H tin skunks, weasels or rats dldn t catch them Ihls system nf poultry H raising furnished somo sport for tho H 5 011 nge r members of the fnrmer'n H fnmlls, whose business It wns to 'hunt &B thnct.gs' or ' run down' nny untortu- H nam fowl thnt was detained for tho H family dinner Hut lho tide of pro- H gresslon sweeps onwards, nnd chair H husks nre carried ulong, nn well na H gieil logs nnd tho poor little neglected JM her,, with her bony frame and long legs H wns caught and swept along, nnd when jH finally landed was something worthy tn fH attract attention bs her innny good jH qualities And she does not stand still, If-H though her body Is heavier nnd her legs llaH shniter. She Is forging to the front In IH n way she never could hnve done hnd IH she been left forever on tho "old fnim " jH with a tail fenen for a roost nncl n nest- H ltig plnco on Ihe ground under a clump IH of nettles It requites more than a t feather nnd n hack number or tho IH Anirrhnn Poultry Journal to bo nn jH exierlenied poultiy raiser. One must usiiiff mills lllui the chickens themselves bo usllV willing to miko n study nf them, their IssiV w ints nnd needs, ami glvo them per- sllH' snnnl attention aaB- hn often we hear the query, "Which! ssllV Is the best breed of fowl' ' and ono can- m, nut answer In a manner satisfactory to 'aHi nil My expeilenco covers a period of ,H twenty-live scars nnd keeping them as lM I do now, for eggs nnd tnble use onl H will nny tint I prefer a mlxtuio I IH hnvo hied light nnd dark brahmis, buff IbiiH cochins, brown nnd while leghorni kV nnd blnrk Inngshangs for 'show,' and H never fnlled to get my full shato of lIsH first prizes whenever I exhibited Hut. tlH I llnd morn satisfaction In keepinn H chickens for practical purposes, and my ssiH lock consists of onuses between llghl IH hrahniiis, black langshangs. leghorns IsHBi and pljmouth rocks it would lie hird to llnd a healthier, handsomer or mor B contented crowd thnn this Hock of mine H To those who breed for market and issiH egg purposes, my udvlce Is to cross H the heavv light brnhmns. Inngshangt ftllH and cochins wllh tho llrhter breeds, H suit! as lighnrns nilnorc.is, pis mouth issiaV rocks nnd gunits, and by so doing you IH combine weight and stability with ac- LH tivlty und egg producing; qualities, and aiH no-setting quality, also. In regard (a K the many disease? that fowls are heir H to, remember that an ounce of prevon- H lion b worth ten pounds of cure. Set H to It thnt jour fowl have clean, warm H quarters, nre free from lice hava H nourishing food, fed at regular times, .isisH pure water and the chances are (hat vou IbbbbbiI will huvu no serious ailments unions IbbbbbbbI them If ynii Introduce new fowl? isH among sour flock, be suro thnt they ar IsiaM peiftctly healths, or jour own chickens iiIibbbbbbI may be Infected My first experience! ! flH with roup occurred nbout fifteen years ''isbbbbbbI ago. I was then breedlmr light hrali- H mns. ind had exhibited a pen of H biaulleb nt a poultiy show, taking first lisBBBssil prize, receiving several orders for etna IH at a fancy price and some ordeu lot isaH h S'bte llni, pcn no "pen t I " , t r tu- thousand mil " '' l ion f wealth nnd fiim1 l in. I up j li rire m My prize winners had locn ' i hull' but u few 'lays when they lie-B lie-B in in inir and noon developed a hail cae of up ly whole flock Hhout a s liuncii was Infected I noon found ' oth r sjiehltnrs were In tin some boat m u I ic i' "..irk thiol mined lo save H h tin rlu kens nr illo In the attempt i 5 Th chli k n houa.' had it bnnrd floor, H ! o I vli I mine stones iloeo together 1 i i it t ft skillet on them iimile a fire H I in It nl lm bel o( icails vms H f fill oured on it iiuart of pine tar 1 i un I "i rikl'M a teaspoon of sulphur j ; nnthit riim I closed thothlikcn- H linn nl let them 'smudge" I mini H c n hi. ken ami (hoy never hail a H ! Km h of It nirnlti Hut their beautiful H t. frnth is voir smoked ulmnsl black nf l course I wna veiy inreriil with them for B sovcrul weeks keeplim them closely B housed till all rlmiKur was pussed, unci !m glvlntr warm food If you want hens to lay, juu mint food wllh a view to prndurlnir onus . Warm soft fond In the morning unit H ' pmn at nljeht w lth table m rn pa Inoken fresh bon 01 burned Wtm and raw H rut-it , t ips Some ilalin t tu meat n m K s hi 1.1 saveine Noilouht a savage ' hen la .it object from whlih a hrnve H ti li li nil Hi e, colllHillnic hlmaelf with H the li Inn in a philosophy, Us "I lint C li w nil i I,, better to be a inwuid fur 1 II e imniiti i tluiti tn h" il-mi nil th. tent H of hii llf mil' ' Hut In "Pile of this H h sure t feci raw meat. If you do not 1 wit. s ,i hone mill line K fl.it iue.K and H lie ivy hammer. B Ni r u-' a i nt kerel but one season nnd b' m sine that he la not relateil Jj o any nf the hone If ou crona thi Ji biccd, use the heavy hens, and light Jl wdflit tntkctcl If J oil have r (link JI of Just omition hens ' lake gicnd J) care of Hum never Inbreetl, and tho Jl rrsnlt will sin prise ynu JU l-rotn the lime ulie appeara on the JBI f.rene n little helpleaa lull I of II HIT. tn I the time when either roaated or frlmi- JW feed aha tnnkea u mnrael fit for the JH pnlnte of n klnx or nny other mull, JHI I Mio In 'a IhlnK of henuty mill n In) JW I forcer" A, Hj j. Agrlculturnl Comment. IHj The piotlta of iiKrkullilro for many H enra were at a loiv chli In every pni- H tl n of the Klobe Not nlone on th do- K plcted nnd imky fnima of New I!hk- IPJU ' lnnd hut In the fertile prairie illnlileta JH 4 of the Middle West nnd thioiiKhniit JH j the Initiated seainns nf the United JH 1 Hlulen In India, the drlentnl loiintrlea JH jj Atistrnil'i Hiiulh Ameiliii nnd III i:u- JH p rope llmlf the hard times Ion prliea Jl r nnd deptn-si'iu weie fr It nlniost eiiial JH J I) I ultlMited mid Impi.ni.l Mruia JH hut belonging to the class of worn-out JH linds, sold under mnrtKiiRes In New JH ! l.nitlaud na low as 7 to $15 per aire, JH from S.O tn .'.'. per in re In Ohio nnd f) i, Indiana from $15 tn )2r in other poi- JH .5 tlons of the Koutli ami West, Iniliidlnir JH M in mntiy Intntu es hulMinK mid lm- JH I proements greater In their origin U JH t rest thiiii the entire farm bronchi 1111- JH ' der for ed sale In KiiRltind where In- JH iT tenti sstems of hlKh itittuie ohtiiln JH 111 lands were nllimtd tn run ilnnn and i"" "lil were otTered for sale at l" tn ID per . ; litre within llft uillia of London, slm- pl beraiisc' It did not pa) tn fertllixe ,. and inltHate the ordlnnr) fiirni tiops The whole cntnnieri lal lliiiinilal and Ifi nKrkiiltiir.il world was In n stnto of jl MiiKiintloii nnd dlalress This state of U ' nffalrs hnier, may not inetir iikiiIii JH .! for mm) )eaii to tome ami the 11- JH 11 tuic Is now bright for the tntelllKetit Hj nnd proftrenftlc farmer tnckKrowe, HI li. fruit rnlser ioiiltr)nian nnd Knidener HJ T, There Is a greater demand I oth nt home HI It nnd nhrond for the piodu.ta of the soil HI tin than for many )eara punt HI U Irrlgnted firms me alnn) a more eer- HHI ,f tnln nf a nop, and In the mountain HI U Ftnles piUes uu usually higher nnd HI 'it more unlrorm th in In t!i. prairie mid HI ' rjstern mutes Lands loiiiuinnd from HI m two tn tlirvo tlmin greater price wlun HI I-, tinder n inuiplete s)stuu of wnter sup- HI ,' I ly tliin In mnny nther seitloiis wheio HI Irrlrjntlnn Is unknown, an 1 depeudetuo Js plicod entirely upon the uiltifall JB ' The renders of the Inter-Mnuiitnln JE r.umer und Itniiclnuun me to be on- Hj gratulnteil upon the posltie cvldeiiio JH of gool prices, nnd 11 luger detiuin 1 JH for their grain, ha), potntnes, butter, H 1 heese meats, fruits, i git titles, eggs, H I 1 roultry, wool, horses, inttle sheeii nud HJ I 1 food supplies nvlng to the gienter ni- JH I . 1tlt.;jl mining, rnllrond luilldlng nnd JH 1 Immigration tn the I'ldlU hIoih' JH Another phnse of Importnnle to the I producer of the urld rtgion is the new JH market giiiwlng up on tli West toast JH Mlth Austrilla, Japin (. hlna, blberla. B the Philippines nuil nther totintrlea of HJH tho Orient Hour, meals, dairy products HH t-otton fabric s nnd mist 1 II menus Amer- HHI Jean urtliies, mathlner) nml inerihan- HJH (Use, ahcinlnir nil In. reimlng export .Ic- HH suand Another loial fenture for tiie HJH next two jeiua In Hie toimttv dlredly HjH . trlbutnrs to Halt Uike will be the cx- HJB pendltuie of JJOWXiOKi to tlOOOOtiOO In HJI labor, materials mid suppllea needed In HJH the construction of two inllroiil lines Hl from this tit) to (.'ulirnrnlu, nnd the HJH nlniost complete lebulldlug of the HHH rioutlicrn 1'itc ItU iicios the clreat rkilt HJH like and thiough NhmiiIii Tin so HJH great enterprises alone will employ sew HHH era) thousand men nnd teams, nnd HJH ' these will louminio nlniost nil the sill- HJH plus locnl products of the farmers lit HHH nil the legion siiiiiiundliig 11 e lines 1111- HHH I dei construction. HJHJ , Many new rnnchea nnd farina will bu HJHJ I taken up nnd unproved mid the out- HJHjl look sremi enioui aging foi un increase 1 HHH clemind, na well us foi belli 1 trans- Han ' jortntlon fucilltics. H One of the II ml nud most Important HJH things for tho fiitmtr to do la tn get HJHJ Ills spring wenk well lu hum! Tills HjH means that the stables and stink pens HJHJ should lie ileantd mid tho maiuiie HJHJ hauled upon tho ItehU and guldens. HJHB Iheti ul! the mini Is mil Irilguting HJHE clltclies sliould be cxumlneil. the weak HJHB llac es rtpulicd and the wnter gales und HJHB lateials put In good order lUiitdliifiH HJHH nnd fences alwna need 11 little 11 paliliiR HJH nnd overhauling, panning und cloanlng HJH t up of rtfuso mound f- 'Uht jiii.I, gcr- HJH den, orchard and barn)!!!-!! should ho HJH ' attended to heroic Die leal noik of the HJB farm luglus, 'llieu tiiu spilng iilnwiug, HJH seeding mid planting und tultlMitlng HfS I Mill next tittup) all the lime und utteii- Hn tlon of the men lulus Utfoie iiiteilng HHI upon the bus) cnuipulgn of Un season, HHj I tho icul sutcessiul fuiimi geueiall) litis HHHJ inudo up his 'plan of tauiptiiKii," 01 HJHJ ! work for the )car A MM) i tn ui t itnt HHH 1 tonsldeiatlon is the caieful plaunttig of HJHJ the amount mid uriei of crop to bt HJHJ raised on 11 hltcn numlar of aires and HJHJ 1 with n given umount of lielii In order HJHJ to obtain the best itsults. That Is 111 HJHJ 1 n), how much ha), gitilu, pastuiv and HJH teed la dislnd foi the ginliig stuck HJI nnd the chili) and thin what amount HJH , tdmll ,ii to market llesldea this, the HJ " nexl totisideuiiton will lie how imuli of HJ u crop of l' H11I1.es toots egutuhlis HJH lnes, etc, shall he raised, und what HJ klndn me most pioiltable The writer HJH believes evei) rnrmer shoulii keep some HHj kind of 11 leeotd of his Hum and the HHn irsults of evil) nop inl.e.l. both the HHH total tiop yield per acre ir held and the HH , nctuil vulue of each nop. 'Jh benefit HHI I of this will be found in making n.in- iparisous from year to ymt in older to Eel tho best results und greatest piotlt out of n given amount or laud and 1 iboi , It pays the tnrmei to ubseiee elosely 10 HH I keep mi ueiount of what his labor and HJU I nutlii) brings him, unit to experiment a HJB little with new seeds ami new 1111 thnds HJB The staple crop in the lirlgated val- HJH , le)s serms to be lui erne or ulfuira both HHH ,. ticcaufce It Is n stead) und pioilUble JH trop, without ispl.intlng tor tweni) JH . ycata In succession, nnd because It pio- HJU I U tides such an abundance of food and fat HHI for every klnj nf live stock cattle 11 sheep, horses, swlna and even poulti) The harvestlriB of ulfalfa is .1 sm ill cx-pensa cx-pensa compared with some ot.r erors I I I and It has to be seeded down qui) nine HH ', , in tc to twcnty-flvu )eius n.eoidinKtu HH the nature of the soil and amount It Is HHD -pastured. Ills anoprspeel.iliy udapted H I to the arid region, nnd Is tartiniiuii) HH 1 . talunblonot only for hay, hut us tsel Hj I t-rop. H p J-'nr ytats farmers lr-v in r H ! IHHy ol their lands gi- wlni, roori und Pi' ""Ik Hr''-HHVHVHHVHVHHDHHl 1 r 1 und 1 n jt n of gialn I n-i Hi--un I -iillng ih' M'lln "n tin niaik. t Hum have even til' I mixed 'aiming wllh live stock to cinifunie part of tin grain growing, thus it turning fertllit) to the soil, and nctiially seen their soils growing richer, who have come again under the old spell of habit nnd for a tlnn turned buck lo purel) grain faimltig Wt know two or three who did thin sa)s th" Indiana Tanner, but who soon rec-nuri-d fiom the spell and again went to mixed live slock farming This occurred several years ago, and I hem farmers are now among the must successful we know. They ate now nrrasert at ther.m 1 is that thev did not go in mixed farmlrg long before The) say their lends ate greatly Improved lure they rave lioen feeding Instead of marketing their nun nnd oats and ha) line of theie has In en for several )enrs be on gi owing and fecillng beif latlie, sheep nnd lings and nnnther has tle-voted tle-voted his ennglis to dahylng nnd rig-growing rig-growing Their live stock now consume the thief products nf the farm, and their land Is glowing more nnd rime productive produc-tive This Is what wu cull tho 'New typo of farmer." The vnlui of rnite for hog pasture Is well settl d now It Is a forage plant of less th. 11 ten )enrs for this countr) lint the 1111K' isal popularity to which It has mtnlii'd In some sections put It he-vend he-vend th experimental stage especially especial-ly Is K leretinble fur hogs and sh' ep, enduring en-during drouth and yielding gool gins-Ing gins-Ing long after grass Is dried up by drouth It Is both sown broadcast or drilled hi cording to fancy of the farmer farm-er 'I hree to four Itolintls of seed are re-ipiirtd re-ipiirtd to the tine The Dwarf Kxi ess variety of si ed, and not bli rape seeel, n member as the lutter Is woithless Those vvlto have grown rap" for hogs and shpep In the lmst few yeais say they would not be without n small neld nf It every year 11 Is a good time now to consl.lei the matter nf setting npnrt u few nctes for it Any good teiin land is suitable for tape Wool grown In the Tnlled Hlates In-treastd In-treastd rnua .M.SOilll pounds In IS 10, tu IQIWlfili pounds in 1901. The sugar trust, In conjoin tlnn with the ( 11I1.111 planter and Ainei leans who have invested inone) in the siigui Industry In-dustry of 1'nlsi, Is making it gient effort to seune a lediulliin of the turllf on Cuban taw siihiiis If this 1 rfoit Is successful suc-cessful states the Ohio runner, we ma) litnk foi attempts In leduie the duties on nlhi r ngtb uituriil products, or to lemnve them entile!) The formers of the fulled Htnles for the pust twit or thiee )eirs hnve been iiij.ijliiic u peilod of grent pinspcilt), but It seems to be the opinion of many of our people tint there Is dnnger of Iheli becoming too pmspi lolls Other lndiistiles Mem tn fmi tint the farmer will m-1 loo rat and sniity, hence the effort to furlhei their on Intcieats at Ids expense The sugar trust Is very much Intrrt-slid und Is undoubtedly toiitrlbuilug u lirgo umount of money to secure this It-Jslutlnn. Our lending ilaii)inen have silos und feed ensilage nights und mornings and 11 feeding nf hi) at noon h.ijs.1 writer In the 01 unge Jiidd Pnimer They nrc not fe-ilitiK veiy much grain at ptesent prlc - The best wheat feeds Chicago, gluten nnd cottonseed meal, me tho piiuclpnl meals A rew d.ilDinen mo feeding beet pulp and receiving Kood results One fnimer who s milking twelve tows told me n few clii)s 11211 tint since he commenced feeding tills with the same umount of grain his cows hid Rained a. llttlo over a fort)-iiuirt ean of milk per day Ileet pulp eosts n per ton in car lots, rarmers ,lve about eight ejuarts to n. feed per eow twlic 11 il.i) ' Another writer sii)s 'I have been feeiliui; siiunr beets to my stock nnd consider them worth :o cents per bushel, or uboiit js .c r ton 1 1 hop thorn lu feed box with winnie-polnted shovel and feed rintn six to eight iiuarta to each atiliiinl. I think they 1,1 e 11 prnlUnblo crop to raise for feeding but ciinnntt sen nny prollt to glow them for augur factory, na I am six miles from the inllioad." Plunking of the future of the btit-sucar nn .1,1 ' lu the Hut remarks For h? the sef estS. 'S ." "V lh". Prodlirtlon h.i !, ""' lir'' r,-Kl"u of morn than Hi (e. iv"'f"n '0","nl Jn. the Cnlte." lu. i 1," V2n'' "" niining Hid istrj Is 1 . h. .J.K "11f""c and that g..at s IV 1 .. . i r " '.' rtaln In assume win- sire .m-n.! V,.rUipn,Jir rro1" mountain , ''"'." ow running to wa.le It require I ost I Htm It. f'rT ,h",1 Wl,h ""'' ' cost tlili enllr ! 7 met '" w peril) and aitnirtivene, ( rurul life niv.im'i , "" x,f,nslve lieet-grnwer v'w V. 1 el ''! "" '"g'jnielit before the ,.;;, ""d Means loniniiii,,, of Congress in..nl !5 hp11i;r"i'-thin of the beet-sugar iL'il'.T.""' ""is tountrj. said "l will "iot weiiri in, ui.t, 1. . ""i" c win nee tie. .,?.. !. '! ,1,"or of mj strug-Mes strug-Mes nor or the Innunierahle and often unexK.,t,,i nlwtniles I had In meet 1 11 ovirc-ulne Hurilie it In su that I I11I1 m.r JIOin.i and .hit it was Voir ) ears ;'.orr"'i ":,l,,,"",'!1",. J"1 la-Mi f Lir" . .' " "!" "'" ,ht fait r) could arrord to Pn r,,r them The to.lnf lay. ? b' nfrV"f lH,,l" until harvest !,.. fBl",ir;jr:.,,,e ' rMu"d " the iK'lier farming that the. r.ililnir of '' ''ad, taught me mid of i le bStl" torslltlnn Into uldih their eulllvallcinia.l ''r""Rl'l land 1 lucre isert 1,1" J "?, ", an?.".,yl"''." fr,"'L 1J '" ' hu-hels per acre and reduced ili , or crowing 1111 1 putting tin wheat on the ears from over tllin'g wale' frue"l',r W1 U,,",,C. 'l " ""'" uiing was true In lesser degree in, tn v .w ,iy '" lroi-e the Increased ileal in f acre of all other crops his JH.ll from M 10 Ml ir cent In tlieise dls-trlils dls-trlils 1 while the illltlvatlon of the sugur be.1 has been Intriduceil In this countr) SJl!.n.'t.l"he I'"""- margin for Improve. ?'" I" firming melhmls the lllcf.-i.e.t vleld would be mill h greater ami would oft n iM.id jui per tent pir atu J he Idaho Ueet-Hugar rompsn) Is ma. king arrangements to Plant severs! thou, stum acre a lo beets this )ear. and sell tho , rop to Hie 1 1 ,h factories. jure inn be suttossfully usisl to take the phi. 1 11 innnt stock f. eel, as barlei anit ...11. Valuable fee-el mixtures ?"')$ nVl . V i'iIu.' SI .WSle !?!",' SJl-SSSn. TK gKil.".nr?lflia,1,:"'tl" lhluf Wells of Southern California. In the s.rles ,.r wiit.r-suppiy an.i rri. gutlnii paiK-rs the l-nltnl Hlte. ceolnglcal survi) has In press but not et publistied. the Wells of Houthetii Cnlirornlu ' i.Noh o and l h) Mr Jose ph Harlow I Ipitln-eolt Ipitln-eolt Mr K II N, v. , 1 1 lijdrographe r In thargi. In his letter of transmit! iL re. "h"J" T."'. r"""! Mr" Instruetlve. as snowing wluil mm be done In other parts of the r nitiei giaira unilir favorable ion" dill, as of e limine and soil am! have no-ciillur no-ciillur Interest In ant consideration of the extent tu which the leild land ian ul-'Siolit ul-'Siolit ? f'!l"nieel b Irrigation" .eXST.1".'"!. ,""u'l I" 'he Han Ber. llhleJ.n"i, ,'"' '" m".hf"' t-'allfcirnn. vvhi.h has an area of Ml square mile., '.'".' ,J'm ?"". Betnarellno mountains IS iX?' "nid ,1,'','ll"nd are the centers 2!Lfr"" iroduitlon t p to eleiallint of 1 feet the lelotlvel) high lands s.e trie fnun front and the relatively low lands nie mil.jcct to 11 Tho distinctive iron of Hm neiimidliio vallt) is citrus turns eitaiiais 1 redonilnste. followed n. xt by leinms and of Isle )ears the yriipe ru 1 liss be.ome .. pcinuUr i.rodii. t llltve's alui-inels prunes nnrlcels, liears peaches and wine raUii and table ihi!.,'t.ii .'rr. " ""."" ,"' Perrectlon In this illstrlit 11 the eleven eurs prior 'ii.! '""ny llpied near!) seven million boxes nf nriuges, an average annual an-nual Income or i00p"tvV "'" un's'iT,'. if .'.V "Ti-blood nf the land Nllh.iut it thi, valley would become, a Mini-ilesert The rain clouds from the ,U . .mS."JI "I fonlensed agclnst the tbiill' ' l;V't.,"-,'",.,n "' " Sierra Jiiiitre 1 nt Can lle-rimi-dlim uiountulns. In the wlliler lime usually hi the form of T7 n:rir"ivx ,,Tr5w.p,iV 4 .oVw"1r"r)'''lrcrr,.i";v'1"i;r . ;v r t, v h t 1 f it w , L M-a 11 Ui ,i ir 1 1 iv, , over J ti d in n d " .k ng clow 1 rm 1, .rs i,r nr I in w iter f uukfvvn I) 11 kn it 'Mi It. In a I tltlou 1 the nit t.r Hood- t'i summer flow or nil the slr'iems rrnm Hun Antonio ireck to Mill creek Is diverted and used rnr Irrigation purposes and probably M per rent or It sinks Into the ground nnd relnr trcrs the waler plane This large underground reservoir res-ervoir slopes toward Santa Ana river, Un most Imiorlunt Htreum of southern I .ellfnrnla west nt the coast range It drains a total area above lllncon of M Mtuare miles 171 square miles or the hasln nre mount ilnnus The controlling nutlet or this grest underground reservoir is at lllnenti vvhrre there Is a larger bndv or water llowlng during the summer than at onv other lce In California south of the Tehnrhnid mountains 1 x-eent x-eent Hlong the Colorado If an area of gravel of Mil tqunro miles should bo charged to n depth of joa feet 11 fair average depth lo assume for this volley -IIS slnrailn inpntllv would 1st SSOOOffrt ill re -fret of water 'Iliese figures suggest Ihe enotmous espiclty of this great underground un-derground storsae lerervelr of Han Her-nardlno Her-nardlno Millev It has been charged wllh waters through a long rv'le of years by Ihe floods described Heme measurements measure-ments made lu ihe slimmer of 1W showed that there was almost three times more water rising In the eeutril portion of the valley than there was entering the valley from the mountain drainage basin Mr l.li.plneott holds therefore that yrnprrl) Incnted development works near tlncon permitting the lowering of this water plane ouch season 21 feet over an urea of lion acres should vleld from 1VH) tn jaw miners' 111. bos or water Hi thinks the ternier method or procedure should be to divert ror the erentlon or pumping power Ihe entire llnw of th" Solitn tn river near the Aiihurndalo brldae nly.ut the llrst or Mil. and tn P turn the water tn Its natural bed at the rinse nr the Irrigation Ir-rigation season Ills conclusions are That a large percentage of irrlgntlnn water returns to the chnnnots or Ihe streams that the movement or the water through the soil being exreetllngl) slow, I his 11 turn water from IrrlgHllon will he a tterm inent source or silppl) that water of this charaetei Is now tnnklng Its ip-pesrsnee ip-pesrsnee on the lands near lllncon that It Is Impossible to delermlne the nmnitnt or water that could be gathered hv cnl-leitlng cnl-leitlng gnllerles on these lands, that the stream measurements show a loss between be-tween Itlnion and the hrnd or the hanla Ana ential or about fnt miners' Inches whb h might he saved hi a lined conduit extending down the ejnon about 7 I miles that a power rannl wnter wheels eleitrlc marhlnor) twentv pumping' plants nnd the Knlherlng Humes nere-s,er. nere-s,er. rnr -f"l miners- Inches nf water could be constructed at an npprnxlm ite m.t of ITVrtO Numerous tables eleven plibs and murteen figures Illustrate thedlsius-sl"n thedlsius-sl"n Mr Llpplnentt's contribution concludes wllh n brier description of the rnliroruu I-ortlnnd Cement rompanv s works nt Col ton In this Millet, the onl) Portland ee. ment plant on tho I'acllle coast With abundant crude materhls of cilcspir. clay, and nlmost chemically pure limestone lime-stone near at hand and with the Los Angeles petroleum for rheip and excellent excel-lent fuel the eompsn) Is enabled to produce pro-duce a first-class cement for nbout three-fourths three-fourths the price or rorelgn cements This Is nf great consequence for the development develop-ment nf tho irrigation Interests of tho valley. |