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Show ; BUB ELT. LBSBES AT BiTS War Signals Challenge America's Democracy, Nation's Chief States Message to 76th Congress Insists U. S. Must Be Ready to Fight for Freedom; Packed Gallery Hears Speech ' . By GEORGE R, HOLMES WASHINGTON, Jan. 4 (INS) Lashing out vigorously at the dictatorships which now dominate the old world. President Roosevelt told the new 78th congress today that the United States must be prepared to fight if freedom and democracy art to be retained here at home and throughout the western heml- sphere. ; His annual measage to eongresa on the a Late of tha nation waa more than Juat that it was a ringing appeal ap-peal to tha world, broadcast inter nationally in six languages, tor the presorrattoo ef freedom and tha la-stltuUona la-stltuUona of civilised society, which hare been uprooted and endangered all over tha globe by the rise of the dictators. , - Accompanying this was stern warning te the congress that It must take steps te sea ( It that the United States le'prepered both In a military and economic sense to resist tba dictatorship Ideology la this country. ' ' ' Te Olva Buggeettom la a few days, he said, he would ' transmit to orange ess concrete recommendations rec-ommendations for strengthening tha United States against tha forces of aggression that now surround It and the whale sveatern hemisphere. To protect this hemisphere, Its peace and Its demooratio Ideals, M said, "we propose to do our ahars sgsinst storms from any quarter, and he added: , "Prom that determination ao Americas flinches," . Undsr . modern conditions, tha prvoiuwnt hio, aoequsio national defense falls Into three categories: 1. Armed force and defenses strong snough to ward off sudden -attack. 3- Organisation and atrategie location lo-cation of key economic facllltlea capable of sustained supply for tba armed forces. 1. Social and economic Baity among tha people themselves. Education Needed ' ' Dictatorship, ha continued. Buy command the full strength of a regimented regi-mented nation, but In a democracy united strength can only bo had when Its people, "educated by modern mod-ern standards to know what Is going go-ing on and where they are going; have conviction that they are receiving re-ceiving as large a snare of msUrial success and of human dignity as they have a right to receive." "Our nation's program of social and economic reform," be said, "is therefore a part of defense as basis as armaments themselves." To this snd. he went on. In tha Isst six ysara administration policy has been directed at conserving natural resources, land, water, power, pow-er, forests; putting agriculture on a sounder basis; strengthening labor la-bor and Industry; putting the banking bank-ing structure on a sounder basis; providing youth with - more facilities facili-ties for work and education; improving im-proving the condition of the aged-all aged-all deaigned to promote a greater unity among the American people. We're Together' "We have our difficulties true he ssid, "but wa are a wiser and tougher nation than wa war In 1 or 1032." It was a message concluded aa It began on tha theme of dictatorship dictator-ship and what It would mean to tha United Statea. "I hear aome people say, This Id sll so complicated. There are certain advsntages In a dictatorship. It gets rid of tibor trouble, of unemployment, unemploy-ment, of wsstsd motion, and of having hav-ing to do your own thinking.' "My snswer Is: 'Yes. but It also gets rid of soms other things which we Americans Intend very definitely definite-ly to keep and we still intend to do our own thinking.' "It will cost 'us taxes and the voluntary rtak of capital to attala some of the practical advantages which other forms of government have acquired. Costs Cited "Dictatorship, however, Involves costs which tha American people will never pay: The cost of our splritusl vslues. Ths cost of ths (Ooatinutn on Pe Stvesl (Column Oul ROOSEVELT RAPS DICTATORSHIPS (Conttauee, mm Pass Om) leased right of Wing sbls to' My what ws please. The coat of freedom free-dom of religion. Tha coat of aaalng our capital confiscated. Tha coat of being cut In a concentration camp. Tha coat of being afraid to walk down tha atraet with tha wrong neighbor. "If tha avoidance of theaa eoeti meana taxea on my Income; if avoiding theae eoaU maana taxea en my aetata at my death, I would bear thoae taxea willingly aa the price of my breathing and my children chil-dren breathing tba free air of a free country, ai the price of living and not a dead world. Dangera Are Plata "Events abroad have made It in-reaeingly in-reaeingly clear to the American people that dangers within are leea tj be feared than dangera without. If. therefore, a eolution of thia problem of Idle men and Idle capital capi-tal la the price of preserving aur liberty, no formleea eeifiah fear can aland In tha way. "Once I prophaaied that thia gen-oiatton gen-oiatton of Americana had a ren-oVivoue ren-oVivoue with desUny. That prophecy proph-ecy cornea true. To ua much is given: giv-en: more la expected. Thia generation will "nobly solve ar meanly lose tha last beat hope ' af earth' . . . Tha way is plain, peaceful, generous, Just a way which, if followed, the world will forever applaud and God must forever for-ever bleas." Galleries Packed Galleries packed with sardine-tightness sardine-tightness heard Mr. Roosevelt's message mes-sage in the gloomy old house chamber. cham-ber. Hours before the president traveled trav-eled the short mile from the White Houss, ths capitol building and grounds were crowded with people, few of whom had any chance at all at getting Inside. Admission wss by card only and there were no cards. Senators and represents-, represents-, lives wsre restricted to one each. Both houses convened at noon as usual and than recessed to await Mr. Roosevelt's arrival. Intsrnatlonal interest In the message mes-sage wss strikingly evidenced. Every seat In the diplomatic gallery gal-lery was fillad half an hour before the president appeared and many unable to find tests stood in the isles and sat on tha steps. Dictators Represented The dictator countries wsre well represented. - Conspicuous in ths diplomats' gallery were the new Japanese ambassador, Kensure Hor-ino-uchl. and Dr. Hans Thomssn, the German charge d'affaires. Also prassnt wsre the French ambassador, am-bassador, tha ambassador for loyalist loyal-ist Spain, the South African minister, minis-ter, the Siamese minister, the Portuguese Portu-guese minister, and the new minister minis-ter from Ths Netherlands. The houss rsconvsned at 12:45 to receive the senate, which marched in a body from their side of the capitol. As the senators filed in, two by two. there was applausa from ths galleries. With ths president when he arrived ar-rived at the capitol was Mrs. Rooss-velt; Rooss-velt; his mother, Mrs. Sara Roosevelt; Roose-velt; Mrs. James Roosevelt, wife of his eldest son; the prssidsnt's uncle, Frederic Delano. Two White House aecretaries, Stephen T. Early and Marvin H. H. Mclntyre, and Diana Hopkins, small daughter of the new secretary of commerce, and the White House military and naval ides. Wore Gray Coat The president wore a gray cutaway cut-away coat and gray trousers, and a top hat. Ha was Immediately escorted es-corted to the speaker's office to await notification that the joint session ses-sion wss ready to hear him. Tha auprsme court was not pres- snt. Apparsntly the justices were not Invited, for they never appear at joint aeasions unless expressly Invitsd. Tha president's gallery was Jammed, ss were sll others. Besides, his own immsdiate party, spotted .I the gallery were a number of cabinet wives. Tha cabinet members mem-bers themselves were given seats n the floor. Tha presidsnt was escorted Into the ball by a joint committee appointed ap-pointed by Vice President Garner and Speaker Bankhead Senators Berkley (D.. Ky.l, Plttmart (D., Mev.) and McNary (D., Ore.); Representatives Rep-resentatives Rayburn (D., Taxes), Ioughton (D., N. C.) and Martin R., Maas.) Ovation Is Long Mr. Roosevelt received s full mln-btes mln-btes ovation as ba entered tha rhember sn ths srm of his military a de. Colonel Edwin M. Watson. Yhere was thunderous applauss from the galleries. Deep silsnee enveloped ths cham-. cham-. bar aa the presidsnt faced the microphones mi-crophones and began his addrass in an unusually grave tone. He spoke uninterruptedly until he reached a line wherein ha aaid the United States rejects such an ordering of society which relegstes religion, democrscy snd good fsith smong nstions to ths background. Applausa broke out then on the floor and in tha galleries. |
