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Show WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS Quit and Avert Ruin, Japs Told; Speed Approval of Security Pact; Petain Fights Charge of Treason by Western Newspaper tT"'"" (EDITOR'S NOTE: When opinion are ezpretsed In theie column, they am (hose of Western Nrwtptpur Union's news analysts and not necessarily of this newspnper.) ! " - C Lli- Z ,....:,. 1;,,. Adding to destruction of Japanese cities, Superfortresses drop bevy of 70-pound incendiaries over target. PACIFIC: Peace Talk First heard after Germany's collapse, col-lapse, Jap peace talk gained momentum mo-mentum at the Big Three conference in Berlin, with the latest Impetus provided by the statement of Senator Sena-tor Wherry (Rep., Neb.) that a high military source had informed him that president Truman had been asked to outline specific surrender terms to bring about a cessation of hostilities. Though Wherry did not reveal the Identity of the persons involved, it was recalled that Capt. E. M. Za-charias Za-charias of the U. S. navy in broadcasting broad-casting an appeal to Japanese leaders lead-ers to give up the fight, had declared that influential people in the U. S. hoped to avert the destruction of the country. Speaking for the government, Za-charias Za-charias sought to assure the enemy's military hierarchy that surrender had precedent in history as an honorable hon-orable means of realistically acceding acced-ing defeat, and that the alternative alterna-tive to quitting now and enjoying the self-determination of the Atlantic charter was prolongation of the struggle and national annihilation. According to Wherry, the appeal to President Truman to "stop the slaughter of American boys and Japanese Jap-anese civilians" was couched in a letter urging him to assure the Nipponese Nip-ponese that after unconditional surrender sur-render the integrity of the emperor would be preserved and he would be permitted to organize a government govern-ment satisfactory to the U. S. Further, Fur-ther, Jap social and religious freedoms free-doms would be respected-While respected-While the letter stated that military mili-tary occupation was not considered necessary, an Allied commission would supervise destruction of war industry. In conformance with the Cairo declaration, the letter said, the enemy should be compelled to give up Manchuria, Korea and Formosa For-mosa and withdraw from other Asiatic and Pacific conquests. Meanwhile, the Big Three meet in Berlin pointed up the peace talk, with Premier Stalin reportedly bearing bear-ing Jap terms to the conference, and President Truman supposedly carrying carry-ing surrender conditions demanding disbandment of Jap forces, relinquishment relin-quishment of Manchuria, Korea, Formosa and other conquests, and Allied supervision over enemy industry, indus-try, shipbuilding and ports. SENATE: Snred Charter Having hurried passage of the Bretton Woods monetary agreements agree-ments and increased lending power of the Export-Import bank to aid postwar reconstruction and world trade, the senate moved just as speedily in ratifying the United Nations Na-tions security charter. Vhe real battle over the charter was expected to develop later, when the senate worked out details concerning con-cerning the U. S. delegate's power to order American armed forces into action, and the size of this country's contributions to the international organization's or-ganization's military establishment Along with Senator Vandenberg (Rep., Mich.), Senator Connally (Dem., Texas) led the opening discussions dis-cussions for passage, declaring that while the charter was no guarantee against war, it provides the machinery machin-ery for the settlement of differences among the major powers capable of conducting hostilities. . Averring the charter set up no super-state, Vandenberg Van-denberg argued that It preserved U. S. sell-determination, permitting peaceful solution of global disputes. EXPORT HORSES: For Europe . Arrangements have been completed complet-ed for the exporting of small hor?es of draft type to countries of southern south-ern Europe, with experienced dealers in the United States handling the purchases. A farmer will sell to the horse buyer in the usual way. Marcs are wanted, three to eight years old. from 134 to 15V4 hands hifih at the withers, of stocky conformation con-formation suitable for draft purposes. pur-poses. . FRANCE: Historic Drama v Attired in a dress uniform of a marshal with seven stars on each sleeve, and wearing iMil a single bronze mil-ISI mil-ISI itary medal on a W&M yellow and green Mfi(fM ribbon, Marshal ptC'.; y- v!m Henri Petain faced ll-'Vsi' a French court on a charge of high trea-W. trea-W. tl?ffe son in a trial that nreaenecl to sPlt jS Y: tne already war--w.-.. torn country Marshal Petain Famed as prosecutor prose-cutor of World War I spy, Mata Han, aged Andre Mor-net Mor-net directed the state's case, accusing accus-ing the marshal of plotting against the republic; abandoning Indo-China to the Japs; supplying Axis armies; contributing to the German war machine ma-chine by furnishing French material and manpower; ordering the scuttling scut-tling of the country's fleet, and. opposing op-posing Allied landings in North Africa. Af-rica. Standing before a jury made up of former liberation leaders and prewar pre-war parliamentarians, Petain stoutly stout-ly declared: "I remained the head of the country coun-try under occupation. Can you understand un-derstand the difficulty of a government govern-ment in such conditions? I had a dagger at my throat every day. I fought the demands of the enemy. . . . While General De Gaulle pursued pur-sued the struggle beyond the borders, bor-ders, I prepared the way for liberation libera-tion by preserving a sorrowing but living France. . . ." While Petain claimed to have negotiated ne-gotiated the armistice after consultations consul-tations with French military leaders, lead-ers, former Premier Paul Reynaud charged him with being responsible for cessation of hostilities despite a solemn pact with Britain not to make a separate peace. HOME FRONT: Ease Pinch Due to cutbacks in army procurement, procure-ment, increased supplies of both meat and shoes are in the offing. Though pork stocks will continue to remain tight, more beef, veal and lamb are expected to reach butchers' butch-ers' counters, with point reductions scheduled for August. Reflecting the i increased supplies to civilians, federally fed-erally inspected packers have been ordered to set aside but 25 per cent of their army-style beef in comparison compari-son with previous allotments of 65 per cent. At the same time, it was reported that with the government's claiming most of the record holdings of 261 million pounds of beef in storage July 1, army purchases have slowed in recent weeks, adding to potential civilian supplies. Because the army has cut purchase pur-chase of combat and tropical boots and service and lend-lease shoes by Vz million pairs monthly, almost 8 million feet of upper leather and an equal amount of sole leather have become available every month for civilian production. As a result, 4 million more ration type shoes may be manufactured monthly, the trade predicted, with the increased stocks posing the question ques-tion of easing rationing regulations. Because retailers' inventories of ration-type shoes are at a low point and they have substantial quantities of the non-rationed brand on hand, however, the government is expected expect-ed to move slowly before loosening restrictions to prevent demand to surpass supply and leave merchants stuck with the wartime models. Sports Sales A digest of the 1939 census of manufacturers conducted by the bureau of the census reveals that sporting arms and ammunition ammu-nition and equipment for hunting hunt-ing and shooting accounted for approximately 39 per cent of the expenditures made by the American public for sporting equipment. Expenditure for all sports equipment was $121,855,. 304 at manufacturer's prices. COAL: For Europe Declaring that Europe must hav fuel this winter to avert undue suffering suf-fering and social unrest resulting from cold and hunger. Secretary of the Interior Harold Ickes announced that the U. S. would ship 6 million mil-lion tons of soft coal to the continent conti-nent by January 1. Should the government send the full 6 million tons over, it will add to the already expected domestic shortage of 25 million tons of soft coal and 12 million tons of hard coal, with the probability that both industrial indus-trial and home users may be cut back further in their purchases of fuel. Despite the army's continued coldness cold-ness toward releasing men to overcome over-come occupational labor shortages, the interior department pressed its plea for letting out 30.000 of the 130,-000 130,-000 miners now in service for emergency emer-gency production. Increased output by employment of additional men is the only sure way of relieving the impending scarcities, Ickes said. RUSSIA: Bisger Navy Having already announced plans for the strengthening of the Russian army, Premier Stalin called for a mightier navy and declared ships and bases would be provided for it. Praising the Red fleet for having protected the country's flanks on the Baltic and Black seas during the war, besides maintaining communications communi-cations and hammering the enemy's surface forces, Stalin said it was the navy's duty to improve the caliber cali-ber of the Russian seamen, utilize the experience recently gained and further elevate the discipline of the organization. At the same time, Navy Commissar Commis-sar N. G Kuzenetsov said that the termination of the European war presented the Russian navy with the task of assimilating all of the experience ex-perience gained in recent operations in line with Comrade Stalin's repeated repeat-ed call for the strenghtening of the country's armed forces. Britain to Welcome Duke Long a family matter to be settled by the king of England, the virtual exile of the Duhe of Windsor and his Duchess came to an end with the announcement that the once-heralded ex-British monarch mon-arch and his U. S. horn tvife would return re-turn to the homeland with their 20 serv ants. Decision of the duke to come back was promoted by the assurance of King George VI that the couple would be welcome, thus allaying the duke's fear that his twice-divorced wife would be snubbed by court circles. Virtual outcast of the royal family since abdicating his throne in 1936 for "the woman I love" the duke previously returned to England shortly after the outbreak of the European war in 1939 to offer his services to his country, Named as a gm-betwe.en for the British with the French high command, the duke resigned re-signed in the summer of 1910 and fled to Spain with the French collapse. EUROPE: Mass Raid Seeking to avert any trouble beforehand be-forehand and at the same time test security measures. U. S. military forces in Germany searched every house in the American occupation zone over a recent week-end, arresting arrest-ing 80.000 persons and coming up with guns, ammunition and such loot as Yank uniforms, K rations, gasoline gaso-line and vehicles. Despite the mass arrests and confiscation con-fiscation of material, it was said, U. S. intelligence discovered no evidence evi-dence of an organized underground, and less crime was uncovered than perhaps would have been found over a comparable area of this country. Of the 15.000..000 Germans affected, af-fected, only two tried to escape, it was said, with one being shot to death. Of the 80.000 persons arrested, arrest-ed, many were former SS men sought as war criminals. Some posed as discharged vets of the regular reg-ular German army. TOBACCO: Auctions Start Starting in Georgia, the old South's picturesque tobacco sales got underway, under-way, with the auctions scheduled to gradually move northward into the Carolina's, Virginia, Kentucky, Tennessee Ten-nessee and Maryland and the chanting chant-ing auctioneers disposing of the indicated in-dicated 1,890.328.000-pound crop at a clip of thousands of pounds per hour. Because of an upward boost In buyers' ceilings Georgia producers can obtain a penny a pound more for their crop this year with a limit of 40 cents per pound. In other parts of the tobacco belt the ceiling averages aver-ages 44.50 cents per pound. Because of the necessity for long aging and curing, the present crop will not be immediately available for smokers. However, with consumption con-sumption at a record level, badly depicted stock piles now are being built up from matured supplies of last year's bumper crop of 1,950,-213.000 1,950,-213.000 pounds. CONSTRUCTION: Shows Gain Estimated construction expenditures expendi-tures in the U. S. totaled nearly 2',i billion dollars for the first six months of 1945. approximately 10 per cent above the aggregate for the first half of 1944, but still about 20 per cent short of the prewar levels of 1939 and 1940, while volume of privately pri-vately financed construction was 27 per cent greater than during the first six months of 1944. Public construction construc-tion was 5 per cent below 1944. |