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Show PREPARED 5Y THE U.5. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE v ZOCQ UmiPZOCO, OR jRA27ZWiSD ACH year poisonous Silz-i- P'an's are responsible for large losses of isSffi fe. live stock on the W J western ranges. Al- X though there is a Umr large list of plants iiSsWJr' whose poisonous P" qualities might pos-Vg pos-Vg sibly do harm this aC-trt aC-trt nual loss is almost entirely the work of a very limited number. If stockmen, 'ndeed, would learn to rocognize without fail half a dozen of the more dangerous plants their stock would go through the year practically unharmed. un-harmed. Many stockmen already possess pos-sess this knowledge, but it is also true that there are others who do not know what plants to avoid or where these enemies are most likely to be found. Common names, such as "loco," "poison "poi-son weed" and "parsnip" are used in a very indefinite way. Of these plants the cicuta, or water hemlock (Fig. 1), is the only one that ls dangerous to man. It causes excessive ex-cessive frothing at the mouth, gnashing gnash-ing of teeth, pain and nausea which result in violent convulsions, and even death. It is poisonous at any season but does most of its damage in the spring and early summer. For domestic domes-tic animals there is no remedy, but an emetic will frequently save man. It grows from three to four idet in height with a white flower. The root is the poisonous portion of the plant. The locos are perhaps the most common com-mon of all the more poisonous plants. There are many varieties, but the one illustrated in figure 2 is one of the worst. It affects horses, cattle and sheep, causing progressive emaciation which after a time varying from a few weeks to two or three years may bring about starvation for the animal ceases ultimately either to eat or to drink. P ilv feaiS3$pfe I . (5) - ft Good food, laxatives, strychnine for cattle arvl FcMer's solution for horses are recommended as remedies. All parts of the plant are poisonous. It is from six inches to a foot in height with flowers that vary from pure white to shades of purple and pink. The larkspur on the other hand affects af-fects only cattle. There are two common com-mon varieties the tall larkspur (Fig. 3) and the low larkspur. The tall larkspur lark-spur grows roir" hree to seven feet in height and the low from six '-aches to one and one-half feet. The flowers of both are violet-blue and purple. All parts of the plant are poisonoLS, but after it has blossomed the poisonous properties are lost. It is most to be feared, therefore, in spring and early summer. The first symptoms are repeated re-peated falling, accompanied by such weakness that the animal is unable to rise for some time. When on its feet it staggers. Nausea and vomiting come later and death from respiratory paralysis is apt to be the outcome. The affected animals should be kept still with their heads up hill and hypodermic hypo-dermic injections of eserine and whisky administered. Sheep find the lupine particularly dangerous. This plant (Fig. 4) grows from one to two feet in height with flowers of a light blue or blue-violet. All pods and seeds are poisonous in the late summer or fall. Sheep suffering suffer-ing from lupine poisoning, show nervousness nerv-ousness and weakness. They become unduly sleepy and suffer from partial paralysis and are' ultimately taken with convulsions which lead to death. The zygandenus, or death camas (Fig. 5) is also particularly dangerous to sheep, but it affects horses and cattle cat-tle as well. All parts of the plant are poisonous but the seed especially so. Frothing at the mouth, vomiting, trembling, with spasmodic gasping for breath are symptoms of this poisoning. poison-ing. It is not unusual for the animal to lie for days before death relieves it. The color of the flower is greenish yellow, the plant growing from four inches to one and one-half feet in height. If stockmen will familiarize themselves them-selves with the appearance of these plants and with the symptoms that they cause it is believed that they can safeguard their herds from them without serious difficulty. Bulletins describing in detail some of the plants have already been issued by the United States department of agriculture agricul-ture and will be sent free on application applica-tion while the department's supply lasts. The plants already described are those which it is most necessary to avoid. |