Show A air I 1 S offal r AIM 77 AIM IMM A A A a SO 5 rn A j Z 0 o ca ja J 10 etli ana i A 4 kv 1 J ak 3 tiep ovel lapid when spi ka a erl stacle coach all pictures except that of the conestoga wagon courtesy the boeing at air r transport Sy system stern 0 the telegraph company which in 1801 merged etli alth western union to make a survey for foi a 11 telegraph route between the missouri river ali find the pacific coast at salt lale lake lie enlist enlisted d alie be support suii of young congress UP op pv coed ed tills this enterprise on october oi tober 17 1801 1861 the hist first message wits telegraphed from san francisco aa to Oni onealia alia the llie west esteri ern Ai vision of the telegram telegraph ph sacramento to salt lake inke I city was constructed 1 ly y the file overland telegraph comp tiny which lik likewise ewite was ft us merged with iti western union in ili 1800 1 7 isoa tilly july 10 and reasons cones tag alwa bor L dicta dictated fed there should lie be a safer and surer method of transportation between california and the middle west than the lie wagon train and stage 4 by ELMO SCOTT WATSON 1 UL 1118 recent inauguration of a 42 hour all plane passenger service serice between new york and san francisco not only marked the life climax of years of transportation history over one of the most hist historic pric routes loutes of travel on the north american continent but it wrote the lie absolutely final chapter in that thai epic movement commonly referred to as the westward push of white civilization although tile the le frontier as a tact fact belongs to long past history tills this incident belongs to the story of tile the frontier its culmination and its climax that west waid ivard push began years ago it cattle came about when nhen in the middle or of the seventeenth century before the carolinas Caroll nas or pennsyl abla vania anla were engendered before new amsterdam had been wrested from tile dutch and while new england settlements still hugged the shore or clung to the ilie navigable waterways a virginian turned his fine face to the west and sought to penetrate the wild country beyond the head of navigation of the riv ers capt abraham wood was his name the date was 1050 and lie he Journ journeyed the days westward ctorn fort henry nt at the he falls of the Appa appomattox mattox over where petersburg va now stands to the foils where the dan ond and staunton unite to form the lie roanoke lloa noke river over brief and inconsequential Inconsequent lal though tills first westward fa faring ring may appear to be it was as important because it turned the minds of the engi ish speaking colonists toward the land of 0 tile the setting sun bun and for the next 2 stio 10 1 0 years tt belr minds find and the minds of their descendants were never rree free from froin thoughts of what lay there and there was no cure for their restlessness but to go and see sec for themselves nearly two hundred years of slow painful rss from the atlantic to tile the mississippi find and ti then ell through the magle magic of improved transports tran lion a swift rush of less titan than BO 50 leafs to tile pacific 1 in mal when capt apt abraham wood set sei forth on oil ills his journey jou iney the time distance from tile lie atlantic to the pacific could only have been mens ared in months and years sears today that same fac tor la Is measured in hours und and minutest minutes 1 and thal in brief Is tile lie story of transportation in america licaus lie aus of tile many ro romantic mantle elements in it the most interesting aspect of the story Is con talked in tile the chronicles of the lost IM years 31 ears last year tile covered wagon was the trans mississippi west it was as celebrated because on april 10 1830 tile the three lenders leaders of a fur trading company comp nn jedediah Jede dinh S smith sinith david el jackson and W I 1 L sublette Suh lette called the lie roll of their of 81 men hien ordered the oxen osen and mutes mules hitched to the ten ted wagons in the wagon train and started out from SL louls louis for tile the west tile the route over which they traveled until they reached the head licad of the wind river in iii tile the brockles was then but a thin poorly defined trail avei oer tile plains and through the mountains hut but later it was to be a broad highway cut I 1 hv the fhe oxen osen hoofs find and wagon ogon of thousands of emigrants who madd the historic trek to oregon for tills this was the beginning of the famous oregon or overland trail trall the smith jackson sublette expedition was not tte me first which had gone over that route parts of it had been traversed by lewis and dark clark the explorers a quarter of a century before hy by the he a baud band of seven men returning to the x W f the pong express salutes east in 1813 front from astoria ore v here they had built a fort named in lionor honor of jolin john jacob astor head of the american fur company and by various other free trappers find and trailers traders who had ven lured aured into the great unknown that was the trans mississippi west of tile the early part pait of tile the nine century but the transportation of all of these hod had been canoes and bouts on the streams and horses and pack trains on the land the sig sl ance of the 1830 party was that these were the first wheeled vehicles traveling on the route over which all the lie successive steps in tran transports tion history were ft ere to be taken from water travel through land travel in all its phases to the ulal ate air travel trave whole volumes have been briten about this pageant of transportation which passed over the historic overland trail so it Is possible within tile the lengths of tills this article only to give file lie high spots in the form of a summary sun unary such us as tills this 1830 smith jackson sublette Sublet tp party part took the arit alist covered wagon train over the overland trail 1847 cormons mormons start west the cormons mormons Mor Alor mons who had wintered at 11 flurence orence just north of the pres ent site of Oni Ui nalia alia made their famous migration to the valley of the great still salt lake 1849 the hie trail hall simultaneous with the iry cry of gold cold if in california became tile greatest great esl traveled highway in the world wider and more beaten than a city street and hundreds of thousands of 0 wagons pissed passed over it IL laio the 1 he ili list ilist st monthly wells fury fargo mall stages began running front from tile missouri to sall sail lake and california the trail was now in full tide of life tilled filled with gold seekers from the MIs alls from the missouri to the Pa pacific september Septen iber ll 11 the first overland stage cobeli left san francisco for tile lie nast enst and on october 1 I 1 1858 1 the first stage from the hie KUBI east reached ren clied sail francisco the first pony express mall began run ning from st joseph alo to sacramento calif allf the pony express continued for IS 18 tilon months until the mp letlon of rhe telegraph line to san fran cisco in october otier 1801 Darl riders traveling flay day und and night us as fast as their horses could run relayed bugs bage of niall across the he plains and talus from the river to life hie pacific ocean 0 ean starting in 1800 file lie express left st joseph twice a week neek making the lie trip to sacramento in eleven days daya later in tillie flays days the record run was wan in marh 1801 when president s ni address was carried from st sl joseph to in ducra fi menio lento 1080 aniles in seven days and seventeen hours 1801 edward creighton was by routes were ere government but tile the central route seemed to offer the best advantages for railroad construction including the most feasible passages over the mountains thus it was ns that the central route was finally selected after a bitter fight between tile the northern southern and central factions for the first railroad following a conference between Preil president dent lincoln and general grenville renville I al dodge council bluffs was vas selected as the eastern terminus of the pacific Hc railroad at which point connections were tobe to be made with the chicago Clil cago and north western from chicago the first rail was laid at omaha july 10 1815 5 and by the close of the life leae 40 miles of track hod had been completed ISCO on slay 10 ISCO in eight years less time than had been allotted for the mighty project tile the golden spike wits was driven at promontory CO 63 miles northwest of ogden utah joining tile the ralls mils of the two roads and forming the first railroad line from the missouri river to tile the coast spanning soule some 1770 miles for the next 40 years tills helped pour its flood of settlers setler into the graat west the great n reat buffalo herds were here wiped abt of existence and with thi ir passing tile the power of tile the indians ments or of the whites ended then came tile the age of the automobile and aai tile the next important date in the history of over tills historic trail w was s 1913 ahel lincoln highway was waa projected ns na a trial to a great president and was later completed as the first continuous improved road to be laid out from the atlantic to the pacific nr nut but it remained for tile the coining of the airplane to draw the lie eastern and western boundaries of the nation more closely together and man began spanning the continent in hours where biere before it had bad taken flays days and weeks the inauguration of a day light air niall mall line fine from new york to chicago by the government in 1919 1019 wits tile first step to be followed so swiftly hy by others that thai the idea of transcontinental air travel as an fact almost as soon ns as it was projected in 1020 the air mall mail route was extended from chicago to then lien for daylight to san francisco on september 7 IWO the lie first or air mall trip requiring 33 hours arid 21 ini minutes nives wits made between san francisco rand and new york vork tills this was the file first time in history that air mall wits IMIS carried ill at night on it 11 regular ir night schedule in tile next net ive five years rears air mall service developed rapidly tind ind an tile lie government retired from froin operation of air mall mail planes the hie transportation of mall by planes being linken lakan over under contrail contract hy by private companies from new york to chicago tile malls were cur car aled by the Nati national mill air transport Trin sport find from ch ill cago to stin san francisco sio over mer the historic over land route they were carried by the file boeing alt ali transport these also contracted to in varry air express and from this hip it was wa hut but a 0 to the limit step wits taken last year when a regul regu lar far passenger service wits mis for both tiny day and night lining today the traveler con can step in on art airplane in new york and 42 2 hours later inter for tills schei laJe includes an overnight s ip in II UKO lie he Is 19 in if sun san o rap net in flying time beav pen tile Athin atlantic tle const ani till lie pacific Is 2012 hours rhe alory of a 11 eq of transportation over me overland trull trail Is at an alad din fairy anle conle 40 eh hv wt r N Naw uan |