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Show bA The bait Lake Tribune. hbruirv bundav, 16 Free of Tiios Iron Grip, Yugoslavia Flounders Amid Faelional Disputes H Jai kson liiehl Washington Iosl W rilci LJUBLJANA Yugoslavia - The Soeianst N out h organisation here -s canipaigneu against compulsory mil itary serv ice and publicly mocked the army's May Day parade The youth h- Mladina has argued that undemocratic election pmcpdures make the authontv ol the ledeial prime minister illegitimate At Nova Revija the local iniellec ual journal, an editor casually repotted that its staff has no illusions niagaine ' U'V? PI l'V.6 He about the vitality of Marxism added "After ali Marxists can be daligelous" Almost anywhere else in this communist-ruled country, such open expressions of dissent would invite a jail term. In Ljubljana, capital of the Yugoslav republic of Slovenia, however. a liberal local party leadership has taken advantage of its increasing autonomy to allow a climate of tolerance unthinkable five years ago The Slovenian authorities are willing to tolerate our criticism because they want to show our republic as special and promote our independence within the federation," said so-- ( "As Slolologist Dmitrij Rupel venes, we have common enemies All of us see the threat of centralism and domination by Belgrade " The Slovenes' defensive, locally managed pluralism is one sign of how fragmentation of authority has changed Yugoslavia since the death in 1980 of Tito, the country's last strong leader. Under the decentralized system left by Tito, government power increasingly has been taken 0 er by the country's six federal republics and two autonomous regions while a collective and largely anonymous federal leadership acts only by unanimous consent ,tv- -. V ' Aw tuteu Russian workers man the assembly line at this tractor plant in joining an estimated The Cost of Cars in Cuba Keeps Buses on Road By George Gedda Associated Press Writer HAVANA Getting around Havana is a trying ordeal for the many Cubans who don't own cars and must rely on the city's bus system But for the relatively small percentage fortunate enough to have a car. getting from here to there is much simpler than it is in most other capitals A Cuban who drives a Soviet-mad' Lada" apologized to his American (ompanion the other day for the rush hour" traffic at 8 43 a.m The American found the occasional brief pauses in the trek to the outt skirts of Havana to be a minor at worst compared with the morning traffic snarls back home The same point was underscored that evening when the Cuban and the U S. visitor set out for Latin American Stadium near the downtown area for a baseball game between Havana and Las Villas. The Lada departed at 8 15 p m . 15 minutes before game time. The American, mindful that the biggest headache for U.S. baseball fans is the trip to and from the ballpark, calculated he would miss at least the first 30 minutes of the game But at the stadium, just a few yards from the front gate, there was plenty of free parking available despite the absence of a parking lot Another pleasant surprise was the free admission. With no waiting for tickets, the two fans were in their seats a full five minutes before the first pitch President Fidel Castro frequently has ridiculed the American habit of buying a new car every few years. He believes the Cuban system of on buses is far less wasteful of resources and also helps protect the environment Indeed, the Havana air is cleaner than it is in many Latin American capitals but would be far more pristine were it not for the many city buses that belch black smoke. - e liri-tan- heavy-relianc- Cuba has sacrificed private car ownership in order to concentrate its resources in other areas, such as .health and education Accordingly, transportation around this sprawling city of 2.5 million is a problem but. as Castro frequently boasts, all children here have access to education and everybody has access to free medical care In an attempt to reduce overcrowding and to encourage people to walk. Castro told the Communist Party Congress earlier this month the bus fare will be increased from its subsidized rate of 5 cents Ladas cost about 4 000 pesos, about $4,600 at the official rate, and are generally made available to party functionaries, highly p oductive workers and people with a demonstrated need for a car. such as doctors It is illegal for the average Cuban to own a Lada. His best hope is to accumulate enough money to buy an American car from the era tiers market in Havana's outskiu ulian Torres, 54. said he would like to buy "a '56 or a '57 Chevy" but the price was too steep 15.000 pesos, about $17,000. for him It takes about seven years for a nonprofessional Cuban to earn that much On the black market, however. $1 yields eight pesos, or more than eight times the official rate; The number of 1950 s cars still on the road tn Cuba is remarkable. Spare, parts are manufactured locally because the U S embargo prohibits their import from the United States Cuban resourcefulness also helps keep these cars running. A Cuban with a car. whether its an antique American model or a Lada, enjoys a big advantage over those who are forced to take buses. He is minutes away from the farmers market where the quality and selection are bettor than they are at local At a Communists Report Polands Rich Can Help End Economic Crisis WARSAW. Poland it PI) - A Communist Party newspaper reported Saturday it spoke to dozens of multimillionaires ineluding a pait member and a rnan whose ingenuitv who saved the nation $1.5 million said they could save Poland Item it" economic crisis - -' eis The Polity ka report on the tence of millionaires in Poland an unusual phenomenon in Marxist states, coincided with media discus sions on how to stimulate people to work more effectively and the need to reward real achievement The millionaires told Polity ka which may "they represent qualities save Poland from its economic ci ims " from catastrophe Polityka said that, unlike sutrn state factories, private companies are profitable bet ause they are small and capable of quick leaclion to new their market demands and changing withIreqtientlv production patterns " out great cost The paper described Polish multimillionaires as enormously ambiindustrious ami tious. enterprising, sometimes g.eedv persevering case Ol Zbigniew Polityka Cited the his job as an electnm- Kosla. who quit a state compunv anil ic engineer at in a busim began an electronics near W.itsiv, small room in Otwoek i Kosla then became rich by developand small electronic gadgets He joined the Communist Party and started to promote among the sale of clocks that chimed Polish folklore music "Lets make our region sing." was his slogan, Polityka said Ryszard Tkaczyk. who owns the Tom.il electronic factoiy with 2tl employees. has a yearly income i f 45 million zloties. or $278,000. Irom the production of watch lestcts and heartbeat testers, the paper ..ml By 1935, Poland saved $1 5 milium by stopping imports of watch testeis from the West " it said ing language laboratories party-activist- - MOSCOW (UPI) Brigades of Soviet workers worked a day for free Saturday, saving the government millions of rubles in salaries, to mark the upcoming 27th Communist Party Congress The day of voluntary labor, known as a subbotnik, was one of several that workers will give to mark important events or holidays, such as Lenin's Birthday The Communist Party newspaper Pravda said the day dedicated to the disorder, bitter nationalistic feuding and apparent political paralysis. As the country approaches the landmarks of the Communist Party congress and local and national government elections, much of the political establishment appears at last convinced that Titos bequeathed political system simply has not worked. Reuter News Agency Ron o Forte, only son ol British hiisintss tycoon and Trusi-l,- i h j so F"i to ( h.iit nun Baron Chat ks 1' wed the daughter of ail Italian oi dot tui faro Satin day in a marriage descub'd in oiiotv circles as 'the wedding ol the i enturv Rocco, 40. year-ol- Inst I'oeli than cietv d niameil Aliai Him 2" daughter ol neuiopsyi lua Giovanni Ricci, in Romos ia basilica in the present c o mei c a hundred distinguished top-sguests who included fomiei 4 reserves aimed "at using and at intensifying production in every way The motto of the initiators of the subbotnik and of their followers is to work nut only without pay. but to the fullest effect " Congress, which begins Feb 15, vividly and convincingly manifests the woiking peoples' profound respect for and devotion to Lenin's behests and an active support for the CPSU's domestic and foreign policy " Across Moscow, men. women and children armed with tec chippers. shovels, buckets and brooms cleaned accumulation of ice up a three-montand slush in the streets, public parks and housing developments Pravda said the subbotnik was deep-seate- d Officials estimate sume 150 million workers volunteer fur subbotnik labor. "a countrywide festival of labor according to Pravda. saving the government millions of rubles in h Shop all stores 9 a.m. to 9 p.m. Monday At one time we gave the republics too little possibility to govern themselves, but now we have gone to the y other extreme. Instead of a y syssystem, we have eight tems and eight closed economies," said Najdan Pasic, the president of Serbia's constitutional court. Factional interests have become institutionalized and are so strong that they can paralyze the system as a whole." one-part- one-part- Examples of the resultant irrationality abound. Pasic said a train regularly leaves the province of Vojvodi-na- . a grain producer, with wheat shipments, crosses Serbia and drops off the wheat for export at the Adriatic Sea port of Split. The same train then picks up wheat imported from abroad to deliver to Serbia since Vojvodina's authorities would rather export than sell wheat to another republic. Meanwhile, the train must change locomotives several times because of the insistence of the various jurisdictions on maintaining separate railway systems. 50 off all 14kt gold earrings, chains, charms On a broader scale, Yugoslavia's economy has been crippled by the duplication of industrial and agricultural investments by neighboring governments and the upsurge of nationalism by its seven major ethnic groups, each of which wields decisive influence in one of the republics or provinces. The national organization of the Yugoslav League of Communists, as the ruling party is known, and the federal government, both led by collective presidencies representing each jurisdiction, have been stymied by the ability of one member to block any major initiative. eight-memb- So far. efforts to change the national political equation have been one of the best illustrations of its difficulties. After years of work and long debates within the League of Communists. a commission charged with examining proposals for political reform issued a "critical analysis of the political system" early this year only minor measures. Nevertheless, Yugoslavia clearly has moved toward greater federal centralism in economic matters in the last year as the International Monetary Fund and Western creditors holding its $20 billion debt have pressed for change. Although predicting that few new initiatives will emerge from the party congress in June, many officials and politicians believe that similar political reforms are sure to follow. For both federalists and republicans. the question is how far the of authority will go -and whether it will reverse the political and economic liberalization that has developed in recent years dvocates like Pasic say increased federal authority will allow Yugosla-la to unify its badly divided internal maiket and to enforce market-baseet eminiie efficiency over the nationalist and protectionist instincts of lo t al i epublics They also hope gieatei authority an prevent one rebellious jurisdiction from thwarting the other seven on common national policies One week only, save on our entire stock o 14ht gold earrings chains and charms. Why deny yourself the fun and great feeling that conies from wearing gold, especially now, when you can own several of our many styles. This sale can last through Saturday February 21 only: make sine you don't miss it in line Jewebv "Wedding of Century Takes Place in Rome Rt iMK Bnlish Pume Minister Edward Heath ball woie reception and later in Rome's presti-giotiGrand Hotel to celebrate the nupti iL A being held Loserphato Soviets Donate a Day ol Free Labor Yet even as Slovenes have welcomed the changes. Yugoslavia as a whole has been gripped by economic American cars from 1950s arc very common in Cuba Spare parts manufactured locally keep the autos humming along. Pr es$ 150 million Soviet men, women and children who volunteered a day of free labor. all-nig- s , Fxtias imike Fxcellence: I llie grooms father ol Italian origin became clian man ol the Trust-housl oite icstaurant and hotel eh, un in 1082 'lie same year he was made a British ,ife peer, and lias been deM r listd in new s i epor is here a.s one ol the wm Id s wealthiest men ( V vue in il ZCMl Option isa lastei Cn d Amei u an lApiess |
