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Show THE TIMES- - NEWS, NEPIII, UTAH PAGE TWO WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS r Voluntary Help Can Save Europe's Dying Children By BAUKIIAGE News Analyst and Commentator WASHINGTON What to do until the doctor Comes. Pretty important to know that. Pretty important to be willing and Me to do it. There are 230 million children in this world today who need first aid. The European recovery plan (E.C.A.) will help a lot of, these children who have the stamina to outlive the ugly interim period when, iirty, almost naked, they must roam the countryside or live in cellars and hovels, hungry or starving. But the E.C.A. is a huge under-ekinand like all great bodies, it n It provides direct noves slowly. Anyhow, its' chief aid which is adminrstered carefully purpose is to pro- with experienced personnel on the vide the means to scene which cuts red restore normal tape and personnel is free from many of the conditions to the rules, regulations and restrictions stricken areas of which a government necessarily Europe. It is large- must employ. As a matter of fact, ly indirect aid, not when th,e European recovery plan gauged to indi- was first drawn up, it was contemvidual cases. plated that voluntary private aid Meanwhile thou- would supplement it. sands upon thouAs an example of the type of thing sands of these chil- Crusade for Children is designed to dren will die. Some further: In Europe at present, there will be saved by are some 50,000 distributing points, individual help such as schools, child clinics and effecfour help. To make that help hospitals serviced by the Internative the many humanitarian organi- tional Children's Emergency Fund sations which seek to save as many of the United Nations. been have as lives possible roung At schools and child centers, paranerged into one great Crusade for ticularly through dried milk, ICEF Cliildren. Local groups are organizmakes a supplementary contribuing in the cities. In the rural distion to the noon meal, which costs tricts, the Farm Grange, Farm Bu- the fund about three and a half reau federation, Farmers' Union, cents per child. The entire mfial Council for Farm Cooperatives, U.S. iepartment of agriculture and other groups are furthering the movement To anyone who has seen this tortured young generation, the effect Is as staggering as the sight of a battlefield. To a young soldier, there is no shock like the sight of your first dead comrade. That still form, wearing the same uniform yon wear, lying crashed against the earth. To me, the shock of the sight of European children moving with the shadow of a living death f , , j. npon them was a terrible thing too. I can remember getting off a train In what once had been one of the great railway stations of Europe-rub- ble ground into black mud, the ghastly smell of those buried deep under the foundations of ruined homes and shelters. Military police, An Austrian orphan waits on hardened to the sights around them, walked back and forth. In the sinsteps for the daily meal provided for him by the ister shadows of the ruins the ghostUnited Nations' International Chilly movement of little wraiths slipdren's Emergency Fund. He is one ping in and out of sight, bent on any of millions who would starve withmission, no matter how fair or foul, that would win some chocolate, a out this vital service. a cigarette that piece of costs only seven cents per child. One might be traded for some bit of food. hundred dollars provides 7,500 hunNo matter what the sins of the gry, undernourished children one not could be great fathers, they glass of milk each at every meal. enough to Justify the punishment But because of limited funds, ICEF Inflicted on these children. There is feeding only four million of EuIs only one way their bodies and 30 million hungry children. their souls can be saved. That is rope's Here are some of the sickening are the which supgroups through facts, carefully collected and ported by individual donations, checked by United Nations authoriuntil economic life Is restored to a ties: degree of normalcy when society Infant mortality in Europe and can be rebuilt, broken homes Asia has jumped from 49 deaths mended and the institutions which per 1,000 Uve births to as high as can care for the homeless put Into 330 deaths per 1,000 compared operation as a part of a healthy with the United States rate of 38.3 community existence. per 1,000. Government aid, like E.C.A., canTuberculosis has doubled In not establish direct contact with the many areas, especially among chilindividual. It is a matter of ardren. Lack of food has vastly inrangements drawn up between nacreased such diseases as rickets, tions. It means dollar credits which scurvy and pellagra. make it possible for the receiving Physical examinations in one to nations buy supplies. tone (of Europe) showed that boys Some of this money, of course, 11 years of age are three Inches goes into food. But it takes time for shorter than boys of the same age the machinery to get into operation, and even after it is in operation, it four years ago. This Is the direct result of malnutrition. Is inadequate' to satisfy the needs of In some areas half the physicians asthe whole people. Much of the were nurses and sistance goes into material things those killed; teachers, trained in child care are tuch as the reconstruction of faclacking. tories, replacement and modernizaI have sat in the office of a Gertion of tools, machinery and agriman physician one room left livcultural supplies. Frequently, supplies of such sim- able in a bombed house, windows ple things as rakes and shovels are boarded up to replace the smashed glass, operating room, consultation office, bedroom, living room, all together with an endless line of pa4 '' "W'-'?."yf tients with nothing to pay for the doctor's services which would buy anything for the doctor. That doctor told me that because of the hopeless fate of children, abortions were the rule rather than the exception, with sickness and death as the re- ' g, citizen-to-citize- Mks J snow-cover- sult. Not the government, but private, This tiny child, long In need of medical aid, is now In a hospital supported by the U.N. International Children's Emergency Fond. Funds are being raised through the Crusade for Children of American Overseas Nations Ap- peal for Children. so short that farms can't be worked until they re furnished. Later they be manufactured. But that means machinery for the factories will comes first Crusade for Children Is a private effort which has the backing and cooperation of the United Nations, and the sponsorship and approval of the government from the President down. voluntary agencies can alleviate these conditions. One may feel that Europe has broufiht much of its anguish upon itself, but It is not the children who are to blame. As Secretary of State Marshall said: "Voluntary aid supplements the general relief which only governments can provide. It affords the things and services, including spiritual comfort, needed by the weakest of the war victims. . . ." Secretary of State Marshal has warned South American countries that there will be no Marshall Plan for them. It appears that they eithft must go out and obtain private financing or work up s good Communist threat to share in Uncle Sam's largesse. modern .resident spends more effort trying to get what he wantt Into the papors and on the air thar In finding out what's there already A Writer Clouds in the East DRAFT BILL: On the Way se Yielding to the pressure of the times, congress was putting its hand gingerly to the business of passing a selective service act which would give the nation's armed forces a total manpower of slightly more than two million in two years. The house armed services committee had approved the measure, after hearing Defense Secretary James Forrestal term it an "excellent" one, and passed it on to the floor of the house for debate. Thus, for the first time since before the war, congress was facing squarely the momentous issue of a national draft. That this was hapdays pening during the of an election year only served to underline the apparent urgency of the matter. As approved by the armed services committee, the bill would: Raise total authorized 1 of the- - armed forces tomanpower 2,005,882 army 837,000, air force 502,000, navy and marine corps 666,882. Require registration of men 2 from 18 through 30, with those from 19 through 25 liable for two years' service. Exempt most veterans from 3 further service, but those under 31 would have to register. Allow seizure of industrial plants 4 by the government if they refused to give top priorities to armament orders. As it stood, the draft plan was conceded to have a good chance of passage at this session of congress. But complications were being threatened by the senate armed services committee which seemed inclined to combine a universal military training measure with the draft bill. The committee was waiting for Army Secretary Kenneth Royall to recommend details of a bill to call for a year's train161,000 ing. They would be taken in addition to men procured through the draft. As a combination, that didn't look so good to many Republicans. Rep. Walter G. Andrews (Rep., N. Y.), chairman of the house armed service committee, called the idea "utterly foolish, inconceivable and not called for." hair-trigg- OLEO TAX: Fight Ahead V se M I . I""X rvrL4 ':;!:"! 158.-00- THt AKAB UAGUI HH'H!!'!'! !J Amateur and professional military experts now are weighing the pros and cons of "war" in the Holy Land. Palestine is completely encircled by Arab states except for its Mediterranean coastline. Numerals indicate estimated fighting strength of the various Arab states. Jewish forces in Palestine are said to number about 75,000. Trans-Jorda- lend-leas- BIG PLANES: four-engine- Arab-Jewis- 0, B-2- 9. B-2- Soviet-controlle- power-politickin- COVENANTS: Just Paper In a decision which may produce more extensive reaction than any designed civil rights legislative program, the U. S. supreme court handed down a decision that in effect outlaws restrictive covenants which bar racial or religious was in prospect minorities from buying or occupying Reason the oleo tax Issue has a property in many areas throughout stiff fight ahead in the senate is the country. that senators are elected by voters Declaring the decision. Chief Jus of entire states, rather than by vottice Fred Vinson held that enforceers of districts within the states as ment of restrictive covenants by are most representatives. state or federal courts was a violaThe result in this case. Is split tion of the 14th amendment in the sentiment of constituents of That amendment adopted in 1868, reads in part: "No state shall make many senators. For example, big northern states or enforce any law which shall such as Illinois, Wisconsin, Michiabridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States . . . gan and Ohio, are composed of consumer cities and producer farms. nor deny to any person within its The country districts include dairy jurisdiction the equal protection of farmers and soy bean growers. Conthe laws." sumers in cities want repeal of the The supreme court's decision did taxes, and so do the soy bean men not declare that restrictive covewhose product Is used in manufacnants, as such, are violations of the ture of oleo. The dairy farmers, constitution: but by ruling that it Is unconstitutional for the court to ennaturally, want the tax to remain. The dairy interests are strong. force the covenants it reduced them, , Their supporters in congress have to mere scraps of paper. been able to retain the oleo tax by For the most part covenant are the simple process cf shelving any agreements entered upon by real repeal bills in committee. It hap- est.ite rromctcr and buyer of land pened to the current bill In the house or homes. Purchasers agree not to agricultural committee, but a peti- sell their land or homes to persons tion circulated among house mem-bebarred by the covenant, term of the forced the bill on to the floor agreement running from en average where it was approved. of 25 or 50 years to "perpetuity.' lec.-illy- ri bricks wqiim Inflation Hits Swindler, Victims Inflation ba hit the swindler and victim. Just like everybody else postwar world. Cost of being rooked by various popular frauds and rackets has gone up In proportion to the rise in the windlers living costs, a report by the family economics b'.irenu of Northwestern National Life Insurance company reveals. Professional charity solicitor, who take 50 to 90 per cent of the public's donation before turning over the balance to the organization In whose rame they operate, now boldly ask donations of $10 to $25 Instead of the $2 to $3 at prewar cale. Their "benefit dance" ticket now cost 12 each, often more, against M cenUi to a dollar in prewar day. chief credit FOUR MEN deserve of the senate passage bill, which will provide low-copublic housing for an estimated 500,000 families in the next five years. They are: G.O.P. Senators Charles Tobey of New HampBob Taft of Ohio, shire, Ralph Flanders of .Vermont and Democrat John Sparkman of Alabama. Only insiders know how tirelessly Toby worked to get the housing measure out of the banking and currency committee, which he heads. Almost equal credit belongs to Flanders, who chairmanned the and who teamed with Taft e in blocking efforts by the real estate lobby to gut the legislast or ried by G.O.P. Senators Joe McCarthy of Wisconsin and Harry Cain of Washington. Both battled e to the last against the public housing program. G.O.P. Sen. James Kern of Missouri and Spessard Holland of Florida, Democrat, gave them vigorous support. Major house opponents of the housing bill are Banking and Currency Chairman Jesse Wolcott of who has persistently Michigan, blocked house action, together with Charles Fletcher of San Diego, long-rang- Russian d Russia put some big planes into the air over Moscow for the annual Soviet May Day parade and managed thereby to instill a modicum of uneasiness in the hearts that could be enforced. of U. S. military experts. h Nor was any agreement in sight which might result in At last reports they were awaiting a truce necessary to give any U. N. more detailed reports of the planes plan a chance. Like a little boy from U. S. observers in order to watching his father trying to get hia gain, if possible, a new insight into kite out of a tree, the council looked Soviet airborne army equipment hopefully to Jerusalem where the It is likely, the experts thought Red Cross was doing its best to that at least some of the planes were a to halt the fighting. bring the Soviet TU-7an aircraft bearing As far as the threatened invasion close resemblance to the American of Palestine by neighboring Arab Assumption has been that the states was concerned, no one seemed Russians copied many of the feaable to sum up the situation accur- tures of the five known to have d ately. been forced down in Jews were insisting, in the face of areas during the war. denials, that Syrian and Lebanese Reported to be a hybrid transport-bombe- r, armies had invaded northern Palesthe TU-7- 0 has' a passenger tine, and the British were reported capacity of 72. This probably could to have rushed troops back into the be increased however, substantially, to deal with what they called if the country were used strictly as a plane a "seriously deteriorated" situation. troop carrier. . Still an unknown factor in the rapidly climaxing events was wily THE BREAK: of states that would be in the nature of a greater Syria. Experts were not discounting the role Abdullah and his g could play in the drama. In the end he could turn out to be the catalytic agent that might bring the events in Palestine to a reasonable, if not a happy, conclusion. Things About New Yorkt Housing Bill st Sparkman was a pillar of strength on the Democratic side. So was South Carolina's Burnet Maybank, who did yeoman service lining up Democratic support both in committee and on the floor. Democrats Alben Barkley of Kentucky, senate minority leader, and Scott Lucas of Dlinois also struck some potent blows for war vets and others affected by the housing shortage during the floor fight On the "debit" side, the colors of the real estate lobby were car- little over two years. In 1945, under a treaty with n Great Britain. became a sovereign independent state. 2. President Roosevelt signed the e bill on March 11, 1941. It was terminated by President Truman as of August 22, 1945. 3. (b) 258,000. 4. U. S. Grant, Rutherford B. Hayes, James A Garfield, Benjamin Harrison, William McKinley, William Howard Taft, Warren G. Harding. All were Republicans. 6. The break In the grain market Confused Low-Co- tion. 1. A March, Time was running out in Palestine, and with it the hope for averting a Jewish-Ara- b civil war for possession of Jerusalem. In the waning days before Great Britain removed her troops from the Holy Land upon expiration of the British mandate on May 15, Palestine had become a savagely confused, moribund state. Bitterly, the United Nations trusteeship council virtually abandoned its efforts to devise an effective plan to safeguard Jerusalem from ravishment by the warring factions. Delegates could not hit upon a scheme 'Mr last-minut- Trans-Jorda- get away from them. For good or ill, however, the house of representatives made its decision. It passed by a vote of 260 to 106 a bill to repeal all federal oleomargarine taxes which have been on the books for 62 years. Those taxes are itemized as follows: 10 cents a pound on colored oleo, 14 cent a pound on uncolored, $300 a year on manufacturers, $480 on wholesalers of colored ole'o, $200 on wholesalers of the uncolored product, $48 on retailers of colored oleo and $6 on retailers of uncolored. Even if the federal taxes were repealed, it still would be against the law to sell colored oleo in 20 states. Nevertheless, the house had rid itself of the matter and now it wa's up to the senate, where a battle royal In the 0; seven Ohio-bor- n Presidents. Name them. 5. Bureau of labor statistics reported that the consumer price index declined from 168.8 in January to 166.9 in March. What event took place in that was a factor in the decline? ANSWERS JERUSALEM: spike-helmete- d his (a) 358,000; (b) 258,000; (c) (d) 58,000? 4. Sen. Robert A. Taft of Ohio is seeking Republican presidential nomination. There have been III fiJlliilli'lliiiill J j'SAUW AKAsi the most pressing problems old King Abdullah of members of congress have had to Commander of the finest army in decide this year is whether their poArabia, the Arab Lelitical bread is spread with butter gion, he had been talking big about or oleomargarine. invading Palestine from the East It is further complicated by the He had been talking, too, about makfact that they might in choosing ing himself king of Palestine. His one or the other, be letting the gravy ambition is a Middle East amalgam One of f?QLD ? can answer all five of the following questions may consider himself an expert. It doesn't make any difference what kind of expert. It's enough just to be one without going into boring detail about it. ' 1. Trans-Jorda- n is playing a key role In the Palestine situation. How long has it been an inde- pendent state? 2. State department is consid- ering some form of military lend-leafor the five nations which i signed the Brussels pact. When i' did lend-leabegin and when was it terminated? 3. Do yon know about how many of America's 542,000 troops now are serving outside the U. S.: Anyone who eolnmna. they are those ( analysts and not necessarily of this newspaper.) Newspaper Current Events ? louse Group Approves leasare To Drafiftlen info Armed Forces; Elope for Palestine Agreement Ebbs By Bill Schoenfgen, WNU Staff (EDITOR'S NOTE: When opinions are expreued la these Western Union's news Thursday, May 20, 1948 Calif, Not quite a month after the abortive revolution in April swept the capital city of Bogota into turmoil and caused damage throughout the republic, the government of Colombia formally severed diplomatic relations with Russia. . That the break was a direct result of the revolt, reportedly Communist-le- d and inspired, no one' bothered to deny. Officially, however, no mention was made of the uprising. Foreign Minister Eduardo Angel's note to the Russian charge d'affaires said simply that Colombia considered that there were no ties which warranted continuation of - diplomatic and consular relations between the two countries. . In concordance with the diplomatic action the Colombian government began to redeploy its troops and reorganize administrative machinery to strengthen its hold and prevent further outbreaks by Communists. . Object Lesson NOW THAT THE ITALIAN elec- tions are over, some of the backstage developments can be told. One factor which influenced Italian votes was the state department's offer to return Trieste to Italy an offer which the Russians eventually turned down. What wasn't known was that Tito had been planning to make exactly the same offer himself on behalf of Russia. But U. S. intelligence services picked up this fact, and we beat Tito to it This was some of the fastest footwork the state department has put across in some Another factor was Ambassador Dunn's insistence that the American fleet get out of Italian waters. Some of the military men around the White House didn't like this advice, thought the fleet should remain. But Dunn argued that its presence gave political ammunition to the Communists. He was right The fleet was withdrawn, and the Commies had to pipe down. One thing which nearly upset the ' applecart was the amendment by Congressman O'Konski of Wisconsin making Marshall plan money available to Spain. Until this was reversed in the senate, it had a bad back-fir- e in Italy. Alien Smuggling THE CLOAK - AND - DAGGER sleuthing of a Pennsylvania congressman soon may blow the lid off a notorious racket smuggling aliens into the U. S. Congressman John McDowell of Wilkinsburg, Pa., has been making personal trips to Panama and Mexico tracking down the border-hoppinof Communist spies, war criminals and other undesirable. He has uncovered organized ring that f smuggle political into the United States for a fee, often with political string-pullinFor some time, McDowell has wondered how the dreg of Europe could get into the United States, while deserving refugee were barred. Worst hole in the dike, he found, was Windsor on the Canadian border. A parade of notorious Europeans passed right under official noses, armed with hand-ou- t visitors' permits, good for only six months. Once on the inside, however, It was a simple matter to get the visas extended. Other undesirables took a less legal route, secretly flew across the border without any papers. In one case, a Frenchman brought a load of Communists and across the Atlantic in the ame boat. McDowell predicts that his investigation will shock the country when It becomes public. The state and Justice department already have asked to see the secret testimony of one border official, U. S. Consul John Bankhcad at Windsor. After word leaked out that Bank-hea- d had talked to McDowell, he received a bottle of poisoned whisky. Later a mysterious assailant fired two shotj at him and fled. McDowell has called i.pon the Justice department to protect Bankhead's life. g riff-raf- jLrr-"-- '' j Ju4 U i,.,. Just to prove that the old greenback ain't what It used to be, Rep. La.- - Helen Gahagan Douglas (Dent., purchased $17.38 worth of groceries aud toted the slim load onto the house floor to show her colleagues how prices have Inflated since OPA controls expired In 1946. Mrs. Douglas has introduced a price control resolution In the house. Calif.) Glimmer, Glimmer Science's long 'search to discover how the firefly la able to light up has been advanced another step as result of new experiment. Dr. Robert D. McElroy, John Hop-ki- n univerity biologist, reported to the National Academy cf Science that the lightning bug derive it from the power of ame chemical energy that humarji use in moving the muscle of their bodies. a nf McDowell's Investigation, the United State has closrl both borders, except for perrons with overwhelming proof of their businei in thi country. A res-jl- t In a- magazine article Gen. Wild Bill Donovan, head of the O.S.S. In World War II, says in part: "Only now in America are we awakening to the existence of the hard fact that the Stalin challenge to our world is indistinguishable from the Hitler challenge. "Many Americans (name two. General) who knew the situation and were familiar with Russian subversive activities besought our statesmen to inform the American people. "Russia's malicious lies and distortions have gone unanswered and unchallenged." - J. News Item: Demmy Chairman Howard McGrath (in a state- ment observing the third ann'y of FDR's death) said President Truman had carried out the Roosevelt program. Who were the other five pallbearers????? Bigtown Murals: The blind man at 42nd and Vth. He drums up trade for the sightseeing bus. ... Backstage in Italy time. Colombia Just about the time city hall wai being built a young man was h dieted for the murder of his sweet heart . . . Political influence suited in Alexander Hamilton f Aaron Burr (the town's top criminal lawyers) uniting in the accused' defense. . . . The Judge was named Lansing. . . . He suggested acquittal. . . . The aunt of the murdered girl Interrupted the Jury foreman as he announced: "Not guilty!' by shrieking: "There is no Justice In heaven if those who have freed the slayer of my niece go unpunished!" . . . The weird finale to the case was written by history. Hamilton, In his prime, was killed in the duel with Burr. . . . Burr died In disgrace, hated and despised, and Lansing, the judge, disappeared as mysteriously as the long missing Judge Crater. Third avenue Tessy, whose hobby Is riding the 3rd avenue bus scaring the passengers with a bowl loaded with turtles. Sign on the harness of a horse on 2nd avenue: "Move Over Auto. I Was Here The Long Before You Were." autograph hounds outside the mid-tow- n drug store (about eight Just to see their baseball heroes look grouchy. . . . The only place that sells a chocolate soda for a nickel: A vending; machine on 6th at 46th. ... ... Mary Dewson ("Molly" to her pals) was one of FDR's earl:j and most devoted associates . V-- r James Farley sent her a copy of his book about FDR She returned It with this note: "The Lord forgives but I don't" ... Star In Tour Eyes: Sarah Bern- hardt sent reviewers into the streets dancing. But she didn't cherish her many ecstatic reviews as much as a note she received from Victor Hugo. . . . After her performance In one of hi plays he sent Bernhardt a huge diamond with the following: "You have been great and charming. You have roused me me, the old combatant and, at while the public whom you enchanted cheered you, I wept This tear which you caused me to shed is your, and I place myself at your feet" Barrymore' greasemightiest paint triumph was Hamlet A producer informed him: "You played Hamlet perfectly." "I have played many, many roles," Barrymor countered. "But I AM Hamletl" In his book, "Late City Edition," City Editor J. Herzberg lauds district men "a the artery cf th newspaper business." Now he' fired seven cf them saying "they are obsolete." In Washington the high court ruled reversing decisions prohibiting the sale of magazines bearing risgay titles such as "Bargains in Bodies," "Girl Slave to s Love Cult," etc. . . . Previously, n less than 17 Judges of the N. Y. court of appeals, court of special esslons, appellate division and N. Y. state supreme court voted to prohibit them . . . The ayes of alt men In one court outruled 17 to courts that voted nay , . The majority rules ? ? ? (6-- Churchill had the Life staff In a tizzy Just a they were going to press. He cabled five pages of correction. They made them because his contract call for them, and he covered himself by marking the proof: "Okay, but ubect to further correction." When they were "caught," Life's Mr. Longwell almost had apor'xy when another cable came "Due to lasV minute politicnlV.i-pllcationhold up all articles!" It wa a gag by an office clown, but Mr. Longwell was in no mood for quip. Plenty cain was raised because of It s, Item: "Dreprtt hole In Hie V. S. Is the Grand Canyon." Next dcrpet t the state drpart-ne- nt pigenn-hnl- e pro-Na-rl In whlrh record of the Grsnd Mnftl Is burled. tl-- e |
