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Show WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS BY HENRY W. PORTER Roosevelt Appeals to Germany And Poland to Try for Peace; England and France Mobilize (EDITOR'S NOTE When opinions are expressed In these columns, they are those of the news analyst and not necessarily of this newspaper.) I Released by Western Newspaper Union, In a desperate effort to avert the holocaust of war which threatens to engulf Europe, President Roosevelt appealed directly to Chancellor Adolf Hitler of Germany and President Ignace Moscickl to refrain from hostilities for a "reasonable and stipulated period" and attempt to settle their difference by 1. Direct negotiation, 2. Submission of these controversies controver-sies to an impartial arbitration in which they can both have confidence, confi-dence, or 3. Agree to the solution of these controversies through the procedure of conciliation, selecting as conciliator concili-ator or moderator a national of one of the traditionally neutral states of Europe, or a national of one of the American republics which are all of them free from any connection with or participation in European political affairs. EUROPE: Near the Abyss Through the doorway of historic 10 Downing street stepped Neville I Chamberlain, prime minister of Great Britain, dressed in somber black and more grave-faced than he has been for months. Not even the cheers of the crowd which lined the streets as he made his way to the Parliament building, drove the gloom from his features. Standing in the house of commons, called in emergency session for the eighth time since the World war, the premier, twisting his hands and speaking in a strained voice, made a speech, heard by millions of listeners lis-teners all over the world. No longer long-er an "appeaser," Neville Chamberlain Cham-berlain told the members of Parlia- I- , . , : i NEVILLE CHAMBERLAIN "Imminent peril of war." ment that Germany was "in a condition con-dition of complete readiness for war," that Great Britain found itself it-self "faced with imminent peril of war," and that a German attack on Poland would mean certain and immediate im-mediate war. "The understanding we gave Poland Po-land was given before any agreement agree-ment was talked of with Russia, and it was not in any way dependent depend-ent on any such agreement being reached," he said. "How can we, with honor, go back on an obligation obliga-tion which we had so often and plainly repeated?" As he went on in a cold, firm voice reviewing the treaties which "formally define our obligations but do not in any way alter, add to or subtract from obligations of mutual assistance which have already been accepted" his listeners realized that he was telling them that Britain would go through with the present crisis to the bitter end, even if that end meant war. And the men who heard him, "appeasers" who had cheered his other "crisis announcement" announce-ment" that he was flying to Munich to talk to Adolf Hitler, now cheered his pledge that there would be no "appeasement" now. - Chamberlain opened his speech by the declaration that "new and drastic steps are required by the gravity of the situation" and that he hoped it would be possible for the Emergency Powers Defense bill, giving his government dictatorial, dictato-rial, wartime powers, to be signed by the king immediately after its 1 approval by parliament. Before that time the king had held a privy council at which he signed an order authorizing the government .to mobilize the navy, naval reserve and the Territorials (home guard) when necessary. Meanwhile the ominous tramp, tramp, tramp of armed men was sounding in other countries directly direct-ly involved in the crisis. In Poland 500.000 more men were mobilized, bringing the total force under arms up to 1,700.000. In France 2,000,000 men were called to the colors. On this side of the Atlantic President Presi-dent Roosevelt cut short his North Atlantic fishing cruise and hurried back to Washington to confer with Secretary of State CordeU Hull and Undersecretary Sumner Welles. His first step was to send a personal message, via Ambassador William Phillips, to King Vittorio Emanuel of Italy expressing the hope that the king would find some way of exerting his influence in behalf of the maintenance of peace. Five hours later Pope Pius XII, supreme head of the Catholic church, went on the air with an urgent ur-gent appeal for peace. Twelve hours before Great Britain's Brit-ain's parliament met in emergency ,f 4 i Ribbcntrop session to give Neville Nev-ille Chamberlain dictatorial dic-tatorial and wartime war-time powers, another anoth-er meeting was held i m the massive-i massive-i walled Kremlin in Moscow. Its purpose was to put the finishing finish-ing touches on an act which had brought Europe to the brink of the abyss of war. Chief figures at this meeting were Joachim von Ribben-trop, Ribben-trop, German foreign minister, and Viacheslav M. Molotov, Soviet premier pre-mier and foreign commissar. They were there to sign and seal in the presence of Dictator Stalin the non-aggression non-aggression pact between their countries, coun-tries, a secretly negotiated agree ment which provided provid-ed one of the most sensational political developments in Europe Eu-rope since the World war. Under its terms, these two nations na-tions which have been bitter enemies for years, have agreed not to go to wa? against each other for at least 10 years. Li .4 a Molotov Not only did it free Germany from fear of having to fight enemies on the eastern as well as the western front, as she did in the World war, but it put an end to British and French hopes of getting Russia to join them in a tri-power alliance to "stop Hitler." Instead it gave him the "go ahead" signal for his plans for the dismemberment of Poland and it meant that if England kept her pledge to defend Poland, she and her ally across the English channel would have to do it without the support of the Soviet's 2,500,000 soldiers and thousands of planes. That is the unmistakable meaning of Article 4 of the non-aggression pact which stated that "Neither of the two contracting parties will participate par-ticipate in any grouping of powers which directly or indirectly is pointed point-ed against the other party to this agreement." Little wonder, then, that Germany should hail this coup as the greatest in a series of diplomatic diplo-matic triumphs by Der Fuehrer. Last act in this latest drama of world events which have been staged in Moscow was the departure by airplane of the saddened members of the British and French military missions who for four months have been trying to get wily Joseph Stalin Sta-lin and his advisers to sign a mutual assistance treaty with their nations. As they returned to their respective capitals and saw on every hand the feverish activity of mobilization they must have reflected upon the ironical ironi-cal fact that, when they left Moscow, Mos-cow, the Soviet press was hailing the pact with Germany as "a forceful force-ful instrument for world peace!" PAN-AMERICAN: Argentinian Trade To compete with the trade of "certain European countries" which have been "developing at our. expense" ex-pense" and to remove the greatest single obstacle to a united front in I the Western hemisphere, the United r - v - . . Sumner Welles States will soon sign a reciprocal trade agreement with Argentina. Ar-gentina. Announcement Announce-ment of this plan was made in Washington Wash-ington this week by Sumner Welles, acting act-ing secretary of state, who said that the negotiations would begin at once. Characterizing this as "a welcome con structive step in- these unhappy times," Diplomat Welles let it be known that preliminary discussions, discus-sions, which practically guarantee the agreement going through, have been completed. When it does go through Uncle Sam will have offered of-fered his strongest inducement, the enlargement of mutual trade, to conciliate a nation which had stood at the other extreme of Latin America Amer-ica in policy as well as geography. Next to Canada, Argentina was the most important trade outlet for the United States in the Western hemisphere during the past year with its imports from this country valued at more than twice its exports ex-ports to its northern neighbor. No less important than enlarging this trade outlet is the fact that this new agreement may forge another link in Pan-American resistance to totalitarian doctrines. AGRICULTURE: Milk Strike Off New York city housewives are getting get-ting milk again for their children after a nine-day "drouth" but they are paying of a cent a quart more for it. After two days of negotiation brought about by Mayor Fiorello La Guardia, the strike of the upstate dairy farmers came to an end when the C. I. O. - supported Dairy Farmers' union voted vot-ed at Utica to accept the compromise offered of-fered by the New York Metropolitan Distributors organization. organi-zation. The compromise WWW llJLVHl HP.IHI... . La Guardia provided for a blended price to farmers of $2.15 per 100 pounds (47 quarts). The dairymen's union originally orig-inally demanded $2.35 a hundredweight hundred-weight instead of the $1.50 they had been getting. Two increases in price already had been made since the recent restoration res-toration of federal-state marketing control under orders set up by Secretary Sec-retary Henry A. Wallace. FAR EAST: Japan Says 'No!' Insisting that the economic questions ques-tions at Tientsin are "purely British-Japanese," the Japanese foreign office has rejected a British suggestion sugges-tion that other powers be called in to discuss the question. This rejection rejec-tion was Nippon's answer tq British rejection of the Japanese contention conten-tion that Chinese silver deposited in foreign concession banks should be turned over to Japan and that British Brit-ish support of Chinese national currency cur-rency be withdrawn. The British had advanced the view that since economic questions concerned other nations, "all parties to the nine-power nine-power and other treaties must be given an opportunity to express their views." Although the Japanese statement rejected this suggestion, it was careful not to close the door to further fur-ther discussions of issues growing out of Japan's blockade of the Tientsin Tient-sin concession. Meanwhile the killing kill-ing of two pro-Japanese Chinese policemen po-licemen and the wounding of six others by a British policeman in Shanghai threatened to develop into another major incident in Japanese-British Japanese-British relations. Announced the Japanese embassy: "We take a grave view of this affair." DOMESTIC: Silver Shirts on Parade A tale of visits with German and Italian embassy officials in Washington, Wash-ington, of conferences with Fritz Kuhn, German-American Bund leader, lead-er, of making arrangements with a group of Arabs to picket a Washington Washing-ton hotel where a Jewish meeting was being held was unfolded this week before the Dies committee investigating in-vestigating un-American activities in the United States. It was told by Henry D. Allen of Pasadena, Calif., formerly active in the Silver Shirts of America and one of the sponsors of the American White Guard, short-lived successor to the Silver Shirts in southern California. More dramatic than the appearance appear-ance on the witness stand of the i f ( t x - V s : HENRY D, ALLEN Had Arabs Picket. Californian, who testified that the purpose of the organizations, he represented was to "fight Jewish Communism," was the threat of the committee to prosecute 37-year-old Fraser Gardner of Washington whom they accused of seeking a job as a committee investigator in order to spy on its activities. Gardner Gard-ner .'first denied that he had any connection with William Dudley Pel-ley Pel-ley of Asheville, N. C, leader of the Silver Shirts, but when confronted with evidence that he was receiving $50 a week from Skyland Press, Pefley's publishing house, he cried: "As God is my judge and may I never leave this seat, the Skyland Press, Pelley or any of the people connected with him know of my application ap-plication to this committee." Unconvinced, Un-convinced, the committee asked for action by the United States attorney. attor-ney. After having uncovered plenty of evidence of Nazi and Fascist activity activ-ity in this country, the committee will next turn its attention to Communism, Com-munism, Chairman Dies has announced. an-nounced. First witness will probably prob-ably be Gen. W. G. Krivitsky. formerly for-merly a high official of the Soviet military intelligence division and author of a series of magazine articles arti-cles describing the work of Russian secret and political agents. Scheduled Sched-uled for deportation last month. Krivitsky's departure was delayed until the committee-could question him. |