Show Presidents t Naval Program for year Sure Sue of Passage in Congress G Garrison n i. i Army Scheme Doomed Canvass Shows fj Substantial Increase crease in Regular Army Establishment Establish Establish- sh- sh ment Especially for Coast Defenses Additional Additional Addi- Addi Officers Artillery and Ammunition Ammunition l. l tion En tion to Be V Voted ted Former Formet Secretary's Secre- Secre tary's tary S. S Plan Will Probably j. j Be Rejected t e d s 's r i VOTES NECESSARY w AI AITO TO SAVE PREPAREDNESS MEASURE it r. r s sl i si Opposition to Adopting F Full Fiill n Five Year Year Course eouse se of War Ship Building Democrats BeV Be- Be 1 V iI Sieving l That After European War liar Such SuchA r A r. Z Extensive Armament Would Be a 1 r 0 i W Waste as t e. e WASHINGTON WASHINGTON D. D C. C Feb 12 The The New York Herald has completed a canvass of the house and the senate to determine the prospects for the passage of President Wilsons Wilson's national defense program The situation with respect to both the army and the navy bills was analyzed carefully and each measure was treated as separate from th the th-e oth other r in order artier that the facts might be clearly dis dis- dis- dis closed The results may b be summarized in this manner Congress will adopt the naval program recommended for this year by President Wilson Vilson in all of its essential particulars I In the house there will be an effort to eliminate from the naval bill the two costly battleship cruisers which the president has recommended in addition to two more battleships but this effort will witt fail In minor and inconsequential matters the recommendations of the may be altered but the tend tendency ncy will be more toward oward increasing the naval program than cutting it Congress will vote vote- for substantial increases in the regular army establishment esp especially ci lly for coast defenses additional officers artillery ammunition etc but the continental army proposed by Lindley M. M Garrison s secretary of war and recommended by Mr Wilson will In Jn all 11 probability be reJected and a scheme for enlarging enlarging en en- the state militia or national guard under a more liberal system of federal p pay y and a a. more stringent system of federal con con- control control trot will be adopted In the case of both the army and the navy bills Republican votes will be he necessary to prevent a defeat for the president but they will be forthcoming in abundance The Republicans will vote almost solidly for his nava naval program or even vena a larger one They will vote for regular army increases but will not vote in la large ge numbers for the continental army anny according to their present feeling The Democratic membership of the house is A majority of the house is 28 A loss of twelve Democratic votes would wipe ripe out the Democratic majority The rhe Heralds Herald's canvass discloses th the h fact that a good many more than thaw twelve Democrats will witt bolt fh the the- president h on both the army and the they navy programs It is therefore there there- fore hopeless for Pr President Wilson to try to put through his program without Republican aid f The canvass canvass indicates that i r representatives w will vote ote for sub- sub sf the naval increase rec- rec by Pre President Wilson that six sixty will vote for toJ them with tIle the big battleship cruisers eliminated tI thai ai eight are against any increase ail and that fourteen r I are doubtful With the adoption of or the theo Yo o program is certain In the sen sen- Ity five will vote for tor or the toe in in- I Totals i every essential particular A AE Referee of E the senate enate is forty nine AN teen Votes Votes- two two two n Republicans ans are for army willie while 05 are r Decrease o of the national guard are In hI num number r. r If r these should for tor the Fret conti are bL l arm army it would be adopted but now Is w is extremely unlikely The Tle antis Thady ady have within thirteen votes of e majority of ot the house The Ita wm In the senate is virtually he he be s same sanie me There are twelve Velv senators for the con- con tl army and forty seven seven against t thirty one on are doubtful The Th n rn- rn guard senators lack only two VOt votes s of a majority T The e outcome Is Iss s scarcely arcely doubtful With respect to both to-both both the army and navy recommendations recommendation a it is ts s disclosed that a greater percentage of th the Re Rei publicans i in the house are for or national d defense than of the Democrats ii I iT The e situation In th the I senate enate with respect re re- re- re sect t to the final outcome of the fight t. i practically the same The Democrats Demo Demo- crts have fifty six t senators out of a at t total tal of ot ninety six six but it jt l I IB proba probable le that several Republican votes will be needed to insure a majority for the then n naval val program and nd a reasonable army Increase e. e There will be morEl more than enough Republican Hcan votes voles for this purpose pur pose except with regard to the contin continental conti conti- n army The senate likewise leaps lean toward ard national guard increase Republicans Have Hav Hope Mope There is strong opposition to adoptIng adopting adopt adopt- ing at this is time the full fun nv five year fIve year program pro pro- gram grain of warship building as recommended recommended recommended mended by President Wilson Jt is based upon two considerations The Democrats Democrat pave nave an idea that after the European war the United States might find that such extensive armament would be a waste of money Many Republicans Re I publicans think that they will be in i po power er after March 4 1917 and they d do not want to bind themselves against f future ture action r In t the e das as of the battleship cru cruls- cruls s. s I e ers s. s which are opposed by sixty sixty sj six i members of the house and seven senators senators senators sena sena- tors the argument of the little navy men is that they will be entirely too e pensive expensive and nd that it wp be le much bet better belter er to build at cheaper cost a large largen n number of submarines for purely defensive de de- de f purposes These arguments ol ot course ignore entirely the opinion Ie highest na naya 1 authorities of this I and and other countries but they are none nope the less tees potent with the little navy men who hold them I T There Tere ere will b be very little if any s serious rious opposition to increased for coast st g defenses f ml artillery a and d a ammunition stores for the army anny but OOt buthen wl when en it comes to the increase in the personnel of the regulars the first snag will be met Det with There will wilt be he vot votes s enough however to overcome National 11 Guard in 1 Favor The 1 feeling jn In n favor o of or building up pp the national gu guard rd of th the various s states e Is s to so s strong that thal there iq Is little hope of overcoming it and awl President Wilson will wUI dou doubtless shave have to abandon army unless within the next few weeks he lie can devise some means to arouse public sentiment in favor of thiS purely federal controlled body of trained men Tile The situation in congress with respect respect re reo re- re to th the national defense program ram ramIs is further shown by interviews obtained ob ob- ob tamed from men who are taking leading lead ing part parts in the fight Senator George E F. F Chamberlain Democrat of f Oregon chairman of the senate committee on on- military affairs said Our c committee has given very careful consideration to the subject of prep preparedness redness so far as the mill tan tary branch of national defense is concerned con conS Naturally the members ers are not all of one mind for we have found ev even n military experts officers of the army amy of high rank diff differing in Ia their opinions and ideas o of ot what Is' Is necessary necessary necessary sary to b be done in th the circumstances having in view of cours course the expenditures expenditures involved and a desire to avoid what is 15 s called militarism T TP To Recommend Increases I l t think I can cn safely I say ar however that our committee will wUl report to the I senate senata a bill nt embodying an in increase rease inthe inthe in il the regular army to or of Including substantial increase In Iii fl fi field ld artillery i I r th think also aso that we shall recommend recommend materially increasing sing the effectiveness and usefulness pf of the militia mi militia litia Utia- We cap can an do this is not only by greater liberality liberality- in the matter of f ap appropriation ap- ap p- p but by the exercise e of those constitutional powers ve vested tea in congress relating to the militia which heretofore have never been invoked If we can do these things and perhaps provide some me means nj for military mill mili tary tarr training we shall have accomplished pUshed something substantial for na den defense e. e There Thre is ts a mistaken Impression that universal military I training means ns universal a. a military t service Many army have lave endeavored en to make clear the dl tion and I hope they have succeeded Senator Benjamin R. R Tilman Democrat Dem Dm- o of South Carolina chairman of the senate committee on naval affairs s said d My position on the subject of naval increase is well known or at least it should be for I have repeatedly stated it I J am in favor of m making mang the United States navy second only to that of the British navy pavy As M to tp the tle t type p of ships I believe that matter should be left largely to the decision of the experts of the navy Secretary DanIels Daniels Daniels Dan Dan- has presented a comprehensive the first I may mar JIll say that we have had during the twenty years that I have been a member of the tle nav naval l affairs affairs af at- af- af fairs committee I believe also that we should prepare to prepare and by that I mean that we should place ourselves in lii a a. position to build ships and the first essential in that respect Is to p pass ss tp the armor plate e factory bill bUl We cant can't have battleships without ar armor armor armor ar- ar mor and for lor or years we have hav beep been p pay pay- r. r ing the trust too much for armor For Second Largest Navy I believe that a maj majority rity of the senate agree with me on this proposition t ton tion on and also that we should have lave the thes s second cond largest larget navy in the he world Se Senator ator Cummins Republican of Iowa who has given the su subject much study has explained to the committee on military affairs that in his opinion th the effectiveness s of at the Uze militia can cap be materially increased d l by congressional a action to The fhe Iowa senator takes take nr very much the same position on op the subject subject sub sub- as M was before the committee cool com by Major General ORyan commander cow corn mander o of pC the N New ew w York State tat national guard It H is his view that the militia may IDay be controlled by the f federal dera government govern govern- ment ent in all essential matters Jle n. n has suggested that the selection o of ot cers might be controlled by the war department department de de- de through the medium pf of promulgating pro pro- certain regulations and requirements re reo in short establishing a standard which must mut be met by all militia officers and that it also has the power if proper legislation is enacted enacted enacted en en- acted to define what the training of the men shall be Cons Constitutional Obstacle From the argument which has been presented tp the committee it appears that practically the only constitutional o obstacle stacle to ratify control of the militia by the federal government is the prohibition pro pro- which forbids ordering the then n national guard into service outside the territorial limits of the country In Inthis Inthis this connection however attention has been heart called to th the fact tact that neither Germany nor Japan apan has that power I over certain classes of their soldiers ap and that these must roust volunteer for foreign foreign for tor eign Ign service By the exercise of ot constitutional con coi- powers which have never been applied the committee believes beHaves that it can can greatly strengthen en tile the militia mi mt- litia nUa as an arm of national defense Here are re some orne typical interviews from little navy men of the house house- Representative Warren Worth Bailey Bai Bai- ley Jey of Pennsylvania a said saidI I think we should reduce appropriations fo for tb the army and for the navy vy rather t than an increase them We have hye been spending money like drunken drunk drunk- en sailors I think compliance with the toe provisions of th the Baltimore J platform plat lat form farm for strict economy demand that we reduce educE the amount of ot money moner to be spent Representative John L L. Burn Burnett tt of f Alabama I favor avor increasing our coast defenses de and providing more auxiliaries for the navy although I have been known as al' a one man in the past I J shall vote yote for two battleships I I am api opposed however to a large army I J voted for tor th the mid midshipmen's I bill because I believe we we should have more army and navy officers of ot so as to provide military in in- in jn our schools a as much as aa possible Representative Robert I L Ii Henry of ofTe Te Texas Texas' JI pot to decide about I would care a out any increases ases until I saw w what at recommendations the tM committee makes es Favors Navy Representative Cyclone Davis of Texas L 1 think it i is il a good principle of the democracy racy to favor favo a rea reasonable increase in crease in the navy pavy and I am aw not opposing op op- posing that A 4 navy doel doesn't nt go strutting strut ting all around the country teaching the youth t the e glory o of the murder mills I Representative W. W W. W Rucker of Missouri t fe feel l free tree this year to vote for tor more coast det defenses n e and battleships than ever Vet before I 1 aJ also Q favor avor an in increase In- In crease in th the armY army Representative Wingo of Arkansas I l haven't ma made l up my In Inas as to what feature of the army or Dr navy should be he increased s d. d Representative E E. W W. Saunders of Virginia Virginia- I My attitude is the same as hereto hereto- fore Personally 1 am not inclined toward great increases I favor providing pro pro- viding such defenses as are reasonably reasonably reason reason- ably necessary to meet dang dangers rs reasonablY reasonably rea rca to b be apprehended I may yield to th the Judgment of my party colleagues and had vote for such increases as asseem seem reasonable |