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Show m SCHOOL LIS SHOULD BE REVISED, : SAYS SURVEY BOARD i .port on Analytical Examination of System Is Completed; Citizens of Salt Lake Are Complimented f by the Educators. 5 Ilaries of teachers too ?'low, say investigatqrs 6 tJTlCl b01 f aTora'e erse whole hearted in aJi instance is contained m the survej of the Salt Lake public school system which was made public terday The v T b the result of an analytical stu ly of ev ery branch of the e ie by Professors E. P Cubberh Jesse Sears J IL j- ,J Lewis Terman of Inland Stanford university and j Tan Sickle of bpnngfield Mass The report is now in j&, of the printer and copies, are to be furnished those who J: t them when the publication is completed J a Thole the report is & notable tribute to the loyalty of fenens of isalt Lake for their willrncr. and ontinued support ' sdool svstem and for their unfailing willingness to submit luibon&l taxation by voting bond issues when money is j &Lake Is City of Young. He at is a citv of young people of large families and of : -psr capita wealth says the report at one point The pinch 1 jcpetinan, which m niot places has led to a somewhat general e Jiw m the size of the families has been scarcely felt here. ? b still plenty of elbow room and opportunity The aty has icgw of youth and the confidence in itself which belongs i r i discussing the financial problems which must be solved ngto Professor Cubberly, before the Salt Lake school sjstem 1 lie placed on a proper footing the report says TOs trouble does not he with the people- of Silt-Lake- City re Tilling enoueh to educate their children properly Recent sns m the leading newspapers regarding the schools and ei sopport would lead one to feel that they the people are >o go even further and support the schools even generously - n tie people of Utah, as represented m the state legislature, 3 J stand in the way This is done bv imposing a maintenance z i Esut so small as to make really good schools for the future 2 ohr ont of the question. This is neither justice nor sodnd j fe policy j iangej m State Law Suggested. TSe report as a whole has been divided into four general . ess, each written bv one or more of the investigators but the 2 lissom of the several divisions are those of the entire suney - ti The general conclusions of the survey board are that 1 bus m the state school law are urgently needed and to uate such work the board appends to its report a tentative 6 of That it believes the law should incorporate j mm f the report, written by Dr Iwir ig devoted to organization 0 tafflstrahOT part two by Dr sSckfe as the thief, aided in part Son and Williams deal with rat of the schools in general, with " & ad detailed refjrenea to tho 5 wf study and sapemsxon the ef n rf that etndy and the progress 1 & throngh the schools part 1 Dr Terman, is devoted to "V ud health ineorporatmg the school plant, health sn mi physical education, play -tnba "a hysiene teaching c bjDr Cubberly is devoted to 1 fcS"1 .f f"1!": Tho appendu J Jites the snggerted school law ' and Tables. obre report is replete with , wiirs and tables for eom , ' Hz rpP so as to concretely 1 H5h .rtandui(t of Bait Lake j .j.01 wmpaative size in the f n and Wlth those in the ' fJ;6" a 'iftyfive snch tables ' ehart5 drawings. ' r5X,?V!pIrt declares that the sSSjpt of schools should be the ' BtS!ia5 ec"tlve head of the ' ?lhI?Sr1v,"r,t throogrh him. It ' K ,beui of education should 4?d3S LJ?1 e"tive matters. Cr? bek;ns under ti,e enp.r . nKutive head of the school ' taxitJnflatmient should be Vef"5Sita ?r th execuUve on 1 ailh fhfl1' the board SL . ?42d, that flr" of all It iT2 legislative body ' KU nf?5? of 8cho1 wort the ", Sita 5f ""Pervislon Is need ' "iawte H.. br!"iches the survey ' uS? !? Jerartment heads In ' 1:9 tInn,I'h.?,'cal educauon and ninn , w "Seyors give it SJndedtt 0f ttw mony and Put Money $W, 3 """tion of finance. '" intlt " hat 1or the next .can L,50,m1e a-lequate leglsla bSra obtained It Is Important f? WaSmV MlWe to expen f51 " kMt. "5 , ana a 5 mm?,."? H1001" te3Ct book' "t, SaltT 5ienan d r. V lenw eonservatlon and ?tteU?n.Ja!' Dr Cubberly 2? ' SJSIf'y ""eary shoo d "fwiW " ""t ary for Uo ' JalleO The peo 0,'lfi reaIlz ? iut h? S060" are sup handicap they labor under by reason of the restrictions laid upon them by the lavs of the state Dealing1 specifically with the salary schedule of teachers the report says That teachers salaries In Salt Lake CU are low there can be no question. Salt Lake City Is not a cheap city In which to live and a public school teacher should be paid a salary su fldent to enable her to live as a per son of education and refinement should This demands a sa ary large enough to enable the teacher to se cure a good, quiet room In a ho se where she has regular use of a bath good food reasonably good clothing some mone for books and better class amusements, something left for summer schools and a summer vaca tion, and a little margin for the un expscted Eight hundred dollars a year considering the train ng re quired and the cost of living is low enough for a minimum in a western city and 11200 a year is low enough for a maximum for teachers in e e mentary echoos For high schools a beginning- salary of J900 and a max! mum of $1500 with $1800 to $2000 for heads of departments are salaries which are not too high when it is remembered that graduation from a university is required to enter the such salaries are comparable to those paid In other western c ties where living costs are somewhat similar and where good school sys terns are mainta ned may be seen from a comparison of teeche s sal ar es In Salt Lake City with salaries paid In the sixteen other nestem cities used in this report. Criticism Is Made Concluding the chapter on teachers and their salaries the survey staff makes specific criticism and offers suggestions of a remedial character On th s sub Jct the report says The number of teachers now em ployed is too ema 1 and the ten dncy in employment s In the wrong direction the schoo s are eecur , ing too many inexperienced teachers from the immed ate neighborhoods and with pure y loca outlook and training the tendency in sa arles is downward below wnat la a living l wa?e for any person of education I and refinement, and be ow a re muneratlon which nlH make teaching attractive to the better c asa of young peop e and the sa a lies paid are lower than In other western cit es or In other types of city service What ought to appeal to the best minds as the highest and most attractive service is rendered just the opposite from a monetary point of view More Teachers Needed To supp y he present needs of the s hools or regula class teachers and for specie teachers as w 1 be po nt ed out further on n th s report would requ the add t o approx (Continued on 7ag Two) I SURVEY BOARD SUBMITS ITS REPORT ON THE SALT LAKE PUBLIC SCHOOLS Many Features Are Commended, Com-mended, While Others Are Criticised, and Remedies Suggested. (Continued from Page One.) Imately 100 more teachers to the elementary ele-mentary school service. To pay a salary schedule such as -well-trained teachers demand, would require, including in-cluding the new teacher l- to be employed em-ployed to meet present needs, an addition ad-dition of probably 40 per cent of the present allowance for teachers' salaries. sal-aries. This is doubtless impossible under the present tax limits, but it Is no less a necessity if the schools are to be put in condition le render the full service that they should. A continuation con-tinuation of present tendencies cannot can-not fail to interfere seriously with the efficiency of the Instruction in the schools. Good Service Given. In presenting these criticisms of the present policy as to teachers, necessitated neces-sitated by the present financial situation, situa-tion, the survey staff do not wish to leave the impression that they feel that the teaching force is not rendering render-ing good service. On the contrary, we felt that the city was getting more for its money than it had a right to expect. In every school we found a few excellent teachers, a number of good average teachers, and one or two teachers who seemed to lack experience experi-ence and grasp. The last Is not at all surprising, considering the type of voung people being taken for the work. That the teachers were rendering ren-dering as good sendee ae they were, considering the inexperience and lack of contact with life elsewhere of manv of the newer ones, was in large measure due to the good supervision given their work by the principals and special supervisors. Salaries Compared. In connection with the data on the question of salaries for teachers are given a series of comparative tables of the schedules paid teachers in western cities. These tables indicate a comparison compari-son of the mintmums and maximums of teachers and principals in the elementary and high schools. In the former class (elementary-schools) (elementary-schools) it Is shown that in the list of sixteen western cities Salt Lake has the lowest minimum salary for teachers ($480), and that but three of the sixteen cities hare a lower maximum, that of Salt Lake being $101. in the matter of salaries for principals of the elementary schools, the rank fs somewhat different. Salt Lake stands elirhth in the minimum salary for principal and fourth in the list of maximum salaries. In the tables pertaining to teachers in the hterh schools. Salt Leke again has the lowest of all t he mini mums (J"1'. while In the maximums for teachers but two other western cities are lower, the Salt Lake figure being $140. In heads of departments in the hich school, the maximum for Salt Lake le Riven at ilSi"-0. which is the same figure of two other cities, the three being the lowest in the liar of cities. However, in principals prin-cipals of high schools, the Salt Lake fieure of $300 takes the lead of all of the eiries- These two comparative table1 are as follows: Comparativa Salary Schedule in Western West-ern Cities. ET. FMT N TA R Y P r Hooa . T t-.e-H PrlT!.-1i-: I z'f ' X " X -' Z 3 ' m Z cilJ- iS 3 ! 2 3 j 3 ' j: 3 j; e : 3 I : 3 ?Tt Lai-. r?4h i 4 : - 'tc t i:'"! T-;orw. Wsh I ") V-'. It." 'o;or.do Sivr-fs. Colo ! "5 ;'; 1!." !' Fpofcar:. Wash ' 1 !,'' 1 "v'1 ' DnvT. Colo. j TV-. H"- n Portland. Or lli rv 1,1, 8-iUe. JtoeL Tv i: : , H'eg.:. Cat I.";' :'-( . t AnKt. ct ,v' i:r iv i I 0k!nd, Cal i m.v 12' Vi. Pwiioa. cl J I ' .1 !-v Ji-vt San Fr43-10. Cl. I 40. 1..'4 2-tf. f n Jwio, C1 1 :', w, aMt wsh 4 i 4 " ; ;) j 5i'-rttn2iito, Cai U-'i' !Vio r-1 E"rVy. Cal. ... ... ( !:", !?' 2!V.1 Hl'ill ' I: s f ; j Salt La k. Utah . S t-n Ut-r ;on iiti Ta-jrr.i. WmJ- .! ' " T 'A Col-c-afjo ?p--lrwi. Oolo ' .o ' I"'1' Lr. r. 'oi- ; t1" 1 " I ?att(. Witi i VZ-'' IS-i" H' Spokan. Wus 1; ' w ?M4n. ''ii ..' i: tv' i y ' :vo fortian'l. Q- i V.Y V : ''l litrk-iff. ! t-'""'. I.'"-1 v,Vl ?art Mko. Cl. !"" ! tvJ "f.-i Lc Ans-tt;. "'! i "' 3arrm"nr.o. Cl . I 1 !'' ' 1 l . Han Joe-. '! 2 ' P'' 2-' Vo R'i-', Min'. t n:'"'' I""' "i Oiklanl. rt ' 2-'n l-'v. ::' in FranlK-A. Cm) ....! 1 w., Undesirable Feature. rommn?lnp further on th o.'is'ton of 3a.!arie, the report says: A i (Other n udsi ra hie f rat tire of I h situation Is the tendency, at present so manifest, to fake cht-aper and W.un experienced teacherB f"r the m .lioois. White the minimum salary is nominally nomi-nally $f':'K I.j.5 per cent of the tearh-e.rH tearh-e.rH In tite s-h".r.;s hav been put In, during Ihe pat two viarw, pr"'ha-tlonary pr"'ha-tlonary tea-it-.rs at Halaricn on wld- h no other than a "hfiine itlrl" fmld possibly live. Tiiat this has res'tlte-l in a marked lnTii lu the number of liiexp;rie.ri-efl lrr-a t'lrls sfcrt-d for tear hinf posit Ion In the elementary elemen-tary M' hoolw 1 clearly hown. Two-thirds Two-thirds of the Hementarv --ho"! te' h-ers h-ers In the city are seen to he "home gtrls." With the isolation under which Snlt fke fl'v to ;i rertaln vtniu nufTeiH, thiH iR entirely too hlKh h ifnii I n tt nf borne tnlent to inve employed. It rnprenen t an I nhreedl f IX procrtn wiilf-h In 'er'aln to weuken tlm work of the school. Kfilt 1-a.ke CUv wmld have b very mu-h better twi-hlng for;e In ItR elerneri'arv chuolH If It drew mor e x tnl ve y on f en chert who have re-e ve t i.e ir t i n I nl rirf n nd ex fj'irlenr e In other pI t -h and nr n t e The employment of teuclierH from the otunlde lias li'fti the reat v I rein,'t Ii of the H-lif.ol HVHt'-ms nf HUeh 'Miles un Heat He, I'ortbui'l. ffMldnnl, f',in-MeiiH. f',in-MeiiH. Low Ann"l-n a rut San 'lego. Kor Sail Iike city to follow the ey- I nniple of Iheve fltl'-F. tliotiirh. w-nild in ol ve ra IwhiK the in I nl mu ni h;i 1 ju le for tf'-hers up to ;ibouf wl m t the rrif'M lu ni now It The hji Ih riew fa Id hli(h ehoo tendirr ;i i e hetter, whicli di,nht epn a miiinl for t he i;re;i ter per ' -en Inge of outnlrle tr-n'Miem. As tlie Hdlwrv Mi'lieduie In Salt Ijike f'lty If graded largely on the h.t.tli of the number ,,f years of temMiInK HTvb-o. the crcul rnaf-nlng of 'mln-riew 'mln-riew to wn rd (In? lower en I rtf the 'ile Indicate the employment if Villi ng Odd I lie X pe I "leneerl 1 e;i i fV'.l I-'ortv-nrie iinl nx tetilliH per "-til if the elernerilnrv M'Mioo) 1ei,(Mi"rH thl:i pntt vein- have been .nid $7.-U nc eU, H.ilt U'ke City Ik ernplnvl nir for tin r. hooln too ninny kIiIh of little (each-ir-ir x p'-rl'Ti- e, Kil'tv pt:r nt t.f the e;i-,.erFi I f i Die cMtv h;ive leon In the Hchool'i five viirn or -t. In hot n ele me nt a and FCcnndit r v t'liool f'HlnrleM, Hall Ijtke f'M v pay the lowm mitilrnurti arid nlo nearly tiie loveni rnijlrrium of imv wilcni clly. fmly In the wa lfi.i le-s paid prlicM- pals should Salt Lake City be commended. com-mended. The salaries paid teachera in Salt La ke C 1 1 y are a I so lower than are paid other types of city employees, and employees in other local lines of business. Salt Lake a Home City. In part one, dealing with organization and administration of the schools, Professor Pro-fessor Cubheily outlines at length the physical, social, and economical conditions condi-tions that enter into the problem of public education. He comes to the general gen-eral conclusion that the city Is essentially essential-ly a home city, its population consisting largely of a substantial middle class ot borne-building and home-owning type, interested in-terested in good, government, good schools and the promotion of the home. As such he pronounces it an Jdeal city for the development of education, a city well able to afford as good an educational educa-tional system as Is to he found anywhere in the land. Compared to twenty-four other cities of comparable size and attributes, at-tributes, he finds it the richest of them all in per capita wealth and classes It among one of few very rich vdtles of the United States. This per capita wealth is -all the more remarkable, he points out, In view of the fact that Salt Lake has a far larger percentage of school population out of its total population than most of the cities to which It is compared. Having examined In detail the charac- 1 ter of the city with reference to the educational ed-ucational problem, Professor Oibberly proceeds to a criticism of the organization organiza-tion of the school system, with which he finds some emphatic faults. Criticises Board. His principal criticism on this subject is directed "against the hoard of education, educa-tion, which, he points out, has organised its work in a cumbersome fashion and has worked out a avstem of administration administra-tion that fails to take into consideration considera-tion the essential fact that the board of education is, first of all. a legislative body, with reference to the schools, and not an executive body. On this subject sub-ject he says, In part: When a board of education directs the work of the schools properly, carefullv selecting its executive officers, offi-cers, sustaining them in their official act?, and replacing them when they fat! to act wisely or efficiently or honestly, it renders a conspicuous service' to the people of the com-mnnltv com-mnnltv and the sts Te ii serves. Whenever, un the contrary. the board assumes eTecutlvo as well as legislative functions, begins to participate par-ticipate In executive work Instead; of acting as a board for school control, con-trol, and interferes with or usurps work which it should entrust to its executive officers. It almost Invariably Invar-iably begins to lone the. confidence of those whose confidence it should retain. re-tain. The principals and teachers, and ultimately the people, as well, lose confidence in Its wisdom, with the inevitable result that the efficiency effi-ciency of the schools themselves Is Impaired. Interference Is Bad. Bv improper organization, by doing do-ing too much, by attempting to handle too mnr.v thlncs. bv Inierfertne too much with the work of executive officers, or bv Indecision a to purpose, pur-pose, a board of edu.it!on ma v tn- I terfer seriouslv with the proper wrk i of (he schools undr Us control, with the esnrlt de corps nf those who render service In Its schooli t:d with , the proper carryinar out of that larse j and important tate purpose for whlh they were elected to off.ee. These observations are spphM to th i present -ro'jl board by Prnftnr Ol- ; her!y in coane'-'loii wlrh organisation i Into" three main committees trie com- mltree on flr..tn'. tr-e r'm n. t-e on, huildlnes and ground." nnd t'ie commit-! tee on teieM er ar.d 'Miool work j I'ti'Ier tins arrai genit-nt, he joints out. I (-, -Mmlrmen of the rr"-ttve commit-; te h-onie, un-in5Cloj"ly. and alrr.oit j inevitahlv. executive heads of the de-fc,rt- j men's to which the committee work per- , tain. ThlH nvstem has reful'ed In the1 formation of tnr-e din'inct bo-'.lew. h of wM'M't be.'om. in effect, a board, ban King an Important dlvl:on of tne e,':'H:ionHl work Irlpendently. He, a '. s furtJ:r : i The eor.Matit tendency under a jvtm of Hdmlni-'raiion Ii for the , committer to become ery Imrr- i taut ad mints! rati ve bod!- and the chairman of e-Mi to un-irp s:n or mnr.v of the funtiona that rr'-pr- I Iv hflnns to the executive h al" of j department Ipe.-ia'.l-.- In 'h'-a Hk'v to prove Maptrern.j In the ce of 've commit' e oti teacher and b- ho M ; work, the chairman of wht h J Itk-'y to, almost un''on-loiiBlv. trxke nvr manv of the f-incttor.j t'lAt prop-r; hf'.i.ptr to the !perjntet.-?ent of P'Mi 'o..- and to tn--nn.e, un tt were, a frnnH hed of t h .-1 -i.-a M-n I department. de-partment. palr.g in turn .n mi the urerlnfend'-nt '- r''mmn'l ' lo;-,s hh tr rea hTfi. prinelp,i:?t ard puper- ;iorv oflern .md ut-ftH"tt Ing bin opinion or the opinion of h!- rommit'ee Tr,r that of fhn Minerlniendent nm tn the nip!n'm"M'. rt er. f 'on i r-..J wr v of T:emtr of Ihe ed irwl lonal fnrc Wrong in Principle. Tb';. the present orw nlratl-m ! not only wrong In pr Inc , p:. h ;it li fvaucht with continua' danger of ml-iindersr(iivlin ml-iindersr(iivlin and tronhie. The rotn-mjf rotn-mjf ., .ire t.M prorntnent In Die a :r. I nlht ration nnd the -ho.il rWk ar.d th flupTltt'endent -pf bubdlUKJ en Joy 'no la rse 1 nd epepderif e tn ae . tl"n. An examination if th printed annual an-nual ripirt of the hoard for a n:iin-ir n:iin-ir of vtnr pt would ?eeni to in dlcat thii" the iwh'iol clerk t!i- real he;il of the n'-hol ."'em. rn t he- than the nw pel ! n r end e n t of lirlio His re ;iorf t come f lrrr and a r the motf eljilmrnre, end he. rather than the ui rlntet; lent of m-hooln, 1 ti'i" the ,i'".!rirn cf fi Tia rvoi end mv w h.t i lie t hi nka m f to pr,-y pr,-y 1 1 1 : v economies ' t" h m underlying t heorv Heero to he t hn t t lie er) iji - tlon department In n epurnte nnd tuoiAtcri .iepu rtment Inwtea.i nf being the j, rentier depurtrnrnt of the whole nviic.in. Mr. Oihli'trlv hoim tn In the name vein trt wo me extent nnd eon 1 nde with tiie ebuervti tlon that n i h pm- h 1 ndtutt rn t Ion of the r'tionlft demnndu tnore nnHv In the orga nl7.'i t l"n n n-l Ihet the yupertritendemt nf H'dioolH fhonll be the rent hernl rpf the entire school "vstenv The hoard of education edu-cation should perform it runetlnnn t h rough hi rn. He whould he heM respnn -Hihle for rrHulh nnd If (lie resulls nrn not forth com i ntt , then he stionhl he re. moved Hut It Is a mlt'nke. he fleclnros. to retain a wuperlnte ndent hihI tMke pis work n "a a v from him His r en mm end rift ri-ft on on ma 1 1 ert In w h rh he known mote than hoard members possibly irould should not be t urn down wit lion t grtti'e con -nl'lern t Ion. fitt ttetiinrlv should thlr. he ihe r;iHC, he deHit ith, In Ihe mnltee of emplovment nnl dlspowlU'Mi of tencheri, principals and supervisor-.,. Tho InMtnttve nhould lie al'solutely with ihe si iet t n I nde n t and no l;oanl member nhoul be h Unwed, under un-der any rl rcii nif; tn n-"s. I o an hsl Itiite a name of his own. Whenever this relntlnn Is not maintained, then either Mm hoard of educnthxi or the superintendent should resign, tie dec In res. Would Change Rules. 1 Humming up this 'iiiestlott. th aunev corn ml THiort rernm me mis that the rules mi'l i -cm i la Minis of the Iwn rd of educii -lion be revlw-d olopf: the lines flscnied; thnl co-ordlnntn authority nnd responsibility responsi-bility for proper mini I olsl t n linn he con -cenlrnted In one executive lte:nl; that committee action be rnnnldern bly (le-i'i-eftfu-d bv plifing turger restMiisll)lllty with I tie. tn in rd 's exncu 1 1 ve of M corn, ' nd Hut t, nl t he fl? si Iff Irdit M ve oppor t ir td I y. :i revision nf Ihe slntn s h-'ol law, ns It relates to cities .f the first cllUtu, be ft t -I e mpt ed, n nd it Ioiih" the linen of the huk -nested in w given In the n pie nd I x of I ho SUI vev report. i'rocfjidlng to un unulysla of the edu cational department, the survey commission com-mission speaks decisively on the much-mooted much-mooted question of special supervision in the schooli). This Is a subject on which the board of education has been split for years, some members favoring a complete elimination elimi-nation of the supervisors and others a reduction in the number of supervisors. The survey commission takes issue with this attitude. It finds that by com pari - ! son with other cities Salt Lako has loo lew, .rather than too many, supervisors. Tho employment of two main supervisors, super-visors, ono of grammar grades and ihe other of primary grades. Is commended as an excellent arrangement, and the supervisors now engaged are complimented compliment-ed for their earnt-Ht and c flic tent work. On the other hand, the supervisors of manual training and physical education are found unsatisfactory and it is recommended rec-ommended thnt changes be made. It would he better to puy larger t-alartea for these two positions, if necessary, to obtain better men. it Is declared. Supervision Super-vision of art, domestic science and hand , work is found satisfactory. i Supervisors Needed. Further supervision is needed, the report, re-port, avers. The number of supervisors engaged at present is smaller thari it was several years ago, instead of being increased, in-creased, as it should have been, to meet the growing needs of the achools. This is declared to be especially so In view of the tendency prevalent in the system of taking in cheaper and less well-prepared well-prepared young women in the teaching corps and pushing up tho number of pupils pu-pils per teacher to meet the financial limitations of the system. Careful supervision, super-vision, he says. Is the best antidote for the defects that naturally arise from such a tendency. Nothing pays such large dividends In any line of work, It is remarked, as plenty of good bruins a t the top. That is the whoie supervision question in a nutshell and there can be no question of the vulue of supervision provided the supervlnors are fully alive to tholr work. It Is declared. de-clared. Supervisors from the outside should be preferred because of the new Ideas they bring Into the system. Improvement In the supervision of mujiii':, both vocal and instrumental, le declared to be needed, ami the need of orgmilzing school orchestras In every school and a number of school bands is pointed out. Principals Complimented. The survev commission 1a unreserved In -Jts compliments to the school principals princi-pals In the grade schools. Tuially the, school prlnclpalfhlp 1s the weakect plae In a school svntem, and generally contains more dead wood than other departments. It is remarked, but In Salt Lake this Is not the case. On the contrary. It la declared de-clared that the principal, with a few exceptions, ex-ceptions, form an e.fllent hody of supervisory su-pervisory ofPcer. Inrerested in their work and profF!sionallv aw. ike. The superintendent of schools Is credited cred-ited largely with the efficiency of him corpa oi principals. The report sa s on this subject: Manv of the principals. In tajklrr Uh thfl members of ihe surver a'aff, said that they felt ui d.-r constant prt.-sure from the superintendent to be eirp-tent principals arid to innAe a "uccea of their BrK, or t e run the r!s' of being renmw-d from thetr positions po-sitions Hen'-e. a prominent chitrscterlMtc of the system of .hool nd o; in! s' rs -lion employed is Itp i:t: i ;zh ' ion of te beM each ,rm i; I hat In hhn. Tr'i means an Individuality atunr; the different dif-ferent schools u ii.-h delightful to see as It la unusual to "rd. Too many a hl surrintendents f el that t he av to run a s h-wd system 1 o lsue orders and r-K'j-bit ions and bv this means bring all up to that uniform wtand.ird handed down Hy the nuperlr.tendent f-om a J'ove Th reu it Is a un i '. i r m I f y tn onf rot that may be plea s:ng to t he superintendent and to 1 1 .- in8rd 0f education, hui It ii;e uniformity of death rather O an W'.v. In 8a it I jkm i'Hv the reverse nf this condition Is the ae Sht'.y eve-v school viattM ai aornetnr? 1 tha waa lifferent an.1 nioi nf ths I principals gorr.e. ne tr"cj( n i n lnlt'rMv cont" tn ho I t'niformity Absent. j I Is remarked t i vri'v r:nri; - J:n t'1-'1 s ore rh'ng In w;:l-ri Salt ! Like pc -eols arc H irer'.-.r to ab-.'-ot overv i othr s-. stem is (n the MSe.-e cf ne. l-i-j Ing olr.formt'y tmpose.1 fr..:n av In-ncv In-ncv n lo-s a nd e xperl men n re. rfn'.in'v t-ir-g tried o-it itn Mgh!v t l.fA.-?0rv reti!iB, it is rlecisred. ai-l. as a res.it a prorej.!ve spirit pervadca the s -hoo-ro'i-p It -aa the unanimous felirip or th irirve-, p.-ari tha' fie kvr'r,,. ,,f a-In,!n:s-tr.itlvp re,ntr.d of S' tp ?rv I sirs aid :':'-1-P-iN emplo'. ed t. .ih s'lperlnierdent l exce!p( t(h JM i);.,,. 7,-m i-m. 1 n king up the a jt - 'ec( t i,, n s I'a ff. the s jr v u: ,. : s:.n i-A,,i,mP, the tend n-W pom dev.lo ink; ( q Invress te number nf pupil per ier'-e- nn Uwitv ur.deslraoie. a rid recnmtnr rda th.it sa crl fh-.-a h ma !e In othr dl-e.-Mot n rither tha-i t.-at Me eft', let: -v e.f ir ih-.a -orps be Imp Ire. pn (his rt: an r.er .severe crIMrlsrn Is made of i.ie inrrr.n. !f g tendency to er.gae vo-.jng ard in., experienced '":rn el a.ilnries oit which o-uv "home fia could pasib" v This has resulted In a pre pond span e of ho-iie IhImii n the elememarv r..deK, It , a declareri. r ' J H two-t ijids of the o'rps hetng "home irls." Tils Is i'lme tn be entirely (,.. ,!h, prrcrntfle. It represents an h breeding pro. -.s hlh Is csitMip to we.tken the work of tb scJio! tt ts de -tared N ee ..f a.-h,d cenj.-n bureau as a menus of oh tii I nl n h more tic.-V)rr vni mem tlon of te ahon topn'atlon ej-h yea r. o that the nee. Is of the eWiool f-icm can 1 tudged mote closslv. Is pointed out Tiie Increase In revenue from tif state apportionment on n pr Hpl'a haals would more t:nn repv the t'Oii rd of education for ti.e sxptnae of crsMns and m.l n : I n! r s.icit n burrnu It la declared. leiiw Carried Out. l'nforcment of the state law compelling com-pelling attendance In the schools Is hrltig carried iuf os sn ti s f n c ' 'i r il as one truant ofrlc r could possibly be expected to do It In r.oird A vorntlnnnl school Is needed for boys. T-ho drc along thrnna-ti the upper grades of t he elmentarv scno! re pen t trig f h"l r work to no purponr and flnatlv leitvlnp th.. s d.ool npot ps.stlng the ci.mpuisnrv Hk'e, A tahle of attsmtun' v. rrtlmj to m-e, suhmllted by Mie commlHwIon nh" a this condition to be prevalent to a considenMdn extent. fevelnplng this Slllijet, the CtUllOllNsInn rema rks : The m.irkei falUn off In nttctid-;incr nttctid-;incr In nou seen to tnkc pbice nt the close of Ihe fourth nnd lth Krvidnn, with another lie.ivy rtiortnHt-ul rtiortnHt-ul (he end of t lie f 1 1 st year In the hlKh a'dionl. Th loss at the end of the ninth grade i first - yen r lilwh a .hnijH Is almost its tn i ge un a t the end of the el hlb k tide. These rnn-dltlons rnn-dltlons naturally rMfie Ihe question hh to wbtilher the courses of atudv and tho lypes of r'liicni h ,n ptold-'l for the cfitidreii below 11 vents of HUn la t he t'esi t hn com muni t v rn n provide Thin oueHflon tu considered In great detail de-tail In a subne.junnt chapter dcalltm with courses of study. The amnll numi"f of pupils finishing n high school course, or even continuing Into the seennd year. In commented upon lis a surprising roridlthm to find In such n dtv n. Halt lke with Its strong raclhl stocks, low tllltntncv nnd good educational educa-tional traditions The commission la nt a loss to account for Mils altunttou, un-li-HH the sol ilt Ion lies in the . lies I Ion of adaptability of coin bii of study to community com-munity yaeds. Scientific Anulysis. The cmimlcdoii I hen proceed to a technical tiiiil scientific n eat iiu'iit nf tho work of the Hchnols t lie m selves, the coures of sunt y. i ssi 1 1 1 a n nd jtoiiei ,t 1 values val-ues of elfi(lmr llielh.ids It evolves Into n more or less phi losnph I in 1 t tea Hin of tlio Atfrtrant problems pf educe t ion, as i presented In the Salt Iake schcol hvb-tem hvb-tem turning on the knowledge of the surveyors a.H to wtutt constitutes good theory and current practice in the best American schools. The kindergarten theory br practised in Salt Lake i held to be liberal, but the equipment is declared Inudenuate. The theorv Is !n line with the best modern thought, but the equipment represents conservative and obsolete methods. More kindergartens are needed throughout the cttv. It 1h pointed out. The courses of studv outlined by the superintendent for the elementary grades is commended. A definite theory of ed-ucetlon ed-ucetlon underlies it and unueual attention atten-tion haa been paid to the relation one subject bears to another. Two principal prin-cipal exceptions are pointed out, however, how-ever, in the phvfdcal and manual training train-ing departments, which are severely erii-icifed. erii-icifed. , , ... . s to mamwl trainintf. it !h pointed out that the course lackfi justification from the standpoint of applir-a-.ion in local industries in-dustries an well ai on Ihe scope of educational ed-ucational value. The course IP declared to be extremely limited and poorly arranged ar-ranged to sequence. For inctance. It la FHtd tht time spent on work draw-inK draw-inK below the eighth grade Is time wasted. wast-ed. The work i.- condemned a of a stereotvpd port with the ylntrle aim of discipline. The following suKKestionB for Imprwement are made: The fifth and slvth gradef would get more oi:t of cons' ruct Inn work if they srould make o study of machines ma-chines ued Jn the mining tr.dv.Mry on a w ork'ng model ban! a. in trod uc-tng uc-tng thin f-beet m'a'. wire cloth, goft metals and cemer.t. in addition to wood. The making or foundrv flasks and toolH. and the eastintr of obJee;B in soft metal would be appropriate ap-propriate projects. Suggested Work. The study of tmnsporratlon. 1n,-olv-Itik the HNiklng of m.aeis of railroad track". swt eh.-. hois;s and to on. would.-f'jrnls-i ccaalors for the ex-e-c!ie of !riK-enu!y. F.rlde construction construc-tion n'rvj : ripp-oirit w.-k. It is clearly hnLf.":cd by ti;e reat t'tsMe uvr Pi It Uke. In grades never and eicht n ore n.d -Tanked wcrk In nett. ns e',i as in o-!. Is aprropr:ae. ! f o "r-e in r"! appVd art. as h.-'ti.Tne-ed copper cop-per o- braF. nr.d In ra"T. a!fti 'g (he appllcaMor of mec -.m v The j. . s ' a! Ta.n.r u-ok in t-r 'hoots Is declared to be helnw iTanrtard and of lit ' value. T,,e fuu,t ts c-;'uireyi to P rot so much in the met hods em-p!oel em-p!oel as In a f unda men' allv wrocg. eon-:ert;ort eon-:ert;ort f to what the puipobe of a '.e- p a r' mef.t of ph '. ! I ed : -a t ion should v . The mu in t -ouh1e S si 1 tn 11 tn the fn. t tfint :ni'i of the trsiral ed icaMoh ork i." r.irr!J on Indoors and is of a forn'-a ' na : ure, with : e e Men of d. :-iT. -h ts of Mltie it:terr5; ;o Mie P'.;jMr Hi'. ' vi;d cf ip'cirr .-.!'je. The so.. jilVd Ird ir tuni't are declared .o te kit. ! tn tin -ne cmlv are n.'t o-,!v for mal a-d de;i1, bur ofte;, l:.,i"e arl sf-r d-Ati d-Ati exteinoTi of oiav trror.d a-'t :v:ties 11 re-o'nm"i V 1 as one of l r.o tirs o or-re.tlrn or-re.tlrn de'er's !n tJ.e phbl"l e-ij a- tlcn de; :tr rren. htvf tv games,- t he nnv cm ! -'0' i rerr.H M J"a t t he v ,u a rr.n - ke-v of '-.eHltb-gtN Ing exerc;-e ar.-1 a tni".!v o' re.il y.A t-i I'ers to sd hctual. ealt1'''!' aed in'Tn-'iH p'sv mi ! e M;dc--r p'ay-4-roun-is are r.ee ie,J. I: is declared. .Military Drill Condemned. Military d-111 In the l.lgh scool is con-e-:ire.l iiii a draba-k to I't physi-'al trsinlny and the co--; m:s"'nn re -s-im-r er:d t'it !i e abandoned. m this point ths report aavs; M'.!trtp' tTMtnit tr v e. and rror-Mv does hv, a certain amo-jnt nf alue. but a compolorv sv.--.em t hi h tVn o jr.ic h of -he rJi'-s' M me in 1 ertrrgv as to red ice o: , er forms of physical tratnlr.s; to an e-irr:'i e-irr:'i ml;d :n u n is of q uesi iona Me worM i Military drill con not compete with 1 k'an:es In t'.-e cultnaMcn of s.i'""'! n-VrsSlrt n-VrsSlrt (m'.ts as tr.lt la 1 1 -. rrsci;ri-e-f;i!nsf, so-ial co-operation ero-.ip loyalty and :-ivs cf r'h Moreover, it ts of doubt Til v.i ,u frcm a bv-Kienlc bv-Kienlc vteu point The ev,-rnv of the rt-lll would rot tax the sirencth ard endurance of a mature soldier who 1 as been plckd on te cf phys ical fitness. mt (I la fti'lulv i.tlP'lited to the ihlcal cra'it of mnr.v of tV.e vouti.tt. weskcr and tm tn.i.t ure hlKh ec.-.nd bo s t i-h a svineni of uniform and vl-oro-is rxer :--e for ui't nr.d o'd. .t rotif and w e.i k. t;re and l - m r ure. defect i a t I son nd . t rs ns-g-.,sns the o-.os funds mem lsu of phvsic.M Trsic'ne The w.e'.Kwt of t he Hvin which is C. fried Is entirely too rr t for t he Imhtcr bo s. arid the tiectssltv of 'ni-rung It nlir.ivj on the same s.oMlder predisposes, the esse of young tv whose r-nnes are still flevit.le. to spirnl cur va t ure HtM orformity of the chest. Junior Ilijrh Schools Praised. Add to thrse consi Vrat lops the fact the t the ndlnnry tratntng Is not under un-der M-.e .p.recMon of 1 1 -o depart inept of ph s!c:i 1 educn t Ion. m nd Is t here-fnre here-fnre curiled on without expert hKietnc or nieltc.il supervision of nn sort, and we have a condition that Is positively posi-tively pernicious and danteicis. Tne report Mcores the stem nt som Imik'lli on other kiourids and verotumetvls i Unit It be nb.indnnrd In faor of mote I rdncatlnnal lines of pli slc; t ra Ining. ! Reverting n the genmsl school prob-1 prob-1 lems, t h survey commission com-j com-j mends the plan now being developed tn Salt Lake of doln away with tins ma di'.Mr.cMons betweii the ktui hoots and high schools by fratlns junior nUti Hcnools conFdstir.fr ni 1 ;ic- M-vntn. !t,'nth and ninth prndeB, followed by fenlor niyfi schools forialtin of the three la-.t years of hlKh M'diooi work. This Hvstern hus heen but (ni perfectly developed as yet, it i rernarkeo, i-'Jt tne tcnlency is proprewsive and aloa the llru-H of best educational thougnt. Tee plan of Ht-att.-rin thewo junior blh hdioolK over the city Is condemned, however, and It is BUKe.'et;d that they he centered as far as possible ho um to bring hvvhv num-i num-i hers of junior hUh H' hool pupils together, togeth-er, hoth for financial and administrative pjaaons. , , , . , A larjre section of tne report 1b devoted to detailed tables showing the results of actual testa mode by the surveyors, with a view to determining In a tangible manner man-ner the efficiency of the instruction In the Suit Jake pchoolH. These tfeHts. varying widely as to clashes and subjects, reveal on the whole satisfactory resulla, though it Is pointed out that In a num.Ver of Instances a peculiar pe-culiar Isrk of uniform ability was discovered dis-covered anion? the pupils of the same clas. This Indicate that some pupils are Going thruiiKh a partirulr.r subject with too much ease, while others are working too hard. A problem worthy of much study :h thus presented. Comparison Made. A comparison of the phowlng made in Salt T-ake with that of three other cities in wbi'-h thee tes's have been conducted conduct-ed namely, liutte, iior.i., Springfield. III., a nd Oakland, Cal.. puts the schools of I this citv well above those of the other cities in all grades, except the eliv-htji. For the city as a whoie it Is shown that Salt Lake stands 6 per cent above all the others. This excellent allowing, however, should not obscyre the defects that the tests reveal, it Is pointed out. One of the most difticult. problems In school organization Is declared to be that of caring for Individual In-dividual needs of the child. In a complex com-plex svHtern, such a public school system must be, the individual chiid is too apt to be lost '.n t he midst of ma-jilnery. The cure, as applied to Salt T-ake, la declared de-clared to be Individual promotion, rather rath-er than class promotion, at reasonably freouent intervals and cn the ha sis of single subjects, innerid of by grades. Summing up itfi exhaustive test of all subjects f n its attempt to measure the value of insTuotion. the survev commission commis-sion comes to th fo'loving conclusions; Ftrn;t It should f'rt of rtM be said that Salt Iake i'ity ranks fclirh among cities of her class in each of the five studies in which tests were given, the comparisons he!n made in terms of average attainment. Serond In srn"ir.? eo -arge a percentage per-centage of children made a perfect score thnt f interpretation of the r'-sups is difncuU. the, city's average standing being. 1G per cent above the standard. Differences Exist. ! Third Ir. fepeillng. language, writing and in the furda mentals of arithmetic arith-metic wide differences exist between The res';); shown for different schools. Kort-ign languages at home may part- j Iv a'-ount fo-- such difierences. particularly par-ticularly in composition. There is a 1! mil. though, to which even such i causr-s shou.d he permuted to r-.o-iify the fhooi star.daras. If a child is doing fifth-grace language work he sr.uu.d not ordinarily be classed as nr. eight.i-grade pupil. Fo , r t ii The differences T-etween grads are. with few exceptions, ap- , prcx'n-.ate y w nat they pnouid be. ; Fifth The rar-ge of abilities in any . rlvn grade is i .tireiy too great, as ; judged by ad of the five testfc. ! Siv.i. Sin.:!arly, the raritre of abid- ! ties wr.hin a g:en cJai-s. again m all fci;e5 tcS'ed. is far too great. j Seventh At least one-f ourt n more i time is beit.g gl en to spelling and rnoce t !-.-. n one - f ourt n more to an th - meMc t.an is justified in the light of j the best knowledge on the subject. i Would Change Time. With these facts before us the follow fol-low : r.g re. .n.m end a :!"ne are ir.ade : First Spe'l'-ng el.ouid r ot ha e i no re ' '.an s. i : - t li - en y - f ! ve ,t: r.-u'es r.-u'es i er week and arithmetic from seven-y-flve In grade two to 'r" i.iir.'jiu In grade eUhl. A part of the surplus lime from these two branches tco-jid fe tz.vt'.i to !a.nrjage work an3 part t) ot.ner parts of tne curriculum tl m the s-.h;ects deit with. here. Se.-.-,rd--T.-e only e-'c-nomical and ped1 cvab-al way of meeting tne needs '. t'.u exirerr.e!y dull and extremely br'ght puf! 'rer'ar'S 'rom i to 1 rep cent of racb .-!aj tested is by a much larger use o' ungraded rooms. to hi''ii the most skillful :eri''ners bhor. d be ass'.gr.ed. It would t-e easy fnr all the larger shoo:s of the citv f nd from twenty. five to fifty children chil-dren who ought for their own shakes, anl for t,-.e sakes of other children as wed. to be placed In such rooms. T.ds would provide un inestimable relief in all clses work in the school. T!.!s Is the most evident and The most Important need which is brought to l.ght by tere tes's. TV-d- The Yef and most constant supr Is ion of this work is needed to work o'.:i necessary rea-i;.us,m;-r:tsi. I' sho:!d t addri that, so lone as the c ra t : 'ir.ee a re s t '. f f y n . a i n -tAinrt as the only rnsis for the c.as-"l"! c.as-"l"! -at ion of children, ran of the vr vie of eperi s-jper-dsin is r.uili- fe. Ko irth In addition to this, prorr.o-t'on prorr.o-t'on oueht to he a possibility more f re r-"' ' made use cf. Wren a fourth-grade child can read as well as a sr en: i-irraie chi;,i he o":ght not to he Kept in the fourth sra.ie for redirg ;u?t because he cannot leave hi. fourth - grade srlthrnetio. Fifth-Pr. fly. wh.&t t.-.e schoc's have ''V.fvcj in cere mt they should now set t.-.en se: cs to achieve in particular particu-lar A dl :s;on of the report doling w it h the 11:", of children throucn t'.ie a-rio;. a-rio;. :ades sins that Salt Ike stands re.a;: eiy hiji a in t he percent ace ol re-i.red re-i.red pupiis The basis for calcula-tio! calcula-tio! on this subte.-t is that cpdMren are suj rosed to enier the first jirade at the SRe of 8 years and finish the eighth grade '-t; ire age of u. Graphic t aides complied bv the survey co:u:n:5ion on actual data avai'V,de e:icw t lit l ..4 per cent ot the pup-Is a: e r- -tardea, that is. ttiev have fa 'ed to :v.a:n- ! fain ihe after schedule in geitiM through I tlic grades; 40 4 per cent have made normal progress and ItS.2 per cent hae made acclerated pigress, finishing ahead of schedule. In the list of twentv-nlne American ' cll'es Salt I ,nke stsndy in the t wemy- I sr-ond pia-'e in rec.;.l to ret a ti!a tion. It ts ii'-'ted I un her t h;i f not only are 4.1 per cent of the children retarded, imt ' !n i:isn eni-es the degree of retaliation 1 reac;,es two. three nnd even tour years. I Such a condition is declared to be but another argument in favor of more ungraded un-graded rooms a nd t hose individual adjust ad-just menta referred (o heretofore. Reasons for Retardation. Ken sons for retardation are listed ps follow . PMr home conditions, physical ailments, ail-ments, trnslei ring fivun u v.'io" school, an e.i ed mental development, difficulty wuh the Knglitdi language, l;t.d: of application. In a: uoss, poor attendance, at-tendance, late entering and delinquency delin-quency tn this same sub loot the commission remarks that there are many children In Salt lake schools who belonn; moie properly prop-erly to institutions for the I cehle-nuinb'd. I -nek of such institutions is undouiiirdly one of the reasons for ttie hlnh percentage per-centage of itnilatlon. These pupils wan to both the time of teacher nnd their own. and we a general burden on the entire system. 1 ' nder the hen ding of but 1.1 tuns and health Tr. Ter man. a mem her of t he survey coin nits- Ion. mnk r some pointed criticisms ot what is termed the "school plant." lie declares that of the thirty-four thirty-four build I ok a h t preset) t' tn use lu Su It I like, thirty beloiiK to the oholete t pe of architecture. The heatinc. light tnfi and ventilating systems ot most of these buildings arp declared to be unyntlsfac-lor unyntlsfac-lor . There nr not enough clasfvooms to accommodate ac-commodate the children. Pmk, damp and dingy tAwemenl rooms, totally unfit for human ooonpnncy. are vised as classrooms. class-rooms. R Ma also pHHwly llKli(e,t and illy ventilated iialli. Marr n -v. . used for domestic s:;n- 'ar - i able, hoth from the hyjren;-- a--"-" thetic standpoint, T.-r a'' assembly rooms. Th:V a'-"-' baths in the prirrarv .r' z-,. schools. The toilet ar-ir-;- ; ;J ; manv cas, unsanita-v V-J Tne janitor service. ;s ";4r7 r; ,"t partly ha3. A few cf ;'re (-;," -. .M well suited to schocl i--y 'Z the esse of -r.ore r'nr r'- ' '.' the playground space is eitr-- . quate. ""' 1 -;-t- Changes Needed. A sunermter.-ie-t of b:: i-p -of corT'rct'.r)g tre fatiits of v;-"' .-' ' the oicr bui.-iiriES a."i o;-.r.i ; - :;-; tions for new t'jlidiErs ij r::;r" as a necessity. The value of school bat:! atr- --s and it is declared that f-.-i.-r :" ?hould be equipped til: "' " ;' shower rooms, one for bor -. giris. :. T.-e ;an!tor ser-dce b tit -1 schools is declared to be jr.sairi--Much of the nasal ra-a- v -trouble fo-jnd a.TiOr.g the r. -k clared to be due to a-::;ui:: z-of z-of sehoot ho'-sekceplr.e. rr: i-s i-s eepir.K Fauit is found 'with ir - -jri tures in the various fc.".:i:;n ' could be regulated bv r-- ;:r-jariitor ;:r-jariitor sendee, it is ?:r.:?i r:. Onty the newest b;::i..r5 v '-' proof. The sta.rs are rr-j vr." furr.rire ro-.rr.s are rot inn proof and the fire escs;; znz' . cacte either lacns cr i-a::- ' "..J report ?ajs on tinis su:je::. "' ' Serious fire trareiies hs-j n'. : tn school buMlrrs rx Terse O1-- Z rraicntv cf those '.c ' ' Psnl- belts shcull re -' - rrov.ied for au cutHi-e -lire drills should be s:t;e:;K v.r.ifor-, control. :'? b.'." i sh o M be rr.a d e mo: curly 'i ; proof. .-j As rorr.pired to sta-Jaris n-r. '- bv the most rroressive schccl n- - : Salt Lake i 'o-jrd .o br br'vi;; matte- cf health s-p-e. Ir.:- " rr.issihle dise.?es are four.-: t: -: mirablv ccTitroiled: sar.iury t- - -the b-j'lilrcs is carried 02: tnzjr. -'or ch.rrie cefects are r:. : - '.Rck of time and n-iOr.ey th :n pa rtment Is urble to feller :5 ' as'lt sh.oi:ld be followed. It i; -however t'-at whatever has ;e-rrti n this line h-S be?:. :"; ; Tve records are found to '-" ta's-sbb- that c-r!tae:ous '- i.t, sieni'-'artly re-'iced ir -. or ,viree years. Xhre is vast roorr for ir.rr:-;:' veath matters In the ?-jhl ; fv lis pointed out. su-'h a : a- open-air s.-oo!. meclrii 1-: ' ! I c'iic. eve sre-ia':ists ard rr.-: ' 'attention to chronic a:lr.--' -" i cbildreri. |