Show k he e Music Student Abroad road I Papa Haydn Haydn By Pietro II ls L-ls III ia Impossible in the limits of ot those los clos to give more than a a. glimpse lie he masters who made great music tho art works which flowed from pens and brains But nut if that thit pie ipso will only stimulate my trl friends study tudy a little more moio deeply In into to cal leal ar art t history and the 11 lives ve of or 1 I its ts instead of ot confining all t their and effort cort to technique and ind to tons End ns nd criticisms of ot their fellow stu- stu I 1 shall be quite Quito happy For tor the tho Who have reached the glittering i Aita U In music a as aa In n an any oth other r art they who have o como up out of ot i F tribulation and an m many dent severe fevere glee teles They are arc the students who tolled harder than an any galley alley for only through toll oll and seU can any great height g ht bo eved ved ed no matter how bow promising bo be tho the soil into which God has hasped ped ged the tho ono one groat rat musical see seed t. t was 1 so 80 with Haydn one ono of the tho test of the secondary planets In Ina inC which cast their beneficent t light t B C all ail succeeding succeeding- generations n was tho the creator of tho the sym sym- y and nd of ot the stringed quartet of or h more In the future articles I authors credit him with being parent of ot orchestration shar- shar uch honors with Bach and Han- Han But tf-But Haydn was both leas less and antI fter ter than Handel And yet et thc they I n the two giants glunts of ot oratorio music Ha e world works both before and day Bach stands alone on his r I pedestal Only ono other ap- ap hs them tho the with his Elijah belle three men we 0 will speak somo detail for with them s 8 almost tho the crown and und glor glory ho oratorio although of ur course courseS oth other composers te S e Bro arc r oratorios and antI cantatas But Dut to tor r throe three we wo bow In meekest rover- rover I finding ln no fault in them but conto con con- conc conI I c to worship au and to study without pr r to equal or to critic criticise so F St So n of l P or or l fi n was the tho son lIon of ot poor parents father was a wheelwright and his hisor or was a cook In tho the employ of ot at a n nt at t was born In inan Fau au an on th the confines of or Hungary and although he Is said saida 1 a a German he hR had that thal strain pt of ot arlan blood in his veins which hl h hIven Iven to the tho world so much m anti and oh ch a n current of ot power ras os born March 31 SI 31 1732 and end was was Cal 1 front from infancy HI JIl father athor wast was t a singer and time the bo boy was gifted with so remarkable ablo a voice that ho was teas received re received received re- re at eight years oars into tho the bO boys 8 choir in St. St Stephens Stephena church whore h he was vms taught to play on tho tiro violin and tho the primitive piano us well as In Instructed instructed In- In In n tho the elements clementH of ot composition still j very primitive in man many respects for Bach DC wa was waH only then completing tho the good work worl of perfecting the tho scale the organ and all nIl harmonic relations g So that what shat little Instructions the tho boy Haydn could get before ho was 16 years ears old ho he took advantage of ot At that age hl his hid voice broke as ns was to be bo expected and ho wa wn vas then thrown out Into the world without much chance chance chanco of carrying on his beloved pursuit tumble Humble At this time Ha Haydn procured a L few ft pupils and told as he ho hud had saved ell up a little money ho he took un an attic In a a. kind hairdressers hairdresser's hair hair- hairdressers hairdresser's dressers dresser's gers ger's house e who gave Javo avo him food tood and rent almost free All All the thc furniture In this tin tiny cold room loom was WIH an nn old harpsichord two books on composition o l- l tion Hon which ho had bought bou ht with his savings and six sK sonatas which ho Imo hud had bought In the tho same Iamo WU way composed by Bach Doch tho the son ot of tho the great reat Johann Sebastian Bach Dach This Bah Bach was US not ot so go good 1 u composer cr as ns his father Cathel but Jut ho was still very cry great on form Corm and arrangement I Ho lie know knew just Juat how long lon l' l each ch movement movement move move- ment ought to be to balance lanc tho the three and Just how long tho subject as tho the first clear tune tunc Is called ought to last where a new ono one might come como in and and ana when ono was wa to put this now note subject Into another key For Tor tho the laws lawa of ot all these things 9 aro are clear and very vory fixed when whon ono one comes to understand them Haydn saw this and ho studied letl these sonatas tas rigidly ll There had he been on many man In Internments instruments perfected and much muck music written n for tor them b by this time besides many primi primitive tire tive overtures for tho llio popular operas and und for tho the Passions of ot Bach and und Handels Handel's und and other musicians musician oratorio rio rios But Dut none of ot these wore noro really C essential to tho the whole composition composition composition tion or oven even Interesting It occurred to lIay Haydn n that here was n a chance for him to do something original s j he hl adopted tho the form torm of or a n. long overture and antI then he wrote throe three mot movements nty for COI an orchestra to Ilia play all ll by hy Itself and made ronde this thin composition tion alto altogether eth Independent of ot any opera or oratorio Title This is called cane a sonata l Emmanuel Bach Bach's Bachs S 'S works his models at nt first but b by degrees he worked out his hla own particular sonata form and it become bocam tho only accepted one ono until the time of ot Liszt Poetry and Melody Titers There is considerable of ot poetry and melody about Haydn's music and ho hu shows a kindly feeling for Italian I moods und and motifs This was walt p perhaps tho the result of ot his acquaintance o with l and tho the Italian composer nn and singer or Through h them thorn Haydn studied the Italian language and what was waa of much moro more con consequence conse conso- o- o quence the th literature and mu music lc of ot Italy IIo Ho was Vas employed b by tho the singer to accompany pupils pupils pupils pu pu- pils In their singing lessons In 1750 tho the year of ot Father Bachs Bach's d death ath lIa Haydn was en engaged aged as nil music director and composer to a Count Mor- Mor zin Ho Ito was to have havo a a. salary y of t 00 OO florins free Cree lodgings lo and find table with his hla secretaries and other officials Tous To Tous Tous us today it seems strange that musicians mu mu- would thus tie tic themselves es up to potty aristocrats to fetch fotch and carry Just as tho the lord ling might dictate nut But Butone one must remember that that society trod had not yf yet t t emerged from the tho thrall of ot tho ho feudal system when ministers and ani who their glor glory and In Incidentally Incidentally Incidentally In- In their living from Crom the tho favors of or batons barons and carls earls who kept u ma minstrel min atrel as they thoy the keep a n. cook or a a. Jester And thoro thero luis has never bc boon been m much money monay In music In Germany anyway until thelast tho the last few fow years and both Haydn and Handel had to go to England to get et either mOIl money mom or appreciation So that Haydn was wa In line with his fellow tellow musicians musician In iii this enforced musical la labor labor la- la bor udder under court favor Cavor Enters S Service Whoa When ho was 28 years oars ol old ton years cara later inter Hay Haydn n entered nt red Into his hla long service of ot Count which was to last laut thirty yeara years Ills his position was wao comfortable for times but the musician had to produce opera opert twice a week weak and now ones onea as ao often ofton as possible possible peed peed- ble We ho had to direct an orchestral concert every afternoon and lie ho mo also had to bring to his royal roal patron afresh a fI afresh fresh composition of or his own before breakfast each morning g. g This h In to addi addi- addition addition tion lion to all tho royal festivals and court functions Occasionally tho the whole court decided to take part In an un original mu- mu ideal and then poor Haydn had to write to suit Bult each voice and talent such buch as thoy had or had not note and of ot course all worn wore blamed on tho the poor conductor But ut Haydn I had hoa aa au orchestra oura of ot bio hie own owl at least and with these ho he could hear his Ills own pro productions right off ore tho the bat as I it t were Poor Haydn Hadn married about this time and perhaps from motives of or gratitude ho took the daughter of or tho the hairdresser I who had been kind to him in his first start In ill life Ute But w shat hat a union Isis His nagging and extravagant wit wife was a 0 constant source of or bitterness and an an- not But Hut Just to provo prove that ono one can be bo oneself In spite of or everything else Haydn's music Is said paid to bo be tho the brightest most Joyous and natural music music music mu mu- sic ever cr heard It IA 18 full of or tho the ripple of ot w water ter the twitter of ot birds and tho the colors oJ of sunrise Tho The master himself wrote in his later life lito concerning his shrew wife wife MIl It Is I nothing to her whether her r husband Je bo a cobbler or an to artist Wo We 0 have heard of ot other artists artist making similar complaints have complaints have we vo not To o us unmarried students ones ones students I mean It mean It gives OK 1 08 the tho shudder For Tor who I can enn tell after all which is tho the best best best- the nagging wife of or a Haydn Hadn or the tho no- no wife of ot a a. Handel Tho Tito misters masters were I such lIuch In n spite cf their wives and with with- without without out them theta theta-so so that th-it wo we students take talco heart henrt and still aro on eon tho lookout got get that girls Work orl Under Haydn's bC beautiful symphonies were ere composed mostly while under Esterhazy's Ester Ester- hazy's ha s patronage and indeed n a veritable host of or wonderful pieces piece Haydn was waa about aa ns prolific as ag Bach Bachand and anil Handel Ono One very pretty story is told tola about Farewell Tho count had decided od to diminish his expensive band If IC f not ot to dismember It Accordingly ly Haydn composed his el 10 lovely and quaint Farewell In which first t ono one and thon then other another of at the instrumentalists In- In stops puts put out hi his light folds up his music and taking up his Instrument departs quietly until thero are none nono loft left to play The count is i isaid said auld to have changed his hili mind after this unique and beautiful musical protest pro pro- I test was heard by him Haydn wrote 12 symphonies seventy seven tiring string quartets sixty eight trios as ns well ne ae operas and niJ oratories piano solos and sonatas without number Haydn was waR a 1 delightfully cheerful man This Joy jO of life Ufa he ho translated into his music If ono one Js is disposed tobe to tobe tobe be gay Haydn's music will surely foes feed that Joyousness If blossoms and trees flowers and birds could speak In musical harmonics their ton tones s would be Haydn's own Beethoven the Great had harl the tile same name faculty of ot putting nutting sounds of ot rustling trees and chirrup chirrup- chirruping chirrupIng chirruping I ing birds Into his music and and no doubt Papa Haydn who was his teacher taught him some of or his tricks Tho rho Tho Creation Haydn's masterpiece Is la I Said bV In ono OHO critic rUI to tn hn ho n t I 1 r vl lard u i Song g. g Important Work Wo Yo como come now to the Important and nud fruitful time of ot this great groat musicians musician's life his life his visit to England I England is j I Ithe the tho of or oratorio music Those staid Maid ol old Britons may not have havo muc mue creative o ability in musical lines but hut tho they thoy have ha something quite as good gool If It not better better thu tho solid appreciation of ot native worth and of or truo true art which Is pure harmon harmony Tho extravagant ant de demotion devotion de- de cotlon c- c motion to art and emotion which marks tho Limo nations who are arc leaders in artistic lines also hinders them from being great rent organizers and developers So Bo that to England we wo may look for the tho kindling fires of ot appreciation which led a Handel Mandel lIan cl and nn later a Haydn then thena a Mendelssohn to create creato tho throe three greatest oratorios If It not indeed the three greatest g musical masterpieces In n nall all the tho world world the tho Messiah tho the and Elijah all composed b by native natho Germans who caught their Inspiration for Cor these masterpieces from tho sane yet ot solid and ana appreciative English people On the thc death of at Haydn who was then thon over 60 acceptor accepted an oft- oft repeated Invitation of or of tho tiro London Im- Im Solomon to go so up to London London London Lon Lon- don and conduct opera and oratorio oratorio- of ot Handels Handel's Haydn stayed only two years and wont went back to Vienna But again In 1794 ho returned to to England Isis Ills reception was as and as ns stupendous as was Handel's Handels own Ho lie o W was S received by court and people like a reigning soy sov And while In London Haydn aydn listened to tho the production of ot Handels Handel's masterpiece Tho The Messiah in Westminster West West- minster A Abbey Whon tho the full tull glories of that matchless burst of ot choral music music the tho Hallelujah Chorus Chorus burst burst upon his hla enraptured oars cars Haydn Hadn determined determined de de- to bend bond all his energies Ies to the production of a n similar work Ho Hc was past 6 when ben ho conceived this Idea Iden Osier Discredited r And 1 If Dr Osler Osier ha had been thero to sneer the tho old man might have havo given up his hta marvelous proposition But no noone noone noone one thought to tell him ho he was old old old- and so 90 ho lie Just set to work In spite of age of or a scolding wife and of or time the thoman man many burdens and cares of ot public life for ho was waE conductor ever every tight night he began his life work calmly and without without without with with- out hurry hurr He was so long long about It and ho ire had had already told his friends so so much of what ho he was as doing that he was sometimes twitted with his his supine- supine ness nose but Papa Ha Haydn would always reply calmly I spend much time timo on In onIt onIt It because I Intend it to last a long time Im And In spite o of ot nil all these handicaps tho the music IH is as fresh ns as spontaneous and as full of or spring verdure ordure and charm as If It it th the early oarl production of ot his most moat vigorous years ears Meanwhile Haydn was back and forth from England to Vienna and was still conducting nightly teaching composing other othor less Important things and Incidentally making money hand handover handover handover over fist for his foolish wife ife to spend spond and andor or throw away like tho the Improvident creature creaturo she sho W was waa B. B Pious Surrounding Tho natural joyousness of ot IIa Haydn's nature is strikingly Illustrated In n this lovely piece of ot music He said cald after It was WS all nU dono done Never fever was I BO so pious as ns when I was W S engaged upon the oratorio of the tho Creation I fell on my knees dall dally daily and prayed earnestly to God that Ho IIo would grant lITant mo me strength to c carry rry on tho the work and to praise Him worthily And thus we wo have havo today in the tho descriptions of ot his biographers bers the tho picture of oC the thu o old leI man going dally daily upon his hla knoes knees b before |