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Show BBBB FAKJI AND GAIiDEN. MATTERS OP INTERCUT TO AGRICULTURISTS. Roma I'p-to-llala lllnla About tal-lltallon tal-lltallon of Ilia Soil and 1 la Id a Vharrof llortleulluro. Viticulture and alurltullara. Caeumbar Mtlon IHteaia. The April bulletin of the Ohio F.x-perlment F.x-perlment Station thus summarlxe the report ot experiments in the treatment of cucumbers and melon diseases The cucumber pickle industry continues con-tinues to Increase In Ohio and the yields ot pickles hive been more satisfactory satis-factory for 1S5S than for tho previous year. The abundant rains, well dlt trlbuted, and the high mean temper-alures temper-alures for the growing months have contributed to thlt end The downy mildew of cucumbers and allied ptantsVlasmopara Cuhensit. hat been fully aa destructive lo the plantt during the season named aa In 1S97. but owing to the earlier harvesting ot the crop tho actual reduction ot yields hat been only about one-half aa great from thlt cause. Anthracnote of cucurblta, Colleto-trichum Colleto-trichum Lagenirlum, haa Increased In abundance and dettrucllvenesa A wilt of cucumbers and muskmclont, referred to a tpeclea of Kuiarlurn, has also prevailed, besides the usual wilt dltease. I'hyllostlcta Cucurbltacearum and Cercospora Cucurbltao have also been found spotting cucumber leaves ns well aa Cercospora Cltrulllna upon watermelon foliage. Co-operative spraying experiments upon a commercial acalo bave given an Increase of aeventy-flve bushels per acre upon iprayed, compared with un-sprayed un-sprayed cucumber pickle vines, attacked at-tacked by downy mildew The profits from thlt treatment were not to largo at would havo accrued from similar work In 1897, for reatona pertaining to earllness of crop. The practicability of saving the late crop of cucumbers from downy mildew, mil-dew, by use of Hordeaux mixture, la fully demonstrated by tho experiments made. Spraying for tbli purpoto need not ) begun earlier than July 23 lo August 1, If a crop of pickles or cucumbers cu-cumbers Is harvested by August 15, spraying tor downy mildew Is not re quired. 4 ,aj4j Spraying ot antbraennse, downy mildew mil-dew and leaf blight ot muskmclont It still recommended, although tome failure fail-ure are recorded. Previous recommendations aa to the treatment nt lata tomato plantt with Hordeaux mixture to prevent tomato leaf blight, Septorla l.ycopcrslcl, aro again repeated. Ktock for Furupran I'luma In tome notes on plum culturo published pub-lished In a recent bulletin Issued by the Colorado Experiment Station, Professor Pro-fessor Charlet 8. Crandall says: For tho Kuropean plums such as Iimbard. Orceu (Inge, and Ilradshaw ijuuiuum, urvcii uaio, ana iirauanaw i probably no stock Is better than I seedlings of some variety ot I the species from which theso va-1 rletles came I'runua domeatlca. I These have been In common usa I for many years, but In recent years havo been In some degree superseded by Myrobalan stocks (aecdllnga of Frunut ccrailfen, r species ot I.'uro-pein I.'uro-pein orgln). Myrobalan stocks aro In common use In Kuropean countries and have rapidly grown In favor with our nurtorymen, not becnuta better trees can be grown upon them, but because It Is easier to secure good Myrobalan My-robalan than good domestics etocks. ficedt ot domeatlca varieties vari-eties that will produce an oven stand of stocks It difficult to obtain, and the Myrobalan, which la easier to grow and less liable to In-Jury In-Jury from parasitic fungi, offers an acceptable ac-ceptable substitute. Some nurserymen Import the seeds and grow their own stocks, others find It mora profitable to Import tho seedlings. They ara usually usual-ly received during tho winter, planted In nursery rows In spring, and budded In July and August. In the south tho stocks tn common use are the Marl-anna Marl-anna plum and peach, and very dlvwrse opinions as lo their relative merltt hive been expretsed Probably tho differences dif-ferences arise from varying locat conditions, con-ditions, for the UtUmony at hand Indicates In-dicates that on the light nnd dry soils the peach stock does best, while tho Myrobalan la hotter suited to the heavier aud more moist soil. Evon at the north the peach meets with some favor as a stock for plums on light soils, but It Is too tender tor districts where severe winters aro common. For the native varieties, Wolf, Weaver, De Boto and other derivatives of I'runus Americana, the natural Inference that Americana stocks would be best seems to ba borna out by experience, but the degree of success may depend In a measure upon the seed used Tho species spe-cies Is extremely variable In general bablt and rapidity of growth as well is In the fruit produced. Hludy Ilia Holt Tor the economical nppllcatlon ot fertilisers It It necessary to make lomcthlog ot a study ot tho soil Clay tolls as a rule contain sutllcleat potash pot-ash but they are likely to need either nitrogen or phosphoric acid and are usually benefited by both. Complete fertilizers thould not bo applied by tbs farmer without reservation. Thoy aro only complete as they meet the requirements re-quirements of his soil On clay soils bono meal It usually a very eJectlvu fertilizer. It supplies phosphoric acid ind potash and also lime, which usually usual-ly extrts a beneficial mechanical effect on clay. Acid phosphates or South Carolina rock acta In the same way except that It contains no nitrogen The average sandy soil is always deficient de-ficient In all at Iho ' e principal for- Hilling tonstltntenls It uot only , necessary to supply the soil therefore with nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potash but organic matler will prove beneficial as well If barnyard manure ma-nure It not available plowing under green crops wltl serve the result Uy a systematic method of rotation and pasturage together with the use of commercial fertllliers. aandy tolls can bo brought to the highest stats ot productiveness pro-ductiveness In the determination ot what kind of a fertilizer and how much shall be applied to a partlculalr soil tbs farmer mutt be his own guide he mutt make hit own field experiments and profit by them from year to year. Held experiments conducted In bis ' same locality but on a heavy black soil, whereaa his might be a light aandy soil, would be of little or no , benefit to him In a general way ttndy soils are leachy and non-enduring whllo clay tolls aro of an enduring fertility, mainly because they do not wath excessively nor allow the water lo leach from them the plant foods which they contain ew llallrt for llio I'olalo Crop. .Miners who have passed the winter In the Klondike refer lo n brand of evaporated potatoes sent from Canada which have proved very satisfactory at a tubslltirte for fresh vcgcublet, says the Iturnl New Yorker We learned Ibat the Canadian company fan various vari-ous factories In this country and In Canada. One factory Is run at May-vllle, May-vllle, Mich. It started latt fill with evaporated ipples, and then made apple elder and apple Jelly. When tho apple scston was finished, they begin evaporating potatoes and kept at It nearly all winter, through the very coldest weather. The same company, wo are lold, evaporated peaches In Ocorgla earlier In the season, Ono of our friends In Mtyvllle gives ut tho following Information about thlt butt-nets. butt-nets. Mlow are potatoes canned?' 'They are flrtt wathed and then put in a large vat or steamer and atcamed Jutt enough to loosen the skins. Then ley are taken out and peeled by women and girls. After this they are fooked until thoroughly done, and then run through a machine shaped iko a colander. They come through "It In long, while etrlngs very much resembling long worms or thredded cocoa nut. After ihla ik. -. .... '"""" Atter this they are evaporated evapo-rated and put up In tin cans and tcaltd airtight" "About how many potatoei were ft canned during the season?" L bushel's'"1'"''" 'UU Wa ahoM C'000 f "Does this make any dlfferenco In I iho potato market for the neighboring ' farmers?" i "Yes, I think It docs, although the rarmera have no trouble In selling all tlio potatoes they grow, to tho shippers. ship-pers. The canning factory helps lo raise the price. Last wintcr.-'when tho factory ftnt tUrted, the shippers were navlni nnlv "ft tn .....,- . t ,.., . - - -- -- -v w mm ,,UI, w UUVUCI UT I potatoes. The factory's first contract I waa for 3,000 buihels at 25 cents. Of fl courso the canners want tho highest B quality of potatoes. It Is understood EL hero that the factory had a contract Va with the United Blates government for jjB all the potatoes that were canned list V winter." |