| Show - - i Sunday Morning trbt $alt gake Bingham Copper Outpu In Defense Effort Sets All Time Record (Continued from Preceding Page) - -- Mining Methods Adopted From the start the "chief gator" of the venture realized that insti- - ' I r Or '4 a - 1k Is - 4 rb4 -1 i:7 - - 4- --4 r i' 1 1:-- ' r 1 e ' 1 : ' l: '1'd'81-:-- Milling Methods Evolved While a regretably large percent- age of the citizens in mining corn- - - r '' ti t rnunities fail to appreciate fully the blessings of mining operations con- tributing heavily to docommunity and state those who give proper credit to the enterprise naturally limit their interest to the benefits obtained in employment taxes paid and business transacted locally Busy with their own problems they can hardly be expected to voluntarily investigate what transpires from the time the ore leaves a mine until its metals are so extracted as to be recognized To gain some insight of what happens during that transition cannot help increasing appreciation of and human intereat in the never ending grind of production simpleIn appearance but timed and regulated within limits explanation of which astonish Hence some detail on the winning of copper and other metals from the Bingham porphyry tto Extraction Methods Confined to the ore under consider- ation there are two major methods for extracting values A third which plays a minor part in this story will not be described When the Utah Copper company started operationsthe second major method had not appeared so far as application to ore was concerned In the treatment of ore to "concentrate" means to eliminate the worthless to obtain as rich a mixture as is economical for treat- ment in a smelter or by other methods with which we are not concerned "Gravity" concentration or milling produces the desired concentrate by in taking advantage of the difference of unit ratio (the gravity specific weight to that of water) of the values and waste material after the ore has been crushed and ground to degree sufficient to release the values from the gangue or waste material That was the general process used in the original test on Bingham porphyry in the Little Chief mill at Bingham and later in the Rogers mill as well as in the operation of the original Copperton mill built in - 1903 And in general the same grayity method was used in the Arthur and Magna mills until 1916 when the "flotation" process was first intro-duced in the Arthur mill "flotation" often a part of b gravso easy to understand ity mill is notmethod but in simple as the older English it can be described as using bubbles to float off the desired values from a liquid solution leaving behind Sometimes the unwanted material the material floated off is the unde- - ' 1 - - 70 1 - t4 t --- I f c ri-- ' a ''' a : ? t 't 't E ''' 4 N' S4:''''N 1111 I- B t '1ks' tcs 1 l' t - t '' N 44114--s1444- A) - '''' ''' :''7- - - A ' ' At a ''' - ' - t $ The figures listed in the summary of major features of Utah Copper operations give a definite picture of the contribution made in employment wages local purchase of power ma- -' terials and supplies but a "yardstick" or qualification often emphasizes the importance of figures that are somewhat meaningless by them- selves First it is well to remember that the operauons are confined to the sparsely populated state of 'Utah— just about 500000 Population The vital contribution in taxes a n d wages is obvious Taxes of the ('Othpany alone sometimes are based Iipon valuations of more than 50 percent of the total property valuation of Salt Lake City a city of 150000 citizens The ratio of valuations for tax purposes approaches 20 per cent of valuation for the entire state of Utah '' - - 'i i 4 -- : ' 4 ' o i - : :-- ' 4 ! : : ' 4 - 1 i '''' ''' ''''I4-'''''''''''I- 1 ' --- n -- 4 i- f - ' 4 ' - ' 147 :- y' NZ's:4P ' : - 4 -- - 1 A - - ''' - t 's ' ' - s - 47 ji c‘:foli - g s ''N" '" 44 l') - A - - 7 :: ' ::4- ? t '' 4:-- 4 e 1 r ' t4 'oo 0co:)IrN :' - A: f At 4 - - ''''': 4 : y "! : - '41' ' "- i ' 1 - tk 4- 'II 4b? A ' -- - - - -- 7"4ssus-- -- - - 440::: : - - : i ' '' so' - e '" 0 ' - t" ' - : 'N '' - ' s" ' ' 4e- Jack ling and Robert C Cemmell make first study of the porphyry ore at Bingham Geinmell does the sampling and Jackling tbe metallurgical research on 68 tons of ore in the Little Chief mill 1ing and Cemmell concuet a secono exhaustive study of the Bingham deposit running mill tests in the Rogers mill at Bingham with Colonel 1902—jackling discusses proposal to Wall owner of Bingham claims 1903—Jack ling obtains option from Wall and conducts Charles MacNeill R A F Penrose and Spencer Penrose all of Colorado Springs Colorado over the "prospect" at Einghani followed by dinner at the Knutaford Hotel at Salt Lake City The Utah Copper company is formed mill at Cop) 1903—Jackling starts building the 330-to- n (later perton in June aided by Frenk G Janney and George O Bradley 1904—Underground mine operations with John McDonald as first mine superintendent ships first ore to Coprerton mill 1903—Construction of 6000-to- n mill started at Magna and Jackling visit open-ciron mines In Minnesota— bring J D Shilling Sr back as superintendent 1908—Equipment at Bingham mine now comprised of eight steam shoels and rtlocomotivea which contributed 66 per cent of mill ore balance' from underground 1910—Arthur mill and Bingham property of Boston Consolidated acquired in consolidation—also Louis S Cates Capacities of Magna and Arthur mills increased to 10000 and 8000 tons per day respectively & Garfield railroad constructed from Bingham to Garfield at cost of 3400000 t : - 1922-Rem4-)- 1000-ton- Gat!! ' 1906--Gem- mell ut I ( 1 ' I ' hc ah incite aeln gienngetenreefrrotmo dAt3ei Arthur mill superintendents — First D D Moffat Second F G Janney Jr Third T A Janney' Fourth Roy Hatch from 1920 to date' Magna mill superintendents — First Frank G Janney Second C T Van Winkle Third D D Moffat Fourth H C Smith Fifth R E Tempest Sixth E NV Engelmann Seventh A C Ensign from 1939 to date Bingham 8 Garfield Railroad—F O Haymond general manager IL B Tooker traffic manager Utah Copper —Accounting a n d purchasing—John M Hayes assist0 ant secretary and cashier Charles T S Parsons assistant setretary and cashier 1920 to date C F Jennings general purchasing 1 R E Clarke genagent 4 eral purchasing agent A J Maclean general purchasing agent 1925 to date J D Carter purchasing agent for Utah 1931 to date - : tei n gEamrelc to date General superintendents of all operations—First—Robert C Gemmell Mine superintendents—First John McDonald Second J D Shilling Sr also general superintendent of mines Third J D Shilling Jr Fourth Louis Buckman also general superintendent of mines Manor? of Mills—Frank G Janney from1910 until his death in 1916 General superintendent of mills— First F G Janney Jr Second ENV Engelmarin from 1938 to date deling 1928-29—Mi- ne 5- ' 1917—Improved operations 1904-190- - ' I916—First Janney flotation units installed lit Arthur concentrator facilities and additional flotation unita added at Arthur Production reaches 97900 tons of metalliecopper 192I—Depression drops production of copper metal to less than 20000 tons of Magna mill completed and flotation included 192I—Arthur and Magna mills completely converted to flotation process I925—Production reaches almost 110000 tons of metallic copper 1926—Production almost 120000 tons of metallic copper n electric haulage at Bingham electrified with 41 locomotives in service at end of 1929 I929—Production reaches 148000 tons of metallic copper 193I—Depression drops production to less than 80000 tons- of metal 1936—Change over from Janney to Fagergren flotation units completed In 'Arthur and Magna concentrators First official report of molybdenite recovery from Bingham ore following intensive research 1937—Production of molybdenum metal reaches 4912569 pounds second in the World only to the Climax mine and copper produced reachea new high of 201230 tons of the metal I939—Production of copper reached 19500 tom or 39156000 pounds of metal per month in last two months of year creating new record 1940—Largest single production of copper and second largest production of molybdenum in the world—second in gold for lode mining and sixth in silver production in the United States 3-- Engineersi-- George O Bradley mechanical and designing engineer from 1908 to 1915- H C Goodrich from railroad construction engineer to chief engineer to 1938 the time of his death E J Franklin con- - 1914—Tota1 ore treated at mills reaches 21000 tons per day 7000- 1915—Tailings enlarged pond with nine-mil- e dike started acre tailing area Tracks of both Western Pacific andcreating L A at S L iallroads moved at cost of approximately $1000000 ck s'enture-190- - Highlight History of Enterprise From Beginning to Present C venture-1- 8n Jackling 1898- - corrtrtoce have contributed their best efforts toward a common goal The compan3s roster la notable in its number of officials who have risen from the ranks men who reciprocated and reciprocate his respect and affection bestowed upon loyal intelligent hard workers Many but not all of their ' ft4 - : - LINahowiaL ' ' one-ma- - 1 10 7 - 1809-2Ta- D C Spencer Penrose and R A F Penrose John C Montgomery Daniel Guggenheim Seeley W Mudd A Chester Beatty Henry Krumb Pope Yeatmtn Samuel Untermeyer John Hays Hammond K R Babbitt Guggenheim Exploration company American Smelters Securities American Smelting & Refining company and Hayden Stone & Co Active managements—Colonel D C successively general Jackling and manager managing director sucpresident Robert C Gemmell cessively general superintendent general manager and assiztant managing director at the time of his death- - Louis S Cates successivety engineer of mines assistant general manager (following return from nine years at Ray Consolidated) and general manager from 1922 to 1930 when he became president of the Phelps D D Moffat Dodge corporation from shift boss in the Boston Consolidated ' original Arthur) mill to vice president arid general manager in 1930 J D Shilling Jr from mine foreman to superintendent in 1923 and assistant to general manager 1930 to date W S Boyd from time keeper to mine engineer to vice president executive Erie V Davcler n from to vi to work and apply himself who was endowed with pride of accomplish- -' ment lie had done so meticulously the jobs preceding his greatest task that he knew it could be accomplished and he :kept returning to the Idea and to Bingham n But it was more than a job His friends and associates who lent a financial hand in the begitining played their part as did his coworkers underofficers and employei who ' s - 1922—The late Robert C GemmelL A great measure of the answer to that question lies in the character of Colonel Jackling "Father of the Porphyries" a farmer boy who knew how i - -- 1 ' i - procession of cars disgorges burden of ore by means of rotary dump which literally turns cars upside down 1898-- 11 of s Ingtig-ator- to date—Colonel Why Venture Succeeded k - '"! ' ' ' - i qrs 0 fI ' ' ' K' ' mn) 40 0' il: A 'N -- ' 0 v ' 4 v ' ' 41 ' - :''' : 4 1 s7 A c 's - "s' ('' No iz-- - NN pi - - It s ' t 1 "4-- - I N ' - ' ? ' i 7 - '1)'''41 s- a- rows4-'- Ertirstess Chief What Enterprise Means i- - names appear in the following per-sonnel record of the great enterprise: refinery I Nt c '":nss i 1'"c P1 - ' smelter in the world) for smelting to blister copper from which the metals 1 - r - t 0 - - ''''- 04 - 4 Nos ''-- - ! --- s f"-- ' I cars of ore were moved operation recently 1150 - -- - i A v 1 ''' 74f- s '"474 ?s 1 "C'x ( 1 r e44 ' - ok t loco I - - 4 t4- s ssirsess ' - - - 11 1t f 1 i - ' tC A '44 a typical day's a NN 1r '1nsr '- i In 'o - i i 'f- A - I 4 ' " t1 ' " - 4 4 S"( ) f '' ' -- 4 4 ' c'l 's tit - 1 ‘ - I - -- 1 - 1 s "' - sew -- ' i - 4 - Sixth In silver Among world leaders In lead The mine's production for 1941 based on the author's unofficial estimates will be: Copper metal 257000 Ions Molybdenum metal 9152000 pounds Gold 215000 minces- Silver 1970000 ounces The magnitude of current daily production at Bingham can be viaualized in the following figurea on a recent single days operation: Tons of ore moved 105000 'This means 50 cars per hour or nearly one car per minute Total of material excavated and moved (ore and waste) more than 210000 tons or 8750 tons per hour or an average of more than 145 tons per minute! - r- metals la sent to the Garfield smelter of the American Smelting and Re- - - --- : the production inolybdenite o:J i a so world Second in molybdenum Second In lode gold - - i ore which was formerly lost when the concentrate was treated in the tk '' - -- -- 7 4' os T t V rst ' - i 1 r ' Train of fifty cars an route from mina to mill ' In Utah Copper mine ranks: First In copper ' N 0- - I ' ' k - - ' '' ''''': 4 s - i - tt - ' ) 1 ) - ia' : 'Ir4''"-'1C- ---- Itf' sa el 4 N I i t t is - : - - A ' ‘':4-is vis'1"0kk-'4-t-ik e - 1:s! t '''')'- - I' - "--- ' '7'T 1 6'' 3 "kl:'77t7 - ' A - ' -- t E t" — ' 1 2- ' :44: taAS‘ - 1 ' woteoONmg-SII''A"Oiir''"'"""""""' ' '''''''''''' -' i:1::111 --t l' ' ? roik '' - 6 t -- 7? ON4o Ally110 ' - 1 I r 1 $ '' ‘ r e- 't k 1 ' - ' illi 1 f i : I i 1 ' k - t x ' - i I ' 4 :f t: Totals Tell Story of Record Job ' 1 - - t i 1 p 5 are 46111091WRISOW1101110NO01101111711000 ' -- i 4 144 s ) t:' ' g: Lii 37 --- 5 ti t - o tiV N : t" 1- - -- fr ? - ' t - - 'Irli-:?:'L- 4 t s - § t IL i " - : 1 - i 1 11 : ' - - L 4 - 4 ' ':' ' - ' — i '"- - i - r 1 ' ' fi$- t Y:1°"" 4- Y grotoel:'"' ' k ' ""--r I- Flotatzon aided by a special heating process has made it possible for the Utah Copper company to recover the molybdenite from Bingham I -k 41 ) "rne ""kt vs Y414 - 1936 ! ' ' 21 Flotation Big Factor While all the improvement in recovery cannot be attributed to the flotation process—there having been untiring study of grinding the ore equipment and operating methods— due credit mist be given flotation for the fact that despite the steady lowering of copper content from 24 per cent in 1905 to less than 1 per cent today the copper contained in the tailings (waste) has steadily declined Where flotation is employed there are generally far fewer types and different kinds of equipment in a mill The chronological tabulation tells of a change in type of flotation "sells" (units) completed in eye - nr ‘ solutim the solution to the mining problem at Bingham would be the application of open cut methods because large al- 'tonnages thewere necessary and wax original financing though not sufficient to permit steam shovel operations it seems that not too satisfactory results obtained in the adjoining underground mine later not only justified his opinion but in amanner made possible the conaolidation with the Boston Consolidated which asaured the future ore reserves As of the Utah Copper company indicated by the chronological tabula- tions it was 1908 before the first steam shovel was put to work and so late as 1908 some 34 per cent of the ore waa still going to the mill from underground operations A visit to open cut Iron mines in Minnesota in 1906 furnished addi- tional justification for open cut methodo It would not be correct to say that "incidentally" the same trip resulted in the bringing to Utah of J D Shilling Sr to act as mine He was a whale of superintendent an "incident" in the history of Utah Copper from 1906 to the day of his death in 1923 not in valuable service alone but as the aubject of legend and fact the living and the dead so He enjoy and enjoyed recounting was rugged and sometimes thought to be forbidding but always fair and kind of heart He was a "fighter" and respected the same characteristic In other men So open cut it was to be at Bing- ham and today that open cut is so big as to appear small to the human ' rt7 40 ' 4‘ 1k 4 f sired material and the values may then be recovered as "sink" (not floated) material or refloated by proper addition of reagents that will cause the values to float off Going a step further different desired values may be separated and recovered by floating and "depressing" I e preventing some values from "riding the bubbles" In simple English "flotation" is based upon the mysteriously different variations in the reactions of the surfaces of fine particles of value and waste material when subjected to the properly prepared liquid and bubbles or frothing Multiple step heat treatment to pro- duce blister copper as compared with one for the low grade native copper ore in Michigan Under such circumstances it is not difficult to understand why three to four years elapsed before it was pos- Bible to finance the initial operations The telling of of such a venture that story of never ending interest is partly outlined in the Chronological table accompanying this article -- 1 November 9 19 11 nt ' 85-to- - 1904-192- ' 1907-192- ' 1922-192- - : ' t s6tomongsmprtg - - I 4z--- it S ' '''s " ''''' ( ''''' I 4 4 t '' 4 ) 4 t '' 44 4 '4444111146 - WS 1440 5 4 44 -- ' III 1I ' 44 - A' v 1'' " ' 04 ' 4 t -- - ' ' :amss 71: - - 't'''''S 41r v 10714--- Ag 4 t' ' AM "t ' - - 4' 4 114 4 14 4'' 44 - - '' i- 4 444 "r'' 'a 4'411744 44 ele: o" ' Idler":!"4414 -- - 'AA -" 4 o It 4 v ) x ' 114 v 4k°4-16 ' - 1 0 ' -- 1 ''' 1 49 4 '' :II 4 44 44 ie 4 4 Tif 44 sllkoh114041b 7 - g'''' 111 s i' 410 A ' 4 0 -- ' 1 4:!: -- 4' t - ''':'" ) ': 7 - - - ' - 41' itrootzt ' - r ' 4 ) -i e 4 1144oso - 4 - s- 0 t4 t3e AAv! 4:Iit'14 - " l'41 '44'1 "4"' : ' '4 1 ‘- 4 44 - 44 - 44444 ' f tif '' i !r ' 04' - 1 - -- L :44401010 ‘ f oft - " " 0 10411 1 - t t 11tr 4 4 4 ne'-1 : "7'"46 I ii :' ' 4 ' ''t twv tt A 40471 ''' 4' - 1 41r"4 ' 40- - 41 1 410 OS r7-- '' - --: - ' I ) 50 i44"'''' - 'o ma" - 1 - :4k --- A 4 r 1 -- : : "Amp' : 4 44''''''' 14 1 ' i : 4!s--1-01- "- I t p Vast concentrating operations at' the Arthur plants above and at Magna release the values from the waste material - and prepare the 4 metal-bearin- e -404114:164"- 1 - g 4- concentrate -- for shipment to the smelting plants - |
