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Show ehiists run FOR MIT1 Germany's Success in Ni-j trate Production to Be Explained. Four Industrial and Scientific Sci-entific Societies to Meet in Chicago. Special to The Tribune. CHICAGO, Sept. 20. Hostilities would have ended abruptly in 1915 and Germany wouid. have gone down to defeat had it not been for her success in synthetic nitrate production, according to leading chemists who are arriving here to complete com-plete plans for the filth national exposition exposi-tion of the chemical industries, which will opc-n September and continue one week. They deohue the secret of Germany's Ger-many's success in synthetic nitrate manufacture has been revealed. Immediately after Governor Frank O. Lowden has welcomed the 20,000 delegates dele-gates who are expected to attend from all parts of America and from a number num-ber of foreign countries,- the scientists will discuss war secrets secrets that gave America nrst plave in the world of chemical arts, u position long held by Germany. It is declared that Germany's sustained resistance depended directly upon her own supply 'of raw material. Her economic eco-nomic isolation, accentuated when Italy and Rumania joined the allies, was one of the remarkable features of the war. The blockade against importations produced pro-duced a revolution in technology. Nitrogenous compounds became of prime necessity for munitions miuuifac-ture. miuuifac-ture. In 1313 Germany imported three-quarters three-quarters of a million tons of sodium nitrate ni-trate from the Chilean mines. A stock of half a million tons had been accumulated, accumu-lated, but this was insufficient for the production of munitions required by Germany Ger-many on the western front in i. Blockade Rendered Ineffective. . For the past twenty years German chemists have been active in developing processes for the manufacture of nitrogenous ni-trogenous products synthetically, which render the German government independent inde-pendent of nitrate importations in event of hostilities. Great secrecy was attached at-tached to these experiments, and since iy L4 practically no information regarding regard-ing German developments has been obtainable. ob-tainable. Through Germany's success In synthetic syn-thetic nitrate production, which replaced Chilean nitrate importations, the blockade block-ade against munitions of war was rendered ren-dered ineffective. It is conservatively stated that without produces of these ; plants Germany would have ' been decisively deci-sively defeated in lyiu through, lack, of munitions. Lix tensive exhibits, lectures and especially espe-cially prepared motion pictures will feature fea-ture the exposition. The world will learn for the first time what America's chemists chem-ists accomplished in a practical way during dur-ing the war. Four great meetings of industrial and learned societies will be he id at the Ojiisuum and the First regiment armory d unng tlie week i;i connection with the exposition. They will include the Amer-; Amer-; .an Institute "of Mining and Metal-i Metal-i .jrgical Kngine-: rs, September 22 to 27 ; American Ceramic society, rieptem- I bcr 24 ; the American Electrochemical society, September to 26. and the Technical Association, .Pulp and Paper Industry, September 24 to 27. Leading Chemists to Speak. Leading chemists will outline the peacetime peace-time application to be made of trie lessons les-sons learned in applied chemistry through "he costly experience of war. Development of dyestufTs, treatment of me La is and protection of workers in industries in-dustries will be the outstanding subjects discussed by speakers and deai t with in exmbits. The exhibits will show that the hated poison gas introduced by the Germans in the world war has worked to advantage in American Industries. A study of methods to defeat the effects of ;ne gas on the battlefields and in the trenches has resulted in devices for the protection of workers in American industries indus-tries against noxious fumes. Trie world's greatest chemical exposition exposi-tion was held in Berlin before the war and marked Germany's leadership In the ci.tmic&l industry. Other expositions of a similar nature were held, but the Hr lin exposition, ad mi ttedly, led the held. At that time German chemists were regarded re-garded as wor.d leaders; there was a German monopoly on dyestufTs trade, and German chemical products and by-products held similar choice positions in world trade. America has advanced; the war, American Amer-ican enterprise and progress and other conditions have brought out the change, and, with the opening of the big exposition, exposi-tion, America will show that she occupies the pace as leader In the world or chemical arts. |