Show THE FUTURE OF MEDICINE Famous Physicians Predict the Discover of Marvelous Marvel-ous Cures a < NBW FIELD OPENED UP StRGErtY TO PLAY A MOST IMPORTANT IM-PORTANT PART XVi < Ia Application of the Principle ot the Dlplitlierla Cnrc Natnren Itomedlcs Cnre For Consumption Consump-tion Vitalizing Power of Animal Krtructh Stimulant That May I lie Uae Without Harm Copyright 1895 by S S McClure Limited New York JMarcn 21 1S95 The new woman is not likely to be alone in her novelty when the end of the century comes I seems probable that we are to have a new man as wellin fact anew a-new race This will come not through the commonplace channel of the ballot but through progress in the science of medicine In medclne is Included not only the science of healing but the science of preventing All over the world nowadays busy 1f men are at work in busy laboratories j > iuuyjnjf out new ir eniians anu perfecting per-fecting old ones Never before in the i history of ifhe world has there been such a concerted movement along pro trrtssive Hues in any profession Never before have such results been accomplished accom-plished Not even in electricity has the advance been so striking as i has been in medicine In New York city two men may be said to be at the head of this advance The senior of these is Dr George l hradY I is through Dr Shrady thtthe medical men of America speak toand hear from the medical men of the world for he is the editor of the DIedlcal Record a publication which ranks with the London Lancet as one of the highest mediums of medical in formation In exltence Dr Shrady j has long been a man of much im pomance to the public I was he who cared for General Grant during his last line s He was the only American with whom the late Dr Ttforrell Mac kenzle consulted during the final ih 1 ness of the German emperor Despite his labors as the editorinchief of one J of the leading medical journals of the I world despite his private practice and ueaiJiu Ins utiiiy and pmianinropic work in the New York hospitals he still finds time not only to comment on but to make practical tests of nearly every important new appliance upplance or method in the field of surgery to which ihe gives his special attention The junior of the two is Dr Cyrus Edson who represents medicine proper 1 as Dr Shrady represents surgery proper Dr Edson Is better known asa I as-a sanitationist than otherwise because ri be-cause of his position as commissioner of health In New York city and presi dent of the New York state board of health but his study of the whole field t of medicine has been minute and accurate ac-curate In his busy days he finds time for much besides his official duties I Sis office practice is large his contri E butions to medical and other journals r are numerous his experiments and investigations t in-vestigations are unceasing I was he who first took up seriously the develop I T nt of the new diphtheria cure In Y America his recent discovery of the means of definitely discriminating be tween the blood of human beings and the blood of animals bids fair to be one of humanitys greatest safeguards against murder and these together with many other things have made Dr Edsons position not only eminent in Xew York but almost unique in all the world of medicine a1 No two men are better qualified to I predict the fi ture of medicine as a whole than these A Wide Application of ilic Principled of the Diphtheria CUrl According to Dr Edsons Hea the new diphtheria cure is perhaps the most important Invention of the age He considers that it is the wedge which will open a vast store house of new scientific truths and he thinks that these truths will perhaps prove to be more Important than any other of those we have to learn It is my opinion said he that the grea est of the new discoveries f ivill come along the line of antitoxines Toxine means poison and antitoxine therefore means simply an antidote to poison Two European scientists discovered that the human system instead in-stead of submitting meekly to the inroads in-roads of diphtheria until a doctir comes along to brace it up and help it Sight combats the disease long and powerfully cf itself As sion as the t dipfrthenc poison sains a foothiH in tae human body the system develops a property which aHs iS the diret foe of the deadly perm In many cases this property wcull be of itself encugh to vanquish tfo < iliseis i even fhould not the doctor assist it with his medicine medi-cine These nrs tj mild cases Hut bo virulent is this particular Ioi nand n-and so stiong must Je this resistant c force that the human system can hot I gt develop a large enough rkuanfiy of i II g to overcome he severer attacks and to this is due the large proportion of I deaths from the particular disease un del dlscusrion I Is true however that no artificial remedy ever prepared is so well fitted to resist diphtheria as Is this natures own I I r This was the gist of the first important I frst c portant point which the French eden I tists laid bare They found that the i disease of diphtheria was In reality the i presence of a particular poison in the j i system and that nature had a method 1 methodi of resisting it They found that the only flaw In the whole affair was na tures Inability to develop enough of the resistant power to overcome the presence of the poison in large quan I titles The poison was the toxine qun na tures resistant power as the anti toxine They saw at once that If th < jy could find a way to develop thefinti mt tcxina artificially and then to intrQ duce it into the system in large quan I tics diphtheria would be conquered They knew tat the antltoxine could e uiij uu ucvcjujjcu uy nature iisen ana E lit nature would only bring i forth sn the presence of the toxine de mantled it They then reasoned that > If they should Introduce the toxine into 1 mails system nature would create J the antltoxine to offset i and that if she did I In man she would probably do i in other animals Prbbly c found to be true Their reasoning was tniplc and direct and it has proved t be absolutely accurate By Infect jag animate with diphtheria iu a Tnild form tbe Frenchmen nld for found that an aatitoxne was produced fwhicfr could be drawn from the animal find Intro duced Into the liuman system suffering from diphtheria thus reenforcing the fcmali supply of antltoxlne already there with sufficient new resistant pcwcr to overcome the disease en tirely They have lou id hat the horse Is I the inott available animal for this purpose and i Is probable that there are in the world today more than tvo thousand horses which are kept In a constant state of diphtheretic i I infection for the purpose of developing the fluid which kills the disease they b fir from t It i along this line of the development devel-opment of natures remedies that I believe the greatest advance in medicine medi-cine will cpme We shall slowly cast aside our poor artificial drugs t duke I d-uke Gods own cures Then we shall A Cliavo vanquished disease sha What particular diseases Dr Eddo I W Ed-do you believe will soonest 0 O 3 C done away with through antitoxine or like treatments I asked All communicable diseases will eventually be cured dn this way he answered I mean by communicable transmitted diseases all diseases which can b from one person to another other person or from Inanimate beings to human beings This classification covers a large proportion of mankinds worst enemies Some disorders such as paralysis and rheumatism heart rheumatsm disease neuralgia etc will not yield to this kind of treatment but I am i confident that science will find other ways to baffle them 0he diseases which will most read ily yield to antitoxine treatment and for which I am certain a means of developing the antitoxine may be discovered dis-covered are typhoid yellow scarlet and typhus fevers tyhus feyer cholera and per haps even pneumonia I A Cure For Consumption I win I am sure amaze you when I tell you that something after the I fashion of an antitoxine for consump tion already exists and Is being effect I ively used throughout Europe Kochs lymph Is in a sense an antitoxine I should explain that it is a tone I I also that is that while it combats the poison of tuberculosis i is itself a poison of deadly power Its introduc I I tion into any system wherein the presence pres-ence of tuberculosis did not offset i I II would be fatal In this It differs from i the diphtheria cure which should I I I not cure still could not kill 1 wish to state here that the stories of ill ef I fects resulting from the use of properly prop-erly prepared diphtheria antitoxine are without foundation In fact I seems to be the general impression impres-sion in the public mind that Kochs lymph for the cure of consumption was only a nfine days wonder that It was investigated by physicians and found wanting and that i has now I been dropped NothIng could be farther far-ther from the truth Kochs lymph Is a genuine remedy I will not do all I that Koch thought it would but twill j t-will do much In Kitnnln eases of tu i i I berculosis that is in cases where the lungs are infected by the tubercle bacillus alone Kochs lymph cures Most consumption cases however are compound and in such the lymph is not effective In Europe it has been found however that many compound cases can be reduced to simple cases through climatic treatment that is through change of aIrand that then they become amenable to the lymph Xot scores but hundreds of cures have been brought about by this method in Europe Antitoxines already exist for hydrophobia hy-drophobia and for tetanus or lock law Hydrophobia as of course everyone every-one knows is the result of infection through the bite of a rabid animal I Pasteurs great discovery was nothing more nor less than that of an anti toxine for this infection He cures his patients by inoculating them with the serum developed in the blood of animals ani-mals by hydrophobia itself Tetanus or lockjaw is one of the most extraordinary extraor-dinary diseases to which flesh is heir As many people do not know lockjaw can come only through infection with a germ which can be bred nowhere except in the earth It is peculiar too in certain localities mere are parts of the world in which it is not known at all and there are other parts in which i 5s a very common thing There are probably more cases of lockjaw lock-jaw on the extreme eastern end of Long Island than there are in any other equal area on earth and there is a portion of the New Jersey coast where the disease Is amazingly frequent fre-quent This is probably due to the use of a peculiar kind of fish fertilizer The tetanus antitoxine works absolute abso-lute cures Can you tell me Dr Edson what experiments are now being made looking look-ing toward the development of new antitoxines I asked Not with any degree of accuracy he replied Experimenters are so afraid that some rival will steal their ideas and rewards that they are very chary about giving hints of what they are at work on Investigations are however going on In hundreds of laboratories la-boratories in Europe and America I expect the announcement of four or five important discoveries vith5n the year and I believe this ratio will be kept up for many years to come So much faith have I in the future of antitoxine that I do not hesitate to state that in my opinion the hypodermic hypoder-mic syringe will be the most important instrument come of medicine in the years to Other Important Remedies I do not wIsh to slur the Importance Import-ance of other lines of medical invest gation and discover however Ranking Rank-ing not far behind the antitoxines in importance come the new synthetic I remedies Of these antlpyrine fen acaitine and a dozen others might be mentioned Science has discovered that organic substances can be decomposed decom-posed and their different elements entirely en-tirely separated from each other These synthetic remedies consist of new combinations of these separated elements For instance quinine The first of the important remedies a originally drawn wholly from the bark o the cinchona tree The supply thus obtained was small and expensive expen-sive Quinine when analyzed was found to contain twenty pans or carbonic I car-bonic acid gas twentyfour parts of hydrogen twenty parts of nitrogen I of and three twenty parts oxygen tree I parts of water These various elements ele-ments had been found in many organic I bodies but of course they were without I medicinal value until they had been I separated from all other elements and I recombined with themselves Some I iirilliant mind saw that this could be I I tone by using coal tar as the derivative j I deriva-tive and since then quinine has bej i i I I come cheap but not less effective The I I use of the bark of the cinchona has i been abandoned Had we been forced i ito I i-to depend entirely upon the natural I i I source for our supply of quinine we should have been unable t have met I I the demand The same Is true of many I other remedies Salacylllc acid once I riAKivort wholly from the willow tree can now be manufactured In unlimu ed quantities and very Inexpensively from coal tax Winter green the active principle of the wintergreen plant i now made artificially from methol alcohol I Is probable that in the course of time all the alkaloids will be obtained by similar artificial means This will greatly reduce their cost without reducing their usefulness and will toe another great advance for medicine i What other recent discoveries i would you class among those which I are likely to be of great importance in I the future I asked TIC Vitalizing low r ot Anfiaal Ex i I tracts ISo I-So discovery has been made which I Is not of importance and which is not likely in importance Brown likely to grow importnce BoY Sequard s called elixer has come to be a byword with the comic papers and Is regarded as a scientifiojoke by most laymen This is a great mistake Although BrownSequard expected and claimed more than he could carry out he still had found a new and wonderful wonder-ful thing He had discovered that animal ani-mal extracts had a vitalizing effect on I II extats human beings Thus the extracts of 1mma an animals brains or the extract of an animals spine was found tohave a stimulating effect upon the cerebrospinal cerebro-spinal system of a human being Following sjste lowing his discovery several animal extracts have dscovery developed with which I am not familiar but which I am told have accomplished beneficial results Anothff great possibility lies In th blood < X 1 The blood is made up of two lmds of corpuscles white and red TA Russian named Metschikoff several years ago discovered that < the white corpuscles were scavengers of the human system When a disease enter the Wood It is the white corpuscles r I cor-puscles whIch resst it They act In the 4rierles in a way wonderfully slmilas t that in which an army acts on the field of battle They array tem eEes against the disease germs Tclll them and carry them off The only I I > I reason why any duease can possibly be fatal Is ithat there are not enough White corpuscles to kill and carry away its germs We have not as yet discovered any < way of developing them at will ibut I think this knowledge knowl-edge Will come When it does another vast advance will have been made I as son as the germ of a disease begin to attack the rod corpuscles we can summon enough of the white corpuscles cor-puscles to divert the attack and overcome over-come i we shall have conquered the disease A Stimulant That One May Enjoy Without the Leant Harm One immensely important bit of knowledge has recently been derived from the plant world The Kola nut has long been used by the natives of the countries In which It grows as amid a-mid stimulant They have eaten it much a contain Asiatics eat the betel nut Scientific investigation has 1 proved lately that the Kola is one of the most important remedial agencies in the reach of medicine Its extract stimulates In a way that no other drug can and it Is free from the dangerous properties of other stimulants stimul-ants I does not enslave one who uses it as choral or cocaine or morphine mor-phine does I simply stimulates and creates no craving Its effect is no less than marvelous Recently during certain experiments an old man weak powerless and sick who was at first wholly unable to raise from the ground a weight of 150 pounds net only raised it with ease but carried it without discomfort dis-comfort for a mile and a half after them the-m r extract had bees administered to him As I have irMmated Dr Shrady gives more attention to surgery proper than he does to medicine proper He believes that in I the greatest future possibilities lie Wonderful Advances in Surgery of thc Brain The developments which may be expected from the surgery of the brain alone he said will be so great as practically t work a revolution In the I science of cure I expect for instance I that within ten years a large proportion o propor-tion of the cases of paralysis now considered con-sidered incurable will be brought distinctly I dis-tinctly within the realm of curable diseases I dis-eases I has already been discovered i that each muscle of the body is controlled con-trolled by certain nerve centres in the I brain The location of many of these nerve centres has been definitely determined de-termined I is known for instance that pressure on a certain part of the II brain will develop paralysis of the right leg that pressure on a certain I other part of the brain will develop paralysis of the left leg and so on throughout the body Many cases of paralysis are known to b due to such pressure and this pressure is oftenest caused by the presence of clots of blood Thus by brain surgeryby the removal of these blood clots that particular par-ticular kind of paralysis may be cured A Cure For Cancer Almost as much progress has been made in th surgery of the Intestines Organic disorders of the kidneys and Uioi are liolnr cured now with increas ing frequency by the use of the knife and we know that we are only at the threshold of this work I a convinced that cancer will be overcome by surgery sur-gery a soon as people learn the necessity ne-cessity of treating it in the early stages of its development Another Important Im-portant advance in the study of cancers can-cers and like growths is that which has taught us that the sterilized poison poi-son of erysipelas will do wonderful things toward checking the progress of the disease A case recently came to my attention in a New York hospital hos-pital The patient suffered from a tumor of the hip which could not have been removed by the knife without practically cutting him in two Sterilized Ster-ilized erysipelas poison was Injected into the affected part of his body and his life was saved in spite of what were apparently overwhelming adds The possibilities of the surgeons knife are almost beyond belief In fact We can now operate upon almost every ev-ery part of a mans body except his heart and lungs and I am not at ail certain that operations on the lungs will always be impossible In fact I am inclined to think that the knife will eventually play an important part in the treatment of consumption I do not mean to Intimate however how-ever that the only advance may be looked for along surgical lines Wen riprfiil thing have developed in the bacteriological field the microscope Is adding every day to the sum of our knowledge But greatest of all perhaps In Its future usefulness is our increasing knowledge of the laws of heredity I is coming to be true that the perpetuation perpetua-tion of certain diseases such as insanity insan-ity and consumption by the intermarriage intermar-riage of families affected by them is frowned upon When unhealthful marriages mar-riages cease then ill health will largely large-ly be done away with Organic disease dis-ease did we not perpetuate it by disregard dis-regard of the laws of heredity would eventually die out of itself and I believe be-lieve that these unhealthful marriages are becoming less frequent EDWARD MARSHALL |