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Show Hriti h Experts Clash Overtypes of T7arCrrit I - nf rhe morlcnn l.l' n lb rr.-rort rr.-rort aifh -t sl'iri riHval liittldiritf pr-. -lanim oti cnpltnl ihtna 'h ri ntcovorsv nnn rairtnc in Rnclaur' o r 'h F.:lih naval n"lir Ik nltlnen.r intnr'" I l'lantlv mlw. iho rjuosrinn of wlehr tiino rprnhlo for h- DnflWl nrO-:r,'itiiW' nrO-:r,'itiiW' Involvtn- a total o " I F 7T I Ij.ice par' nt whlrn i! to tfo for rontni"f ton ar rich' in rhHr dofnminnt Inn i wh1 tj P of .war wi.p!i arp rortilr(l to Uev 'h-Amrl'-nn Niv in tho tomsrounfl with th nthrr nation nf tte wnrrl The rllpite in KnfnnA In nr fh hum-Hon hum-Hon of uhf.ih(r It li holler to build mpl1 Phlpji urh ' a flrpdi!n!isht5 and iatle rruisrrs or smaller rraft. like RUbmartnM .anrt nhrnarlnp i-haer Thp .lash hae ai'iim''-l tn rn-tidons t-ro-portion, eo ureal. In f.nt. that I He Mlml-rallv Mlml-rallv prnjrraniinp foi I h cmi rtntlon at largp nzhtli.c Vi Has r,oru s.-t ..s.ile until a complPle nurvoy can be nCCOmUllKhad. The tnvcsilaailon la to le conduried. acrord-lnc acrord-lnc lo the Information In Washington, by the British Committee of Imperial Define. United State and Japan Going Ahead With Construction of Capital Ships Meantime the Unlfd States and .lapan .ire rolng ahead on the ibfory thai capital hlps. . tbe always have been, will continue to b) the dominating force In naval warfa-p. otn nation are eolne ahead with large bulldlnit prOCrSttimML with the result that the BrltHh foar their tleet soon will rank third anion tlie navies ot the world. It Is to retain in-lr pre-war policy ot maintaining- thp most powerful uavy afloat that the British are so keenly conrprned about thp type of veflgel that should be built. Vlrc-Admlral Sir Percy Scott, of the Bvlt-h Bvlt-h Navy, the eiiginator of modprn naval cunnerv. flrat raised Vhp cry asalnst the battleship when Ihe British Admiralty an-, an-, ounofed if prormipf of battleship construction. con-struction. He baxed hi" objections to th construction of large fighting craft on thJ record of the war. In which gubmarlnea. not I, iitlcxhlpa. predominated In the action. in the war wo kept our battlcxhlps for four vcars In port." Sir Percy argued "and the German Ipt their battleships for four veara In Ihe Kiel canal When they were taken out they had to be guardrd with wnoie i:oti:ias of destroyers and treated an If they were made of gloss -Other Powers ttiuv be building battleships. They may a1o be making a mistake In o do-In" do-In" That Ik no buslnesw of ours. But If there Is a risk that thry are mlHtakcn. the. Admiralty ought to explain very clearly what nr li has for the battleships before we build N'ice-Achniral Sir Percy Scott Holds War Proved Superiority of SubmarinesVoider Officers Firm for Major Ships tiiem. I oucht to tell us what they re for it we nu going to ouiid battleehlpi a' thp cit of cs.QfjQ.000 nooooooo ti f !l.fiO0.0f" 2J&0ft0(i present px-hanire atilece we shall hai to build nursps for I horn In he hnp of riestroyprs and wp shall hays io provide, safe hnrhoi-s. In which to kppp ih-m For If we do not Ihpy will noi hp on ihp surface very lone If thprv arr any sill. marines about" Think Submarines Instead ot Battleships Woula Have Won thr War for Germany In nrdrr to rpenforce the arsumpnts ac.lnpt Hip batileshlp Sir pprcy brouclit n li l: lit an Incident of 1013 a blunder, he call" ihlch he h.-llpvpn prpypnlPd Gprmanv from wlnrine the war Me rpcnmmpndpd n irnn a Rrltlah navy programme for the hulldliiB or vuhmarlnes and airplanes. Instead of two Kittleshlps but thp Admiralty overruled. over-ruled. In consequence,, hr added f!.rmanv built hatilrshlps. whleh were not ':sed. rather than submarines and airplanes which Gprmanv Gpr-manv hastened to construct after ihe wir hpcan ll put Gprmanv behind so r. UCh, be (tnld. that she was unable to win the war although slip eamp near to dolnc It. "You must admit." Sir Percy nal.l. "that In the war we f England were nearly forcpd to BUhniJsaJon by starvation "You must admit that Ihp Gprman battlp-shlp battlp-shlp played no part In reducing us to a si-hp of starvation. "Tou must admit that If our bat Meat, lp atiperiorlty had been double what It was thev could not have protected us from starvation. star-vation. "You must admit that the dominant -x'tn of the war was the ubm-rlne. You mnit admit that our heller before the war that ih-submarine ih-submarine was only a toy esulted In otr . omlng to the brink of losing the war." Bar.es Opposition to Capital Ships On Air Craft as Well as Submarines Sir Percy's attack on the 'npltal ship Is baaed not only on the submarine, hut u-ir n aircraft, and he defies anybody to cite a vessel ves-sel that can resist attack from the skies. His arguments have attracted much applause among British navy offlcors who approve of his condemnation of the capital ship. Tho, capital ship ought not to ba i damned merely because of submarines." John Leyland declared In approving Sir Percy's position. "There remains tho question of at tack from the air. "On investigating this matter the United States Navy has an advantage over our own. t Ms flvlng service has Hit hei-n divorced from it AmorfraUi flvlng eraft an- ag-npie of thv tleei Th v work in Clnsp cooperation and have operated tnd experimented 'o gel her Yet capital ships are hplng nnm for the t'nlteil S ali - N'im of thp most for-mloahle for-mloahle eharae.'er without anv a pprphen .ui of destruction from the air "in Ihfs country, where ulrcrnff nrp under separate control, coordinated work may oot be o easy or so effective. Nevertheless II ! Incredible that the Admiralty will propose the huildlng of capital ships If sprlous da;i-c da;i-c t fiom the air Is to be apprehended " Older Bntis.i Navy Officers Stand Firm tor the Battleship Tho stand against the battleship has attracted at-tracted Innumerable supporters high In th? f:niisli iiiival i.Tvt.e. hut the large surface craft has Its derenders. loo. In large number' In this group are SOPia Of the older na 'a.1 officers, who lake the position that tho ohstacles presented bv the submarine have 6r Ml1 ba overcome and that the battleship will i '-main dominant because of Its Intense mobility and capability of carrying heavy guns. The battleship too. they Insist, la the mainstay or the navy when It comes to de-fejieivc de-fejieivc warfare, although H is admitted th.it tin aubmarlne has many advantages when It ecmps lo offensive operations Admlrnl Sturdee of the Riitlsh Saw tn-slFts tn-slFts lhat the British mut continue the programme pro-gramme of surface craft In older to protect the trade routes. H Insists thai Ihpre iipvpt was a time during the war that the Grand Fleet was prevented from going tn sa beraue of the German submarines. He I lid 'hat If nil the nations of the w.ir'd did gway With papltaj Ships and had onlv submarines, sub-marines, tho question would get back to where It started. Submarines, he said, would find It impossible im-possible tp fight each other and. furl her. VOUld be of no account In defensive warfare. Tin- rcult would be that the merchant ves-rt-ls would be armed against tho subraurlnes. Then it would he found advisable to hap other craft to protect the merchantmen The result would he submarine destroyers. Which would lend to super-destroyers To meet the super-ib'Stroyers. 11 would be found advisable to have cruisers, which could best he combated i battleships. T B A hell, professor In tho School of Naval Architecture, at the University of Liverpool, la a stanch defender ot the battleship. bat-tleship. "Until this war." he says. "Ihe torpedo wai never a proved weapon, snips can be Dinti to resist thui by no means effective) directed w capon " ItHT Admiral Sir s Rardley-Wllmol M the MrtM-h Nnvv said that the success of the .uhmarlne In ihe late war wis due aimoet entirely to the fact tha' nothing wi ' . . n perlectp.1 tn rpslsf the lofttceln nut he rvplalnpfl 'har q mch new devlopmpn' in naval war'arp had comr it had neon ristpd by onp nipan or ano'her lie ru-Meved bp nddpil thai the mpans had heeo found 'or n-ttlne snhmarlnp attack, and that the hit tli-sblp still was dominant is a na'a jolt Expects Mans Wll Be Found To Render Submarines Ineffective That all of P.ngland is concerned over the outcome of the contmver-v Is apparent fiom editorial comments ol thp Iondan Tines and other newspapers which are de-ring de-ring columns to the discussion. "'The most important ubert now before the country Is the question of the naval construction policy of thp Admlraltv." the London Tl'iirx said rpcently "An Invincible navv Is thp yer? Ilfp of the nation Yet within a eery few years thr Rrltlsh fleet so far as capital ships are concerned. Will he third Instead of first among thp navies of the world "YS'hpn all allowance has been made- for tin fact that fhp two nations the United Statps and Japan lo whom w p shall. In 'his reaped V,leld pride of place are our friends, nnr' In all human prob.-ihllli v will remain our friends Mils Is a serious position For oyraelvea we express no opinion either nralnst or In favor of capital ships There Is no need for the Government to bp hustled Into precipitate action which mav prove to bp fn tally mistaken But therp Is evefy reason why they should without delav take stens to piobe Ihe question far more riceplv than, fo 1udge from all the ava'hible evidence, ihe- hajrp so far thought f doine Fhr 'he Ilfp of the country Is at stake 4 Kconomv In the Government Is of course onr of thp considerations. With capital ihtri costing from Tin 000.000 lo J ;o 000.000 :Sp British want tn he sure that the vessels thev hulld have some chance of stnvlng nfl tat In the event of a war The British Cme,' trienf. af'er four years of war Is extrem-ly hard pressed far monev and rigid saving Is a watchword hammered upon continually by Lloyd George and others of 'he Government In a peaches In Parliament . In sharp contrast with this policy of action ac-tion on fhe part of the British Is that of the United Statps which, with a flopf In being of "70 vessel has 11a under construction at the present time. The vessels under -on-structlon are eleven battleships six batrle Cruisers, ten second clasa cruisers, one third class cruiser, seventy destroyers fifty submarines, sub-marines, two gunboats. Tour tugs and mil I sweepers and eleven auxiliaries On top of this Secretary Fatnlela propaSSfl now fhe building of eighty -eight more vessels ves-sels of capital claas |