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Show I i m "There is, of course, the obvious comparison between William II. mjBM ; j I Mmm& BBK. H B FT Tir ft""1 B anc' Napoleon, but the former Kaiser will find little encouragement in T Mt WjBL W& JL.PfcSLAn0 gJL. w tj-,c paraJlc. The German Emperor never gained the hold upon the $rrvs popular imagination enjoyed by Napoleon and cannot hope for even How History Shows wT Wmf frwFr W one hundred day of restorcd pwcr-' That William II. Has UJIiO JLttwJN' I - I the Very Slimmest of hi , - . - - - --.-. , . k I'; Chances of Ever Re- 1 I If; gaining the Power He Hfi . ( I Once Reg artier! as jlB fi- I Absolutely Secure. K'' 1::;J ;:;:.P Jr flk j i , si! fBB I Louis XVI. and His Prison. By Clive Marshall rT"'HE history of dethroned rulers of the past j holds no hopr- for Mr William Hohenzollern. . In the past "000 years scores of kings ha o been ousted from their thrones never to return. Let the tinsel which bedecks a king he torn away and royalty quickly loses its glamor. The trappings trap-pings and power of royalty are never restored. In all history there are but one or two cases of kings regaining their thrones, but the circumstances circum-stances are so unusual that those exceptions only prove the rule According to the law of probabilities proba-bilities the former Emperor William 11 is coin-)r coin-)r pletely down and out. V This verdict of history throws n new light on the situation in Germany. We still hear some talk of restoring the dethroned Emperor. At least one party still remains loyal and hopes to restore the old dynasty. Where there is so much f unrest as in Germany at present there is always 1 ' r Charles I. in the Guard Room of the Tower of London Shortly Before ins Execution. i - . stronger than the German Emperor's Napo-j Napo-j leon received the almost hysterical loyalty r,f the French army and the French nation, ijj but for all his genius he lasted for exactly one hundred days. The chances were hopelessly hope-lessly against him from the first, nnd he died an exile at St. Helena. The German Fmperor never gained the hold upon the popular imagination enjoyed by Napoleon and cannot hoye even for a hundred days of restored power. William's Famous German Predecessor The world has forgotten the fate of the most powerful German ruler before William II , but the parallel is very interesting. Charles V., the Holy Roman Emperor of Germany. Spain, Naples, Sicily nnd the Low Countries, failed in the religious re-ligious wars and lost the confidence of his people. He was dethroned in 1057 and was obliged to take refuge in a monastery Despite all his former power and wraith, his restoration proved a hopeless hope-less task and he died almost forgotten. Still another German Emperor shared tho same fate. Frederick II., like William II., lost a war and was deserted by his allies. He fell even lower than the others and was excommunicated excommuni-cated by the Pope. He left ln throne in 121." never to return But we need not go so far hack to witness another an-other German Emperor deprived of power and wealth. Francis II. of Germany lost most of his possessions, was severely beaten by Napoleon, . - - . . . . ' n i Louis XVI. with His Family Witnessing His Deposition. 1 Scene at the Execution of Louis XVI. in the Place de la Concorde, Parish From an Old Engraving. the chance that many people will become dissatisfied dissat-isfied with conditions and look to the empire as the lesser evil. The only way to obtain the proper perspective in judging the situation ii to examine the lesson of history. And history deals a sledge hammer blow to all hopes of restoration. There is of course the obvious comparison between be-tween William II. and Napoleon, but the former Kaiser will find little encouragement in the parallel. par-allel. Napoleon returned from exile to resume his throne and in many ways his position was 1 and was finally declared a bankrupt He laid down his throne in 1806. By a singular coincidence coinci-dence Germany has witnessed the dethronement of four emperors, all with a curious similarity of title. Frederick II., William II. and Francis II. have been dethroned and stayed put, so what chance has the fourth German Emperor, William Will-iam II.? France has witnessed the exile of several emperors, em-perors, all of whom have failed to come back The case of Charles of Orleans is especially in teresting. He was captured by the British at the battle of Agincourt and taken prisoner to England. The records show that he was treated with the respect due his rank, but be was obliged to spend much of his time, nevertheless, in the Tower of London. Later he was allowed to live in a certain English country house and to hunt, but he was kept prisoner for more than twenty years. Charles has been called the father of French poetry and it was during the long period of enforced leisure in England that he gained N Ml Mnirr IVnturc Service, mill. much of his reputation. The car" is especially interesting, since it illustrates how the English may treat imprisoned royalty. King John II. of France again was captured at the battle of Poitiers and brought a nrisoner to England in 1350. The tragic end of Louis XVI. of France is, of course, familiar. Een after the first movement of thi Revolution Louis seemed .secure on his throne and was publicly acclaimed by the populace. popu-lace. After his attempt to escape from Paris he was imprisoned and suffered many indignities before be-fore being formally deposed. The point at which he was guillotined is marked today by an Egyptian Egyp-tian obelisk on th" Place dc la Concorde, which has been familiar of late in the photographs of the American troops in the Parisian parades. Three Dethroned French Emperors France has witnessed the dethronement of three emperors almost within tho memory of men now living. Charles X. of France, the last of the Bourbon kings, lost his throne in 1830. He never returned. In 1848 King Louis Philippe of France followed him. The case of Napoleon II. is still fresh in the memory of many peoplo. On his removal re-moval from the French throne he went to England Eng-land where he lived many years and finally died in exile. His wife, the Empress Josephine, returned re-turned to Paris after many years and was active in relief work during the late war. England prides herself on being able to trace a long dynasty, but her history contains several instances of dethroned rulers which also help to prove the rule. Edward II. of England, the first Prince of Wales, was defeated at Bannockburn, imprisoned and finally killed. The story of Bonnie Prince Charlie of Scotland Scot-land is, of course, familiar. Driven from Scotland Scot-land he lived a virtual exile in France, where he died The mot famous instance in English history is the case of Charles I. On losing his throne he received the treatment of an ordinary prisoner and was tried, condemned and beheaded before his palace at Whitehall. A Shining Exception The case of James II. is the most striking example ex-ample in all the history where a dethroned mon- arch has been actually restored. James lived a virtual exile abroad until the death of Cromwell and the circumstances were such that this exception excep-tion only served to prove the rule The end of Alexis II., son of Peter the Great of Russia, again shows how quickly royalty may fall from the most exhal'ed position to the low- The Former Kaiser, Not Looking for Freedom, but at the Flight of One of His Aeroplanes. est. Alexis was tried for treason and condemned He was reprieved by his father, but ne ertheles 1 died in prison in 1(180. In more recent times Austria lost Emperor Ferdinand, who was deposed in favor of hii j nephew. King Ludwig of Bavaria. Victor Emmanuel I of Sardinia was deposed in 1821 Within the past few years the crop of deposed M rulers has been especially large all over the world! Scarcely a year has passed without the news of ! some ruler, great or small, leaving his throne! never to return. Spain lost a ruler. Amodeno, in 1S73. King Milan of Serbia was dethroned in 1889. A peasant uprising hurled the ruler of Bui- 1 garia from his throne. Alexander of Battenber&l Prince of Bulgaria, wras ousted in 1886." Even here in America we have had a mmpara- i tively recent example in Dom Pedro, the last Eni-I peror of Brazil, who was dethroned after a blood-1 less revolution in 1889. il 1919 it will be recalled Abdul Hamid II., Sultan of Turkey, was forced to abdicate after I revolt The Emperor Hsuan Tung of China left! his throne in 1912 King Manuel of Portugal walB also dethroned and forced to live in England. I In 1017 Nicholas II., Czar of Russia, was! forced by a revolution to resign his throne and! was shortly afterwards executed. The list might be continued indefinitely by searching the history 1 of other lands and centuries, but tlu practically 1 unanimous record is everywhere discovered that I the deposed ruler never "comes back." I |