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Show MILLARD COUNTY CHRONICLE, DELTA. UTAH Paper Work i "it. x i f A lir; x . --tzr : 1 War-gui- lt trials of the Japanese war lords In Tokyo produced literally tons of evidence bale after bale of recorded testimony and documentary proof of the Jap war criminals' carryings-on-. Job of translating all the data will take five weeks, after which the international military tri-bunal will hand down its verdicts. WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS U. S. Registers Cold War Victory; Moscow Talks Headed for Failure; Truman, Congress in Budget Fight I By Bill Schoentgen, WNU Staff Writer (EDITOR'S NOTE : When opinions are expressed In these colnmns, thev are those of Western Newspaper Union's news analysts and not necessarily of this newspaper.) BUDGET: Unbalanced Will there be a surplus or deficit in the government's budget at the end of this fiscal year? It was a question good for a lot of political haymaking, and both President Truman and his Republi-can opponents in congress went to work with a will. Mr. Truman's forecast was that the government would be 1.5 bil-lion dollars in the red next June. In his mid-ye- budget report he blamed the Republicans' tax cut for put-ting the nation back in the hole. Stricken with horror, GOP law-makers rapped back sharply: Far from harboring a deficit, they said, the treasury will close its books next June with a surplus of be-tween five and six billion dollars. The President had juggled figures for political campaign effect, the Republicans charged bitterly. "Another of the weird distortions which are coming from the White House while its occupant is a nerv-ous candidate for com-mented Sen. Styles Bridges (Rep., N. H.) mordaciously. Mr. Truman had said that federal expenditures this year would hit 42 billion dollars, while Republicans claim that actual expenses will to-tal 38 billion. They charged, too, that the President had figured the national income 3.4 billion dollars too low for the year. Just who was right in the matter, if anyone, was impossible to say. The entire affair had many of the characteristics of the kind of tem-pest in a teapot that is a event in an election year. Actually, even if President Tru-man's estimate turns out to be the correct one, the books still will show an "adjusted surplus," despite the operating deficit. That is because congress provided that three billion of the surplus last year should be shifted to this year's accounts to help meet for-eign aid costs. PSYCHIATRY: War Cure How can the world prevent wars? Use of psychiatry would be a big help, according to Dr. John Milne Murray, professor of clinical psy-chiatry at Boston university. A psychiatrist, he said, is one who seeks the reason for the fail-ure of human relations in the indi-vidual rather than in the mass. "But," he asked, "what is war except a mass breakdown of inade-quate relations ending up in a tre-mendous burst of Take, for instance, the reactions of a child trying to adjust itself to a harsh environment. Under stress the child may revert to archaic forms of behavior and that is very similar to the impulse of destruc-tion which, on a world-wid- e scale, becomes war. Therefore, knowledge of mass hu-man reactions should be employed to abolish war. Dr. Murray con-cluded. Actually, it's all very simple. If people didn't act the way they do they wouldn't have to fight each other. The trick is to make them understand that MASARYK: Murdered? Last March 10 Jan Masaryk, for-eign minister of Czechoslovakia under the Communist regime, fell to his death from a third-stor- y win-dow in the foreign office in Prague. Since then Masaryk's friends, as well as many who never knew him but admired him because of his hopeless fight in behalf of Czecho-slovakia's national liberty, have speculated long as to whether he committed suicide or was killed by the Communists who wanted him out of the way. The official Communist version of the incident was suicide, but too many persons had too many doubts to let it rest at that. Then, suddenly, last month the doubts ware crystallized. Dr. Oskar Klinger, Masaryk's personal physi-cian, asserted that the Czech states-man did not commit suicide. He was sure of that, he said, be-cause he and Masaryk had planned to escape by plane to Great Eritain on the very day that Masaryk died. Klinger said that the security po-lice discovered Masaryk's plan to flee and came to his rooms that night to arrest or kill him. Defend-ing himself, Masaryk shot and killed possibly four men. With the remaining men closing it, Klinger's version went, Masaryk was forced closer and closer to the window. Then, the men either threw him out the window or, over-whelmed by fear, Masaryk flung himself out. In proof of his conviction, Klinger offered this evidence: Masaryk would never have com-mitted suicide because he 'was afraid of physical pain. Also, he left no note or letter a usual prac-tice in suicides. Shots were heard in the building the night he died, and four coffins were carried from the place that morning before the Czech commis-sion arrived to inspect Masaryk's body, indicating that four persons might have been killed during the night. i i COLD WAR Villian Revealed At last something had happened that could and did make people un-derstand what this Russian situa-tion was all about. It had been pretty difficult going for the world public to perceive the basic truth when it was obscured by confusing circumstances like currency reform in Berlin, control of the German Ruhr, a maze of spies at home and political annihila-tion of small European nations by Russia. What it all amounted to, as far as most people were concerned, was a mess of verbal pottage that they wouldn't trade for the comics page any day of the week. Then it happened. Mrs. Oksana Kosenkina', the Russian school teacher, jumped from a third-stor- y window in the Soviet consulate in New York to achieve the liberty she so desperately sought. Mikhail Samarin, the other Rus-sian school teacher, was wanted by the Russians but managed to retain his freedom. Refusing the Soviet de-mand that he return to Russia, he tossed this scallion for the Commu-nists into the propaganda war: "I won't return to death." And finally, in England Olympic athletes from Czechoslovakia and other Soviet satellite states were steadfastly refusing to return to their home countries afte'r their taste of a free land. It all added up to the biggest break the western nations have had yet in their propaganda battle with the East. This was simple, basic, under-standable: These people from the land of the Soviets the schoolteach-ers and athletes utterly despised the idea of returning. They simply would not do it. Thus, it was in the end a few ordinary persons who destroyed the elaborate fabrication which Moscow had constructed to represent to the world the ideal way of life that existed in the Soviet Union. One Voice of America spokesman said: "This is what we have been waiting for in our war of words. This is something that can be easily understood by people all over the world." The Communists tried frantically to cover this breach in their curtain by calling it, among other things, an underground conspiracy in the U. S. to wreck any possibility for peace between the two nations. But the villain's disguise was off now and everyone knew him. Try as they might, the Communists nev-er would be able to explain why two obscure school teachers would seek their freedom so desperately, nor why Russia was so determined to get them back. PARLEY: Failure From Moscow came crushing news for all those hoping for peace: The talks between the western de-mocracies and Russia were report-ed to be on the brink of failure. Barring a e miracle in the conferences between the U. S., England, France and Russia, the East-Wes- t stalemate would continue, along with the Soviet blockade of Berlin. It was reported that the western powers were getting ready to stay in Berlin under conditions of eco-nomic siege, planning to maintain and enlarge the air lift to supply the 2.5 million persons in their sectors. There was, however, one slim chance that utter failure could be avoided. The three western ambas-sadors were scheduled for a final talk with Premier Stalin, and it was a possibility that the negotia-tions might be rescued. But the odds against agreement stood at about five to one, officials said. If the conference ended in the anticipated failure, it was thought that the Big Four governments would try to conceal the extent of the fiasco from the public in order to avoid the even greater degenera-tion of East-We- relationships that undoubtedly would result if every-one knew just how hopeless the case was. However, if the Moscow talks did break up in futility it would not mean necessarily that all similar negotiations would be abandoned. It would mean that any further ef-fort to reopen them would be de-layed until at least next spring-possi- bly March after the election and inauguration. ?. Current Events ? Here are five questions, based on recent happenirgs in the news, which are guaranteed not to keep you awake nights. Unless, that is, you stay up late to read the paper anyway. 1. Several witnesses before the house activities committee, refusing to answer questions about Communist ac-tivities, invoked the fifth amend-ment to the Constitution. What does that amendment say? 2. President Truman said re-cently that a woman president of the U. S. "was not only a possibility, but a probability" some day. At present the Con-stitution prohibits a woman from becoming president. True or false? 3. Population of the V. S. Is 143,414,000. Name the nations that have larger populations In order of their size. 4. What outstanding war events took place three years ago on these dates: August 8, August 9, August 14? 5. Born in 1865, he was gov-ernor of Kansas from 1915 to 1919 and became a senator in 1919. Recently he retired from the senate as its senior member in point of service. Who Is he? ANSWERS 1. "No person . . . shall be com-pelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself . ." 2. False. Only presidential quali- fications required are that he be born in the U. S.. be a resident of the country for 14 years and at least 35 years old. 3. China (470 million), Union of India (389 million), U. S. S. R. (193 million). 4. August 8 Nagasaki was atom bombed: August 9 Russia declared war on Japan: Augiist 14 Japan surrendered. 5. Sen. Arthur Capper (Rep.. Kas.) BOXCARS: No Worries Despite e record produc-tion and the bumper crops forecast for this year, U. S. railroads do not expect as tight a boxcar situa-tion this autumn as has prevailed during the past several years. Southwestern grain, bulking arger than any other section, has jegun to taper off, more cars are available in the Northwest this year than last and terminals still have space for storage. Nation's Grasslands Stand For Security in Agriculture By 0AUKHAGE News Analyst and Commentator. WASHINGTON. "The grasslands, hay lands and forested range lands of the entire United States cover more than a bil-lion acres, nearly 60 per cent of the total land area. They fur-nish about half of the feed for all the livestock." That statement is quoted from the new AGRICULTURE YEAR BOOK titled "Grass," last copies of which now are being delivered to congress-men for their constituents. Purpose of this book is to contribute to the lore and practice of the American farmer so he may help to attain "permanency in agriculture." This permanency is obtainable says P. V. Cardon, in the opening 1: 1 S.x:a , chapter of this splendid 900-pa-book, by ' means of " an agriculture that is stable and se-cure for farm and farmers, consistent in prices and earn-ings; an agricul-ture that can satisfy indef-initely all our . needs of food, fibre and shelter in keeping with 8 food which formerly was import-ed. The general trends in America have been less obstructed by exter-nal influences. "Grass" Is a book for city-ma- n as well as farmer, and among the vast compilation of data resulting from experiment, record and research, there are even a few pages given to a panegyric whose poetic fervor makes up for what may be a lack of purely scientific back-ground. I can't help quoting from the ar ticle, "In Praise of Blue Grass," by John James Ingalls who was senator from Kansas from 1873 to 1891. It is reprinted from the Kan-sas magazine in which it appeared in 1872, and has been widely quoted ever since. After describing the beauties of a ride through his "primeval win-ter in Kansas," Ingalls describes BAUKHAGE w, m - "Vinftwfanninin f. Si the living standards we set: Every-body has a stake in a permanent agriculture." Grassland is, according to the many experts who have contribut-ed to this volume, the foundation of security In agriculture. Grasslands, by the sheer force of their need, have increased from an original 700 million acres to the present billion. Believers in grass expect that acreage to be in-creased, and I have no doubt that this book will help. Grass means to these stu-dents of the Gramlneae fam-ily, wheat, corn, rice, sugar-cane, sorghum, millet, barley, oats, many of the sod crops which provide forage or pas-turage and the associated leg-umes, clover, lespedezas, al-falfa and others. The trend toward grassland ag-riculture in America existed for some 10 years but was interrupted for intensive cultivation during the war. Now it is increasing again, according to Cardon who has been engaged in agricultural research since 1910. But he points out that grassland's agriculture supple-ments rather than replaces-oth- er farm production for example, livestock production, with which it is inseparably linked. "Grassland agriculture," he says, "under good management may equal or increase the produc-tion of digestible nutrients, reduce materially the labor needed to grow them and lower the cost of supplying protein necessary to nourish animals." There are many interesting and widely varying chapters, progress-ing from the general to the more specific. The editor, Alfred Steff-eru-has summarized the book as separated into four parts. The first is an examination of grass as it applies to people anywhere'with the emphasis on livestock and soils and conservation. Forage for live-stock, the use and value of pas-tures, grass and rotations, the range, as a major resource and v J ' ' 7 v A 3 , ' ! I v t S p ' - " i .11 Close up showing method of pollinating female buffalo grass flower with pollen from selected male strain. his descent into a valley where, he says, was created "the strange spectacle of June in January," peculiar to his native state. "A sudden descent into the shel-tered valley," he writes, "revealed an unexpected crescent of dazzling ver-dure, glittering like a meadow in early spring, unreal a an incantation, sur-prising as the sea to the soldiers of Zenophon as they stood upon the shore and shouted Thalatta!' It was Blue Grass, unknown in Eden, the final triumph of nature, reserved to compensate her favortie offspring in the new Paradise of Kansas for the loss of the old upon the banks of the Tigris and Euphrates." Is Truman Another Boy on Burning Deck? It may be just as well that Wash-ington has not only its proverbially-unbearabl- e weather, but that it has a political campaign as well to take its mind off more serious troubles. It started out as a rather dull campaign with the Republicans positive of victory and the Demo-crats showing an overweening will-ingness to get used to the idea ol looking for another job. But ever since Harry Tru-man's peppy speech at the Democratic convention, you fre-quently run into a Democrat who actually thinks his party has a chance in November. One loyal adherent to the party of Jackson and Jefferson approached me with a theory that Truman had a very good chance of winning on the psychological basis. "You know," he said to me, "deep down in the subconscious of every American is a deck complex." . . . the boy stood on the burning deck, Whence all hut him had fled; The flame that lit the battle's wreck. Shone round him o'er the dead. I didn't get it at first, but the explanation is simple and not il-logical. There probably never has been a more outstanding example of a one-ma- n show than Harry Truman's .performance at the Democratic convention. My friend went on: "Most Ameri-cans at one time or another have pictured themselves as rising to the occasion, alone and unsupported, taking on all comers, swinging to the right and left regardless of the odds, holding the fort or storming the redoubt or saving the child whence all but him had fled." "He went on to say: "Ameri-cans see this spunky little fight-er who wears a confident smile when most of his colleagues have faces as long as a new-loo- k skirt, and they imagine themselves in his place. "As any schoolboy who has studied psychiatry knows, there will be a transference displacing the affect from one person to another motivated by the unconscious iden-tification of the voter with the boy on the burning deck and from the boy on the burning deck to the Democratic candidate." Quien sabe? Technicians selecting male buffalo grass to secure pollen for breeding to improve strains at the buffalo grass nursery at Woodward, Okla. grass "for happier living" on the playing fields, lawns, highway shoulders and airfields. Other parts of the book are de-voted to the uses, nature and iden-tification of various grasses and finally there are detailed charts, tables, recommendations for seed-ing-s and mixtures. Scope of the topics is wide, for the subject involves not only the varying conditions of soil and climate, but also so-cial conditions affecting the ten-ure of land and the lives of the people, along with shifts In na-tional policies and political trends. There is no more striking ex-ample of how these purely external conditions affect the farmer than in England today, where a com-plete change in that country's ag-riculture was brought about dur-ing the war and continued since. The great parks, private estates, preserves and forests have been broken up under pressure to raise Dress Rehearsal for War TIGHT MILES out of Frankfurt, Germany, at the. Rhine-Mai- n airport, is a place the G.I.s call "Boom Town." It is called that be-cause a new town has sprung up overnight, with the carpenters' hammers still making as much noise as the airplane motors all because of the Berlin airlift. One thing about this airlift which most people don't realize Is that it's an air force rehears-al for future possible eventual-ities. And the top air people are quite candid about this fact. Furthermore, if the diplomats succeed in raising the Berlin block-ade, the air force does not intend to abandon its installations. Boom Town will stay right on just in case the Russians tighten up their eco-nomic grip on Berlin once again. In the briefing room at Rhine-Mai-a pair of snowshoes are tacked on the wall memento of the 54th Troop Carrier squadron based at Elmendorf field, Anchorage, Alaska. Those snowshoes are sym-bolic of the manner in which the air force has abandoned all other tasks in all other parts of the world to break the Berlin blockade. There might also be other symbols trom Albrook field, Panama, Bergstrom field, near Austin, Tex., and Bickham field. Hawaii pilots assembled from all parts of the earth, getting experience In a theater where they may have to operate with determination in the future. That is why the army, in calcu-lating the cost of the airlift, reck-ons only the cost of gasoline and supplies. The cost of pilots' time, they figure, is a good investment. Bradley's Inspection Tour BEST INDICATION that the west-ern powers don't anticipate early hostilities in Europe despite the tense state of the Moscow talks is that army chief of staff, Gen. Omar Bradley, plans an extended vaca-tion trip. General Bradley is combining va-cation with business on a tour of American outposts in the Far East. Although nobody will con-firm it, it's considered likely Brad-ley will take to Japan another invi-tio- n from President Truman to MacArthur, asking the Allied Far Eastern commander to come home and receive a hero's welcome. Mac-Arth-has indicated that if he re-turns home from Japan it will not be until after the November elec-tion. Note V. S. diplomats predict Rus-sia s next zone of intensive operations will be the Far East the area Bradley is visiting. Seek Small Town Vote DEMOCRATIC CONGRESSMEN Melvin Price of Illinois and Frank M. Karsten of Missouri got a lec-ture from President Truman on the importance of the small town vote. Calling at the White House, Price and Karsten assured the President of their support next November. Whereupon Mr. Truman gave them a homely discourse on the coming campaign. "I'm not worried about the elec-tion," he said. "We're going to win, that's sure. I know that's sure be-cause we're right and they're wrong. "I'm going to make It a back - platform cam-paign to what Taft calls all the 'whistle stops,'" the President continued. "Taft calls them whistle stops, but I call them the heart or America. When they count the whistle-sto- p votes, Taft may be in for a big surprise. I think the whistle stops will make the difference between victory and defeat." Mr. Truman also expressed con-fidence that he would carry much of the farm vote. He said that Re-publican opposition to the world wheat agreement would play into Democratic hands. "We have our biggest wheat crop in history," he said. "The Russians have their biggest bumper wheat crop in history. The farmers know that if there isn't some agreement to protect them, all the farmers will be hurt. I am going to explain this to the farmers in the campaign." Condemn Housing Frauds AN ALL-OU- CRACKDOWN on housing frauds against veterans was ordered by Atty. Gen. Tom Clark and Housing Expediter Tighe Woods at a conference of U. S. district at-torneys from 21 key cities "I want you to put these housing frauds at the top of the list when it comes to prosecutions," ordered the attorney general. Equally vigorous was Woods, who has expanded his investi-gating force from 15 to 300 men. He told the district attorneys in their closed-doo- r session thai while he would leave the legal justification up to them, he wanted to emphasize the govern-ment's moral obligation to do something about housing viola-tions. IB! Doodling on the News Uem: TreasJ der predicts a rise , m the national debts?" always can make it u7l: ' guns to our enemies 5 man calls his wil.'hu'r" viser. Says he never Z,8 without : going over it never made any she was m on them. says on page 174 0l : Almanac W .V . wrote "I Can't Sleep" J? book to make n ; even U they can't ; describes 54 methods ofJn1' slumber, none of which J '' . Didiez know if ,ou ea. onion sandwich before bedfc sandman'll getcha In t; minutes? (Who else would"- you?) AP reports that Dr c J Watson (candidate for ,," dent on the Prohibition ft ( predicts he'll be elected 24 million votes. Fevrens? What's the man been driiifc Carolyn Burke, who wrt': television show (NBC) on fc man museum paintings, some k very interesting d'ati them. Hitler, fraample, on all the German pit here at the Met opera and pv having them returned to Be:- - garten as soon as the Niej tured Manhattan isle. , ( art displayed nere at least a ings are worth half a mifc each. They were hidden in salt mines because the temps:; is always at 40 to 45, the p temp for paintings. . . . life how the American MPi them. They were trying It some excited hausfraus who: looking for a midwife lor a ;: need. As they ran past the ': frau said in German: "Deli iss hiding all kepcherd gold" G.I.s got curious and, sure ei they discovered the greatest:, of treasure in all history! Lines for a Lost Lady (Ei Weatherly) . . . Sighini, i: sighing . . . Softly the tip.-- grieves . . As sentinel shadow : soothe . . . The friiu tf leaves . . . Alone benuth lit ' starved sky ... I search iht rue . . . And all the muted mum ... Breathe poignantly tj you each repeats the other ... Ml fit the same . . . As though 1 r mourning lips . . . Careutit name . . . And so I lie end lie. Unutterably alone . . . And uk the night-wind- 's lossh bitlm my own. In radio circles last Si: heavy rain is called "perfect: er weather." ... Well, t. yano? Forty congressmen r; newspapermen! . . . Did joj c Governor Dewey and his S among the sponsors of the -: theater at Pawling, N. V.! they are. John, their very one, was seen there this tryout of a new pis! "Mary's Lamb." . . (at Tamarack lodge t? has green lights which are P to red to indicate occupied tory. . . . Radio's "Supe" Clayton Collier now la in school W year as a Sabbath Sights Yon Never See vision: The bust of Einstein west portal of Riverside there 17 years. Only . . . of a '' living notable. old Western Union "boy" whose beat is 53rd Jt ison. She carries yellowed clippings which decades ago. tree growing boldly on t", street between Madison at- Wanna feel old? WeH Temple has about 10 P'!" The Ford family wffl script on the life of the , only if M0 car magnate directs Three bu fornia are getting 1V Topeka and Santa Tt& the 4 Mu -- towns a recording by are Azusa, Cub Anaheim. . . . Theres about Hollywood matan;A The foreword says: ters in this play are ,: and so are their onl Here's a dilly: W is a horn for pedeitw back at motorists who their horns." Verbose noveUsti c; ediung w something about digests of their bod It " book, frixample. - 000 word best ser WrdS aU HooP have topped including those for ;. e and world-shakin- g editorial up your own desk. . - over at this in Co .. mare of living inated places " 0V brother of Benes, porters on to talk!" t! being forgotten qucW , happened to Stassea -- presidents were born Mississippi: Truman w Out of the Park liiiWliiil;S.:-i:li:,v;-.siSI-liiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii5! lpitsilii!: I fill i.r&iiM;-- tell In some dimly seen future time ' baseball record books might fall into dust, but there will be those who still talk of Babe Ruth. And among kids the legend of the Babe might grow into this: Every baseball be ever hit he hit for a home run. And some might smile at the exaggeration but say nothing because it will be a magnificent story. WHAT'LL YA HAVE, GENTS? How About 55 Gallons of Black Coffee? Coffee and milk, by s wide mar-gin, 'remain the favorite beverages of American drinkers who will down nearly eight billion gallons of coffee and nearly seven billion gallons of milk in 1948. The report on the national liquid intake, compiled by the family economics bureau of Northwestern National Life Insurance company, also estimates that about 2.7 bil lion gallons of beer and 1.7 billion gallons of assorted soft drinks will be consumed this year. Coffee consumption comes to 55 gallons per capita in 1948. The grand total of 7.95 billion gallons would make a circular lake one and a half miles across and 20 feet deep. It would keep a Niagara falls cataract flowing for 67 min-utes without cream or sugar. |