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Show APPLYING DISINFECTANTS Proper Use of the Substances Most Commonly Applied To Kill Disease Germs Disinfection, or tho killing ot dls-easo dls-easo germs, Is qulto commonly looked look-ed upon us n thoroughly mysterious psocess. This, of course Is becauso of the fact that wo cannot see the tiny little agents called bacteria, for whom Hit poison Is spread. Remembering that thoy are real Individuals, In-dividuals, only very, small, and that to kill them somo gas or other chemical chemi-cal muBt' bo brought in contact with their body, the process becomes quite clear. Dr. A. S. Alexander says tho following regarding tho use of disinfectants: dis-infectants: "The farmer Is commonly advised to clean up and disinfect his stable and other buildings, but seldom is ho given Bpeciflc Instruction how tho work should be done. A little plain Information on tho subject may provo timely nnd Instructive. "A thorough cleaning Is the first 'step, and It should not bo slighted. Sometimes tho owner forgets to clean down tho festoons of filtiiy cobwebs which hang from ono rafter to anoth er on the roof or celling of the stable. sta-ble. Cleaning out means removal of cobwebs, all loose feed, Utter, manure, man-ure, scaling llmo or mortar, and such llke substances. To leave some ot them, In place will prevent perfect disinfection of tho stable. If the stable sta-ble has contained harness, harness pegs, feed boxes, hay racits or wooden wood-en mnngers, these must be removed. 'Concrete o? metal fixtures may remain; re-main; These remarks apply to stables sta-bles ,and buildings that have wooden fixtures. Where a stab'e has an earth -floor, the portion of the floor which has becomo saturated with liquid ex-cre'ta ex-cre'ta and Is therefore filthy, infected Tifid dangerous, must bo dug out and removed. "By the term "disinfection" Is nieant tho absolute destruction of germs of disease, and such dlslnfec-Hon dlslnfec-Hon will at the same tlmo destroy vegetablo and animal parasites. The disinfectant selected should bo nn agent which will destroy not only bacteria themselves, but thrir ,., Spores correspond to the seeds of plants. Some Good Disinfecting Solutions: "A 1.1000 solution of blchlorld of mercury Is n strong and effective dls-Infectant dls-Infectant for ordinary purposes, n Is made by dissolving one part of b. chlorld of mercury In one thousand pnrts, by weight of water. A 1.600 solution, however, is twice as strong nnd should bo used as a second np. rlllcatlon to kill the spores. Dlchlorld of mercury solution Is colorless, ex-tremely ex-tremely poisonous, Irritating and must be carefully handled. It Is somo what unsuitable for uso on Iron or other metal fixtures on account of Its corroding effect. Other efficient dls-Infecting dls-Infecting solutions are made as fol-lows: fol-lows: Formaldehyde solution, six ounces of formalin to one gallon ot water; sulphate of copper, four oun- ces to tho gallon; a nvo per cent solution so-lution of standard carbolic acid, lysol or commercial coal tar, disinfectant. Theso solutions nro best used hot and should bo applied by means of a spraying apparatus, so thai every portion of the Inside of the stall, stable or building is thoroughly saturated. sat-urated. This means that the disinfecting disin-fecting solution should penetrate in every crack, cranny and crevice. Also Al-so use tho disinfecting solution, to scrub out all feed boxes, feed racks, mangers and water troughs. "Old whitewash is useless. Lime wash, to prove effective, must bo freshly prepared and used Immediately. Immediate-ly. Such lime wash has some disinfecting disin-fecting properties, but should never be trusted to destroy germs and spores of virulent disease, though It Is a good thing to use after another strong disinfectant has been thoroughly thor-oughly employed. To mako lime wash slake quick .lime wltn water, added at the rate of ono and one half pints to each quart of lime; or, by weight, sixty parts of water to one nundred parts of lime. This makes llmo hydrate. It dry powder. For use as lime wash one quart of this powder is mixed 'with one gallon gal-lon of hot water at time of use. This freshly prepared wash Is best used at once, 'but will keep for two' or threo days, If tightly sealed against entranco ot air. Lime wash should be applied by means ot a spray pump and nozzle and for such use must be first strained through a fine mesh wire cloth to remove particles that might clog the nozzle. Where disease dis-ease has been present it Is common to make ordinary lime wash more effective as a disinfectant by the addition ot one pound of chlorld of lime to 'each three gallons of lime Rather Than Bury "It is a mistake to believe that tho burning ot small quantities of sulphur sul-phur In a stable will kill germs. Tho commercial sulphur candle produces suffocating gas, but Is qulto Ineffective Ineffec-tive for,, the destruction of disease germs. Sulphur fumes aro most useful use-ful for tho destruction ot animal parasites, such ns lice, fleas or ticks. To get the desired effect of tho gas, the stable must bo shut up perfectly tight, nnd before the gas Is generated generat-ed everything within tho stablo should bo mado wet with steam. When used as a disinfectant and for tbo destruction of parasites, It will bo necessary to burn flvo pounds ot sulphur for each one thousand cubic cu-bic feet of air space In the stablo and tho stable should be kept tightly tight-ly closed for af. least twenty-four hours. As a sanitary measure In connection con-nection with a perfect disinfection ot premises animals which have died from the disease prevalent should be absolutely destroyed by fire. Burial Is not a safe disposal. "Virulent diseases of animals are commonly spread from tho shallow graves or from carcasses thrown Into rivers." Sulphur Is worthless as a disinfectant disinfec-tant unless burned in very largo quantities. Formaldehyde gas penetrates into every crevice and Is the best all nround disinfectant for buildings. |