Show 1 0 1 tiO HOW THE GREAT STEAM E ROUTE ACROSS AFRICA I rTh I lie iTT C ape 1 0 C airo iro JL R Railroad at l o T I IS SE BEING I CONSTRUCTED N B i r rIi ri j J I f r rr i J 4 p i g gH i H I L ii iiI I I Ig Ii it itI I g L 9 J 4 1 4 u s sA A SOLDIER GUARDS GUilDS THE IRE MAIL Photographed tot fur Ilif News XI Nr by ti b Ira ak n i Carpenter 1 1 1 Special Correspondence na of tf the thc erf tc t by y Frank Frail G Carpenter C r M v Frank Q O Carpen Carpenter ter tu I 1 am In the Boudan at st ati t tt H i t tIe lie h und Od of or tha th northern ton of ur o the Car C to Cairo Curo railroad This ThI part rt of the e route Ii t 1 no flow completed from f the Ih sea eA t In whir where Oi th thai Blue mIM ai and sn White to 10 t form thu th j mighty which wh h has hj built up tho the l tend Ian of or o Egypt Int I 1 have gone one on the th railroad through the th rich Klo of the I 1 tower oer J t valley 11 and nd am em now In the tho upper apper FI MB of ot at the tu Ia Uan t I alfaya alQ which lie Ite Uce a just JUM OPI op opt t Khartum My M distance from tram the th theM M en can Is II t equal to a j the tb lb Atlantic ocean to the bur br Colorado end and ud I am om Just JU I r F M J of Alexandria as r Ow Nw 01 ti H the th booming city ellY of 1 to t I o th lh of C l Winnipeg From ture hr 1 I can e get It e team en 11 which will wAft take me e up UL Lt Si hi himon I r more mon than a thousand tou and nit mil and Mora ar A s something like Uke Mitt bOO O mil milot ot t l Ie waterways between that thai th Pd th Ih t olaer or nd n ot o the road I boon constructed from train Cape Cs fori hAard to far fair beyond l the river UT FROM FROK CAIRO C IRO TO THE THEIN In 1 Ii of th the Cape to Cairo route conder It I u em a s continuous T N En My m or of 01 one Iron Iroll track t M north u sad and Del lOath soth through Aft nom flom OBe end to The tile other othor This Thu It iw be We eMit 11 go 0 by steam 0 tu to th the Cape Cap but bUI almost Mia of the way will be b M over OHr laI river ver and nd Jake J This ThI was waa the theof Mil Of g Cecil and an l It Is Ii the k idea l of ot every vr practical engineer r who ho t the tM country and j Its tta traffic raffle The Th Theiu M will b be one cue from Cupe Town us as tar fur furr r a fAke ike ke Tanganyika and an all another another other lly continuous rail 11 i y 11 tem tam from froni h ix IC t Al U 1 1 1 The Th rat of thu ut t L t n I i f r rail i 1 a 11 ancI and ncI water T Id iiii hit ht Nil Ni ii KI 1 Zi 1 may m he i a t I i h i mi ti u I Ibi i iby by bi Iron Iran hut f n n II iM t I Iso i iso so BO at loan tin th tJ j 1 iv HU HUer er ra H tI as fur for ii us H III ih tl 1101 n i 1 r H I di n r t S SAt i I i flU At thit ill Ui j j jr r 1 f l I a i u Utile tile and nI 11 then Ih II h Ml N I n be beu I u eil nn fn i l t r v i all ak k sn n i i jUth uth tm hop H l i v t taD and I n I e C than 2 oo O ni o i I H It I I r I which h lie lIes Uel n Th the long Ions lon r n I 1 I cc a I of or a 11 t v I j miles m a long loll anti and then tbt id th fl i i of if r tho It road J O Ott going almost almot straight south louth to Cape Caps CapeTown CapeT Town T rj w n So tto o tar far more mor miles of iron IronI I Inn tm In k haw have ha been b n tall laid on the northern anil inI re In end of 01 the system The i southern 1 Is Ii now about out 2000 miles long Ion Jt It t has hall be been bren n extended from fromar Rr ar Town northward a II of oft IGO mil above th the t l t I I river and a there thoe remain 4 J Iks 1 to 10 construct 1 Ifor th trolla trio can call con ron I nert with the little now flow on onI I lek Iak Tanganyika will willI I 1 Ii b 1 In the th Ih nar fu ru tuie us ne th Ih late Idl Mr one une of Of Cecil ecIl rh 11 i t I n o in his hl will at lit 1 I kat a f for tr that purpose I Iha have haf ha before me Inc a iI l grun recently rec nUy Is la lud by the th in World orld which i I h o the Ih lino 1111 of oC tl ti route mut and anol the ox cx x xI I tent of or water alo un I rail mil It will contain I when hen A o to lo this 1111 the tile Vital t will tu hi b about W II t miles mIlu of ur which about 4 win II b tc rall way and th Ih the tt Uk up UI by hy the I rivers river and 5 to lo I 1 r reo re I 1 furred I UP TIlE THE NILE ILE BY BT RAILWAY I should like to talc take you with me over oV r this great ru section of ot th the Capo to t Cairo railway We Vo shall need four tour lays days to g go from the Mediterranean susan to the th Jun lion Ion of f the White and Nile Nilea where whre I now am Oln but the trip will he tit comfortable and there I are re treat great sights all the tho way wey We Ve start at t Alexandria A 1 ria the tilt ch chit f seaport rt of the Nile valley alley and anil In three houn our express train carries u uc aros ro rOlA through the delta dIta to Cairo Both Doth Alexandria I I and Cairo hav hay ha good If railroad I The first city contains contain more than 00 people und nd 1111 1 t I L mure n re than so Mo there Ur In is I a fI I lI and aDd I frequent between ti thorn m I We se take tin th tl cx r s M as we go 0 j I first cIus w ray lay ay c e nt fit rita a amile mile The Th Fh a Tare lar Is I only half hlf us es mIll h ns RI a the th lh nat fist and t f third N till still livery Every train nan has first t tJ J third I n cars Those I i u I I m mI I i i 1 I i t 1 ti lv I fiur I i T I i n II 1 I T i i l f r 1 inn r ri rI i 11 I the thc ce I H i n ii 1 L n ii i t I commercial i ni i 1 I native Th Tb t I i l I cheaply chesy gotten otten U k nl I fl t i wood benches th tb I I with the common ka K t I Ir signers r doom travel v u w 1 J ticket are little blue cart car I price printed upon them In Engi Ena an to Arabic Able Wo W V have to bow ow theIL the t i tb lb guard aU aa as W enter the be and aud audI I 1 I More TK Th Thea Thousand Mile of oE o Track T Lid The Extensions Soon to lo Reach R Lik Waterways Available Travel on OD the thc Northern End of oE tho the I T The rh e Railroad of the Nile NiI and That Which Kitchener Built Through h the de Nubian Desert Dr ean Engines En intS and anti American Am ca Bridges Queer Features of o Railway Con oa in i E Eyt and UtI the Soudan I f lI a v ni et I i t I sc niTi An ln unlit thay th JIM Jw III tut i r up it t 1 IC I Ot al at the u Mp pet t tu u v c i lout iu Ut v c i v e with f fth h our owr bag If f fr r Hk th t ti rUL A Aw wi w arc arr ar In I n iMi oh trunks Only fifty five ft t in ran an he h hed In 1 nn try ry 11 trunk trunks often otten oe Onit t ti i ie I n f than IhAn mv tn m far We noU notice t ii 11 I I h r lIen rr r f j the 1 he niost mn t of r their Iii in I im iii d 1 11 which they nr lUll are It ei to I Into Int the ChI can With t 1 II h n i Mimy t 1 fl n fly n stogie single passenger Ie is oar f or or five nv vall p I holding hold I I III i ui U II I n IL entaIl steamer trunk iI i tF i are half filled i j IKI u luggage I Cl Every Evry ir 11 h hip ic R a guard l or porter pori who help b ipg OM ff IT ll on no and anI there ther are a always 1110 IM 11 t the depot ready to lo tonJ oj nJ C stuff for fr flee five ft cents per place piece ps HOW JIW TilE THE MAltA ARE Mos MOK o of the g trains train have hate R a arol rol cir car I next tn t n thc t t engine en line an M i t h ik k of or thet Ih 1 and nd also alao lao ears can for tor fora a inn Our train carries carrle one OM In oId etc are two U o ho with S t groom to to tike cars care ot 01 o them TNy 1 f y rr belong belon to some ome rIi l I tr 0 nf of Cairo Cairn and its are going south i v s f C tr prea postal cars carl are arc carefully watched I lh Ilie Kan ij 1 mall mali aro are carried to them thet themi theton I n on i n r J trucks truck tru kl made maie ma for the pu puI I T Te e trucks truck are ate pushed by br the tho lb Arabs and mall U is handle hand I by them but a soldier with Ith rifle sad and along alon with the mall mail and an watches the bass ba taken In tn and out When hen a truck I Is loaded the tho t goes 11 with It to 0 the postoffice p wagons There la is I a 0 guard lard on Wb Nile Nih men a as al carry carr matt mall sad and d the 11 1 tern tent are never left without MH some e armed official to watch atch over them GOVERNMENT WHICH PAY Before we go on with our out trip let lat me tell teU you how bow tire the tI railroads aro at man managed mana aged a Both th tro th theM of and too tho I Soudan are the government and anti andI I both systems pay pa Those ThOM of egypt pt ac according cording to lur tat last now n earning minI about bout e 4 per pr cent ceat on theft thelt i capital stock and their working ex x pence r are ar only tl about 90 eo 0 per cent or ot orthe otthA 1 la Is the thA gross rIo receipts The business rapidly Increasing They Thoy Th will curry cerr more rl this thle year than la ta laut and end moro mUr than tons more freight Egypt now has hao something like I 1 iJO miles flues of railroads which belong balo to the thoe government nt and In addition G O er 00 OO miles mil of f agricultural roads road man managed manby aged by hi parties The Tb earnings of the latter are ae Increasing and they carry earry more freight and from year y r to year ear earb b n alts are managed by b Man officials The sup UP superintendents of or departments who re receive 1 RD upward l a year ea each h hare are mainly and th the ln po t and who get from pa 80 to UM to a month are In the tho UI main loner foreigners Under the men mn are tin th native guard track and me ma mechanic of various kinds who receive loss less wages They are sr almost all E there being b something like uk of 01 them to abnit European Europeans A As to the Soudan 11 made th thy they y go Ira through a thinly populated country hut the receipts are ate considerably more than their working wo expenses and Md they are rapidly Increasing Jn In 18 they the I I were double what they were we in the chief Increase IDe being belne from th the fourth class c passengers who are na no native tive tivee SCENES ON TRE THE CAPE TO CAlM CAIRO ROAD This Thill division of ot the tho u Capo to Cairo road cna of Jf the richest on earth I man an the delta dellla of which Is la more thickly POP populated than any other part of o the tho tie The land landU U ii as a black an as II your hat ht and It raises raise raa two or three rope crops cro a a year It U is worth from to 1000 an acre aero and fur fIshes a heavy traffic of ot cotton and 1111 The from Alexandria iu 0 oto ilo Is II ll mile mil and all aU the way war waris wayt is t I through luxuriant tarns farms There la Is lai s i Ii 1 11 1 t In tn sight until you reach Cairo t t II Is Ii I up at eron v depot there theren n I bont bORt load of at It on O the he canals canal u i it ti 1 the he t track era crosses as and at tb tbs I i r me cars c of ot cotton cottOs bales bal fill nil th the Ule MI tracks The freight of ot this region ue Ic would probably pay pa the th expenses r the 1141 road end and In addition there la III lai it i tj big bla r travel from rrt Cairo to and aft 04 from all aU parts of at o the dalta teiLa I The next nut division above a Cairo e gs a C H w i 10 to which I ii 1 I or Me mito Ilee 11 further north Then TIt comes the road from tc to ending n lne up with the tha Ih line tin from Luxor LuTOt to All Alt of or these th the divisions are through th tile the narrow marrow valley of the Ue Nil HIM with tho iho Or d desert rt In sight eight all alI the UN way For Far 1000 mIles mile above boe Cairo the celebrated Nile Nil strip varies arl in width from nothing In to t About nine miles In Inmany many It I Is le Ie less s than three miles wide The nyu winds this way nod ad that t at but the railroad is I comparatively lY straight and anti It II Is 18 often far fr oft off from free the river amid the sand rand and Such Suh parts pan of or the strip are a unborn At AI times the th sands eandi are aro blind bUild log Ing the tha dust dut fills tills the cars car and our eyes oyes JO mart Thee Thet discomfort are aro u Boma om what obviated In the first claw class ola oars cars C 11 All MI at t them have shutters and nd double windows to k kOt ou out the t h duet dutt du anti the tha inner window ran pane are of N giasi to lM n the Ih glare With the tha Miu shutters tiers up It It Is almost dark In th tit tha oars and when down don both windows 1 the UtI Interior the of twi light When the white glees la Ia s alon Is I d the mys my are re blinding and Md the sun un com cornea s through with such strength that It Is III not safe e to have It U the book beak of or ones nock neck as lIS he be In the tho train NUBIA BY n nI RAIL RAILI I found the conditions oven even worse worM In Ute the Nubian Nubia desert which I r crossed oi 01 o the tha railroad from Wady Vady Haifa to Ber ber her That region Is J about the bleakest i and dreariest on earth It l I It all s sand nd I and aDd rook rocks with here hero and there a low I thirsty mountain The Nubians them thorn themselves selves a call It the tho stone belly bellr and the thi name Is well welt chosen The ears cars must be b kept closed to keep out the dust aust Th The y have double windows and shutters and In addition wooden wood hoods hooch over the windows In order that the tha direct rays ray of ot the lun sun may not shine In The T cars c have double doubt roofs roof r OtI nod find tha the doers have of or smoked glass class laas There Is Isco i isito co ito much dust dUlt that It cornea comes In when everything is shut sh u t and the Ute porter portor brushes out the cars can every hour The scenery II Is dreary The TM only wa WR water Walet let ter Is III that pumped pump d from artesian artellan wells and the tone stone stations illatIons have no gre green n whatever about them The stations station have Me not even a name They are aro known by numbers and their only In Inhabitants Inhabitants habitants are the railroad employee This Is the condition all an the way from Wady Haifa Halto to Abu Hamid which Is a Q aport aport port Ort on the Nile Kilo some distance above the fourth cataract TUB SOUDAN RAILWAY This road r d is III a part of ot the BoldeR Houdan military railway which extends from Wd Wady Haifa to Th The line Una all eli told Is l miles long lon and It has hall a gigs gag of only 4 Inches It X Is II tha th road which was built by Kitchener during tha the war wr with the tho It was wu constructed Ml d In inless ten less than 18 months by the English h engineers s and thc tho soldiers antI and Is te one ona of the most mot remarkable examples of ot railroad building on record A large part of it Jt was fa laid at the he rate of one ana and miles per pst day and at atone atana atone one ana time more than three miles were vero laid In one ole dRY day The track was con eon constructed during the hottest time of the thi year ear and the work was so well done that trains carrying tons and drawn by engines weighing without their tender 0 tons ton I could travel sate safe safely satel ly Iy l over It at the rate rata of ot 26 25 6 miles per hour It was wall built through a waterless desert which had never been mapped until tho surveyors went wont over It and the survey camp was u kept about six Ix miles in advance of the tha rail head dur during durIng durIng ing Us its construction There was wu always danger dancer of or attack by the Dervishes and the tM road was built through a 11 hostile country Today the tho cars care move as all smoothly over tracks a all as they do over 0 those thON of ot Egypt and they thy give that country regular connection with tho the Soudan There Thre Is III now a train de do luxo connecting Khartoum with Ith Wady ady Hal Halfa Halfa fa ra and this hili t has both sleeping and din d In lug log III cars can SOUDAN AND The sl sleepers p rj are divided up Into compartments compartment tOI about seven leven feet square aquaro with two berths to each compartment Om There The Is I an all aisle from which the tho com corn compartments are entered enl red running along alone the side nf ot the |