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Show ACCOUNTS or OCCUPATION DIFFERW1DELY Aguinaldo's Part in Capture of Manila Is Disputed by Dewey. AMERICAN FORCES TOOK CITY UNAIDED Disgruntled Native Leader Set Up Government on Nearby Island. XXIX. Coming of tnc Americana. BY F&EDE&IC J. HASKIN. The story of how the Americans came to the Philippines is one that always wtll be Involved In controversy, and It Is yet too soon to attempt to sift out the opinion opin-ion and the bias from the tale as it is told. The main facts, of course, are apparent, ap-parent, but the Interpretation put on them by Americans and KUipino dlffeis materially aud Americans are by no means united in their opinions. A day or two after war was declared between Spain and the L'nited Stalea, on April H, less, to be exact. Commodore bewev, in command of the American squadron, received a dlttpat h rrom K. spen-er Pratt, l'nited States consul general gen-eral at Singapore, as follows: "Atfuinakio, insurgent- leader, here. Will come to Ilongaung, arrange with commodore for general co-operaiion Insurgents In-surgents Manila If desired. Telegraph. On tha same day Commodore Dewey telegraphed in reply: "Tell Aguinaldo coma as soon a possible.'" The necessity neces-sity for haste was due to the fact that the squadron Mad been ordered by the British authorities under the neutrality laws to leave IJongkung by the loliowing day. Aguinaldo did not leave Singapore until the SKfc, and consequently reached Hongkong after Dewey bad left- As early as March 1. two weeks after the Maine was blown up, and nearly two months before war was declared. Consul General Williams at Manila had telegraphed tele-graphed to Commodore lewey that there were ivu Filipino rebels camped near the city who would be loyal to the Americans In case ot war with bpain. Commodore De wey and his squadron sailed Into Maulia bay on that memorable day or May 1 and immediately engaged the Spanish fleet. The battle of a few hours destroed the Spanish forces, but not an American was killed. There were t wo bombard ments. One took place In the morning. Then occurred a remarkable remark-able Incident in warfare. The American squadron drew off to the further end of foreseen the insurrection and neither he nor any of his officers, having no knowledge knowl-edge of the Malay character, could be expected to see the designs that lurkeii beneath their honeyed politeness and sycophantic manners." In other word, they could not suspect that the Filipinos fighting against Spanish dominion would do otherwise than submit to American claims. Many other Americans hold that Dewey was Justified in what he did. because the American people had gone to war with Spain for the avowed purpose of assisting assist-ing the Cubans to their Independence and professedly without any desire for territorial ter-ritorial sggradtsement or colonist expansion. expan-sion. They also deny that Aguinaldo's aspiration for Filipino Independence may be correctly described ss evil designs, any more than Dewey's designs were evil. Over a year later, after Aguinaldo had set up his revolutionary republic, he wrote a letter to the Springfield Republican, Repub-lican, In which he claimed that Admiral Pew ey had promised him thst the Philippine islands would be free and Independent. In-dependent. This wras flatly denied by Dewey in the following statement to the Schurmann commission : "The statement of Emllto Aguinaldo. under the date of September 23. published pub-lished In the Springfield Republican, so far as It relates to a reported conversation conversa-tion with me or actions of mine, is a tissue of falsehoods. I never, directly or Indirectly, promised the Filipinos independence. in-dependence. I never received Aguinaldo with military honors or recognised or saluted sa-luted the so called Filipino flag I never considered htm as an ally, although I did make use of him and the natives in my operations against the Spaniards." Native Attack Spaniards. Shortly after Atrulnaldo had been turned loose the Filipinos began to attack at-tack the Spaniards. It must be remembered remem-bered that although the battle of Manila bay wss fought on May 1. the actual occupation oc-cupation of Manila by American soldiers did not take place until August IS. It was during this Interval and white American troops were coming over, that the reprisals on the Spaniards were committed. The hostile forces of the Filipinos' grew daily end their number wss grestly augmented by the native militia, who had previously been given arms by the Spaniards to fight the Americans. Great Filipino success followed, fol-lowed, many Spaniards were taken prisoners, pris-oners, and. while the Spanish troops re-mslned re-mslned quietly in Manila, the Filipino forces made themselves masters of the entire Island except Manila. About this time Aguinaldo Issued a proclamation in wtiich he waa bold enough to promise the Filipinos a national Independence, claiming claim-ing to speak in behalf of the American government. He also declared himself dictator and appointed a cabinet. The landing of the American troops at Par&nsque on July 15 Incensed Aguinaldo to such a degree that he would have attacked the Americans at that time but for his lack of arms and ammunition. According to the Schurmann report of l0o, he finally decided to await the fait of Manila, enter the city with the American Ameri-can troops, secure th arms of the Spsn-lsh Spsn-lsh soldiers. If possible, and then turn upon the Americans. Meanwhile he sent to the neighboring towns orders for a passive resists nee snd for the placing or as msny obstacles as possible In the way of the American troops. No Co Operation Shown. The second expedition went Into camp, the front toward Manila and about 100 yards from the coast near the place of landing. The camp was called Camp Dewev. At rhls time the Filipinos were maintalnlns lines live miles south of Manila and three mites north. The American troops Immediately put out line of outposts extending from the coast around the camp and eastward to Paay and bevond. This move was In command of Brigadl1 QneraJ Anderson Ander-son When General Merritt arrived the Filipino insurgents were notified that an attack upon the Spaniards In Manila was contemplated and that they were expected ex-pected to retire In order that our front rould be extended This they did with a great desl of reluctance and army officers offi-cers ssv that It Is not true, ss has been ssserted. that there was any co-operation between the two forces sgalnst the Spaniards. to list happened thereafter, there is no agreement The American army offlrem asserted thai the Filipinos had nothing whatever to do with the capture and occupation of Manila on August IS. saving that the Filipinos merely followed them Into the city "for the purpose of looting, i purpose In wilii thev were thwarted bv the Americans." The Filipinos Fili-pinos assert that they entered the city as allies. They have heen known to charge lootlnc egsint Americans slso-At slso-At anv rate. guinsWo demanded, the right to mcupv tlw city, m l t latmd the governor general' pale-- "?itsjl over certain section f the titj. a patt of the roone that had been taken from the Spaniards, and. above all. the arms of the Spanish prisoners. All these demands de-mands wre refused by General Merritt. Aguinaldo then went to Ms lotos, twenty -five miles from Manila, snd set up a govsmment of his own. He had s cabinet and a congress, and for several weeks attempts wf r msde to bring slxm. a peaceful settlement. The A ms Tirana Ti-rana have charged that AgulnaMn promised prom-ised to write to President MKin1ey thst he was wlllinsr for the Americans to re-main re-main In Manila, but the course of events proved that he wanted to establish an Independent republic. From the beginning there was "had blood" between the American and Filipino Fili-pino eoldlera. Ths American officers were not supported by any daftnlte policy pol-icy at Washington and. ss things wars permitted to drift. It was Inevitable that thev should have drifted tnward open hostilities. Tomorrow ; THE PHILIPPINES. I XXX Aguinaldo Insurrection, the bay and oeaseU tiring lu ume iur breakfast After a good feed our sailors returned to the fray with such good effect ef-fect that the Spanish squadron strewed the beach of Cavlte and hundreds ot officers of-ficers snd man were killed and wounded. After "cease firing" had been sounded, the victorious Dewey said to his ofHcers, "Gentlemen, a higher power than we won this battle today.' Commodore Dewey found that there was no organised insurrection in-surrection of the Filipinos against Spain at that time, so he thought It safe to bring Aguinaldo over. He sent a dispatch dis-patch boat to Hongkong to get Aguinaldo. Aguinal-do. He arrived with thirteen of his staff on May IS and immediately boarded the flagship Olynipla to call on the com-mamler com-mamler In chief, after which he was allowed al-lowed to land at Cavlte and organise an army. This wss done in order to (strengthen American interests ashore and 1 to weaken the enemy. Storm About Dewey s Head. Admiral Dewey has been seyerelv ren sured bv some persons for this art. snd others who sought It) ewape I conse-uurrx conse-uurrx es ray that "he coukl not |