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Show mm' News fix :BEHINL Released by Western Newspaper Union. , DUMBARTON POSTWAR FORMULA WINS SUPPORT WASHINGTON. Sparse and softly soft-ly agreeable comment in congress on the postwar world formula of Dumbarton Oaks does not mean the project is being taken lightly. It is being subjected to severe study here as elsewhere. Yet there Is every present prospect that the unfinished proposal will be approved not only by a majority but a safe two-thirds of the senate on the following fol-lowing grounds: The formula is based on the League of Nations theory of running run-ning the world. Some technical changes do not alter the basic theme that a world council will investigate aggressors and Impose Im-pose sanctions (economio and social as well as military) to deter the pugnacious. The language has the same ring as the league covenant which directed di-rected its council to "take action deemed wise and effectual to safeguard safe-guard the peace of nations," and in article X says: "The members of the league undertake to respect and preserve against external aggression the territorial ter-ritorial integrity and existing political poli-tical independence of all members of the league. . . . The assembly may from time to time advise . . . the consideration of international internation-al conditions whose continuance might endanger the peace of the . world." This proposal is the league plus the Kellogg-Briand pact renouncing renounc-ing war, the world court of justice and the disarmament conference with really only one critical difference. differ-ence. This time the United States is to undertake leadership of the all-rolled-into-one world program along with Russia and Britain particularly. particu-larly. This leadership is to replace Anglo-French leadership of the old league in which Russia was a trivial influence. The cast changes but the ideal of the play is not altered materially and the script only pointed up. U. S. Influence Needed. This theory of peace has become popular because of a prevailing notion that the reason the league failed was because the United States did not join its influence. Canvassing the opinions of congressional con-gressional parties and factions, I judge an overwhelming official bipartisan bi-partisan sentiment exists behind this endeavor. There will not be much serious arguing about it unless un-less a completed text infringes upon national rights or raises a question of our interests. It is not my purpose to take a position on the matter, only to report how it proposes to work. The incomplete agreement agree-ment is like the charter of a club, a world club pledged to peace. This club is to be controlled con-trolled largely by an executive committee, called "The Security council." The composition of the committee does not suggest that any one, either the U. S. or Russia, will wield greater great-er Influence. Five permanent members mem-bers are to be the big five United Nations, but in the voting six more rotating members from smaller nations na-tions will furnish the numerical majority ma-jority on whichever side they go. The all-important details of the voting have not been agreed upon whether unanimity is necessary for action) but as the agreement now stands, the complexion of the council will depend on the hue of the smaller nations chosen for the one, two and three-year terms. This council cannot itself wage war, but can call upon the United Nations to wage practically prac-tically anything from social isolation iso-lation of a nation to invasion. (Cost of these wars or actions are apparently to be borne by the nations furnishing the armies or taking the steps.) The council is to be always ready for action, although no provisions for housing it are mentioned. I would think it would be established in Washington for this reason: The league was largely- a European Euro-pean device. This is to be a world device. To choose some small neutral place such as Switzerland, or to use the old league buildings there, would subject it to the old unsatisfactory surroundings in which it was unsuccessful. Washington is the natural background for its new tone and intent. Nothing in the text, however, designates des-ignates Washington as the headquarters headquar-ters for the new League of Nations after this war. There is to Be a military staff committee, made up of the chiefs of staff of the United Nations, permanently perma-nently advising the security council as to - how to meet aggressors. In effect, this international military staff would conduct the future wars, or blockades or military actions against non-cooperative powers. Disarmament, diplomatic, economic eco-nomic and other committees unquestionably un-questionably would be required to maintain sufficient permanent offices of-fices to advise the security council about what actions should be recommended recom-mended to the nations. |
