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Show WHAT CAUSES SEEPED LAND Some Waste of Water Will Occur Under Un-der Best of Management, Making ..,., Drainage Essential. (By C. O, KI.T.IOTT, Clitof of DrninasB, 1'niteil Stale Huroau of Agriculture. The cause ofsceped or bversaturat-ed bversaturat-ed laud is the .waste Jronv irrigation and loakage from (hinalf viiiul . iittorula. The skillful frrig-afof Tuny "insist that If no more water is applied than is noi-ded for grqwii) and maturing the crops'-, and thai :'ii' the-canals are so constructed that no substantial amount of : waiter!" escapes Into' t he-earth, he-earth, no, tynd will become too wet for farmjng puri'bsts. .is, ,ti;ue.,.l,hat( ,ln . many instances irrigators have been unduly prodigal In the use of water, particularly when 'the land ' Is' first subdued nnd-, 'watered. . TJ: art 'of economical irrigation is. usually learned learn-ed only when scarcity of, -.water compels com-pels Its !losV lavish use. In tiny event,' under methods that we may expect will prevail, some waste of water 'will occur oc-cur .under, the Ibest i,of iiuana'gement, making draining. .n jmnny places essential essen-tial to profitable farming. For these reasons an ' account'' of drainage 'conditions. 'con-ditions. In 'different localities' and the methods of,. treating!" them! Jtogether with thq .results , which i hav.e; .followed various drainage operations, will be of Interest to the holders of . Irrigated iarm-lands JJ ''"' l'Jii' n.: '-' ' It should, be 'observed 'tis "a general truth that ; water which produces' permanent per-manent saturation, rises from the hot-torn hot-torn of1 the saturated portion .toward j the surface. '"'Waste from, Irrigation first!ipasseB :dOwnwa'fd' "'until'' a hard J stratum . of .earth ,is ' reached. ' This ( may be only.aew. (eet,.ii) .which case v the additions ;Whch acqrue. from .the irrigation' of,' a' few years w,ill.,brin 'the' permanent' 'grbuncT water 'level to wlthini two, .or! three''feet W-'flie 'siir1- V face, , at which ! time Injury . to. v farnt crops . wtl ensue(i.,7?hei ;d)stance to,, a horizon of hard material .may. be much greater and the intervening ground may permit free pe'rcolafioh. in which! case a much longer time will be rer; quired to fllLvthe soil, because of the larger reservoir capacity 'and, the rOt'i lief affordedhy underar&jnage. It'. 1! not the downward' movement, of watery alone whiph,. occasions boggy or wet; areas, "tint' the ' lateral movement of! grouhdwater down a slope until, nJ .flaC'itracf prsuffaf.e'JdVpreSKfiii checks'.! the .flow anil cisesanr' fccumula.tion-j of watqr, wljlch is made known by its. appearance! nbf; !fcowev'er,' ' until the lower-, parte, p, fjiqwi H". Hut e ..; bfeeli fi lied, j Such , depressions, ,pr .,leyel areas re-! ceive ktfie accumulated " waste wafer proceeding!! ifrbm a.djoinittg lands.;' Which ,, occupy , H higher level. It willj --be --be seen,, that (the.-. saturated:' condition y of the land! Y'hich i shows injury 'is r.o4.. due to; the ; water '.which IscapplIeB dl-:'1 reotly tp Irrigate it,, but' 'to the surplus which ; percolates"1 frrnn i th'e'Jliigherf lands,, sometimes through considerable distances, until ;. It reaches' the lowej'; jflat br depression. tyj 'Drainage has been carried on in the-j west to sucban extent that certain:' methods' are'how practiced with rea-;( sonable assurance off, success.;' '-Refer-'-1 ence.to some of these will Indicate" . the..var iety -ef- procedure" wlTfc Tfis " how-followed, how-followed, as well, as the constructive difficulties" which Attend, this 'class of improvements. The development along this line which has taken place during the last five years is most encouraging to holders -of seepeTrtsncT; L : |