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Show THE FAlEfl'SJEiHSlII IIH Hundreds of Farmers See the Exhibit and Hear the Lectures at Delta and Oasis. The difference mint) from superior knowledge. A student who had a col. lege degree wan only Just ready to he-Kin he-Kin hi education. Iu regard to lands, lie said lo get the sagebrush land for dry farming, but grease wood land was Just aa good for an Irrigated furin At .. o'clock the out-of-town visitors 7uZ 1,VeI " 'unduon " Hotel Delta by the Commercial club SVyi enty-shc persons sat down to a very bouoi Iful repast. Wm. N. tiardner gave ti e vial tor a welcome la a abort bur 7 ?r,,('h and "'K'"8 White and J. Mcllenry responded. The latter Kave an Interesting talk on the remarkable re-markable achievements of the Murray Commercial club, of which he was president. Their history ought to be an encouragement for our own club Thursday the train apent the day at Oasis and It was amtln greeted by large crowds. At I0:;iu p,of. VaUw spoke at the cars to 175 men on live stock, more especially horses, taking as his subject the magnificent stallion owned by the 1'ercheron Horse com puny of the West Slue, Me said this was one of the finest animals In the statu. Miss Ivlns talked to the ladles at the Relief Society hall on Homestlc Science and Sanitation. One hundred and thirty men attended the lectures at the meeting house In the afternoon. after-noon. Prof. Merrill told the editor he had not met at any place a more Interested In-terested audience. This waa tho first lime on the trip that the travelers were able to spend their evening In the cars, but on account ac-count or scarlet fever at Deseret and Hinckley It was decided not to visit those places this time. There were representatives from nearly every town In the county at I kit a. Hinckley sent the largest delegation. dele-gation. The Academy was dismissed so that all the professors and as many students as wished could come over. They were accompanied by the Academy Acad-emy band, which furnished some good music. Mr. Wlnsor has promised to furnish for The Chronicle an Illustrated article on Irrigation and the use of weirs. This Is an Important subject upon which there are great differences of opinion. No one knows how much water wa-ter we are using down here or how much we need to use. This will only be known after actual experiments and measurements. Prof. Merrill says the Agricultural college Is going to send an expert to Millard county as soon as they can ftntj the Tight tuaii.' t cffauct Mm Investigations for the benefit of the farmers. The Farmers' demonstration train that is being run by the Salt Lake Route through Its territory, Is a veritable veri-table agricultural college on wheels, and Its value to the farmers and ultimately ulti-mately to the railroad, la Incalculable. That the farmers appreciate It Is shown by the big crowds that were atracted to It at Delta and Oasis on Wednesday and Thursday of last week. There must have been 1000 men, women wo-men and children who went through the train at Delta. The exhibit was a showing of grains, grasses, soils, dairy products, methods and machinery, fruit, spraying methods and machinery, machin-ery, domestic, sanitary arrangements, and live stock. There was also much literature, charts, tables. Illustrations, etc., teaching many valuable lessons to farmers and their wives. The experts who accompanied the train were Prof. Lewis A. Merrill, director di-rector of extension work and dry farming farm-ing experiments; Prof. J. C. Ilogenson, soils and field crops; Prof. J. Caine, III, live stock; Miss Leah Ivlns, home economics; L. M. Wlnsor, Irrigation and drainage; Taylor Edwards, horticulture; horti-culture; Douglas White, Industrial agent of the Salt Lake Route. The forenoon was spent In examining examin-ing the exhibit on the train. At 2 o'clock a public meeting for the farmers farm-ers was held at Amusement hall, while at the school house Miss Ivln's guve the wives and daughters an Interesting talk on home economics and domestic sanitation. Prof. Merrill was the first speaker at the hall. He said that no part of Utah had greater possibilities than Millard county. It had a deep, rich soil, an unrivalled climate, markets near by and an abundance of water for both Irrigation and domestic purposes, but the farmers here had two problems. Tho first was to add hums to the soil. It had an abundance of all the needed mineral salts. Even alkali was an ad vantage. Without It no crops could be raised. Even the soli of Ohio hud some of this necessary ingredient and Mll-laril Mll-laril had aea 40(1 tttiuf JCB4t. the soil had lain here for ages with no accumulation of vegetable matter, as occurs In humid states. This is necessary nec-essary lo conserve the moisture and to allow the air to permeate the soil and gain access to the roots of the plants. To add this organic matter to the soil he strongly advised every farmer to keep some stock so that the manure ma-nure could be plowed Into the land. He thought farmers were losing one of the most valuable products of their farm when they allowed the manure to accumulate around their stables and corrals. Another method of adding organic matter was to plow under alfalfa. He recommended fall plowing always and to have the land rough so as to absorb moisture. Their experiments had shown that seven Inches more water was retained by the soil that had been Fall plowed than by land not plowed. The second problem was the using it the minimum amount of water. Constant Con-stant cultivation Is the solution of this problem. Cultivation means that less aater will be required for this will prevent its evaporation. When water ises to the top it brings up the alkali ind when It evaporates the alkali Is eft on the surface. The Idea Is to i teep the vfater down prevent It from 'vaporatlng. Cultivation makes a i nulch which holds the moisture down. . le advised fall planting with plenty of i mil Ivat Ion. Tiien, in the spring, wa- j er and cultivate after each watering i intll the crop is six inches high. This ilso forces the roots f the plants to t :o down to seek the moisture. With- ; tut this, the roots remain close to the ( urface and constant Irrigation Is re- i ulred. Had Millard county used less ( later In the past, It would have been t nuch better off. ; He thought 40 acres of Irrigated land ias better than 1.10 In the East. Here ne acre will support three cows. In 1 he east It will support but one. Nu r ped was superieir to our alfalfa. Hut ( .hat about the alfalfa weevil? He 1 nought the farmers ought not to be cared at this little bug. It was con- a ned principally to Salt Lake county, n nd the entomological department ti 'ould find means to exterminate It. r le knew a farmer at Hemingway to P 'horn the weevil was a blessing. He ad harrowed over the field to get rid n f the weevil and the result was that f e used less water and raised better u rop than ever before. He advised f irmers to plant oats and vetch, which o lelded about two and a half tons to b ie acre, and w as a more valuable feed r lan alfalfa. a Mr. Wlnsor was the next speaker nd explained the different methods n r measuring water. A second foot of h ater running one hour I sufficient to iver one acre of land one Inch deep n ith water. A simple measuring weir ri as a board with an opening rut out n 1 the top, sightly nirn-.wer at the but- p. itn than at tt.e top. The depth of the it lening should re one-tuird the depth ' the water below the weir, and the r line proportion on each sii of the . ;enlng. To measure the depth of the u ater passing through the weir place ft rtil on a peg driven Into the ranal H M't above the opening and on level Ith the bottom of the ojeninr Tih tc e furnUhed which show at a g'ance ol the amount of water passing through a elr of a given dimension. The down stream side of the opening should be beveled and the Inside lined with metal. V Ith this weir any farmer can tell ex actly how much water he Is getting and thought the fiirmers should Insist upon this kind of a weir being Installed. Install-ed. A fall of ten feet to the mile ivas about right. Don't Insist on having water all the time. Have laterals in stalled and then take water In rotation, rota-tion, two or three weeks apart. The soil being sedliuentury and lying dry for ages, It wus harder to irrigate, but when once thoroughly soaked It required much less water. In answer to a question he said the soil here might require three feet of water the first year. He also spoke of the neces-Blty neces-Blty of cultivation and gave Instances of its remarkable effect In conserving the moisture. I'rof. Caine talked about live stock and the necessity of having it to keep up the fertility of the soil. No state can produce live stock and dairy products prod-ucts as cheaply as can Utah; M.uoo.OOO worth of meat products are Imported. It should be raised here. We have the best kind of feed. Our alfalfa Is worth a much, pound for pound, as bran. Steers have made as much as two pounds per day on wild hay alone. Ltf. Angeles needs our hogs. U-i a number of farmers raise enough hogs to send a car load at a time to Uis Angeles. The shaker said stock should have the heaviest feeding when it Is young, as weight can be made more cheaply then than when older. Feed your horses at night and not so much In the morning; morn-ing; water them several times during the day; don't feed them too much; ten pounds of hay and ten of grain per day Is all a big omnibus company reedrf IU horses and army rations are still leas. Raise big horses that will sell for J2j per hundred; get your pigs up I to 2.10 or 300 pounds at six or seven ! months old, then "sell; added weight costs more than It sells for. i Douglas White, of the Salt Ijike Ui fciUv n tar tatcina 41 -. said the officials of the road had great faith in Millard county; It was the greatest valley In the inter-mountaln country. Senator Clark had said that he'd rather put one settler Into Utah than a carload of tourists Into California. Califor-nia. That Is why the company Is spending more money In advertising Utah than any other portion off their territory. In the evening he spoke principally on the subject of Irrigation. While Improvements Im-provements had not been made as rapidly rap-idly In Irrigation as In other departments, depart-ments, the necessity for scientific Irrigation Irri-gation was being more appreciated. California utilizes all Its water. Was water used as wastefully as in Utah 1 only 20 per cent of the present area could have been cultivated. Heaver county uses 41,000 acre feet of water on 10,000 acres of land, and over half of It was being destroyed by flooding. Land In Central California worth from $100 to $7(o per acre Is no better than that In Millard rounty. A man with one acre foot there Is rich; you have more here. Oarner your water for 1 your Irrigated lands; by cultivation conserve the moisture for your dry 1 farms. Mr. Taylor also spoke In the eve- I tiing on orchards. He thought this : iart of Millard would be producing line 1 apples, as docs Oak City now. He ad- ' vised farmers not lo be In a hurry to lut out an orchard. Plant grain and ' lfalfa for two or three years to get 1 Ihe land in proper condition. Green 1 lilver went too fast and had to replant j hree-fourths of their trees the first rear after, and one-half the second. Jet good stock from a reliable dealer, ' ind one year stock Is better than two 1 r three. Cut the young trees down ' 0 24 or 30 Inches from the ground, fhe next year cut off all but 3 or 4 ilioots. i Prof. Caine also spoke again about t ive stock. He said constant cropping lad ruined the potato lands around Ireely and that even Millard rounty and would grow Hs"r If not fertilized. , Ye should have stock for the manure . well as for Its market value. The ilddle states, with colder winters, lark t winter pasture, expensive barns, ouldn't raise stock within five cents er ponud of what Utah could. Star 'alley, colder than Millard and 40 " iillea from the railroad, sends from ' 10.000 to $40,000 worth of dairy prod-cts prod-cts to Salt Lake. Cache valley, about mr tulle by twenty-five, shipa $6,000,-Kiworth $6,000,-Kiworth of dairy products every year, f esldea raising sugar beets. A milk heck Is a nice thing to have coming In nd nearly every Cache valley farmer ets a check of from $20 to $2ou per , lonth. Millard county farmers ran ave the same benefits. o He then gave the various o!nt de-otlng de-otlng a good dairy animal. Heef lising will also be a profitable bun! ess. as beef now sell at about $10 er hundred and may go to $15 In a w years. Prof. Merrill gave the closing talk 1 the evening He said the Agrlcul- 11 iral college desired to tie of service the farmers. None of them believed T ley had learned it all. Only three nd a half per cent of Und In Utah f, as cultlvted It should be utilized the fullest Some men could realize (, aly $10 per acre and others fi.ooo. |