Show I S EN ENand and HEARD around and t tN 1 tl tlc c N NATIONAL CAPITA API AP TA TAL Carter CarterField Field I j a Washington Some Some o ot of the smart young lawyers in the Kew lew Deal are now predicting that President Roosevelt will not seek eek a constitutional constitutional amendment with a view to obtaining for or the federal government govern i ment power to regulate wages and hours and power to effect crop reductions re re- re- re in in short to overcome the devastating effect on New Deal policies poll poli des cies of the Supreme court decisions In the and AAA AM cases S. S Such amendments will not be necessary necessary essary these young lawyers hold If U certain events which they confidently dently expect should develop First and probably most Important will be bethe bethe the court decision sure ure to come on the new Guffey Gulley coal law There may maybe maybe maylie be lie quite a battle battlo about putting this law through but they are mentally jumping that hurdle assuming that It will wUl become law and assuming that of ot course It will be promptly taken up to the Supreme court These young youn New Dealers think I the new Guffey act avoids the errors errors errors er er- of law and precedent violation that caused the original Gulley act to be thrown out the window by the Supreme court They think that if U the new Guffey act can pass the thet thed d- d t high court hurdle It will then be possible to Impose one at a time Individual codes codes' on individual industries in In- without running up against the points that resulted In the Supreme Su- Su X preme courts court's rejecting NnA by a ai ar i r unanimous vote f For one thing they point out In 1 such a procedure there will be no 1 question of congress or the President President Pres Ident I- I dent delegating authority This point I weighed heavily in fn the minds of the Justices in fn plucking the blue eagle cogle In the Guffey Gurrey entering wedge it is fa proposed that congress shall write the terms of the code so 0 that It will be purely a question of whether congress has the right to todo todo do this under the general welfare clause of the Constitution and ond not a i question of whether some giant government gov gov- emment agency may determine such things over the desks of a host f of appointed bureaucrats Brandeis Objected There Is more to this belief of the young lawyer than the mere written writ writ- I ten tea Words of ot the Constitution or the texts of ot various Supreme court del de de- l chions It Is known for instance that J Justice u u. Ut t I e c e Brandeis objected strongly to many phases of the blue blueeagle blueeagle blueeagle eagle and made no bones of saying laying so 0 to many persons including General Gen den eral Hugh r On top of this is the undeniable r es psychological effect elect on the minds of members of the court of the overwhelming over over- whelming landslide for the New Deal plus Deal plus the point that the Guffey Guf C fey decision was not even a clear clear- rI r cut nut five ve to four tour adverse decision t Chief Justice Hughes though siding t with the minority y approved some features of the law including price pricer r v 4 fixing So the assumption ot of the young lawyers is not as extreme as first N might appear and If it the they are right r t the tho remainder of ot the course Is clear It t On AAA the tho procedure Is much simpler In fact it is already being vi don q It I Is just a question of admitting ad ad- r. r 1 y y mUting It and ad this is s gradually being be ing tog done Corn is now formally r classified as a soil oll by the r M u l t Department of ot Agriculture This is r held despite the fact fad that many agricultural agricultural ag ago I authorities say ay that with proper use of fertilizer and with proper rotation corn is frequently beneficial to land For instance occasional occasional oc oc- oc- oc planting of corn helps keep down weeds Cultivation of corn continues continue until very late in the season sea sea- son thus keeping the weeds from froni reproducing themselves Headed for Clash Doth Cordell Hull and Henry A. A Wallace are fairly long suffering and patient gentlemen as both have demonstrated several times since they entered Franklin r D D. Roosevelt's noose Roose velt's veU's cabinet Some of their troubles troubles trou trou- bl bles s have nave brought about a community community community of ot interests or at least a sym sympathetic pathetic understanding as for example example ex ex- ample their separate and unrelated wars on George N. N Peek But Dut It would seem to the least cynical bystander that at the prest present pres ent eat moment they are hearted headed towards towards to to- wards a personal clash which sooner soon soon- er or later Is apt to upset the most promising of all from all from the present prophets prophet's view 1940 1940 Presidential band bandwagons Meaning of ot course that of ot the secretary of ot agriculture It all revolves around the controversy controversy contro- contro f versy that wa will the heart eart of the tars tarin tar tar- o. o s f in tT problem which divided the Dem Dem- o and Republican parties inthe in inthe the Cleveland Harrison days das and has b been en the heart of ot the farm problem problem lem hem ever since the doctrine of scare scare- scarcity ity was Introduced In a way of speaking Secretary ot of Agriculture Wallace takes what was the Republican view in the days of Elaine e Garfield and that McKinley that the United States should be more or less self sustaining self sustaining affording its own producers a monopoly of the domestic market Whereas Secretary of State Hull 1 takes take what WIS was the Cleveland view a i that that the United States Slates should hould buy abroad what It could not produce so economically at home and pay for such Imports by exports of what J J S could be produced more economically economical ly Iy here Wallace of course does not approach approach ap apo the answer by the processes advocated by the Republican leaders leaders leaders lead lead- ers of that day But Dut be arrives at atthe atthe the same ultimate conclusion The Republicans wanted to work It that way by putting an almost Insurmountable Insurmountable mountable tariff duty on every arti atti article cle cla produced In America In Another Way Wallace would accomplish the same end presumably end presumably by checkIng checkIng check check- Ing the production of American exports exports ex- ex ports port pa particularly a agricultural products which again theoretically theoretical theoretical- ly Iy would ultimately result In the United States not being able to buy any Imported goods It will be recalled that the fundamental funda funds mental controversy between Wallace Wallace Wal Wal- lace and Peek was over this same point Wallace wanted to restrict agricultural production Peek wanted want ed to let Itt it follow Its Ita natural course Wallace wanted to eliminate agricultural agricultural agri agri- cultural surpluses Peek wanted to use the surplus cotton wheat and whatnot for International barter Hull we now find Is II absolutely on the Peek side aide of that controversy contro contro- versy that except except that he is not for International In barter He lie wants to follow fol low the old orthodox route Ho lIe wants to lower tariff lath barriers by international international In International in- in agreements but let the tho resulting trade follow natural lines Une So far there has baa not been an unpleasant unpleasant un pleasant word between Wallace and Hull None is expected in fn the near future Dut But obviously the two theories theories theories the the- ories cannot both be pursued with much success at the same time without this country coming out at atthe atthe atthe the small end of the horn So experts expert studying the situation are predicting a 8 real blow up long before the Democratic national convention convention con con- assembles in June 1910 1940 to pick Its candidate for President to succeed Franklin D D. Roosevelt Always Always Always Al Al- ways assuming of course that Mr Roosevelt decides against a third term Grows Growl Tiresome Porto Rico politicians politicians- and American Amer lean ican sugar augar and tobacco growers- growers hope that Porto Rico nico can Imitate the example of ot the Philippines and obtain Its III freedom Down at Buenos BuenosAires BuenosAires BuenosAires Aires the delegates from 20 American Ameri Amerl can cn republics were given a picture of how the twenty first twenty the the United States tramples States tramples on the aspirations and what not of the downtrodden Porto Ricans Its It's the kind of thing that makes the average American just a trifle tired when he runs Into it after he recovers from his first shock of sur ur prise prIe Its It's the kind of thing plus a certain certain tain economic factor that resulted in the Philippines being set free after atter Aguinaldo had failed to win the Islands' Islands Independence by bloodshed bloodshed blood blood- shed and the sword and after William Wil Vil liam llam Jennings Bryan Dryan had failed to win it with oratory and appeals to Americas America's unselfishness The same ame economic factor Is present present pres pres- ent in the case of Porto Rico the Rico the desire of American producers to eliminate island competition In the Philippines it was sugar tobacco coconut oil all and other products In Inthe Inthe In the case of Porto Rico nico it is s mainly sugar and tobacco This writer predicted In January 1930 that the Philippines would obtaIn obtain ob ob- tain taro their freedom The prediction was not noi based on statesmanship or oran orn oron on an n the Japanese menace or anything anything anything any any- thing of the sort It t was vu based on pure economics The Filipino sugar producers had fooled the life lite out of Henry I. I L. L Stimson then secretary of state and prior to that governor general of the Philippines They made him hirn believe that tons was the tho extreme limit of Philippine sugar lugar production The sugar men of Hawaii Florida Louisiana Porto PortoRico PortoRico Rico nico Colorado and Cuba knew better better better bet bet- ter but Mr Stimson had prestige to support him and the they were lightly regarded branded as being purely selfish They knew they were selfish so the they were slightly abashed but it didn't take them long lona to get busy Given Free Market Similarly it will not take the sugar luar and tobacco producers of the the United States long to get busy on the Porto Rican nican situation now that the Porto have ave started the ball rolling roiling b by virtually picketing Uncle Sams Sam's delegation at Buenos Duenos Aires Alres They wont won't have the dairy interests inter ests eats of the th Northwest to help as did the advocates of Philippine Independence independence independence in in- dependence but they have seen how the job should be handled More Moro Moreover Moreover over the State department folks are getting just a little tired of bein being attacked by alleged representatives of a people whose whole prosperity is based on being given the richest market in the world free for their two main crops crops crops-crops crops which they cannot sell in any market in which they do not have bave an artificial ad ad- vantage It is common knowledge In that part of America not controlled by bythe bythe bythe the United States that Porto Rican nican cigars and cigarettes are not popular lar cannot lar-cannot cannot be sold in competition with Cuban and Jamaican products Being inside the steep United States tariff wall saves the situation for Porto Rico The same lame thing obtains obtains ob cb- ob- ob a sugar lugar market for the former Spanish island Notwithstanding which the there re seems seem to be a general impression In the Island that it is fa being exploited ex ex- plotted by gringos that the peons are re ground down to make profits tor for rich capitalists in New York and that the President privately sympathizes with them and would strike ot oft off their shackles O C BtU BcD S U. 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