| OCR Text |
Show fO CONTROL MOISTURE FODDER CROP FOR DRY FARM Water Mile U Surest Yielding Grain Grown In Arid Section Advica on Hew to Feed to Stock. Packing Brings Supply of From Below. By PROP. H. M. COTTRELL.) Milo la the surest yielding grain crop that Is grown In the dry land sec- tion of eastern Colorado, western Stirring the Surface Leaves a Mulch Kansas and Oklahoma, the Pan Hanand Checke Evaporation Harrow dle of Texaa and eastern 'New MexMay Be Ueed After the Ordiico. nary Land Roller. The United States department of agriculture reports the average yield To properly understand the effect for five years at Amarillo, Tex., and of any Implement on the moisture other dry land experiment stations at content of the soil It Is necessary 40 bushels of per acre a year. that we understand the way water Farmers in thegrain same section report acta. The kind of soil water which Is of bushels an yields of thirty to most Importance to a farmer is what acre. fifty-fiv- e la sometimes called capillary water. This capillary water la what la com-In- s up from lower levels in the soil all the time to the aurface. The action of thla water is seen when dry and or earth Is put In a small basin of water so that the sell la away above the vessel containing It. If there ia enough water In the basin It would saturate the soil to the very top, much in the same way aa a sponge would absorb the water, or a lamp wick acta In conveying the oil from the howl of the lamp to the end that la lighted. The finer the soil particles are the more water they will retain and hold as a film around these particles. Thla la moisture which the plants growing In such a soli may use. The harder the soil ia packed the more readily thla capillary water cornea to the surface. The looser thla aoll Is the slower It comes. Thla will explain why It la necessary then to use the packer or heavy roller to secure this firmness of soil In order to bring the capillary water freely to the point of contact with the roots of the plants. Supposing the oil la packed and left smooth on the aurface ai the ordinary land roller leaves It, then the capillary water would come right to the surface and the wind would lick It up with the heat and away It would go In the air. Any system of cultivation that will prevent this will rut off the chimneys, ao to apeak, from coming right to the aurface ao that they discharge the moisture In the loose soil below the surface where the plant roots are. Hence It la that In a cultivated hoe crop, even In the driest time, one can with the use of hla boot uncover the moist aoll. Often when walking and looking back at 'ones foot prints the moisture shows at the aurface of the packed aoll even when the loose surface aoll la apparently dry. Aa tha ordinary land packer would not leave the surface as amooth aa the round roller, and ft wouldnt have the same effect In encouraging the evaporation of the capillary water. It shouldnt be forgotten, however, that a harrow may be used after the ordinary land roller, and It will break up this waste of aoll moisture by restoring the dust blanket It should not be overlooked either that In hare fallowing the Hnd the surface aoll becomes very finely divided Into soil particles to some depth, say eight or nine Inches, and thla becomes a reservoir for the retention of capillary water for the crops which follow. The more and the finer thla soil la worked the more water It will hold and the surer one is of a crop In a dry climate or In a dry season. In a test made some years, ago by Prof. F. H. King, the aurface of the to a oil was cultivated frequently depth of three Inches during a period of forty-nin- e days while an adjacent Roth pieces atrip waa untouched. were kept free from weeds or other vegetation. During the whole time the average dally loaa of water waa 14.48 tons per acre from the cultivated ground and 17.8 tons on the uncultivated land. Thla was a difference of 158.9 tons of water per acre In seven weeks In favor of the cultivated land. If a man should attempt to haul thla amount of water on to the land with teams he would have a stupen-ou- a undertaking, and yet the actual difference In loan of water must have been even greater than the amount that could he measured, because the upper layers of the soil are always drawing up moisture from depths below the lowest samples taken for analysis. One team coulil not make much headway hauling water for a forty-acr- e field of corn during such a period of seven weeks, but It rould readily cultivate the field aeveral tlmea and thereby conserve altogether over 6,000 tons of water. The measured saving In water was equal to 1.7 Inches of rainfall. A Good Pruning Suggestion. To make large wounds heal quickly, first see that the trees are In vigorous growing condition. When a large cut must be made, paint the wood with white lead, then cover the most of It with a piece of zinc. The healing tissue, called the ratios." will start from the edges of the wound. In the course of time this callus will fold over sufficiently to cover the wound. Its spread may be hastened by slitting this callus with the point of a sharp knife once each gear. Early In the summer Is the best time to do this, as the rallus tissue la most active at that time. Cost of Raisins. grape grower near Frenso. Cal., who has kept an accurate book account of bis vineyard for ten years, estimates that It costs two and one-hal- f sents per pound to grow raisins for the market. A A bushel of mllo will produce from ten to eleven pounds of pork. This makes the average annual pork production from the dry lands of the southwest equal to 400 and upwards pounds per acre where mllo la grown and fed. Ten pounds of mllo have the same feeding value for horses, beef and dairy cattle, hogs and sheep aa nine pounds of corn. Mllo la the corn for the plains ot the southwest and should hie grown instead of corn whever the annual rainfall dropa below 25 Inches. Farmers in the Pan Handle of Texaa aay that it never falls to yield a crop of grain, and that It will yield 20 bushels an acre In years so dry that wheat is an absolute failure. Mllo should have the same place in dry land farming that corn has In Iowa and Illinois. It haa nearly the composition of corn, like feeding qualities, and can be used with profit for the feeding of every class of farm animals to which corn Is fed. Horsea doing heavy farm work should be given three feeds of Mllo grain a day. It la usually fed In the more heads being given head, one-hal- f than would he given ears of corn. Moat teamatera prefer to feed mllo In the head, cutting the main stem off close to the head. The main stem of the head and the many little stems to which the seeds are attached force the horaea to do a large amount of chewing before the grain can he swallowed, and thla mastication grinds the grain and mixes it with the saliva. Increasing the proportion digested. The seeds of mllo are small, and when the threshed grain Is fed to the horses. It la chewed very little and much of the seed passes through undigested. Ground mllo makes a good horse feed. Horses and mules have stood well, with hard work all aammer, such aa breaking prairie, with no grain hut mllo. Colts and horsea not working may he fed mllo fodder just aa It la cured atalks and heads. Kefir corn or early amber sorghum, planted in rows rather thickly and cut. when In bloom, with a binder,' makes a good hay for horsea whoae grain feed la mllo. When fattening cattle are first put on feed, they may be given mllo fodder, heads and atalks together, the crop cut with a binder and kept In the shock until cured. After thirty days of such feeding, the waste becomes too great, and It will pay to anap the heads from the stalka and feed them In grain boxes, the same aa ear corn. For the final, feeding, after the steers have become fairly fat, It will pay to grind the mllo. The heads may he ground without threshing, the small sterna to which the seeds are fastened forming a ground roughage, or the heads may be threshed and the clear grain ground. The best laxative feed to give cattle being fattened on mllo la green cured alfalfa hay cut to retain moat of the leaves. Wet the hay and not the oats for a roughing horse. and Discover and destroy brown-tai- l gypsy moth nests. A thin layer of dust serves as a mulch as does straw. No domestic animals Increase or decrease ns rapidly as pigs. There are many reasons why farmers should keep more sheep. The ewes that arc suckling lambs should lw fed very liberally. sheep lu order to have good-slxe- d grow them rapidly while young. Clean liny cannot be obtained from soil that Is foul with weed seeds. Give the little chicks all the sir possible without exposing them. The bog Is an animal that demands comfort In order to thrive well. P farm horse To fatten and stock for sale is not s difficult task. Sometimes slue In sheep Is secured at the expense of activity and vitality. Fence the garden with a chicken-proo- f wire. H will save your temper. Good seed Is one of the important faetors in the production of good crops. Handling colts from the start obviates breaking and substitutes training. You can get no more power from your horse than you give him la his food. Epsom salts In their trying when the hens from overfeeding. Do not. pile manure barn and do not pile It Spread It as fast as It food Is worth cease laying around the on the fields. can be taken out Value of Ensilage. ' Eggs will become fertile In from Ensilage Is a food that approaches after aix to which The four food natural days the mating. very nearly all ruminants dealra and are accus- effect of mating will continue aeveral months. tomed to. OF WASTE PREVENTION Development of West Depends on Full Water Supply. Larger Saving Will Ba Effected In Future as It Is Found That Less Irrigation la Needed Meaaure-menChecks Loss. (Dr L t O CARPENTER. Colorado Agricultural Collect.) Tha prevention of waste of water la a matter of public Importance. The land suitable for Irrigation so much exceeds the water supply, not only In Colorado, hut throughout the West, that the agricultural development depends on tha use of the supply to Its fullest capacity. Though the building of storage reservoirs, the stopping of waste. Improved methods of irrigation which were all recommended in Bulletin IS (1890) have been carried out to a great extent and the agricultural products, if not the agricultural area, haa greatly Increased, and much Improvement in measurement haa come, the pressure remains about the same. A larger saving will be effected In the future aa It la found that less quantities of water are needed; subdivision Into smaller and smaller streams becomes necessary and measurement will become more exact, and It will bo Justifiable to expend larger sums for exact devices. Aside from the accuracy, a good system of measurement saves a large amount of water. A careful account la known to be the basis of sound finance. An accounting, In ltsolf, produces economy for it causes an arrest of thought, and directs attention to the matters under consideration, and reveals tho source of waste. It la also The true In water administration. very fact that water la measured checks extravagance. If It be not pleasured the Idea la easily fostered that It la not valuable enough. The mere fact that measurement la made and an account kept, makes each user more careful. In ditches where no attempt haa been made to control tha taae by Individuals, It la surprising to notice the saving caused by keeping an account and thua showing how much each haa used and to compare one with another. In dtlea It la well known that the mere Installation of water meters and keeping account of the water used by each Individual, often reduces the consumption to one-thir- d what It waa before, and yet no one haa suffered. When water la plentiful, a system, or lack of system, works without trouble. The practice then la to give water enough to atop complaint When the water becomes scarce, then Inexactness In measurement mean a that some one gets more than hla ahare. Thla means that some elae geta leaa, and the result may be serious upon the crops. In all parts of the state where the pressure for water ia felt, there haa been a great Increase In the value of land, and thla la almost entirely from the Increase In the value of water. Reservoirs have been built at an ex pense of millions of dollars to take advantage of streams of water that a few years since were considered to bo Insignificant. Thla Increase In the value of water haa only begun, and therefore the conditions which justify pains and expense to obtain accurate measurements will increase. Companies will go to much greater expense for thla particular purpose than they now consider justifiable. It la true that the present practice la generally behind what could reasonably be expected from present conditions. Even now In the exchange between reservoirs in northern Colorado, the rompanlea have found It Juatlfiable to employ a (killed person for that particular work, at considerable expense. Tho statement made in the first edi tlon may be repeated: "There will never be an easier time for arranging satisfactory measurements than now; for the demand will not be less, and with time and the increase in the value of water, there will be many who will feel that they have rights vested In certain method! of measurements which may be Intrinsically unjufct." SAVING OF WATER AND TIME Much Harm Done to Soil and Crop by Unbusinesslike and Ignorant Uaa of Irrigation. The amount of water used In differ-n- t districts runs from 4 to 4 feet the acre, but why the growers use so much water few any seem to fully The fart Is most people understand. use three or four times more water than ia necessary and do a good deal 3f harm to their soli and also to the rrop by an unbusinesslike and really Ignorant use of a valuable quantity. The soil is a sponge which will retain inly a certain amount of moisture. If moro water la supplied it simply leaches down and Is lost or runs away, carrying with it a fertilizing element of the aoll In solution and only those which are in solution are Df any value to plant life. The principal value of water la to make the fertilizing element! soluble. IToper tillage following l.vtgatton extends the time of service of the water In the aoll and thereby lessen the amount of Irrigation as well aa the rreqitenry of application. Thla makes a aavlng of both water and time and at a season when both are valuable. 1 IRRIGATION FOR SOY BEANS Frequent Shallow Applications of Waster Better Than Long Ones aa Roeta aa Not Deep. Some difficulty haa been encountered In some localities In the production of soy beans. The first Important feature In the production of thla crop la good seed, and considerable difficulty Is encountered In securing It. The seed, therefore, should be teated by placing in a pan of damp aoll In a warm place to determine how much will germinate. If loss than 80 per rent good seed la found, either better seed should be secured or a larger amount In proportion to the quality should be planted. The seed bed should be In the heat condition, for the sprouts of soy beans are very tender and any obstacles such aa lumps, stones or crust on the surface of tha ground will materially impede the growth. Seed should be planted from one Inch to one and one-hal- f inches deep In the heavier soils, and two to two and one-hal- f Inches deep In sandy soils. Water should he applied before planting, ao that a crust will not form after the seed haa been planted. Thla la important. 8oy beans may he planted In rows two and one-hal- f to three feet apart, or may be drilled or broadcasted, writes Rev. EL Willard In tho Indiana Fanner. Planting In rows and cultivating will give the beat result In seed, but for feeding purposes, the entire ground may be covered. When planting In rowa, about sixty pounds per acre will give good results. If planted broadcast, considerable more, about 150 pounds, should be sown. The roots of soy beans are not deep, usually not more than thirty Inches, so that frequent shallow irrigations are preferred to heavy Irrigations and at longer Intervals. Thla ia uaually true If the crop Is planted In rowa. This should ba done two or three tlmea during the early part of the growing season, both to break any crust that may form and to keep out weeds. It will be found moat beneficial to cultivate aa soon aa the aoll la dry enough after Irrigation. The soy bean plant la a legume, and la therefore a nitrogen gatherer for the aoll. If properly handled It should leave the aoll In better condition than before. Thla la particularly true of sandy soil, which la generally true of what deficient in nitrogen. The crop usually does well on the higher soils aa compared with the heavier soils. Soy beans mature In from 90 to 115 dayi. They may be planted at any time after the danger of the last killing frost la passed. Slightly more than thirty bushels of seed to the acre were produced on soli where the seeding was about sixty pounds to the acre In rowa three feet apart Rabbits and gophers are particularly fond of tho young beana, and If there le danger from these pests. It will be well to plant enough for yourself and the pests also. geneml COUNTY ENTERPRISE: PUBLISHER for payment for (RENEWAL OR NEW) mV Enclosed find crtptton to the COUNTY ENTERPRISE. Name State Town 1 year, 1.00; 2 years, J1.50 Capitol Phaimacy SANDY, UTAH. Anywhere In the U. S. Peter Pierson TIN AND METAL WORKER. Roofing and Copper Work. Work Guaranteed. Repairing of All Kinds. Guttering, Good In Bumucss for your Health. tt N. E. cor. 1st North and Prescriptions our Specialty. State Street Sandy, Utah. it NYALS 100 REMEDIES, Good for All. All Good, Capitol Pharmacy, Agency Emil Carlson it We have the only Soda Foun- BICYCLES and AUTOMOBILES tain in Sandy. Call and let us General Repairing done serve you. If you want a good Automobile buy 3 West Main Street the Michigan. 1 have the agency. ill one, 243-J- . State Street 47 So. MURRAY, UTAH Electricity Supplies Many Hot Weather C. H. BANKS Comforts. THE COUNTY UNDERTAKER. LICENSED EMBALMER. OPEN DAY AND NIGHT. Phone 347. 144 State Street, MURRAY, UTAH. And other appliances are so convenient and economical. Are you getting the most of comforts from life by using Is. W. Matthews SPRING AND SUMMER p4illir)ery them? UTAH LIGHT 142 So. State & RAILWAY GO. Street, MURRAY, UTAH. F. G. FISHER, Local Agent, Pioneer Ave. SANDY, UTAH. urray jjakcry EARSJ?I JOHN HAZELGREX, Propi 140 So. State SL MURRAY. Rusty cans and palla are more useful outside the dairy. Samples I make that GOOD BREAD. The more butter Is washed the RUBBER STEEL STAMPS. Plea and Pastry. more It la robbed of its flavor. Cakes, SEALS, STENCILS, ETC. A good churning will not leave over A line of Groceries, Candles, Clgara Salt Lake City, Utah. .2 per cent, of fat In the buttermilk. and Tobacco. 35 milk Cooling W. 3rd So. St. Phone Waa. 304 We serve Coffee and Cakes. quickly after milking la one way of prolonging Its sweetPHONE 311-(We make Rubber Stamps.) ness. One great secret of keeping butter In summer la to have it good to begin with, then keep It cold. Iloraea cannot he grown as cheap aa they were when land waa half the price and grain half the price. De a tailored man or woman and command more respect. I have a fuj The development of the young of PROVO MILLS WOOLENS at from $22.00 up for Mens Suits and line horse requires the exercise of the beat Judgment In handling him. $25.00 and up for Ladies' 8uits, which I will make to your measure In thl The destruction of organic matter, latest fashion. Men's Own Material made up from $15.00 up; Ladies Own by cultivation and otherwise, is largeMaterial made up in Suits $16.00,Jacket $11.00, Skirts $5.00. When order ly responsible for the depletion of ing a Suit see me first. Orders left at COUNTY ENTERPRISE Office will our soils. be promptly attended to. I do alterations, repairing, cleaning and pressing Money that la Bpent for well-brein neatest manner. the well be thrown as stork might Just away If the stock Is not properly taken care of. Goslings will thrive If fed on gran SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH. CONSTITUTION BUILDING, alone, lut will not make such rapid 631-3growth, of course, as when they are T1 given a little grain. let Dont cultivator the busy. Keep PHONE. MURRAY 81 the weeds get ahead of yon. Remember that they use the plant food that is Ihe expert and artistic work that should go Into your crops. we put upon our shirt, collar, cuffs, The farmer who uses hla farm for banking fertility from hla animals is fancy vesi and colored shirts, at reawiser than the man who sella off son u ble prices. Ynu never rould tell everything to swell the figures in hla that your garments were not new If bank book. you didn't know they were your old Every farmer should plant such ones. Lea us launder vour next bun-d'- e -and kafilr as mllo, sorghum, rops rf ri.iled linen ai the shr.llu for tils fowls. A small area of land will produce enough grain to MURRAY STEAM LAUNDRY feed a large flock of poultry. There Is little danger of Indigestion V.'e call fur anl deliver your launamong the ducklings so long as the froo of extra charge. dry green food and the turn! hold out. Sand In the drinking water prevents gct:on by the tipping, and la ea.-ll-y birds. Patronize Home Industry CIIAS. W. IIUIIL, Tailor 2 Our Method cf Dosing a Sheep. Sheep medicine needs to be given carefully, and should be as small as possible In quantity. Doses are administered by holding the animal between the knees and pouting the fluid Into the mouth, observing the sntuo precautions as to coughing ns with other animals. The last form of bottle in the absence of the patented article la that In which saures are s'. .it out. They are strong, have a narrow neck and are generally about the right capacity six to eight ounces. American Cultivator. Grading Up Horses. It Is a slow process grading np Success in Dairying. horaea, and (he heat way la to buy a The more the study, the greater the pure-bremart and breed to a puresuccess lu dairying. bred stallion. Long1 Suit THREE WEEKS TRIAL ORDER Please send the COUNTY ENTERPRISE to my address for thres weeks free of chum. If 1 do not sen v.i.r.l to the contrary you may cow and 1 will send the years auV tinue sending it after the three vut scriptlon at an early date. 1 Name Town d Dot Nuhi! t r. E. D. |
