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Show ,,, , The Deseret Newt. Utah Indians Spent Much Time Grubbing for Food titan The Indians spent a good part Indians, when the Mormon pioneers arrived, generally of their time grubbing for food. had a miserable existence. Most Some of the Utes and Shoshones of the land was arid, the sun obtained horses at an early date, was searing hot in the summer WWI" Wok and the winters were bitter. There were three large tribes, 1., ,,,, "L'tahA Guide to according ' ' ':, .7...;.;::,..'.?,..,:,,:',... .4,.............,.1 I ;.:,;, 1 , , ;i ;;Ir''; ,. . 1 -,- ,: , I ,;;;;), , ,,,;,, ; .,,,,.,..., .,:,,,,::, ' i 4.- , . -, were the L to the State." They Utes, Pa lutes, and the Shoshones. The Utes lived pretty much in -the northern and eastezn part of what is now Utah. The Shoshones roamed in the north, and the Paiutes in the south. IC N s 'f l'''.. ar -----reasahapp- , I I . I t i. ,,: ,,,:.,;,,,:,. , . .., -- - - ,,,., , , 40;,,,,,, .i Lir ....", logo Illy :; - the Ines from the Spaniards. These horsemen sought larger game for nourishment, but most Indians lived on small animals, Insects, wild berbs and roots and similar things. Deer and antelope were often driven into enclosures, .1 Aid Pre-Pione- where they were felled with arrows. The Pa lutes sometimes used dogs to help them track down mountain sheep and deer. The favorite weapon, perhaps, on the hunt was the bow, with a sinew back, usually made of wood or mountain sheep horn. The Paiutes often ate ants and grasshoppers. Ants were scooped up from the hills, and placed in baskets. These were then shaken as in "panning gold," until the insects were freed from the dirt. Grasshoppers were a popular Indian delicacy. Jim Baker, an early trapper, found Indians in the Utah lake region eating with sunflower grasshoppers seeds. Sometimes the insects were ground into meal and made into biscuits. Some 'Indians used sticks 'AO-unearth rodents for food. Roots, such as those of the wild sego, were an Indian staple. Root also used crude nets Diggers made- - of reeds to capture fish. Some wild plant leaves and stems were boiled for food, and grass seed was eaten. Pine nuts made a good storage food for some tribes. Of all Indian food, perhaps none was more universal among Utah tribes than the These fleet little animals were often driven into enclosures in organized hunts. Foods which were cooked were generally heated in waterproof baskets. jack-rabb- - the apparently, ."- -- - ri,,v "; ."t... :-- ' ; ::- , 6 6,L 6a, , , , .. ,.;, 4k.'.4 , ..- i r !- . .4 -, ' ... ..,': .. ,.,,' '1 ,,' .:.:,,::4 '::: '!i':: :.:;.'.'.... ; , ', it 4 , ,, , ; ..,,, ,, ,..,,, ,, .: ,, A k r.,,:' il- , 0" 4 , A . , 1, . I , r , .., - ) , f, ,- - . s:, ..,, ,!r:: .,,' , - --- ,,,,,,iPTJ., i 15 - i, F',;! t'.la it 4 ' l Il - ..,..,;'!;,11 i '' ,. i , v . , -- . '',,:.t4 ' t ill li ,1,, . ,r 1' . t , oLoti 1 if , v;', It- , :4 :,,,-- - 1 ., i' I , ' , t , i ' 1 , ' 4' ,,,., , '',.0 AS' ',.40- i 1 t I 1::14 " u. ' i, .,f,, ,, , 7, ,, . , ' .'.'. , '' t......12 , l':' er' a .b. liighwevl aro brood A old bow& r,Torrroorsortoo .' t - F ' ,t.,At''''..1 , $ ' "isNA;.;,'sktlf,,,,":' , . : - , ,', 11' ,it -,- ' , , I , ,..-.-.-, ,,..., .,, , , rr . ;.,' l', , ,, (above) is the county building at Brigham . The first county building, on the some site, was an adobe structure completed in 1861. Down through the years, the county building served as a meeting house, theater, a school house . and a dance hall, as well as housing county offices, .11, - .4. ,.1 .41, '', '11.1 -li, 1 4 turns out teams. Bear River .,,,, .. r Ad - , 4: '' , ,, , . i. , 4,,,,,," IN. . At , . ,,: , '44- - , , lt,;,'. , .or - , , ,,,:,. , - I ; , - i , i zs , : ,,''' , , , 4 4 ' 'II" - St ,;),,t -, r J1 . '. , ';3,A,,,, ,, , ,, r ,' t, of-r- ?' ig,4 ' - , ., 1' 1, 4 - tll I I ,I,04, -,; "v. - ,''' ( barklor-- w , Name - , 4rn., ? ' , City 'kr, . . . ' ,.,. , z.. , 1 1 , , ..'"', t t - , - -- ,,, , . ...,;,,,1 ,, . Hay is still an important crop and in many sections is still stacked by hand labor and fed out to stock during winter months. , - , , ,;,-,,-,-- ., ,,,,::-,,4-,..- .. ,,., ., am:. i ek ,,,,,e 41.4iVA1,,,., ,...., . - -- L.:, i.,., . .:,., s, , , , ,, - - : , . - 001,1WOurama , , hrM,,,,,,,e ' . 4 - ' - : -' ' i '' ' 4.7 , ,, . , 3 , - i A ik,i, .. ,.4 , !.. , '.; I,.34 ., - ,.,; 0. '111 ...,.., ' ''-- ,IteA ,,,,,4 ''.1. ;.,!:.:;.. t, - t tiff I'.t 4 ,,, , t' ist, 4 s' r t- ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,64,' ,-- A ft"..'''..---- .;,..t,,, ,,,,,. , ' ",. ,.4,. ,,, .? t '' t" , ,,,,.. t 7 A ,- v.. 4 4 :,,.,,,, , ,,1 t , kt '2"' 7,- ,- ,';',,. ' )t 1, . .2 '.,,, :.,,,, ..,..,, P , , ,..,- -,.; ' 44- ,- ....14,b) 'iw: 1, - 6 4 , ''' A i,'15.,t r - ,,-- t' t), ? :,-- ; ., 7,, e ,..t- t, ' 1 li , A 1, , . ,;y1c7,-,', A ..'t ft. T -- ' ' 0 ''' tr.'i.1,'':4 :ct '1 , , 4 '', Z e34,.5, 1 11''41r,:m, ,.:'', k 10,,, , , ,t, A 4 r.,.; '"," r.:,e.' ,.$ , ,, '4 "-- 7, , , , , , ,,:f1;,..;'''4,:;': i t , , 4 : :,:- A'''k: ot I . .T , ' .',; ''' ' ,, , 4 .,, -,-1, A ,rot V ,,,,,,, , .1, 1 ' F - , ,;',, : , , , : , i ,c., i1" .., ,, , , ,, A" k 1 i ' ,,,t ', ,!' ...1 , , , , ,..; , fd , . p.. i 1 ,,,., "d- 7 - '' ,ti,.., , , -, ;,1:.:- , '. 9 tr ,C , i; ,,,,,,, 1. , , , ,., f A, :.- ':AAtizoritot:,x,,,:'efv,,!,,,,,-,:,-,,.----4-,;A- 4. gigek Ft,z-1,- r ' ,..,.& - f Os ,is .,.: . , s . , ' i , - '''''''''' c - i . k.,.,..-,.- f - , ,,, , , , , i , , ') :t.,,4 ., ' C. .. . 'Suite Zone , . . , . , 't ,,,t .. - , - , Adv. Courtesy' Box - , - . , 4 , It , , , '4,' 4',1 i , ' .: , . . -- , . - Mot County! , '7....::;14,t , ,,,,,,s s 1 ' : - - . ir - of irrigation woutotnetr Later residents constructed the Bear River Canal When settlers arrived in the dcaomu there was only yoo nmeagerbrsiunpgpi il the fertile lands on each side of the river. c the water River Bear in a concrete Today, system, building the grain crops grown here are equal to any in the state. The land near Brigham and Willard is noted for, its peach crop. Each year, - Brigham sponsors a "Peach Day" celebration 'to bdvertise this crop. ''. - , ,:v ..,,, ' - ' ,. t , . . ,':4 1 . lk , , 1," ,,,,, ...., '' :.' 1: A' rilt, ,.,,,. .4r' ..,,,,., "to ,p4,,,,-..,..- ,., ,,,,,,, 7,' ,r.",,A ,..,4.. .,,, .cl , ' . 9, .1.?:., lit t f' a..., t ,itt A 4.,,.t.le,-,- ....i.,,E;,,,--4,;)- '4''''P;eill,,,,,4 , ,,,,, . :,.:,;,,,,',..N 1'; ..,.1,,' ,f.' '01. it ,' : ,, k,;$ 4 IT ,i1 ., V.-:- ii':. ' .A1 'N."'' s'f' 4', ')4' i4. ',.., 41 1, pit )1,'" .. ,: .kvii, P", p , g , - : ' rvvir A 4 erz f, te,..-,- t ,,,,,,ty s, ,,, - ,,,,,,.--:-"....2 , ,,,,cl.x ,,.4,4yot if .2', ,.,, ,itAk, - ,, kv,,,,,?..,,,, J- . s, q i:;,,''.;,7.1-7,,,,- ,,,,,,t,'; ,4, . , .,., " ,'" ' ..etl , , ,k,..-- t,. A Ai, ... 311,,- - '1 l't, 10 pig ' i,!,:.;-'etr ', 4,lc,,t '''', 4'.,', - ,,,,1 9 A $ :. :,;;t,.,40,4,74,,,.';,',,,,,'',,,, t, It4r0., ',,, , .4 4,: ,i'-',- I,40 ;,....,,,:,,.,,,,,i,,,.,, rik..... . Ar. ,' '' ' t, t 4 0.,4 J ,, '4 Vpi .41t.' ',I.,1.1:1W ! ,.t..,-- '1''' iir ,1 .- 9- e't4 4 i A;'' .t. 4. ,p,. - .of. ,,,,,400,101.01401,,,,,mk, f'; ', ..,,,,:. ',', .'' . ,,,,,, t4 A, ,...v.....,..es J.,. i ,.1 ?J, .0,, , , . 4 ,,,,,4,,,,,,,,,, ,i4g,.., ' "s:,:4, ,,,,,,, i , 1,1 ,...:4 , ..,,,,,...!.,,,,.. .''' '''4'"'''' .4 ' 4 ,.,,,,,:l '':'; . ' .:- I, .,,i,v, .. ii, ' . , ,,,,malum,41,' ,. lift- ' ,f ' $ ..;. , , . ., .0?i lit , .r, ', ,..4.4,..,4.,, 4,,r,,,.....,41,.. tI" ', tt. t, . - , ..r.'.7, it ' 4 , . , , .(,..i; - , , . -.- , ' , , - the in ! ieti . - . Cattle and sheep industries have grown to llarge proportions -- couny. ' - , - ,:,.,,,, r,,,,,yr,???6,417,,M1M1??,rit,,;14,,,Iyir'''',,,,..,,,,s . , ,,,..4,. , , ,,, ill 4. ---- - . ... , , Address :',,,,,,,,. , , -- : , , t . . --- 4 i' ,r,I. 1 A111044.44401,1466144410641,144 '' , , , l'-- " -, .." 1 ..4os, , ). 1 1 ' . 1 Or V., ' , ,..., 11 ,. - . 1 f ,,,, 1 WASHINGTON STATE Department of Conservation and bevelopment. Room 477 Transportation Bldg., State Capitol, Olympia Gentlemen: Kindly send me your free literature on Washington State. i , 1 " lb .4. , C' ' ' t , ., t..... ....iir , - ,4. 'No, ', , r ,. ' , 4 t , . ,,,,,., - ' 'i 1. t , 't , , . .....e... ) . ft ; , , , , . .00 th :A, .. . ;,..10- - , 0 t ''.1,,, t ....- . e t 4kya.ktAINOWOOkiko; . 1104144"..11. , 00 ,, ' 41, 4,',- - 1, L, ...iv- ., ,e , , 1,, If- .444 (14,kt,,,,,,: z ift,: ..) r"' ' Nit ,-.- -, -, ' ,4, el, ,,,,,j - irwe i : l 41, tt 11, !I ,t.0,,.., ,fstAl IL dilk klk i l o?' ( ' - is , , ik 1.40 vr- ,, ' 31, 4,''14. ...... ll'y, ( q' k.o.0' ;, , I ( - ,, i 7 tw,,, f i' Et ,v,t ng - k - - ,, Pictured , i , ..41ii , , 4,, . , . , ., ,, ftp,-- ,1 - , , , ' 4,-- ''''4,S, i , , -, 4 . 1 , -- ; ,.,1 i -- , , ,. .. ' - WASHINGTON STATE IC) - i -, I- -- ' .14. P:c44L4titar-zo-g .. , I f, g' . , , !! 1 ' 'i A, , ,1 , ,,, .,,----- , , - ' '",,,,,S, ,,- . ,,,, .141,,.r ' tw, to;"-- , ' , , , , ' .i , X4 literature. ,. ' .. ' i - -- 5: 1 , 1 Salmon tithing its Eliinti ninn boattia y,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,, ' . . ', 4 te000,0Lort4q , 41 snow-cappe- , 1 -- "!..1,54 .,, .4'. , - ''' ,,,, , 1 4,111!";4'' Pm'. 1 rrHE beauties of the West know no state boundaries A and our cordial invitation is extended to the people and guests of Utah to visit fascinating Washington State. This d land of shining mountains, towering primeval forests, rivers, waterfalls, lakes and inland seas, will amaze-- you with its mCdern cities, rich agricultufal lands, cosmopolitan seaports, and stupendous hydroelectric projects. Comfortable accommodationbe hotel, lodge, cabin, motel all modes of transportation are here, are everywhere and highways are a motorist's delight. Let us send you ' I 2, A , UTAHS CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION YEAR Below: Mt. Rainier, 14,408 feet, Is seen from Income , :.., , 1 . ,; 2:, T-- f . ,,, state-winni- ".! i of Upon the Occasion )t t - , ,,. .1eool'''' i , 4 ; ', ,. 4 ell tV; 4 1 ,ii,.,A:tuuml4 i 1 el ,, ,.,, t ., , - 4c i 6,40,0,010,,, ''' , '7,::-:---,;- -- , ' , Liomo...a.tomoiru.o.w..io.sNw r U r L 44.''' 4 I ''' N't.'"Ps51!!;;,'AN , s i.4 ... -t " ' , - Z't - , ......f ,,, , , ,,,,"'" - . .,,-- .11.,, - , '" t 7.-t, A - If..,4,,,, 4,,4, t. 41 p4 '. , te ,,, .. --- ,- - , ' , , ,,,,,, , 4 : on ... , .... ,.. ..,,. ., .. , Box Elder High, a county sponsored school, is located at Brighiim. This '. .. '::. ' , J, -- - ., ' '.' "..46.- - v , '- , ,..-- ,,, , ,....,;., ,. , '0 . at Garland. - 'N'.. -, Feed Mill and Warehouse, West Ogden 1 1 . , . FEEDS r1.1 t vntlrutic a4".""14,,,,,,s GRAIN AND MIXED WHOLESALE , , DEN ti , High School, also county sponsored, is .., 1149-0G- Dealers in e . ' IY V., 4 f - - - ' . 0 , , ,4,4 1 ( .1 . t'' ,.. t.. , it Pr:..7 --4, ' ' - in 1849 PilICE GRAM CO. P. O. BOX I 'tk 4 , , 40,41 -, , a ! ,,..", . , : 1411.11011 G. -- of Mexico ,,, He purchased ae the-Gr- eat : approximately 5,444 Covering school 'w."s''''''"'"'''----,-.....;,...;.....4- River. large herd of horses in Cali- and drove them to Fort fornia, 1 Leavenworth, Kansas to sell. But Ihe found the market off. Driv- iing them way back to I band 'broke,-- - watered, planted and sowed upwards of 100 acres with various kinds of seeds; nearly.. storkaded with adobes of on public square (ten acres)," Salt Lake. as well as building "one line of Shortly after the arrival of the Mormon pioneers in Salt Lake log cabins in stockade." square miles, Box Elder County is one of tilt "richer" counties of the state. About 75,000 acres of this area is under cultivation, a MCP. jority of the rest being used for the grazing of livestock. In 1851, a few families from Ogden moved north and settled in Box Elder County, on Willow and Box Elder Creeks. The Box Elder settlement was renamed Brigham in honor of Brigham Young. - ... ,,,''''''Wf.""'..4..' I'r ,,,,,:::;..,.........,.....e , 9 it 1 it, Weber tains since then. When be established it Og- den's Hole, he had an Indlan wife and two. children.. To his log house he added a stockade for cattle and later other cabins for his partners. Goodyear met the first corn, pany of pioneers coming west, and warned them of the severe . State SaIota fltea sr , i ' i14.6.1tosigiosetaimitheiewooési 4 ,ot,..a....eopoomN,v,";...:; ,.. site of Ogden; Utiih. Ogden's Hole, as it was known to early, mountain men, had been for some years a camping place for trappers and Indians, when Ooodyear built a log cabin there in 1844- - or 1845. He had come west in 1836, and had trapped, hunted and traded in the moun- like rope. Calm; of elk and deer skin were also worn by Indians fortunate enough to kill big game. Women wgre long dresses and IlleP went about In long leggings and shirts. Roxeller County Salt Lake Valley was in Mexican Territory when the Mormon pioneers arrived. It did not come under the Stars and Stripes until 1848, with the signing of the treaty of Guadeloupe dalgo. eter. 7044tifteitolet 41! obtained, from the rabbit robe, common amens rriany tribes. It was made by weaving together long strips of the skins twi6ted Pres. Brigham Young spent little more than a month in Salt Lake Valley after hii first arrival. Yet, during that brief period the pioneers achieved wonders. According to George, A. Smith, in that time the little crevices excavations. With the corpse was placed a number of personal effects and the grave was covered with branches. Women attended t h e funeral.- - Men's task was to destroy the deceased 's property. The Gosiute and Shoshone Indians sometimes buried their dead in springs. The bodies were weighted down with stones. Part Editien the Pacific Coast, he arrived in the midst of the goldrush. Ha sold the horses at a tremendous .. profit. On this return journey With the horses, Goodyear paused at his Ogden postlong enough to celebrate the Fourth of July. The colorful mountaineer with the flaming hair had little op- -, portunity to visit again. He died Vriley. Goodyear sold out his Post to Captain James Brown of the Mormon Battalion. According to "UtahA Guide to the State," Goodyear returned but once to his old post on the red-hair- ed Pres. Young Had Busy Month s r winter 3 t I Graves in Trees high in treetops. summer, when the ploneers arrived. There were so few'of them worn. In the hot months, according to "UtahA Guide To The State," red men roaming the sagebrush and cedar lands generally wore only a breechciout or a Kilt of shredded bark. Feet were covered with moccasins or sandals of woven weed. Sometimes the moc bur- Itt ' Perhaps the first g a r de n iplanted in what is now Utah by a white man was sown by a Connecticut Yankee, Miles Goodyear,. on the present casins extended as high as the knee. In the cold months, clothes were another matter, warmth was were not much of a prob- er I aL least during Clothes, Salt Lake Indian Graves Indians Used Made in Rocks Planned by In times Utah Indians usually Shelter Scant Smith ied in their rock dead Joseph Utah Indians lived in poor or homes when the pioneers found them. The Paiutes, dwelling generally in the southern part of the region which became Utah, erected lodges by placing 'three cedar poles in the shape of a tripod, then covering two sides of the frame with smaller swigs and - thatch. The other side was left- open. The Gosiutes had little if any shelter. They set up roofless brush windbreaks. The 1.1tes and some of the Shoshones were the aristocrats of the tribes. They lived in tep- ees, made, by placing ten to fifteen poles into a cone and then stretching skins over them. There was a skin covering as During the exodus to the well as, a skin lining. These mountains, pioneer groups often structures were about 15 feet observed peculiar Indian graves high and about 13 feet in diem- - Centennial - er Salt Lake City as It was planned by the pioneers ctid not fellow an original pattern. In fact, the plotting of the city followed generally the plan given by the Prophet Joseph Smith "for the city of Zion in Jackson County, Mo." According to B. H. Roberts, in "Comprehensive History of the Church," a similar plan has been followed in laying out settlements of the Saints the throughout Rocky Mountains. 1947 Clothes a SmallProblerri First Garden Planted at Ogden Hole long-legg- 00''''''.1 Jtly. 24 '1847 - . ,. .. " - ,, . : - .. . . 44 |
